Deburring tool with deburring knives for deburring the edges of a hole

Abstract

Deburring tool for deburring a hole edge at a workpiece (18, 29), comprising at least one cutting tool (1) having at least one cutting section with at least one cutting edge (6, 7) with an associated relief (4) designed as a cutting portion (8), wherein the cutting edge (6, 7) is coupled with an associated control surface (5) designed as a non-cutting portion (9), wherein the cutting tool (1) is accommodated in a tool accommodation which can be rotated about a rotation axis (14) in at least one rotation direction (15), wherein the cutting edge (6, 7) transitions into a helically twisted surface (2) which forms a continuous transition from the cutting portion (8) to the non-cutting portion (9).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a deburring tool according to the preamble of claims 1 and 8, and a deburring knife for deburring the edges of holes. Background Technology

[0002] Deburring tools are used to remove burrs from most metal workpieces. Burrs are sharp edges or fragments that appear during machining or manufacturing. Deburring tools typically consist of a deburring blade, which is usually designed as a replaceable hard metal blade with a material-related coating.

[0003] For example, a deburring tool is known from the same applicant’s so-called COFA tool, which deburrs uneven hole edges by deburring forward and backward with a uniform radius shape. Typical applications of COFA deburring tools are fork-shaped parts, common rails, castings, pipes with transverse holes, and general workpieces with transverse holes in the main bore.

[0004] Other knives from the same applicant are known by names such as DEFA, GHS, SNAP, GHS, and DRALL.

[0005] EP 1 839 788 A1 discloses a deburring tool for deburring the edges of through holes in a workpiece, wherein the cutting surface at the deburring tool presents a negative angle in the direction toward the workpiece surface. The cutting geometry includes only a first cutting portion and a non-cutting control surface. The transition from the cutting portion to the non-cutting portion is discontinuous.

[0006] EP 2 208 566 B1 discloses a cutting tool for a cutting tool used in machining processes that are difficult to operate by hand. This cutting tool consists only of a cutting portion with a control surface that forms a transition edge toward the cutting portion. Therefore, the transition from the cutting portion to the non-cutting portion is discontinuous.

[0007] EP 0 370 210 A1 also discloses a deburring tool with a cutting edge for deburring the edges of through holes on both sides, wherein a sliding zone with an angle different from the cutting edge is provided on the axially outer portion of the cutting edge, which then transitions into a sliding radius formed on the end side of the cutting edge. However, this cutting edge only has a first cutting edge, so that only a limited chamfering or deburring quality can be achieved using this cutting edge.

[0008] EP 1 579 937 B1 discloses a deburring tool for deburring the edge of a hole, wherein the cutting tool has a cutting section with a first cutting edge, the first cutting edge being directly or indirectly connected to a second cutting edge, the second cutting edge being indirectly connected to a non-cutting back cutting edge through a transition section, the back cutting edge being radially rearward relative to the second cutting edge relative to the axis of rotation.

[0009] In EP 1 579 937 B1, the transition between the cutting and non-cutting portions is achieved through two surfaces, which inevitably form an arched transition surface. This leads to the following two disadvantages:

[0010] a) The manufacturing precision requirements for cutting tools are very high, especially the cutting edge and the back edge or control edge must be aligned to achieve the desired effect.

[0011] b) Depending on the material being processed, the dome may develop unwanted secondary burrs during chamfering or deburring. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a deburring tool with a cutting blade whose cutting geometry can be manufactured more simply and economically, while simultaneously improving the quality of chamfering or deburring.

[0013] To achieve the stated objectives, the present invention is characterized by the technical teachings of claims 1 and 8.

[0014] The main feature of this invention is that the cutting edge is provided with a helical twisted surface, which has a continuous transition from the cutting part to the non-cutting part.

[0015] The term "twist" or "twisted surface" can be understood as a twist or a surface with twist. A twisted surface is constructed in a helical or spiral shape. For example, such a surface appears when a torsional moment is applied to a flat surface or rod. As a result, the twisted surface has twist or arching, that is, the cross-section does not remain flat. A helical twisted surface can also be viewed as a spiral body, which has no edges or breaks, but only has a spiral and arching.

[0016] The twisted surface creates a continuous transition from the cutting to the non-cutting portion, which positively impacts the chamfering process and deburring quality. Another advantage of the twisted surface is that it is significantly simpler to manufacture, and thus the deburring tool can be made more economically.

[0017] In EP 1 579 937 B1, a transition section is formed between the second cutting edge and the non-cutting flank edge; that is, the transition section from the cutting portion to the non-cutting portion consists of two faces (flank face). (and control surface) are formed, wherein a wedge-shaped transition surface is simultaneously generated (see Figure 1A (Ref. 36 in the accompanying drawings). The transitions between the various surfaces are angled and therefore discontinuous. In contrast, in an embodiment according to the invention, the transitions are achieved solely by twisted surfaces, wherein the wedge-shaped transition surfaces are simultaneously eliminated or completely removed.

[0018] Therefore, the deburring tool according to the invention has a special cutting geometry, which is particularly well suited for deburring tools for forward and backward deburring (tools that rotate to the left and / or right), as well as chamfering tools and countersinking tools.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the deburring tool for deburring the edge of a hole at a workpiece has at least one cutting blade with at least one cutting section having at least one cutting edge and at least one control surface. The cutting blade is housed in a tool holder that is rotatable about a rotation axis in at least one rotational direction. The cutting blade is constructed such that the following description is based on the longitudinal centerline of the cutting blade's base:

[0020] • Viewed along the axial direction, the first cutting edge is first set as the boundary of the first flank face, wherein the first cutting edge is either strictly vertically oriented or has an angle relative to the vertical line. Large burrs to be removed from the edge of the hole are removed by the vertical first cutting edge.

[0021] Connected to the free front end of the vertical first cutting edge is a second cutting edge that points obliquely inward toward the longitudinal centerline and outward from the center of the cutting tool body. This second cutting edge serves as the boundary of the second flank face and has an arbitrary angle between the vertical first cutting edge and 0°. The chamfer is precisely machined using the inclined second cutting edge connected to it, i.e., the surface and angle of the enlarged hole are maintained with very high precision.

[0022] • The free front end of the second cutting edge of the cutting is connected to the tortuous surface according to the invention, which serves as the boundary of the control surface.

[0023] The cutting tool according to the invention preferably has a forward-pointing (referring to the relative motion with respect to the workpiece) cutting edge and a backward-pointing cutting edge. Therefore, the cutting tool is suitable not only for forward deburring but also for backward deburring. However, the invention is not limited thereto.

[0024] The invention can also be configured such that the cutting tool has a cutting edge according to the invention only on one side, and, for example, the cutting edge for deburring backwards can be eliminated.

[0025] The inventive subject matter of this invention is derived not only from the subject matter of each patent claim, but also from the combination of the subject matter of each patent claim with each other.

[0026] All information and features disclosed in the document, including the summary, and in particular the spatial configuration shown in the accompanying drawings, are required to be important to the invention, provided that they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art.

[0027] All descriptions and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, and especially the spatial configurations shown in the accompanying drawings, are important to the present invention and are claimed, provided that they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The invention is further illustrated below with the aid of the accompanying drawings, which show only one embodiment. Other features and advantages of the invention that are important to the invention will be apparent from the drawings and the description thereof. Wherein:

[0029] Figure 1A A cutting tool according to the prior art is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 A front perspective view of the cutting tool cutting forward and backward is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 The cut area, indicated by reference numeral X in FIG1, is shown in an enlarged illustration;

[0032] Figure 4 A top view of the cutting tool is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 The enlarged illustration shows the data from different angles. Figure 3 The cutting area is indicated by the reference numeral Y in the attached drawing;

[0034] Figure 6 A feasible basic shape for the twisted surface is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic illustration of twisting (torsion) is shown using a plane as an example of a basic shape;

[0036] Figure 8 A variant of the cutting tool is shown, which has only a first cutting section and a control surface for torsion from the neutral section to the non-cutting section;

[0037] Figure 9 A variant of the cutting tool is shown, which has only a torsion surface that acts continuously from the cutting part through the neutral part to the non-cutting part;

[0038] Figure 10 A variant of the cutting tool with an additional release face is shown;

[0039] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the cutting geometry is shown;

[0040] Figure 12 A top view of the cutting tool and a diagram illustrating the process steps of chamfering or deburring are shown;

[0041] Figure 13A schematic diagram of the twisted surface is shown; and

[0042] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the twisted surface and a diagram of the twist axis are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Figure 1A The detailed section of the cutting zone of a cutting tool 1 according to the prior art is shown. The cutting zone has a first cutting edge 6, and a flank face 3 extends behind the first cutting edge. The flank face 3 is used to leave the cutting edge 6.

[0044] The first cutting edge 6 is angled to the second cutting edge 7, which is also referred to below as the S-cutting edge. The flank face 3 associated with the first cutting edge 6 transitions into the flank face 4 associated with the second cutting edge 7. The two flank faces 3 and 4 extend rearward beyond the two cutting edges 6 and 7 so that cutting action can be achieved for the cutting edges. The inclined cutting edge 7 itself is constructed vertically and extends to the transition portion 38 in this vertical embodiment.

[0045] Cutting edges 6 and 7 can be applied in a straight or curved manner.

[0046] The second cutting edge 7 connects the lower back cutting edge 37 to the control surface 5; neither of these performs a cutting action. However, precise control of the cutting tool 1 is achieved through the control surface 5.

[0047] The control surface 5 is defined on one side by the back cutting edge 37 on one side of the cutting edges 6 and 7, and on the other side by the boundary of the wedge-shaped portion 36 on the circumferentially opposite side to one of the cutting edges 6 and 7 in the opposite rotation direction 15. The wedge-shaped portion is formed between the back cutting surface 4 and the control surface 5.

[0048] The wedge-shaped portion 36 serves as an interruption between two side-by-side surfaces 4 and 5, which are arranged relative to each other. Figure 1A The planes are offset from each other in height. Control plane 5 connects to sliding plane 35. The two planes 5 and 35 are separated from each other by an arc-shaped edge.

[0049] During deburring, the cutting edge 7 contacts the chamfer to be deburred. The cutting action of the cutting edge 7 ends only when the desired chamfer size 19 is obtained.

[0050] Figure 2 A cutting tool 1 having a cutting zone according to the present invention is shown. The cutting tool 1 has a body that can rotate about a rotation axis 14, for example, along a rotation direction 15.

[0051] exist Figure 2Only the cutting zone is shown. However, it is equally feasible for the cutting tool 1 to have two cutting zones for forward and backward deburring, wherein the two cutting zones are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the centerline. However, this is not necessary for the solution. For example, the cutting zone for forward deburring can be configured differently from the cutting zone for backward deburring.

[0052] The cutting tool 1 has a cutting zone with a first cutting edge 6 that acts along the main axial direction (in the direction of the arrow 12 pointing backward and / or the direction of the arrow 13 pointing forward) and performs the main cutting. Retracting behind the first cutting edge 6 is a flank face 3, which is used to leave the cutting edge 6 exposed. The cutting edge 6 is also referred to as the D-cutting edge and forms a vertical cutting surface through which a particularly aggressive cutting action is achieved with good efficiency.

[0053] The first cutting edge 6 connects to the second cutting edge 7 at an angle 20°. This angle 20° is variable. The deflected cutting edge 7 cuts with high precision because it enters the hole in the workpiece 18 at an angle.

[0054] The flank face 3 associated with the first cutting edge 6 transitions into the torsional (distorted) face 2 associated with the second cutting edge 7. The torsional face 2 is formed in a helical shape and replaces the... Figure 1A The back face 4, control face 5, and wedge-shaped portion 36 of (the prior art).

[0055] Therefore, the cutting tool 1 includes a first cutting edge 6 connected to a helically twisted surface 2, wherein the twisted surface has a second cutting edge 7, a cutting portion 8, and a non-cutting portion 9 based on its twist 25. Here, the non-cutting portion 9 corresponds to the prior art control surface 5, which causes the cutting tool 1 to retract in the direction of arrow 16.

[0056] The twist axis 39 extends in a generally orthogonal direction from the second cutting edge 7, and the twist surface 2 twists spirally around the twist axis. Preferably, the angle between the longitudinal extension of the second cutting edge 7 and the twist axis 30 is approximately 75-105°.

[0057] For the second cutting edge 7, the torsion axis 39 is approximately positioned in the middle. However, an off-center position of the torsion axis 39 is also feasible.

[0058] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2The detailed section X. The control surface is already a component of the twisted surface 2 and causes the tool to retract in the direction of arrow 16. Simultaneously, it limits the chamfering or deburring dimensions 19 in the workpiece 18. The second cutting edge 7 transitions to the actual control surface solely through the shared twisted surface 2, which has a cutting portion 8 and a non-cutting portion 9. Therefore, the twisted surface 2 has a continuous transition from the cutting portion 8 to the non-cutting portion 9 in the direction of arrow 11.

[0059] In the continuous transition section, the twisted surface 2 forms a neutral portion 10 relative to the deburring or chamfering to be produced along the arrow direction 11. Portion 10 precisely defines the transition from the cutting portion 8 to the non-cutting portion 9, wherein its position corresponds to the deburring or chamfering dimension 19 at the workpiece 18. The neutral portion 10 corresponds to the twist axis 39.

[0060] Figure 4 A workpiece 18 with a chamfer or deburring dimension 19 is shown opposite the cutting tool 1. The cutting tool 1 rotates about the axis of rotation 14 in the direction of rotation 15, extends in the direction of arrow 17, and retracts in the direction of arrow 16.

[0061] Twisted surface 2 connects to sliding surface 35. Sliding surface 35 does not undertake any cutting action, nor does it undertake any control function. The sliding surface is merely the tip of the cutting tool. Sliding surface 35 is arched to prevent damage when entering the hole of workpiece 18.

[0062] according to Figure 5 The first cutting edge 6, which mainly acts along the axial direction, forms an angle 20 of -30° to +30° with the horizontal plane. The torsional (twisted) surface 2 forms an angle 21 of greater than 0° with the horizontal plane, wherein, however, the angle 21 greater than angle 20 is less than 90°.

[0063] Figure 6 A twisted surface 2 is shown, which includes a plane 22 (rectangular, square, polygonal surface) or a cylindrical surface 23 or a pyramidal lateral surface shape 24 in its basic shape. The basic shapes 22, 23, or 24 are superimposed with twists 25, thereby forming the twisted surface 2. Therefore, the twisted surface 2 is a combination of the basic shapes 22, 23, 24 and the twists 25.

[0064] according to Figure 7 The twist (torsion) 25 divides the twisted surface 2 along the direction of arrow 11 from a cutting to a non-cutting part 8 and a non-cutting part 9. The transition between parts 8 and 9 is located in the region of the neutral part 10.

[0065] The second cutting edge 7, formed by the cutting portion 8 of the twisted surface 2, extends to the neutral portion 10. The twist angle 26 is between 0° and 30°.

[0066] The cutting area of ​​the cutting tool 1 mainly includes a first cutting edge 6 and a twisted surface 2, which forms a second cutting edge 7 and a cutting portion 8 and a non-cutting portion 9 based on its twist 25.

[0067] Figure 8 Another embodiment of the cutting tool 1 according to the invention is shown. The working cutting portion of the tool includes a first cutting edge 6 that acts primarily axially and a subsequent twisting surface 2, which continuously influences from the neutral portion 10 to the non-cutting portion 9. The second cutting edge 7 is omitted.

[0068] The chip removal groove 34 is located on the side of the cutting tool and is preferably formed in an arc shape.

[0069] Figure 9 Another embodiment of the cutting tool 1 according to the present invention is shown. The effective cutting portion of the cutting tool 1 includes only the twisted surface 2, which continuously influences the cutting portion 8 through the neutral portion 10 to the non-cutting portion 9. The first cutting edge 6 is omitted.

[0070] according to Figure 10 The non-cutting portion 9 of the twisted surface 2 can optionally be defined or removed at the front (end-side) cut angle by an additional surface 27. This improves the angular accuracy of the chamfer.

[0071] Figure 11 The cross-sectional diagrams AA to DD illustrate the function of the flank face 3 and the torsional (torsional) face 2 during the cutting process.

[0072] In particular, the cross-sectional diagram from BB to DD shows the function of the twisted surface 2 with its cutting portion 8, neutral portion 10 and non-cutting portion 9, which ensure a continuous transition from cutting to non-cutting.

[0073] The reference numerals 33a to 33e in the cross-sectional diagrams AA to DD indicate the time sequence or process steps of the chamfering or deburring process, such as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0074] Section AA shows the cutting characteristics of the first cutting edge 6, which is formed by face 3 and chip groove 34 along the axial direction 12.

[0075] In section BB, the second cutting edge 7, formed by the cutting portion 8 of the twisted surface 2 and the chip groove 34, plays a role. The second cutting edge 7, which performs the cutting action, extends only from the first cutting edge 6 to the neutral portion 10 of the twisted surface 2.

[0076] Section CC shows the neutral portion 10 of the twisted surface 2. At this point, the chamfering or deburring dimension 19 is reached, and the tool continuously transitions from the cutting state to the non-cutting state.

[0077] Section DD shows the non-cutting portion 9 of the twisted surface 2, which causes the tool to retract. This creates the desired chamfer 31 in the workpiece 18.

[0078] Figure 12 The chamfering or deburring process of the cutting tool 1 in process steps 33a to 33f is shown in a top view.

[0079] Figure 33a illustrates a chamfering or deburring process in which a first cutting edge 6, acting purely axially, engages with a workpiece 29.

[0080] In Figure 33b, the second cutting edge 7 immediately engages with the workpiece 29, wherein the cutting tool 1 moves axially in the direction of arrow 32. This causes the chamfering or deburring dimension 19 to gradually increase. According to Figure 33b, both cutting edges 6 and 7 perform cutting together.

[0081] In Figure 33c, the cutting tool 1 cuts into the workpiece 29, thereby engaging the neutral portion 10 of the twisted surface 2. At this portion, a chamfer or deburring dimension 19 is achieved, and the cutting tool 1 then changes its direction of motion 32, which is now parallel to the contour extension of the chamfer or deburring 31.

[0082] Figure 33d illustrates the next process step. At this point, the non-cutting portion 9 of the twisted surface 2 engages with the workpiece 29. The first cutting edge 6 and the second cutting edge 7 now complete the chamfering or deburring 31. The cutting tool 1 then extends along the non-cutting portion 9 of the twisted surface 2 in the direction of arrow 32, parallel to the contour of the chamfering or deburring 31.

[0083] In Figure 33e, the cutting tool 1 has completed the cutting of the entire chamfer or deburring 31. Here, only the non-cutting portion 9 of the twisted surface 2 remains engaged, and the tool clearance moves parallel to the chamfer or deburring profile along the arrow direction 32.

[0084] Figure 33f shows the final process step, in which the cutting tool 1 moves along the hole wall 30 through the workpiece 29 via the sliding surface 5.

[0085] Figure 13 A schematic illustration of the twisted surface 2 is shown. The twisted surface 2 is spirally twisted around the twist axis 39. A second cutting edge 7 is present at the leading end, which connects the cutting portion 8 and the non-cutting portion 9. The neutral portion 10 is the twist axis 39, around which the cutting portion 8 and the non-cutting portion 9 twist.

[0086] The cutting portion 8 corresponds to the flank face 4 of the prior art, and the non-cutting portion 9 corresponds to the control face 5 of the prior art. Crucially, the transition between the cutting portion 8 and the non-cutting portion 9 is continuous. This means that, unlike the prior art, there are no edges or interruptions.

[0087] Figure 14 Another illustration of the twisted surface 2 is shown. Surface 2 is twisted around the twist axis 39 by a twist 25 at a twist angle 26. Connected to the second cutting edge 7 on the edge side, which has no edge and is in the case of a continuous transition, are the cutting portion 8 and the non-cutting portion 9.

[0088] List of reference numerals

[0089] 1. Cutting tool

[0090] 2. Twisted (torsional) surface

[0091] 3. First cutting edge on the flank face

[0092] 4. Back face (S)

[0093] 5. Control Surface

[0094] 6. First cutting edge

[0095] 7. Second cutting edge

[0096] 8. The cutting portion of the twisted (torsional) surface 2

[0097] 9. The non-cutting portion of the torsion (distortion) surface 2

[0098] 10. Neutral portion of twisted (torsional) surface 2

[0099] 11. Arrow direction

[0100] 12. The arrow points backward along the axial direction.

[0101] 13. The arrow points forward along the axial direction.

[0102] 14. Rotation axis

[0103] 15. Direction of rotation

[0104] 16. Arrow direction retracts

[0105] 17. Extend in the direction of the arrow.

[0106] 18. Workpiece

[0107] 19. Chamfer dimensions or deburring dimensions

[0108] 20. Angle (first cutting edge)

[0109] 21. Angle (Twist Surface)

[0110] 22. Plane

[0111] 23. Columnar shape

[0112] 24. Side view of a cone

[0113] 25. Twist (torture)

[0114] 26. Angle of twist (torsion angle)

[0115] 27. Additional back face

[0116] 28. The direction of the arrows on the timeline

[0117] 29. Workpiece

[0118] 30. Hole wall

[0119] 31. Chamfering and deburring

[0120] 32. Arrow direction of tool movement

[0121] 33a to 33f. Process steps: chamfering or deburring.

[0122] 34. Chip removal groove

[0123] 35. Sliding surface

[0124] 36. Wedge-shaped part

[0125] 37. Back edge

[0126] 38. Transition section

[0127] 39. Twisted axis.

Claims

1. A deburring tool, used to deburr the edges of holes at (18, 29) on a workpiece, wherein, At least one cutting tool (1) is accommodated in a tool housing that is rotatable about a rotation axis (14) in at least one rotation direction (15), wherein the cutting tool has at least one cutting section having at least one first cutting edge (6) and at least one second cutting edge (7), wherein the second cutting edge (7) is associated with a flank face (4) configured as a cutting portion (8), and the second cutting edge (7) is associated with a control surface (5) configured as a non-cutting portion (9), wherein the second cutting edge (7) transitions into a helical twisted surface (2) forming a continuous transition from the cutting portion (8) to the non-cutting portion (9), characterized in that the second cutting edge (7) is directly angularly connected to the first cutting edge (6), and the first cutting edge (6) has an associated flank face (3) that transitions into the twisted surface (2) associated with the second cutting edge (7).

2. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool (1) has two cutting sections for deburring forward and deburring backward, wherein the two cutting sections are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the centerline.

3. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The twist axis (39) extends in a generally orthogonal direction from the second cutting edge (7), and the twist surface (2) twists around the twist axis in a spiral manner by twist (25).

4. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The twisted surface (2) forms a second cutting edge (7) and a non-cutting portion (9) based on its twist (25), the non-cutting portion being constructed as a control surface.

5. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous transition portion of the twisted surface (2) has a neutral portion (10) that defines the transition from the cutting portion (8) to the non-cutting portion (9), wherein the neutral portion (10) corresponds to the position of the deburring or chamfering dimension (19) at the workpiece (18, 29).

6. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The twisted surface (2) has a polygonal shape (22), a columnar shape (23), or a conical side surface shape (24) as its basic shape, which is superimposed with a twist (25).

7. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-cutting portion (9) of the twisted surface (2) is defined or cleared by an additional surface (27) at the lower corner of the front end of the cutting tool (1), thereby improving the angular accuracy of the chamfer.

8. The deburring dagger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting edges (6, 7) extend in a straight or arc shape.

9. A deburring tool for deburring the edges of holes at workpieces (18, 29), characterized in that, It has a deburring dagger according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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