Combined modifier for magnesite single direct flotation, flotation method

Abstract

The application provides a combined modifier for single positive flotation of magnesite and a flotation method. The raw materials of the combined modifier include gum arabic, malic acid and pentetic acid, can simultaneously exhibit good inhibition effect on calcium-containing gangue and silicon-containing gangue, and have the effects of dispersing ore pulp and stabilizing foam, can eliminate the influence of clay mineral sliming, further improve the quality of magnesite concentrate, and the use of the combined modifier does not affect the collecting performance of the collector on the magnesite; the magnesite flotation process based on the combined modifier can obtain high-quality magnesite concentrate through single positive flotation operation, and solves the problem that the existing reverse flotation-positive flotation combined process is relatively complex.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of magnesite flotation separation technology, specifically relating to a combined modifier for single positive flotation of magnesite and a single positive flotation method for magnesite. Background Technology

[0002] Magnesite is a magnesium carbonate mineral with the chemical composition MgCO3. After processing, magnesite can be used in industry to produce high-temperature furnaces and kilns, as well as high-temperature and corrosion-resistant refractory materials. It is widely used in building materials, chemicals, agriculture, animal husbandry, papermaking, aerospace, automotive, and environmental protection industries. Magnesite is a valuable mineral resource in my country; however, with the continuous exploitation of rich ore deposits in recent years, magnesite resources have become increasingly "poor, fine, and complex," making mining more difficult year by year. Magnesite used for beneficiation is now mainly low-grade ore. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve magnesite beneficiation technology to meet the demands of development.

[0003] Flotation is a method of separating magnesite and gangue minerals by utilizing the differences in their surface physicochemical properties. It is the primary means of purifying magnesite in my country, and most concentrators in the country use flotation to separate magnesite, such as those in Dashiqiao and Haicheng. Gangue minerals in magnesite are mainly divided into two categories: calcium-bearing minerals and silicon-bearing minerals. Calcium-bearing gangue minerals include dolomite and calcite, while silicate minerals include quartz, talc, and serpentine. In the actual flotation of magnesite ore, a large number of flotation tests are usually conducted based on the types and contents of gangue minerals to determine the specific flotation process and reagent regime.

[0004] The common flotation process for magnesite is a combined reverse flotation-direct flotation process. This process typically uses amine collectors for reverse flotation desilication, followed by fatty acid collectors for direct flotation of the magnesite. However, this combined process is relatively complex, and the reagents used in the first-step reverse flotation can affect the enrichment of magnesite in the second-step direct flotation, thus impacting the quality of the magnesite concentrate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve all or part of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a combined modifier for single positive flotation of magnesite, wherein the raw materials of the combined modifier include gum arabic, malic acid and pentiformic acid.

[0007] The inventors discovered that gum arabic has a strong inhibitory effect on silicate minerals such as talc, but its inhibitory effect on calcium-containing minerals such as dolomite and calcite is not ideal. Through experiments, it was found that combining it with pentilic acid can improve the inhibition of quartz. The combined modifier after further adding malic acid also showed a good inhibitory effect on calcium-containing carbonate minerals such as dolomite and calcite. At the same time, the combined modifier also has the functions of dispersing slurry and stabilizing foam, which can eliminate the influence of clay mineral mud formation and further improve the quality of magnesite concentrate. The combined modifier does not affect the collector's collecting performance on magnesite and is particularly suitable for use in fatty acid collector systems. Based on the fact that this combined modifier can expand the hydrophobicity difference between magnesite and silicon-containing and calcium-containing gangue minerals, magnesite concentrate can be obtained through a single positive flotation operation, solving the problem of the complexity of the combined reverse flotation-positive flotation process in the existing technology.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of gum arabic, malic acid, and pentiform acid in the combined modifier is (20-60):(30-70):(5-20).

[0009] In some embodiments, the total mass concentration of gum arabic, malic acid, and pentiform acid in the combined modifier is 0.5-6%.

[0010] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the combined modifier includes: dissolving the gum arabic, malic acid, and pentiform acid in an alkaline solution to obtain the combined modifier.

[0011] Further, the gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin are mixed with an alkaline solution of 20wt%-35wt%, and stirred at 1000-1500 r / min at a temperature above 75°C until the gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin are completely dissolved to obtain the combined modifier. The alkali includes, for example, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, but is not limited to these.

[0012] The second objective of this invention is to provide the application of the combined modifier described in any of the above technical solutions in the flotation of magnesite, wherein the gangue minerals of the magnesite include one or more of talc, quartz, dolomite, and calcite.

[0013] The third objective of this invention is to provide a single positive flotation method for magnesite, the single positive flotation method comprising: crushing magnesite to prepare a slurry, and then adding at least one of the combined modifiers and collectors described in the above technical solutions to the slurry for positive flotation; the gangue minerals of the magnesite include one or more of talc, quartz, dolomite, and calcite.

[0014] In some embodiments, the single positive flotation method for magnesite includes: grinding and adjusting the magnesite in sequence to obtain a slurry; adjusting the pH of the slurry to 9-10; and adding the combined modifier and collector in sequence to the slurry with the adjusted pH to perform primary positive flotation to obtain magnesite rough concentrate and rougher tailings.

[0015] In some embodiments, the minerals with a fineness of -74 micrometers (i.e., below 74 micrometers) account for 60%-85% of the slurry.

[0016] In some embodiments, the mass concentration of solid minerals in the slurry is 35%-50%.

[0017] In some embodiments, during the initial positive flotation, the amount of the combined modifier added is 500-2000 g / t. Where g / t is calculated based on the dry weight of the combined modifier and t is calculated based on the dry weight of the magnesite ore sample.

[0018] In some embodiments, the amount of collector added during the initial positive flotation is 800-1500 g / t.

[0019] In some embodiments, the collector includes fatty acid collectors.

[0020] Furthermore, the collector includes one or more of sodium oleate, lauric acid, and other fatty acid collectors.

[0021] In some embodiments, the single positive flotation method further includes performing one or more fine cleaning processes on the obtained magnesite rough concentrate to obtain magnesite concentrate; wherein in the fine cleaning process, the total amount of the combined modifier added is 500-1500 g / t, and the amount of the collector added is 500-1000 g / t.

[0022] In some embodiments, the single positive flotation method further includes performing one or more scavenging processes on the obtained roughing tailings to obtain the final tailings; wherein in each scavenging process, the amount of the combined modifier added is 100-600 g / t, and the amount of the collector added is 100-500 g / t.

[0023] In some embodiments, after adding the combined modifier to the slurry and stirring for 2-5 minutes, the collector is then added.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0025] The combined modifier provided by this invention exhibits good inhibition effects on both calcium-containing gangue and silica-containing gangue; the combined modifier also has the functions of dispersing slurry and stabilizing foam, which can eliminate the influence of clay mineral mudification and further improve the quality of magnesite concentrate; and the use of the combined modifier does not affect the collecting performance of the collector on magnesite.

[0026] The magnesite flotation process based on the aforementioned combined modifier can obtain high-quality magnesite concentrate through a single positive flotation operation, solving the problem that the combined reverse flotation-positive flotation process in the prior art is relatively complex.

[0027] Compared with existing modifiers such as water glass and sodium hexametaphosphate, the combined modifier provided by this invention can achieve good flotation effect with a smaller dosage, and is easy to degrade, resulting in less environmental pollution. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention. The specific functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but are merely intended to form the basis of the claims and to teach those skilled in the art to employ the representative basis of the invention in different ways in any suitable detailed embodiment.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and raw materials used in this invention are commercially available.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The three components, gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin, were added to a 20% sodium hydroxide solution at a mass ratio of 40:50:10. The mixture was stirred at 1000 r / min for 10 min at 80°C to obtain a combined modifier with a mass concentration of 2% (i.e., the total concentration of gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin in the sodium hydroxide solution was 2%), denoted as YHJ.

[0032] The method for achieving desilication and decalcification of magnesite by single positive flotation using the above-mentioned combined modifiers includes:

[0033] Magnesite was ground to -74 micrometers using a ball mill, accounting for 65% of the total. The main components of the magnesite used in this embodiment, by weight percentage, are: MgO 30.58%, SiO2 0.45%, and CaO 16.10%.

[0034] The ground ore sample was adjusted to a mass concentration of 35% to obtain the ore slurry;

[0035] Adjust the pH of the slurry to 9;

[0036] The prepared combined modifier was added to the slurry, and after stirring for 3 minutes, sodium oleate collector was added. A roughing process was performed to obtain magnesite rough concentrate and roughing tailings. The obtained magnesite rough concentrate was then subjected to two cleaning processes to obtain magnesite concentrate. The roughing tailings were then subjected to a scavenging process to obtain the final tailings. The amount of combined modifier and sodium oleate collector added during the roughing, cleaning, and scavenging processes, as well as their effects, are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The three components, gum arabic, malic acid, and pentiform acid, were added to a 20% sodium hydroxide solution at a mass ratio of 30:50:20. The mixture was stirred at 1000 r / min for 10 min at 90°C to obtain a 5% mass concentration (i.e., the total mass concentration of gum arabic, malic acid, and pentiform acid in the solution was 5%), denoted as YHJ.

[0039] The method for achieving desilication and decalcification of magnesite by single positive flotation using the above-mentioned combined modifiers includes:

[0040] Magnesite was ground to -74 micrometers using a ball mill, accounting for 65% of the total. The main components of the magnesite used in this embodiment, by weight percentage, are: MgO 40.17%, SiO2 1.20%, and CaO 8.51%.

[0041] The ground ore sample was mixed to a mass concentration of 40% to obtain the ore slurry;

[0042] Adjust the pH of the slurry to 9.5;

[0043] The prepared combined modifier was added to the slurry, and after stirring for 3 minutes, sodium oleate collector was added. A roughing process was performed to obtain magnesite rough concentrate and roughing tailings. The obtained magnesite rough concentrate was then subjected to two cleaning processes to obtain magnesite concentrate. The roughing tailings were then subjected to a scavenging process to obtain the final tailings. The amount of combined modifier and sodium oleate collector added during the roughing, cleaning, and scavenging processes, as well as their effects, are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] The three components, gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin, were added to a 20% sodium hydroxide solution at a mass ratio of 20:70:10. The mixture was stirred at 1000 r / min for 10 min at 75°C to obtain a combined modifier with a mass concentration of 2.5% (i.e., the total mass concentration of gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin in the solution was 2.5%), denoted as YHJ.

[0046] The method for achieving desilication and decalcification of magnesite by single positive flotation using the above-mentioned combined modifiers includes:

[0047] Magnesite was ground to -74 micrometers using a ball mill, accounting for 70% of the total. The main components of the magnesite used in this embodiment, by weight percentage, are: MgO 39.87%, SiO2 1.36%, and CaO 7.51%.

[0048] The ground ore sample was mixed to a mass concentration of 40% to obtain the ore slurry;

[0049] Adjust the pH of the slurry to 9;

[0050] The prepared combined modifier was added to the slurry, and after stirring for 3 minutes, sodium oleate collector was added. A roughing process was performed to obtain magnesite rough concentrate and roughing tailings. The obtained magnesite rough concentrate was then subjected to two cleaning processes to obtain magnesite concentrate. The roughing tailings were then subjected to a scavenging process to obtain the final tailings. The amount of combined modifier and sodium oleate collector added during the roughing, cleaning, and scavenging processes, as well as their effects, are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the combined modifier in Example 1 was replaced with water glass, and sodium oleate was added as a collector after stirring for 8 minutes for coarse selection. The rest of the process was the same as in Example 1. The amount of water glass added and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that the combined modifier in Example 2 was replaced with water glass, and sodium oleate was added as a collector after stirring for 8 minutes for coarse selection. The rest of the process was the same as in Example 1. The amount of water glass added and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 3

[0056] The only difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 3 is that the combined modifier in Example 3 was replaced with water glass, and sodium oleate was added as a collector after stirring for 8 minutes for coarse selection. The rest of the process was the same as in Example 1. The amount of water glass added and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 4

[0058] The only difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the combined modifier in Example 1 is replaced with water glass, and the amount of water glass and YHJ added during the roughing, cleaning and scavenging processes are kept the same. The other processes are the same as in Example 1. The flotation results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 5

[0060] The only difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the combined modifier does not contain gum arabic. Malic acid and penteacin are added to a 20% sodium hydroxide solution at a mass ratio of 50:10, and stirred at 1000 r / min for 10 min at 80°C to obtain a 2% mass concentration combined modifier. The rest of the process is the same as in Example 1. The flotation results are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 shows the dosage of modifier and collector and the flotation effect in the flotation methods of the examples and comparative examples.

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Note: In Table 1, the dosage of the combined modifier YHJ in g / t is calculated based on the dry weight of the combined modifier and the t is calculated based on the dry weight of the magnesite ore sample.

[0065] In summary, in the flotation of magnesite, the addition of the combined modifier provided by this invention can suppress calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and dolomite, as well as silicon-containing minerals such as talc and quartz. This expands the floatability of magnesite with calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and dolomite, and silicon-containing minerals such as talc and quartz, enabling single positive flotation desiliconization and decalcification of magnesite, and obtaining high-quality magnesite concentrate. This provides a new approach and method for the beneficiation of high-silicon, high-calcium, and low-grade magnesite.

[0066] All aspects, embodiments, features, and examples of this invention are to be regarded as illustrative in all respects and are not intended to limit the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

[0067] In addition, the inventors of this case also conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, referring to the aforementioned embodiments, and obtained relatively ideal results in all cases.

[0068] Although the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various other changes, omissions, and / or additions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that elements of the embodiments can be substituted with substantially equivalents. Furthermore, many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of the invention. Therefore, this invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed for carrying out the invention, but rather is intended to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated otherwise, any use of the terms first, second, etc., does not indicate any order or importance, but is used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. The application of a combined modifier in single positive flotation of magnesite, characterized in that: The raw materials of the combined modifier include gum arabic, malic acid and penteacin, and the mass ratio of gum arabic, malic acid and penteacin is 20-60:30-70:5-20; the preparation method of the combined modifier includes: dissolving gum arabic, malic acid and penteacin in an alkaline solution to obtain the combined modifier.

2. The application of the combined modifier according to claim 1 in single positive flotation of magnesite, characterized in that, In the combined modifier, the total mass concentration of gum arabic, malic acid and pentiform acid is 0.5-6%.

3. The application of the combined modifier according to claim 1 in single positive flotation of magnesite, characterized in that, The gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin are mixed with an alkaline solution with a concentration of 20wt%-35wt%, and stirred at a speed of 1000-1500r / min at a temperature above 75°C until the gum arabic, malic acid, and penteacin are completely dissolved to obtain the combined modifier.

4. The application of the combined modifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in single positive flotation of magnesite, wherein the gangue minerals of the magnesite include one or more of talc, quartz, dolomite, and calcite.

5. A single positive flotation method for magnesite, characterized in that, include: Magnesite is crushed and made into a slurry, and then at least the combination modifier and collector described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are added to the slurry for positive flotation; the gangue minerals of the magnesite include one or more of talc, quartz, dolomite and calcite.

6. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 5, characterized in that, include: The magnesite is then ground and slurry-prepared sequentially to obtain a slurry. Adjust the pH of the slurry to 9-10; The combined modifier and collector are added sequentially to the slurry with the specified pH value for primary positive flotation to obtain magnesite rough concentrate and roughing tailings.

7. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the slurry, the proportion of minerals with a fineness of less than 74 micrometers is 60%-85%; and / or, the mass concentration of solid minerals in the slurry is 35%-50%.

8. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the initial positive flotation, the amount of combined modifier added is 500-2000 g / t.

9. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the initial positive flotation, the amount of collector added is 800-1500 g / t.

10. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 5, characterized in that, The collectors include fatty acid collectors.

11. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 10, characterized in that, The collector includes one or more of sodium oleate and lauric acid.

12. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes one or more fine-tuning processes of the obtained magnesite rough concentrate to obtain magnesite concentrate; in the fine-tuning process, the total amount of the combined modifier added is 500-1500 g / t, and the amount of the collector added is 500-1000 g / t.

13. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes performing one or more scavenging processes on the obtained roughing tailings to obtain the final tailings; in the scavenging process, the total amount of the combined modifier added is 100-600 g / t, and the amount of the collector added is 100-500 g / t.

14. The single positive flotation method for magnesite according to claim 5, characterized in that: After adding the combined modifier to the slurry, stir for 2-5 minutes, and then add the collector.

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