A protective structure for a miniature functional component

Abstract

This invention discloses a protective structure for a micro-sized functional component, belonging to the field of buffer technology. It includes a mounting plate, an energy-absorbing box, and a variable gradient lattice composite structure core. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core is disposed within the energy-absorbing box, and the mounting plate is disposed within the energy-absorbing box and connected to one end of the variable gradient lattice composite structure core. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core comprises multiple unit cells, which are continuously connected and integrally formed along the three-dimensional space within the energy-absorbing box. The protective structure for a micro-sized functional component based on the variable gradient lattice composite structure core of this invention exhibits high energy absorption density, high energy absorption stability, and good impact reduction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a protective structure for a miniature functional component, belonging to the field of buffer technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a high-tech weapon, guided projectiles endure the most severe transient high-impact environments during launch. To prevent the failure of internal micro-sized functional components such as photoelectric detectors, TR modules, microwave modules, and composite antenna assemblies under high overload conditions, the transient high-impact environment poses new challenges to the protective structural performance of these micro-sized functional components. The guidance head of a guided projectile not only requires its protective structure to possess significant impact resistance (10,000~50,000G) under transient high-impact conditions (10~20ms), but is also limited by size (less than 10mm). Therefore, it is urgent to design a small-sized, high-energy-release protective composite structure to improve the high overload capacity of the guided projectile's micro-sized functional structures and enhance its strike accuracy.

[0003] However, the currently widely used continuous medium protection composite structures still fall short of the ideal small-size, high-energy-release function. Since the buffer material is a continuous body, its buffering effect is related to its thickness; the thicker the material, the better the buffering effect. Currently, commonly used buffer layers exceeding 40 mm are required to achieve excellent buffering performance through sufficient plastic deformation. Lattice structures, as a periodic topological structure, possess strong design flexibility, allowing for the selection of different topological configurations and changes in the size of microstructure pores according to requirements. Due to their high porosity and effective surface area, their energy dissipation rate is high. Developing lattice structures with small size and high energy release is one of the core bottleneck issues that needs to be overcome in the development of related equipment both domestically and internationally.

[0004] Existing technologies employ periodic honeycomb core structures for automotive energy-absorbing boxes. While variable density gradient designs significantly improve the energy absorption performance of the honeycomb structure, these structures utilize regular hexagonal cells or concave hexagonal cell rings. During the buffering process, the energy absorption capacity of the variable density gradient honeycomb cells is greatly enhanced compared to uniform honeycomb structures. However, because it relies entirely on honeycomb cells as the buffer body, in specialized applications such as the high overload conditions experienced by the micro-functional structures of guided projectiles, a purely variable density gradient honeycomb structure has the following drawbacks: Since the buffer material is a continuous body, its buffering effect is related to its thickness; the thicker the material, the better the buffering effect. Currently, commonly used buffer layers exceeding 40 mm are required to achieve excellent buffering effects through sufficient plastic deformation. Traditional variable density gradient honeycomb structures primarily rely on elastoplastic deformation and frictional heating to absorb impact energy, i.e., elastoplastic energy attenuation. Even with internal filling materials like aluminum foam, the energy dissipation of traditional continuous structures remains limited due to their continuous nature, making it difficult to reduce the 40 mm thick buffer layer to less than 10 mm. This invention introduces a particle system into a variable density gradient cell honeycomb structure. Friction and inelastic collisions between particles and between particles and containers within the internal cavities provide a damping dissipation effect, i.e., damped energy dissipation, thereby attenuating structural vibration and impact energy. Simultaneously, the discontinuous particle medium creates a concentrated mass effect under transient strong impact conditions, generating motion opposite to the direction of inertial acceleration. The opposing inertial force cancels out some kinetic energy, exhibiting a damping mechanism of reverse inertial force, i.e., inertial energy attenuation. Therefore, the protective structure design for a micro-functional component proposed in this invention can significantly improve the high overload resistance of lattice structures, achieving high energy release functionality of the lattice structure-discontinuous medium composite structure under small-scale transient strong impact conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a protective structure for a micro-sized functional component, comprising a variable gradient lattice composite structure core. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core includes multiple unit cells, which are continuously connected and integrally formed along the three-dimensional space within the energy-absorbing box. The entire variable gradient lattice composite structure decreases in size from the center to both sides along the radial direction, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the unit cells decreases from the center to both sides, resulting in high energy absorption density, high energy absorption stability, and good impact reduction effect.

[0006] To achieve one of the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution for the protective structure of the micro-functional component of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The protective structure for the micro-miniature functional component includes a mounting plate, an energy-absorbing box, and a variable gradient lattice composite structure core. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core is disposed within the energy-absorbing box, and the mounting plate is disposed within the energy-absorbing box and connected to one end of the variable gradient lattice composite structure core. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core includes multiple unit cells, and each unit cell contains a particle energy-consuming cell, which is filled with particles.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer contour of the unit cell is a regular hexagon, and the unit cell has a particle energy-consuming cell with a circular hole cross-section. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell is located at the center of the regular hexagon, and the circular hole particle energy-consuming cell is connected to the regular hexagon by a connecting beam. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell is filled with particles.

[0009] Furthermore, there are three connecting beams, which are equally spaced on the outer wall of the circular hole-shaped particle energy-consuming cell and are connected to the inner wall of the outer contour of the regular hexagonal unit cell.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting beam is connected to three equally spaced interior angles in the outer contour of the regular hexagonal unit cell.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer contour of the unit cell is a regular hexagon, and the unit cell has a regular hexagonal particle energy-consuming cell, which is composed of a regular hexagonal outer contour and is filled with particles.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple unit cells are continuously connected and integrally formed within the three-dimensional space of the energy-absorbing box.

[0013] Furthermore, the variable gradient lattice composite structure decreases from the center to both sides along the radial direction, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the unit cell decreases from the center to both sides.

[0014] Furthermore, the particle energy-consuming cell is provided with one or more damping bags, and each damping bag is filled with multiple particles.

[0015] Furthermore, each damping bag is filled with particles or 90% to 95% of its space is filled with particles.

[0016] Furthermore, the damping bag is made of metal wire mesh with a mesh size of 200-600. The metal wire mesh damping bag plays a primary energy-absorbing role in the buffer. During the drop of the transport container, the particle damping bag deforms, causing the particles inside the bag to collide and compress against each other, as well as inertial attenuation, thereby consuming a large amount of impact energy and more effectively protecting the transport container.

[0017] Furthermore, the wire mesh completely encloses multiple particles. This enclosed enclosure is achieved through welding.

[0018] Furthermore, the damping bag is a plastic film.

[0019] Furthermore, the particles are solid metal particles, solid polymer particles, or solid ceramic particles, with a particle diameter ranging from 1 to 5 mm, preferably 2 mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the particles are hollow metal particles, hollow polymer material particles, or hollow ceramic particles, with an inner diameter ranging from 1 to 50 mm and an outer diameter ranging from 1.1 to 50.1 mm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This invention designs a novel buffer structure, namely a protective structure for a micro-miniature functional component, comprising a mounting plate, an energy-absorbing box, and a variable gradient lattice composite core. The variable gradient lattice composite core is disposed within the energy-absorbing box and includes multiple unit cells. These unit cells are continuously connected and integrally formed along the three-dimensional space within the energy-absorbing box. The entire variable gradient lattice composite structure decreases in size from the center to both sides along the radial direction, meaning the cross-sectional area of ​​the unit cells decreases from the center to both sides. This results in high energy absorption density, high energy absorption stability, and good impact reduction effect.

[0023] The present invention provides a protective structure for a micro-sized functional component, which realizes the high overload resistance design of a small-sized lattice composite structure.

[0024] Traditional cushioning materials are continuous, and their cushioning effect is related to their thickness; the thicker the material, the better the cushioning effect. Currently, commonly used cushioning layers exceeding 40 mm are required to achieve excellent cushioning through sufficient plastic deformation. The variable density gradient cell honeycomb structure in Document 1 mainly relies on elastoplastic deformation and frictional heating to absorb impact energy, i.e., elastoplastic energy attenuation. Even with internal filling with materials such as aluminum foam, since these are continuous media, they still cannot escape the elastoplastic attenuation form. Therefore, the energy dissipation characteristics of traditional continuous structures are limited, making it difficult to reduce the 40 mm thick cushioning layer to within 10 mm. This invention proposes a protective structure design for micro-miniature functional components. By introducing a particle system into a variable density gradient cell honeycomb structure, the friction and inelastic collisions between particles and between particles and containers within the internal cavities of the variable density gradient structure provide a damping dissipation effect, i.e., damping energy dissipation, thereby achieving the purpose of attenuating structural vibration and impact energy. Meanwhile, the discontinuous particulate medium forms a concentrated mass effect under transient strong impact conditions, generating motion in the opposite direction to the inertial acceleration. The inertial force in the opposite direction cancels out part of the kinetic energy, exhibiting a decay mechanism of reverse inertial force, i.e., inertial energy decay. Therefore, it can significantly improve the high overload resistance of the lattice structure and realize the high energy release function of the lattice structure-discontinuous medium composite structure under small-size transient strong impact conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protective structure of the micro-miniature functional component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the core of the variable gradient lattice particle composite structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unit cell of the variable gradient lattice particle composite structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the variable gradient honeycomb hollow particle composite structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1. Mounting plate (1), 2. Cylindrical cross-section thin-walled energy-absorbing box, 3. Variable gradient lattice particle composite structure core, 4. Micro-sized structural functional component, 5. Variable gradient honeycomb hollow particle composite structure core, 34. Unit cell, 31. Connecting beam, 32. Honeycomb hole, 33. Particle energy-consuming cell. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The protective structure for the miniature functional components provided by the present invention will be further described in detail and completely below with reference to embodiments. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following embodiments are all commercially available.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment illustrates a protective structure for a micro-miniature functional component. The protective structure for the micro-miniature functional component includes a mounting plate 1, an energy-absorbing box 2, and a variable gradient lattice composite structure core 3. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core is disposed within the energy-absorbing box, and the mounting plate is disposed within the energy-absorbing box and connected to one end of the variable gradient lattice composite structure core 3. The micro-miniature structural functional component 4 is disposed on the mounting plate 1. The variable gradient lattice composite structure core 3 includes multiple unit cells 34, and each of the multiple unit cells 34 contains a particle energy-dissipating cell 33, which is filled with particles. The outer contour of the unit cell 34 is a regular hexagon. The unit cell 34 has a particle energy-consuming cell 33 with a cross-section of a circular hole. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell 33 is located at the center of the regular hexagonal unit cell 34. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell 33 and the regular hexagonal unit cell 34 are connected by a connecting beam 31. The gap between the connecting beam 31, the circular hole particle energy-consuming cell 33 and the regular hexagonal unit cell 34 is a honeycomb hole 32.

[0036] The connecting beams consist of three beams, each equally spaced on the outer wall of the circular-hole particle energy-consuming cell, and each connected to the inner wall of the outer contour of the regular hexagonal unit cell. In this embodiment, the connecting beams are connected to three equally spaced interior angles of the outer contour of the regular hexagonal unit cell.

[0037] In this embodiment, the outer contour of the unit cell is a regular hexagon, and the unit cell includes regular hexagonal particle energy-dissipating cells, which are formed by the regular hexagonal outer contour and filled with particles. Multiple unit cells are continuously connected and integrally formed along the three-dimensional space within the energy-absorbing box. The variable gradient lattice composite structure decreases from the center to both sides along the radial direction, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the unit cell decreases from the center to both sides.

[0038] In this embodiment, the particle energy-consuming cell contains one or more damping bags, each filled with multiple particles. Furthermore, each damping bag is fully filled with particles or filled with particles to 90%–95% of its space. Further still, the damping bag is a metal mesh with a mesh size of 200–600 mesh. The metal mesh damping bag plays a primary energy-absorbing role in the buffer. During the drop of the transport container, the particle damping bag deforms, causing the particles inside the bag to collide and compress against each other, as well as inertial attenuation, thereby consuming a large amount of impact energy and more effectively protecting the transport container. Furthermore, the metal mesh completely encloses multiple particles. This enclosed enclosure is achieved by welding. In other embodiments, the damping bag is a plastic film.

[0039] In this embodiment, the particles are solid metal particles, solid polymer particles, or solid ceramic particles, with a particle diameter ranging from 1 to 5 mm, preferably 2 mm.

[0040] In this embodiment 1, the entire lattice structure features a variable gradient lattice composite structure core that decreases radially from the center to both sides; that is, the cell cross-sectional area decreases from the center to both sides. The cylindrical cross-section thin-walled energy-absorbing box is made of alloy steel, while the lattice core is made of aluminum alloy and filled with solid iron-based particles with a diameter of 2 mm. The protective device is connected to the underside of the micro-structure functional component via a connecting mounting plate 1, thereby achieving the installation of the protective device. When subjected to high-speed impact, the cylindrical cross-section thin-walled energy-absorbing box first receives the impact energy, which is then transferred to the core of the variable-gradient lattice particle composite structure. Due to the influence of the variable gradient, the structural strength at the rear end of the structure is relatively weak, so it deforms simultaneously with the lattice structure at the impact end. This results in the variable-gradient lattice structure having a greater number of cells participating in deformation and energy absorption than a uniform lattice structure with the same relative density, under the same equivalent strain. Simultaneously, the discontinuous particle medium forms a concentrated mass effect under transient strong impact conditions, generating motion opposite to the direction of inertial acceleration. The additional inertial force of the reverse motion offsets part of the inertial force, exhibiting a damping mechanism of reverse inertial force. This enables the high overload resistance design of the small-sized lattice composite structure.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, this invention is a protective device for micro-functional components based on a variable-gradient honeycomb hollow particle composite structure core. The relative density of the entire honeycomb structure increases from back to front along the X direction, meaning the cell cross-sectional area increases from back to front. The energy-absorbing box 2 is made of alloy steel, and the variable-gradient honeycomb hollow particle composite structure core 5 is made of nylon, filled with energy-absorbing hollow particles. The energy-absorbing box is connected to the micro-functional component 4 below via a mounting plate 1, thus achieving the installation of the energy-absorbing box. When a transient strong impact is transmitted to the micro-functional component, the impact magnitude is reduced due to the energy absorption by the variable-gradient lattice composite buffer, achieving the function of protecting the micro-functional component.

[0043] In this embodiment, the particles are hollow metal particles, hollow polymer material particles, or hollow ceramic particles, with an inner diameter ranging from 1 to 50 mm and an outer diameter ranging from 1.1 to 50.1 mm.

[0044] (1) In a limited space, compared with traditional solid materials with the same performance, the density of the lattice structure is greatly reduced, and the weight can be reduced by more than 70%;

[0045] (2) In addition, its energy absorption performance can be improved by using a variable density gradient design. That is, under the same mass or volume conditions, the variable gradient honeycomb structure can absorb more energy.

[0046] (3) By filling the inside of the honeycomb with particles, energy is efficiently dissipated when passing through the discontinuous particle medium. This characteristic can absorb most of the impact energy and protect the micro-functional components from damage.

[0047] To verify the cushioning effect of the protective structure for micro-functional components, the structure was applied to the micro-functional components and a drop test was conducted using a scaled-down model. The lattice composite structure scheme was compared with the foam aluminum cushioning scheme to compare the cushioning effects.

[0048] Two sets of miniature functional component models were fabricated. One set of miniature functional components adopted the lattice composite structure of the present invention, and the other set adopted aluminum foam buffer material as the scheme of Comparative Example 1. An acceleration sensor was installed in the middle of the scaled-down model to collect the acceleration signal during impact. The scaled-down model was suspended at a height of 3 meters. After the test started, the suspension rope was cut to allow the model to fall freely. The maximum value of the impact response spectrum acceleration collected by the two sets of experiments was compared as the evaluation index of the buffering effect.

[0049] Comparison test data of buffering effect

[0050]

[0051] By comparing the experimental data above, it can be concluded that the maximum acceleration of the core lattice composite structure of the variable gradient lattice particle composite structure of the invention is 5000g, while the maximum acceleration of the structure of Comparative Example 1 is 10000g, and the impact reduction ratio is 50%. The experimental results prove that the advantages of the present invention are much higher than those of the structure of Comparative Example 1.

[0052] Finally, it is necessary to state that the above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention in detail, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above content of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective structure for a miniature functional component, characterized in that, include: The structure comprises an installation plate, an energy-absorbing box, and a variable gradient lattice composite core. The variable gradient lattice composite core is disposed within the energy-absorbing box, and the installation plate is disposed within the energy-absorbing box and connected to one end of the variable gradient lattice composite core. The variable gradient lattice composite core includes multiple unit cells, each of which contains a particle energy-consuming cell, which is filled with particles or particles. The particles are solid metal particles, solid polymer particles, or solid ceramic particles; the particles are hollow metal particles, hollow polymer particles, or hollow ceramic particles. Multiple unit cells are continuously connected and integrally formed within the three-dimensional space of the energy-absorbing box; The variable gradient lattice composite structure decreases from the center to both sides along the radial direction, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the unit cell decreases from the center to both sides.

2. The protective structure for the micro-functional component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer contour of the unit cell is a regular hexagon. The unit cell has a particle energy-consuming cell with a circular hole cross-section. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell is located at the center of the regular hexagon. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell is connected to the regular hexagon by a connecting beam. The circular hole particle energy-consuming cell is filled with particles.

3. The protective structure for the micro-functional component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting beams consist of three beams, which are equally spaced on the outer wall of the circular hole-shaped particle energy-consuming cell and are connected to the inner wall of the outer contour of the regular hexagonal unit cell. The connecting beams are connected to three equally spaced interior angles in the outer contour of the regular hexagonal unit cell.

4. The protective structure for the micro-functional component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer contour of the unit cell is a regular hexagon. The unit cell has a regular hexagonal particle energy-consuming cell, which is composed of a regular hexagonal outer contour and is filled with particles.

5. The protective structure for the micro-functional component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle energy-consuming cell contains one or more damping bags, and each damping bag is filled with multiple particles.

6. The protective structure for the micro-miniature functional component according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each damping bag is filled with particles or 90% to 95% of its space is filled with particles. The damping bag is made of metal wire mesh with a mesh size of 200-600 mesh. The metal wire mesh completely encloses multiple particles or particles.

7. The protective structure for the micro-functional component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle diameter ranges from 1 to 5 mm.

8. The protective structure for the micro-functional component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle has an inner diameter ranging from 1 to 50 mm and an outer diameter ranging from 1.1 to 50.1 mm.

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