A surgical instrument for spinal hemisection injury modeling

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of surgical instrument for spinal cord hemisection injury modeling, including handle and movable blade;Handle includes handle main body and the support arm fixed to its front end, handle main body and support arm are equipped with respectively for movable blade push in or push out sliding slot, support arm has the first arc surface that is in line with the outer wall of spinal cord;Movable blade includes flexible blade and three-face blade that can be respectively pushed in or pushed out from the sliding slot of support arm and handle main body;Flexible blade is connected with handle main body by connecting rod, and connecting rod has the second arc surface that is matched with the outer wall of spinal cord;Three-face blade includes plane blade and a pair of arc blade fixed to the front half portion thereof, and the plane of plane blade and arc blade is respectively parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of spinal cord, when movable blade is completely pushed out from handle, its cutting edge is in line with the inner circumferential surface of flexible blade, forms a half cylinder or quasi-half cylinder space.The utility model can realize accurate, quantitative spinal cord resection, reach the requirement of standardization model preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of spinal cord injury modeling tool preparation technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument for spinal cord hemisection injury modeling. Background Technology

[0002] Standardized animal models of spinal cord injury are fundamental to understanding the disease mechanisms of spinal cord injury and evaluating the efficacy of interventions. Currently, standardized preparation methods have been established for animal models of complete spinal cord transection, impact, and crush injuries. However, for hemisection injury models requiring quantitative resection of spinal cord tissue, the lack of suitable intraoperative instruments leads to diverse operational methods during model preparation, resulting in significant differences in efficacy and a lack of comparability and uniformity in experimental results. While microsurgical scissors (Hu Wei, Guan Fangxia, Sun Jianrui, Tang Youjia, Yang Feng, Li Yuan, Yang Bo. Quantitative hemisection knife improves rat spinal cord hemisection block defect model [J]. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2012, 26(04):416-420.), self-made ultra-thin blades (Zhang Xianghong, Wang Liyan, Guo Yuji, Han Aiqing. Establishment and evaluation of mouse spinal cord injury hemisection model [J]. Chinese Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 2018, 27(05):465-470.), hemisection scissors (CN 216777281U), shears (CN 103263307A), and detachable hemisection modeling device (CN 105105864A) can achieve hemisection of the spinal cord, they also have problems such as cutting the injury site multiple times, not being able to cut the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord simultaneously, and inconsistent length of the gap between the cut ends after transection, which limit their practical use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, this disclosure provides a surgical instrument for creating a model of spinal cord hemisection injury, which can achieve precise and quantitative spinal cord resection and meet the requirements for standardized model preparation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This disclosure provides a surgical instrument for creating a model of a spinal cord hemisection injury, including a handle and a movable blade that can be pushed in or pushed out from the handle;

[0007] The handle includes a handle body and a support arm fixed to the front end of the handle body. The handle body and the support arm are respectively provided with sliding grooves for pushing or pushing the movable blade in and out, and the support arm has a first arc surface that fits against the outer wall of the spinal cord.

[0008] The movable blade includes a flexible blade that can be pushed or pushed out from the groove of the support arm and a three-sided blade that can be pushed or pushed out from the groove of the handle body. The flexible blade is connected to the handle body via a connecting rod. During the process of the flexible blade being pushed or pushed out from the handle body, the inner circumferential surface of the flexible blade is in contact with the outer wall of the spinal cord. The connecting rod has a second arc surface that matches the outer wall of the spinal cord. The three-sided blade includes a flat blade at the bottom and a pair of arc-shaped blades symmetrically fixed to the front half of the flat blade. The plane of the flat blade is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord, and the plane of the arc-shaped blades is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord. When the movable blade is fully pushed out from the handle, the cutting edges of the flat blade and the arc-shaped blades are both in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the flexible blade, forming a semi-cylindrical or semi-cylindrical space.

[0009] In some embodiments, the handle body is a double-layer composite structure, wherein the hollow layer is used to accommodate the planar blade, and the handle body is provided with a first groove for the arc-shaped blade to slide and a second groove for the planar blade to slide, and the support arm is provided with a third groove for the flexible blade to slide.

[0010] In some embodiments, the front end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rear end of the flexible blade, the rear end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a first push handle that can slide within the second groove, and the rear half of the planar blade is fixedly connected to a second push handle that can slide within the second groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, a hole is provided in the middle of the handle body to push the rear end of the flat blade.

[0012] 5. In some embodiments, a pair of support arms are symmetrically provided at the front end of the handle body, and the first arc surface and the second arc surface are both 1 / 4 arc surfaces.

[0013] In some embodiments, the front end of the flexible blade is the cutting edge, and the sides are not sealed; the front end of the flat blade is the cutting edge, and the arc-shaped end of the arc-shaped blade is the cutting edge.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness of the flexible blade is 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, when the arc-shaped blade is connected to the flat blade, the lower surface of the flat blade should be a flat surface without protrusions.

[0016] In some embodiments, the spacing between a pair of curved blades is set according to the length of the spinal cord to be cut.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the movable blade needs to be pushed out, the flexible blade is first pushed out of the support arm to a designated position, and then the three-sided blade is pushed out of the handle body and comes into contact with the flexible blade. After the cutting is completed, the flexible blade and the three-sided blade are pushed into the support arm and the handle body respectively.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0019] This disclosure provides a surgical instrument for creating a model of spinal cord hemisection injury. Operated via a connecting rod, a retractable flexible blade slides into the lamina to adapt to different spinal cord curvatures. A U-shaped three-sided blade, formed by two curved blades and a flat bottom blade, rapidly cuts the spinal cord in a vertical plane, achieving a single, quantitative hemisection of the spinal cord both longitudinally and laterally. Furthermore, the three-sided blade and the flexible blade can completely conform to form a closed space, allowing for the complete removal of the excised spinal cord tissue. This achieves precise and quantitative spinal cord resection, meeting the requirements for standardized model preparation. Specifically, it is characterized by:

[0020] (1) The surgical instruments of this disclosure adopt an integrated structure and have the excellent characteristics of being lightweight, portable and easy to operate.

[0021] (2) The embodiments disclosed herein employ a telescopic sliding, deformable blade structure, which can adapt to different types of spinal canal lateral wall curvature and effectively wrap the spinal cord lateral wall and abdominal wall. The three-sided blade structure allows for single, rapid, and simultaneous cutting of the spinal cord, avoiding the shortcomings of previous instruments that required single multi-directional cutting or multiple cuttings of the same location, thus improving the uniformity of modeling.

[0022] (3) All movable blades in the embodiments of this disclosure can be disassembled by themselves, which facilitates later maintenance and quick disassembly and assembly.

[0023] (4) The three-blade structure in this embodiment can quantitatively remove half of the spinal cord tissue of the corresponding length according to the actual modeling requirements, so as to realize the construction of a standardized spinal cord injury half-cut model. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surgical instrument for creating a model of spinal cord hemisection injury provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the surgical instruments shown;

[0026] Figure 3 In the figures a and b, respectively, are a perspective view and a side view of the handle of the surgical instrument provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 4In the figures a and b, respectively, are a perspective view and a side view of the flexible blade in the movable blade of the surgical instrument provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5 In the figures a and b, respectively, are perspective and side views of the three-sided blade of the movable blade of the surgical instrument provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the surgical instrument provided in this embodiment when the movable blade is fully extended from the handle;

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Laminaria;

[0032] 2. Spinal cord;

[0033] 3. Handle; 31. Handle body; 311. First slide groove; 312. Second slide groove; 313. Hole; 32. Support arm; 321. Third slide groove; 322. First arc surface;

[0034] 41. Flexible blade, 42. Connecting rod, 421. Second arc surface, 43. First push handle, 44. Three-sided blade, 441. Flat blade, 442. Arc blade, 443. Second push handle. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0036] Conversely, this application covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods, and schemes made within the spirit and scope of this application as defined by the claims. Furthermore, to provide the public with a better understanding of this application, certain specific details are described in detail below. However, this application can be fully understood by those skilled in the art even without these detailed descriptions.

[0037] The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are solely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of this application and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, provided they do not affect the effectiveness or purpose of this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of this application. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this application's implementation.

[0038] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 This disclosure provides a surgical instrument for creating a model of spinal cord hemisection injury, achieving hemisection of the spinal cord 2 located within the lamina 1. For ease of description, the end of the surgical instrument facing the spinal cord 2 is designated as the anterior end, the end facing away from the spinal cord 2 as the posterior end, and the remaining four sides as the posterior left, right, upper, and lower sides, respectively. The surgical instrument of this embodiment includes a handle 3 and a movable blade that can be pushed in or pushed out from the handle 3; wherein...

[0039] The handle 3 includes a handle body 31 and a pair of support arms 32 symmetrically fixed to the front end of the handle body 31. The handle body 31 and the support arms 32 are respectively provided with sliding grooves for the movable blade to be pushed in or pushed out, and the support arms 32 have a first arc surface 322 that fits against the outer wall of the spinal cord 2.

[0040] The movable blade includes a flexible blade 41 that can be pushed or pushed out from a groove in the support arm 32 and a three-sided blade 44 that can be pushed or pushed out from a groove in the handle body 31. The flexible blade 41 is connected to the handle body 31 via a pair of connecting rods 42. During the process of pushing or pushing the flexible blade 41 into or out of the handle body 31, the outer peripheral surface of the flexible blade 41 is in contact with the inner wall of the vertebral lamina 1. The front end of the connecting rod 42 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the flexible blade 41, and the rear end of the connecting rod 42 is fixedly connected to a first push handle 43 that can slide within a groove in the handle body 31. The connecting rod 42 also has a first push handle 43 that matches the outer wall of the spinal cord 2. The two-circular-arc surface 421; the three-sided blade 44 includes a flat blade 441 located at the bottom and a pair of arc-shaped blades 442 symmetrically fixed to the front half of the flat blade 441. The plane of the flat blade 441 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord 2, and the plane of the arc-shaped blades 442 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord 2. The rear half of the flat blade 441 is fixedly connected to a second push handle 443 that can slide in the groove of the handle body 31. When the movable blade is fully pushed out from the handle 3, the cutting edges of the flat blade 441 and the cutting edges of the arc-shaped blades 442 are both in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the flexible blade 41, forming a semi-cylindrical or semi-cylindrical space.

[0041] In some embodiments, the entire surgical instrument is made of metal; or the blade is made of materials commonly used in surgical scalpels, such as pure titanium, titanium alloy, stainless steel, or carbon steel, while the handle, connecting rod, and push handle are made of materials such as stainless steel or plastic that meet the requirements of surgical casings.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 In sections a and b, the handle 3 serves as the skeleton of the entire surgical instrument, integrally formed from the handle body 31 and a pair of support arms 32 symmetrically fixed to the front end of the handle body 31. The handle body 31 has a double-layer composite structure, with a hollow layer for accommodating the flat blade 441 among the three-sided blades 44. The handle body 31 is provided with a first groove 311 for sliding each of the arc-shaped blades 442 among the three-sided blades 44 (one arc-shaped blade 442 slides within a corresponding first groove 311) and a second groove 312 for sliding the flat blades 441 among the three-sided blades 44. The first groove 311 is located near the left and right sides of the handle body 31, and the second groove 312 is located on the left and right sides of the handle body 31 and communicates with the hollow layer of the handle body 31. A pair of support arms 32 are arc-shaped structures located on the left and right sides of the front end of the handle body 31, and the first arc surface 322 on the support arm 32 is in contact with the outer wall of the back side of the spinal cord 2 (specifically, the first arc surface 322 is a 1 / 4 arc surface in contact with the outer wall of the back side of the spinal cord 2). Each support arm 32 is provided with a third groove 321, and the left and right sides of the flexible blade 41 extend into the corresponding third groove 321.

[0043] In some embodiments, see Figure 4In sections a and b, the flexible blade 41 of the movable blade has deformable characteristics to adapt to different types of spinal canal lateral wall curvature. Specifically, driven by the connecting rod 42, the flexible blade 41 enters and exits the lamina 1 through the gap between the lamina 1 and the spinal cord 2. Based on the deformable characteristics of the flexible blade 41, its outer peripheral surface remains in contact with the inner wall of the lamina 1 during entry and exit. The tip of the flexible blade 41 is a sharp cutting surface, i.e., a cutting edge, to ensure that the flexible blade 41 can effectively and quickly cut the spinal nerve roots connected to the spinal cord 2 when it is extended. The left and right ends of the flexible blade 41 are not sealed to avoid additional cutting damage to the spinal cord 2 due to operator error, such as unstable instrument holding, which could lead to uneven modeling. The thickness of the flexible blade 41 should be less than the gap between the spinal canal 1 and the spinal cord 2, generally set to 0.2mm to 1.0mm. The rear end of the flexible blade 41 is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting rod 42 by rivets or screws. The rear end of the connecting rod 42 is fixedly connected to the first push handle 43 by rivets or screws. The first push handle 43 can slide in the second slide groove 312 of the handle body 31. The second arc surface 421 on the connecting rod 42 is in contact with the outer wall of the spinal cord 2 (specifically, the second arc surface 421 is a 1 / 4 arc surface in contact with the outer wall of the spinal cord 2). Preferably, the connecting rod 42 is located on the outside of the support arm 32, and the arc blade 442 is located on the inside of the support arm 32.

[0044] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 In sections a and b, the three-sided blade 44 of the movable blade is located at the rear end of the flexible blade 41. It consists of a flat blade 441 and a pair of curved blades 442 at the bottom. The flat blade 441 has a fixing hole for fixing the curved blades 442. The bottom of the curved blades 442 is connected to the fixing hole on the flat blade 441 by a snap fastener. The lower surface of the flat blade 441 should be a flat surface without protrusions. The front end of the flat blade 441 is a sharp cutting surface, and the curved end of the curved blades 442 is also a sharp cutting surface. The plane of the curved blades 442 is parallel to the direction of movement of the movable blade and perpendicular to the plane of the flat blades 441. That is, the three-sided blade 44 has a concave cross-section. The spacing between the pair of curved blades 442 is set according to the length of the spinal cord 2 to be cut. Second push handles 443 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the flat blade 441. Pushing the second push handles 443 towards the spinal cord 2 allows the flat blade 441 to slide within the second groove 312 of the handle body 31, while simultaneously allowing the curved blade 442 to slide within the first groove 311 of the handle body 31. When it is necessary to push the movable blade into the handle 3, pushing the first push handle 43 away from the spinal cord 2 will simultaneously send the flexible blade 41 and the three-sided blade 44 into the corresponding grooves of the handle 3.

[0045] Furthermore, considering the possibility that the second push handle 443 may not slide smoothly in the second slide groove 312 of the handle body 31, the rear end of the flat blade 441 of the three-sided blade 44 is manually pushed through the hole 313 in the middle of the handle body 31 to ensure smooth sliding of the movable blade.

[0046] The following example, using a rat spinal cord hemisection injury model, illustrates the specific working process of the surgical instruments provided in this embodiment:

[0047] According to the experimental design requirements, the lamina 1 on the dorsal side of the rat spinal cord 2 was removed. The surgical instrument of this embodiment was placed vertically and gently above the segment of spinal cord 2 to be removed. The first push handle 43 was pushed to push the flexible blade 41 out from the third groove 321 of the arm 32, which entered along the gap between the dorsal side of the spinal cord 2 and the lamina 1, and closely adhered to the inner wall of the vertebral canal 1, along the lateral wall of the spinal cord 2 to the ventral 1 / 2 (i.e., the ventral midline fissure). After confirming the location of the spinal cord transverse section, the second push handle 443 was pushed to push the three-sided blade 44 vertically and quickly out from the first groove 311 and the second groove 312 of the handle body 31, quickly cutting from the dorsal side of the spinal cord 2 to the ventral side. At the same time, the three-sided blade 44 adhered to the left and right sides and the front end of the flexible blade 41, achieving a 2mm semi-transverse cut of the spinal cord. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 When the movable blade is fully extended from the handle 3, the space formed by the three-sided blade 44 and the flexible blade 41 is semi-cylindrical or semi-cylindrical. In this embodiment, by having the flexible blade enter first and the three-sided blade enter later, the surgeon can effectively observe the resection segment and the condition of the spinal cord itself during operation and adjust the segment according to actual needs. Finally, the first push handle 43 and the second push handle 443 are retracted together to complete the en bloc resection of the hemi-transverse spinal cord.

[0048] It is understood that the surgical instrument provided in this disclosure uses a sliding blade to cut the spinal cord. The sliding blade can form a semi-cylindrical or near-cylindrical space that matches the half-cut surface of the spinal cord to be cut, which can achieve precise quantitative removal of the corresponding length of spinal cord tissue, achieve consistency in the longitudinal gap length of the transverse section, and meet the standardized requirements for spinal cord hemisection injury modeling for spinal cord defects. In addition, the surgical instrument adopts an integrated structure and has excellent characteristics of being lightweight, portable, and easy to operate.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0050] Although examples of the invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above examples are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above examples within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for creating a model of spinal cord hemisection injury, characterized in that, Includes a handle and a movable blade that can be pushed in or pushed out from the handle; The handle includes a handle body and a support arm fixed to the front end of the handle body. The handle body and the support arm are respectively provided with sliding grooves for the movable blade to be pushed in or pushed out, and the support arm has a first arc surface that fits against the outer wall of the spinal cord. The movable blade includes a flexible blade that can be pushed in or pushed out from the groove of the support arm and a three-sided blade that can be pushed in or pushed out from the groove of the handle body; the flexible blade is connected to the handle body via a connecting rod, and during the process of the flexible blade being pushed in or pushed out from the handle body, the inner circumferential surface of the flexible blade is in contact with the outer wall of the spinal cord. The connecting rod has a second arc surface that matches the outer wall of the spinal cord; the three-sided blade includes a flat blade at the bottom and a pair of arc-shaped blades symmetrically fixed to the front half of the flat blade. The plane of the flat blade is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord, and the plane of the arc-shaped blade is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord. When the movable blade is fully extended from the handle, the cutting edges of the flat blade and the arc-shaped blade are both in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the flexible blade, forming a semi-cylindrical or semi-cylindrical space.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handle body has a double-layer composite structure, in which the hollow layer is used to accommodate the flat blade, and the handle body is provided with a first groove for the arc-shaped blade to slide and a second groove for the flat blade to slide, and the support arm is provided with a third groove for the flexible blade to slide.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rear end of the flexible blade, the rear end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the first push handle that can slide in the second groove, and the rear half of the flat blade is fixedly connected to the second push handle that can slide in the second groove.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hole is provided in the middle of the handle body to push the rear end of the flat blade.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the handle body is symmetrically provided with a pair of support arms, and the first arc surface and the second arc surface are both 1 / 4 arc surfaces.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the flexible blade is the cutting edge, and the two sides are not sealed. The front end of the flat blade is the cutting edge, and the arc-shaped end of the arc-shaped blade is the cutting edge.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the flexible blade is 0.2mm to 1.0mm.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the curved blade is connected to the flat blade, the lower surface of the flat blade should be a flat surface without any protrusions.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between a pair of curved blades is set according to the length of the spinal cord to be cut.

10. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, When the movable blade needs to be pushed out, the flexible blade is first pushed out of the support arm to the designated position, and then the three-sided blade is pushed out of the handle body and put into contact with the flexible blade. After the cutting is completed, the flexible blade and the three-sided blade are pushed into the support arm and the handle body respectively.

Images