Method for sighting north

Abstract

A method for aiming north using a horizontal alignment is provided. This method utilizes an adjustable-height tripod and an adjustable horizontal and vertical support mounted on the tripod. A plane mirror is placed on the support and positioned opposite the astronomical reference selected by the collimating theodolite for north aiming. The collimating theodolite is then aligned with the plane mirror's optical plane. After locking the horizontal angle of the plane mirror, its elevation angle is adjusted, allowing the collimating theodolite to aim at the astronomical reference without increasing the elevation angle. This facilitates reference transfer during subsequent horizontal operations, thus solving the problem that the collimating theodolite can only aim at the astronomical reference horizontally under certain operating conditions. By using the horizontal reflected image of the astronomical reference from the plane mirror, which is aimed horizontally by the collimating theodolite, the reference value for north aiming is obtained, providing the collimating theodolite with the conditions to obtain the reference value for north aiming in a horizontal environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of inertial navigation technology, specifically relating to a method for horizontal aiming and north-pointing. Background Technology

[0002] When using a collimating theodolite (hereinafter referred to as the collimating theodolite) for north-pointing operations, it is usually necessary to transfer the north reference level (horizontal aiming) to the target. If an astronomical reference (taking Polaris, i.e., Gouchenyi, as an example) is to be used as the north reference, the elevation angle of the collimating theodolite needs to be increased for aiming. However, due to limitations in usage conditions, environment, or other reasons, the collimating theodolite can only be used when it is nearly horizontal. In view of the above limitations in usage conditions, it is necessary to propose a method for horizontal aiming at an astronomical reference to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a method for aiming north from a horizontal position. This method utilizes an adjustable-height tripod and an adjustable horizontal and vertical support mounted on the tripod. A plane mirror is placed on the support. This transforms the operation of raising the elevation angle when aiming a collimating theodolite at an astronomical reference into a horizontal aiming operation of the collimating theodolite and a dual-axis operation of the plane mirror. This solves the problem that under certain usage conditions, the collimating theodolite can only aim at an astronomical reference horizontally. By obtaining the horizontal reflected image of the astronomical reference from the plane mirror used for horizontal aiming of the collimating theodolite, the reference value for north is obtained, providing the collimating theodolite with the conditions for use in a horizontal environment.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for aiming and guiding north, comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1) Install the vertically positioned plane mirror on a support that can adjust the pitch and horizontal angles, and fix the support to the upper plane of the height-adjustable tripod.

[0006] 2) Place the tripod in the opposite direction of the selected astronomical reference of the collimating theodolite, and adjust the height of the tripod so that the collimating theodolite can be at eye level with the aiming plane mirror;

[0007] 3) Adjust the height of the three legs of the tripod bracket to ensure that the two levels fixed to the upper plane of the tripod bracket are horizontal;

[0008] 4) Adjust the horizontal and vertical angles of the collimating theodolite, and adjust the vertical and horizontal angles of the plane mirror through the support to make the collimating theodolite collimated with the plane mirror, that is, the collimation direction of the collimating theodolite is consistent with the normal direction of the plane mirror.

[0009] 5) Lock the horizontal angle position of the plane mirror in the state of step 4), adjust the elevation angle of the plane mirror, and under the action of the plane mirror (1), make the collimating theodolite see the reflected image of the astronomical reference at the observation position;

[0010] 6) Repeat steps 4) and 5) and observe whether the reflected image of the astronomical reference is at the center of the crosshairs of the collimator. If the requirement is met, the operation is completed; if not, proceed to the next step.

[0011] 7) Move the plane mirror horizontally along the geographical east-west direction and repeat steps 3) to 6) above until the reflected image of the astronomical reference is observed at the center of the crosshairs of the collimating theodolite at the observation position.

[0012] The two levels on the upper plane of the triangular bracket are distributed perpendicularly to each other.

[0013] Advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies:

[0014] 1. This technical solution utilizes an adjustable height tripod and an adjustable horizontal and vertical support on the tripod, and places a plane mirror on the support. This transforms the operation of raising the elevation angle when aiming the collimating theodolite at an astronomical reference into a level aiming operation of the collimating theodolite and a dual-axis operation of the plane mirror, thereby solving the problem that the collimating theodolite can only aim at an astronomical reference at level under certain usage conditions.

[0015] 2. In this technical solution, the plane mirror is placed in the opposite direction to the astronomical reference selected by the collimating theodolite for north-pointing. The collimating theodolite and the plane mirror are collimated. After locking the horizontal angle of the plane mirror, the elevation angle of the plane mirror is adjusted so that the collimating theodolite can aim at the astronomical reference without increasing the elevation angle, so that the reference can be transferred in subsequent horizontal operations.

[0016] 3. This technical solution uses the horizontal reflection image of the astronomical reference reflected by the aiming plane mirror of the collimating theodolite to provide the collimating theodolite with the conditions for obtaining the north reference value in a horizontal environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle and structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of the plane mirror of the present invention mounted on the support of a triangular bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following will be based on embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-3The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated herein, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0023] The method of aiming at the north, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0024] 1) The vertically positioned plane mirror 1 is mounted on a support 4 that can adjust the pitch and horizontal angles, and the support 4 is fixed to the upper plane of a height-adjustable triangular bracket 5. The support 4 can be equipped with a structure for adjusting the pitch and horizontal angles, and the plane mirror 1 can be mounted on this structure. Alternatively, the following structure can be used to adjust the pitch and horizontal angles of the plane mirror 1: the support 4 is fixed to the platform of the triangular bracket 5, and a horizontal seat is rotatably mounted on the support 4. The horizontal seat is fixed in place by a set screw, and a pitch seat is hinged to the horizontal seat. The plane mirror 1 is vertically fixed on the pitch seat, and the pitch angle of the plane mirror 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle of the pitch seat. Alternatively, the existing dual-axis adjustment structure with a mounting rod on the support 4 can be used to adjust the pitch and horizontal angles of the plane mirror 1. The pitch and horizontal angle adjustment function of the support 4 provides the conditions for adjusting the pitch and horizontal angles of the plane mirror 4.

[0025] 2) Place the tripod 5 in the opposite direction of the selected astronomical reference 3 of the collimating theodolite 2, and adjust the height of the tripod 5 so that the collimating theodolite 2 can aim at the plane mirror 1 at eye level; taking the North Star, i.e., Gouchenyi, as an example, the reference value of north is obtained by aiming at the horizontal reflected image 9 of the North Star reflected by the collimating theodolite 2 at eye level with the plane mirror 1.

[0026] 3) Adjust the height of each of the three legs of the tripod 5 so that the two levels 6 fixed to the upper plane of the tripod 5 are in a horizontal state; wherein the two levels 6 on the upper plane of the tripod 5 are distributed perpendicularly to each other. The level 6 provides a leveling function for the support 4 of the plane mirror 1;

[0027] 4) Adjust the horizontal and vertical angles of the collimating theodolite 2, and adjust the vertical and horizontal angles of the plane mirror 1 through the support 4, so that the collimating theodolite 2 is collimated with the plane mirror 1, that is, the collimation direction 7 of the collimating theodolite 2 is consistent with the normal direction 8 of the plane mirror 1.

[0028] 5) Lock the horizontal angle position of plane mirror 1 in the state of step 4), and adjust the elevation angle of plane mirror 1, that is, adjust... Figure 2 The angle 10 of the plane mirror 1 shown is the local latitude value when the selected astronomical reference 3 is the North Star, i.e., the first star. Under the action of the plane mirror 1, the collimating theodolite 2 can see the reflected image 9 of the astronomical reference 3 at the observation position.

[0029] 6) Repeat steps 4) and 5) and observe whether the reflected image 9 of the astronomical reference 3 is at the center of the crosshairs of the collimator 2. If the requirement is met, the operation is completed; if not, proceed to the next step.

[0030] 7) Move the plane mirror 1 horizontally along the geographical east-west direction and repeat steps 3) to 6) above until the reflected image 9 of the astronomical reference 3 is observed at the center of the crosshairs of the collimating theodolite 2 from the observation position of the collimating theodolite 2.

[0031] The final result of aiming at Polaris is: the human eye visually observes the scale value of the Polaris reflected image 16 at the center of the crosshairs of the theodolite 2, and obtains the reference value for northward navigation.

[0032] This technical solution utilizes an adjustable-height tripod 5 and an adjustable horizontal and vertical support 4 mounted on the tripod 5. A plane mirror 1 is placed on the support 4. This transforms the operation of raising the elevation angle when the collimating theodolite 2 aims at the astronomical reference 3 into a horizontal aiming operation of the collimating theodolite 2 and a dual-axis operation of the plane mirror 1, thus solving the problem that the collimating theodolite 2 can only aim at the astronomical reference 3 horizontally under specific usage conditions. The plane mirror 1 is placed in the opposite direction to the astronomical reference 3 selected by the north-pointing collimating theodolite 2. The collimating theodolite 2 is aligned with the plane mirror 1. After locking the horizontal angle of the plane mirror 1, the elevation angle of the plane mirror 1 is adjusted, allowing the collimating theodolite 2 to aim at the astronomical reference 3 without increasing the elevation angle, facilitating reference transfer in subsequent horizontal operations. The north-pointing reference value is obtained by using the horizontal reflected image of the astronomical reference 3 reflected from the plane mirror 1 when the collimating theodolite 2 is aimed horizontally, providing the collimating theodolite 2 with the conditions for use in a horizontal environment.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for aiming northwards, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: 1) Install the vertically set plane mirror (1) on the support (4) that can adjust the pitch angle and horizontal angle, and fix the support (4) to the upper plane of the height-adjustable tripod (5); 2) Place the tripod (5) in the opposite direction to the selected astronomical reference (3) of the collimating theodolite (2), and adjust the height of the tripod (5) so that the collimating theodolite (2) can be at eye level with the aiming plane mirror (1); 3) Adjust the height of the three legs of the tripod (5) respectively so that the two levels (6) fixed on the upper plane of the tripod (5) are in a horizontal state; 4) Adjust the horizontal and vertical angles of the collimating theodolite (2), and adjust the vertical and horizontal angles of the plane mirror (1) through the support (4) so ​​that the collimating theodolite (2) is collimated with the plane mirror (1), that is, the collimation direction (7) of the collimating theodolite (2) is consistent with the normal direction (8) of the plane mirror (1); 5) Lock the horizontal angle position of the plane mirror (1) in the state of step 4), adjust the elevation angle of the plane mirror (1), and under the action of the plane mirror (1), make the collimating theodolite (2) see the reflected image (9) of the astronomical reference (3) at the observation position; 6) Repeat steps 4) and 5) and observe whether the reflected image (9) of the astronomical reference (3) is at the center of the crosshairs of the collimator (2). If the requirements are met, the operation is completed; if not, proceed to the next step. 7) Move the plane mirror (1) horizontally along the geographical east-west direction and repeat steps 3) to 6) until the reflected image (9) of the astronomical reference (3) is at the center of the crosshairs of the collimating theodolite (2) at the observation position of the collimating theodolite (2).

2. The method for aiming north according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two levels (6) on the upper plane of the triangular bracket (5) are distributed perpendicularly to each other.

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