Electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric vehicle high pressure safety management device and control method.It includes low voltage connection device, for the interlocking communication under normal circumstances of vehicle, or for the interlocking signal output under normal circumstances of vehicle, or for high voltage relay power drive under normal circumstances of vehicle, or for high voltage relay power drive output under normal circumstances of vehicle;Battery management system is used to detect the state of low voltage connection device, and according to the state of low voltage connection device, timely signal is sent to vehicle controller VCU, while high voltage output is prohibited;Vehicle controller VCU is used to receive the low voltage connection device state signal sent by battery management system, and according to whether the corresponding state signal is abnormal, sends alarm to user.The application realizes high pressure forced disconnection under the condition of vehicle anomaly or maintenance, reliably avoids high voltage unintended output under the condition of vehicle anomaly or maintenance, avoids potential risk of endangering personnel safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy technology, specifically relating to a high-voltage safety management device and control method for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and the rapid increase in the number of electric vehicles in recent years, electric vehicle safety accidents have gradually increased, which is not only detrimental to the healthy development of new energy vehicles, but also seriously endangers personnel safety. Currently, high-voltage safety management for new energy vehicles mainly relies on manual maintenance switches or high-voltage interlocks integrated into the high-voltage connectors. Because the maintenance switch is directly connected in series in the high-voltage circuit, and its high-voltage resistance characteristics result in high manufacturing costs, and because the maintenance switch must be disconnected during maintenance and repair of new energy vehicles to cut off high voltage and protect personnel, repeated plugging and unplugging can lead to decreased connection reliability, increased high-voltage bus circuit connection impedance, and the risk of overheating or even fire during normal vehicle operation or charging. In emergency situations, if the high-voltage interlock malfunctions (connector loose, but interlock signal normal), failing to effectively cut off the high voltage, it can lead to more serious secondary faults and personal injury. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology and provide a high-voltage safety management device and control method for electric vehicles.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a high-voltage safety management device for electric vehicles, comprising...

[0005] Low-voltage connection device, used for interlocking connection under normal vehicle conditions, or for interlocking signal output under normal vehicle conditions, or for high-voltage relay power drive under normal vehicle conditions, or for high-voltage relay power drive output under normal vehicle conditions.

[0006] The battery management system is used to detect the status of low-voltage connection devices and send signals to the vehicle controller (VCU) in a timely manner according to the corresponding status of the low-voltage connection devices, while prohibiting high-voltage output.

[0007] The vehicle control unit (VCU) receives low-voltage connection status signals from the battery management system and sends alarms to the user based on whether the corresponding status signals are abnormal.

[0008] The low-voltage connection device is used to achieve synchronous hard connection and synchronous hard disconnection of the interlock circuit and the E-service dual circuit. If the high-voltage interlock detection fails, the high-voltage relay drive power supply is cut off through the E-service hard disconnection state, thereby achieving high-voltage cutoff and prohibition of output.

[0009] The low-voltage connection device includes a maintenance switch and a high-voltage interlock switch connected in parallel, as well as a connection latch device that controls the maintenance switch and the high-voltage interlock switch to open or close simultaneously.

[0010] When the connecting latch device is engaged, the maintenance switch and the high-voltage interlock switch will close simultaneously and conduct; when the connecting latch device is disengaged, the maintenance switch and the high-voltage interlock switch will disconnect simultaneously.

[0011] The low-voltage connection device harness is used for the connection and output of interlock signals and E-service signals.

[0012] The low-voltage connection device status includes high-voltage interlock (HVIL) status and E-service status, and the battery management system is used for low-voltage connection device status diagnosis.

[0013] The interlocked HVIL states include the normal state HVILClose, the abnormal state HVILOpen, the abnormal state HVILLineShortToGND, and the abnormal state HVILLineShortToVCC.

[0014] The E-service status includes the normal status E-serviceClose and the abnormal status E-serviceOpen.

[0015] After receiving an abnormal status signal from the low-voltage connection device, the vehicle control unit (VCU) immediately issues a warning sound to the user and displays a warning message on the instrument panel.

[0016] A control method for a high-voltage safety management device for an electric vehicle includes the following steps: detecting the status of a low-voltage connection device and promptly sending an alarm signal to the vehicle controller (VCU) based on the corresponding status of the low-voltage connection device, while simultaneously prohibiting high-voltage output; and sending an alarm to the user based on whether the status signal corresponding to the low-voltage connection device status signal is abnormal.

[0017] This invention enables the forced disconnection of high voltage in the event of vehicle malfunction or maintenance, reliably preventing unexpected high voltage output in such situations and avoiding potential risks to personnel safety.

[0018] This invention provides dual protection for judging the high-voltage connection status of a vehicle and for high-voltage safety management during maintenance, thereby improving the convenience of the maintenance process while enhancing the safety of vehicle maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage connection device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The components are as follows: 1-Vehicle lead-acid power supply line; 2-Low-voltage connection device (E-service plug); 3-Battery pack main positive relay drive coil power supply line; 4-Battery pack main positive relay high-voltage contact; 5-Battery pack positive high-voltage output bus; 6-Maintenance switch (E-service); 7-High-voltage interlock switch (HVIL switch); 8-Battery Management System (BMS); 9-Main positive relay enable signal; 10-Main positive relay drive coil; 11-Connection latch device; 12-Power battery pack. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clear understanding of the present invention, but these descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention includes

[0025] The low-voltage connection device 2 is connected to the vehicle via the vehicle lead-acid power supply line 1. It is used for interlocking connection under normal vehicle conditions, or for interlocking signal output under normal vehicle conditions, or for high-voltage relay power drive under normal vehicle conditions, or for high-voltage relay power drive output under normal vehicle conditions.

[0026] The battery management system 8 is connected to the battery pack main positive relay drive coil power line 3. It is used to detect the status of the low-voltage connection device 2 and send a signal to the vehicle controller VCU in a timely manner according to the corresponding status of the low-voltage connection device 2, while prohibiting high-voltage output.

[0027] The vehicle control unit (VCU) receives the status signal of the low-voltage connection device 2 from the battery management system 8, and sends an alarm to the user based on whether the corresponding status signal is abnormal.

[0028] The low-voltage connection device 2 is used to realize the synchronous hard connection and synchronous hard disconnection of the interlock circuit and the E-service dual circuit. If the high-voltage interlock detection fails, the high-voltage relay drive power supply can also be cut off through the E-service hard disconnection state to realize high-voltage cut-off and output prohibition.

[0029] The low-voltage connection device 2 includes a maintenance switch 6 and a high-voltage interlock switch 7 connected in parallel, as well as a connection latch device 11 that controls the simultaneous opening or closing of the maintenance switch 6 and the high-voltage interlock switch 7.

[0030] When the connecting latch device 11 is engaged, the maintenance switch 6 and the high-voltage interlock switch 7 will close and conduct simultaneously; when the connecting latch device 11 is disengaged, the maintenance switch 6 and the high-voltage interlock switch 7 will disconnect simultaneously.

[0031] The low-voltage connection harness is used for the connection and output of interlock signals and E-service signals.

[0032] The status of the low-voltage connection device 2 includes the high-voltage interlock (HVIL) status and the E-service status. The battery management system 8 is used for the status diagnosis of the low-voltage connection device 2.

[0033] The interlocked HVIL states include the normal state HVILClose, the abnormal state HVILOpen, the abnormal state HVILLineShortToGND, and the abnormal state HVILLineShortToVCC.

[0034] E-service status includes the normal status E-serviceClose and the abnormal status E-serviceOpen.

[0035] After receiving an abnormal status signal from the low-voltage connection device 2, the vehicle control unit (VCU) immediately issues a warning audible alert to the user and displays a warning message on the instrument panel.

[0036] Under normal circumstances, when the low-voltage connection device 2 is closed, the maintenance switch 6 automatically closes, the high-voltage interlock switch 7 closes, and the lead-acid 12V power supply 1 will use the battery pack main positive relay drive coil power line 3 as the drive power for the main positive relay. When the battery management system (BMS) 8 detects that the interlock signal HVIL is normal, the main positive relay enable signal 9 control signal is high, and the main positive relay drive coil 10 will form a circuit to drive the battery pack main positive relay high-voltage contact 4 to close. If the negative relay is in the closed state, the battery pack positive high-voltage output bus 5 will have high voltage.

[0037] When a vehicle, especially its high-voltage components and wiring harness, requires maintenance, disconnecting the low-voltage connection device 2's locking device 11 will simultaneously disconnect the low-voltage maintenance switch 6 and the high-voltage interlock switch 7. Figure 3 Specifically, it includes:

[0038] Step 1: According to Figure 3 When the principle maintenance switch 6 is turned off, BMS8 will detect that E-service_12V = 0V. The power supply of the main positive relay drive coil 10 in the power battery pack 12 will be cut off, forcibly disconnecting the relay drive power supply 12V, and the relay cannot be connected to high voltage.

[0039] Step Two: According to Figure 3In principle, after the high-voltage interlock switch 7 is opened, the high-voltage interlock signal will be disconnected. BMS8 will detect the disconnection of the interlock signal HVILOpen, and then force the relay drive signal to be low, preventing the relay from closing.

[0040] Step 3: Based on Step 1 and Step 2, BMS8 reports E-serviceOpen and HVILOpen signals to the vehicle controller VCU. At the same time, the BMS software policy will actively prohibit responding to the high-voltage power-on request or charging request of the vehicle controller VCU to ensure that high voltage output is prohibited. The vehicle controller VCU outputs maintenance alarm and instrument prompt screen to remind maintenance personnel to prohibit high-voltage operation.

[0041] Step 4: Based on Step 1, Step 2, and Step 3 above, maintenance personnel can not only read and analyze the signals of the high-voltage system when the power is on, but also completely prevent unexpected safety accidents such as vehicle movement or high-voltage output caused by misoperation of the vehicle during maintenance.

[0042] By following the four steps above, the high-voltage relay can be safely and reliably disconnected at low cost, thereby cutting off the high voltage of the electric vehicle and ensuring the safety of personnel under high voltage.

[0043] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-voltage safety management device for electric vehicles, characterized in that: include Low-voltage connection device (2) is used for interlocking connection under normal vehicle conditions, or for interlocking signal output under normal vehicle conditions, or for high-voltage relay power drive under normal vehicle conditions, or for high-voltage relay power drive output under normal vehicle conditions. The battery management system (8) is used to detect the status of the low-voltage connection device (2) and send a signal to the vehicle controller VCU in a timely manner according to the corresponding status of the low-voltage connection device (2), while prohibiting high-voltage output. The vehicle controller (VCU) is used to receive the status signal of the low-voltage connection device (2) issued by the battery management system (8), and send an alarm to the user according to whether the corresponding status signal is abnormal. The low-voltage connection device (2) includes a maintenance switch (6) and a high-voltage interlock switch (7) connected in parallel, as well as a connection latch device (11) that controls the maintenance switch (6) and the high-voltage interlock switch (7) to open or close simultaneously.

2. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage connection device (2) is used to realize the synchronous hard connection and synchronous hard disconnection of the interlock circuit and the E-service dual circuit. When the high-voltage interlock detection fails, the high-voltage relay drive power supply is cut off through the E-service hard disconnection state to realize high-voltage cut-off and prohibition of output.

3. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the connecting latch device (11) is engaged, the maintenance switch (6) and the high-voltage interlock switch (7) will close and conduct simultaneously; when the connecting latch device (11) is disengaged, the maintenance switch (6) and the high-voltage interlock switch (7) will disconnect simultaneously.

4. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage connection device harness is used for the connection and output of interlock signals and E-service signals.

5. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The status of the low-voltage connection device (2) includes the high-voltage interlock (HVIL) status and the E-service status. The battery management system (8) is used for low-voltage connection device (2) status diagnosis.

6. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interlocked HVIL states include the normal state HVILClose, the abnormal state HVILOpen, the abnormal state HVILLineShortToGND, and the abnormal state HVILLineShortToVCC.

7. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The E-service status includes the normal status E-serviceClose and the abnormal status E-serviceOpen.

8. The electric vehicle high-voltage safety management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: After receiving an abnormal status signal from the low-voltage connection device (2), the vehicle controller (VCU) immediately issues a warning sound to the user and displays a warning screen on the instrument panel.

9. The control method for a high-voltage safety management device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The status of the low-voltage connection device (2) is detected, and an alarm signal is sent to the vehicle controller VCU in a timely manner according to the corresponding status of the low-voltage connection device (2), while high-voltage output is prohibited; an alarm is sent to the user according to whether the status signal corresponding to the status signal of the low-voltage connection device (2) is abnormal.

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