A tunnel shallow buried section construction drainage system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel waterproof and drainage, and particularly discloses a kind of tunnel shallow buried section construction waterproof and drainage system, including the ellipsoidal water retaining cover that covers on the surface of tunnel shallow buried section, the edge of ellipsoidal water retaining cover is folded upwards to form a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is in contact with the surface of tunnel shallow buried section;Water guide pipe is arranged in the surrounding rock of both sides of tunnel, the upper end of water guide pipe penetrates the surface of tunnel shallow buried section and is communicated with the water collecting tank, the lower end of water guide pipe is communicated with the drainage system of tunnel bottom.The present application can effectively prevent the occurrence of tunnel seepage during construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel waterproofing and drainage technology, specifically relating to a waterproofing and drainage system for shallow buried tunnel sections. Background Technology

[0002] Water leakage in tunnels is one of the most significant problems encountered during tunnel construction and operation. Especially during construction, water leakage can lead to deterioration of the surrounding rock, causing lining cracks, arch collapse, and even tunnel collapse. Therefore, it is crucial to detect and address water leakage in tunnels promptly.

[0003] Current tunnel drainage systems primarily rely on internal drainage, with external systems used to intercept surface runoff. Internal drainage systems mainly depend on composite linings and internal circumferential, transverse, and longitudinal drainage pipes. However, current tunnel construction is hampered by quality issues, leading to problems such as incomplete adhesion of the waterproofing membrane to the secondary lining, imperfect adhesion of the secondary lining to the rock face, and inconsistent waterproofing performance of construction joint sealing materials. These issues allow water to seep into the tunnel through weak points, severely impacting construction progress and tunnel stability. Furthermore, determining the location and cause of leaks during construction is difficult, consuming significant manpower and resources to resolve them. On the other hand, traditional external drainage systems, primarily using drainage ditches and intercepting ditches to intercept surface runoff, cannot prevent rainwater infiltration into the tunnel's affected area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art and the construction of shallow buried tunnels, the present invention provides a drainage and waterproofing system for shallow buried tunnel construction, which can effectively prevent water leakage in the tunnel during construction.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A drainage system for shallow tunnel sections includes an ellipsoidal water-retaining cover installed on the surface of the shallow tunnel section. The edge of the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover is folded upward to form a water collection trough, which is in contact with the surface of the shallow tunnel section. Water guide pipes are installed in the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel. The upper end of the water guide pipe penetrates the surface of the shallow tunnel section and is connected to the water collection trough. The lower end of the water guide pipe is connected to the drainage system at the bottom of the tunnel.

[0007] Furthermore, a telescopic component is connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier. The lower end of the telescopic component is fixed on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. When the telescopic component retracts, it can drive the ellipsoidal water barrier to be laid on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. When the telescopic component extends, it can drive the ellipsoidal water barrier to be covered on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes a first sleeve with its lower end fixed to the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel, a second sleeve movably sleeved inside the first sleeve, the upper end of the second sleeve being connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier, a winch device being provided at the bottom inside the first sleeve, a rope being wound on the winch device, one end of the rope extending from the upper end of the second sleeve and connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier, and elastic elements being provided inside the first sleeve and the second sleeve, the lower end of the elastic element abutting against the winch device, and the upper end of the elastic element abutting against the top of the second sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage system for the shallow buried section of the tunnel also includes a controller and a pore water pressure gauge installed in the surface pores of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. The pore water pressure gauge and the winch device are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the operation of the winch device according to the pore water pressure collected by the pore water pressure gauge.

[0010] Furthermore, the controller is used to control the operation of the hoisting device based on the pore water pressure collected by the pore water pressure gauge, including:

[0011] When the pore water pressure is not less than a set pressure threshold, the controller controls the winch to loosen the rope; otherwise, it retracts the rope.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water shield is evenly provided with several movable frames, and several of the movable frames are hinged to the second sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic element is a compression spring.

[0014] Furthermore, the ellipsoidal water shield is made of EVA material.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer surface of the ellipsoidal water shield is provided with a sprayed waterproof layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the water guide pipe is a corrugated pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention provides a drainage and waterproofing system for shallow tunnel sections. By installing an ellipsoidal water-retaining cover on the surface of the shallow tunnel section and water-conducting pipes within the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel, rainwater flows along the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover into a collection trough along its edge during rainfall. The rainwater in the collection trough then flows through the water-conducting pipes into the tunnel's bottom drainage system. This system solves problems associated with traditional drainage and waterproofing systems, such as inadequate lining adhesion, inconsistent waterproofing performance of materials, and unclear causes of leakage. It effectively addresses water leakage issues during the construction of shallow tunnel sections. This drainage and waterproofing system solves the problem of water leakage inside the tunnel at its source, effectively preventing rainwater from seeping into the tunnel and collecting it for drainage at the bottom of the tunnel, thus reducing the occurrence of water leakage problems.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of a drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a detailed diagram of the expansion joint of a drainage and waterproofing system for shallow tunnel sections according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1-Ellipsoidal water shield; 2-Water collection trough; 3-Water guide pipe; 4-Telescopic component; 40-First sleeve; 41-Second sleeve; 42-Winding device; 43-Rope; 44-Elastic element; 5-Pore water pressure gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drainage system for shallow tunnel sections, including an ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 installed on the surface of the shallow tunnel section. The edge of the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 is folded upward to form a water collection trough 2, which is in contact with the surface of the shallow tunnel section. Water guide pipes 3 are installed in the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel. The upper end of the water guide pipes 3 penetrates the surface of the shallow tunnel section and connects to the water collection trough 2, while the lower end of the water guide pipes 3 connects to the drainage system at the bottom of the tunnel. The water guide pipes 3 primarily connect the water collection trough 2 along the edge of the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 to the drainage system at the bottom of the tunnel, guiding water flow into the drainage pipes at the bottom of the tunnel and discharging it outside the tunnel.

[0027] It should be noted that the edge of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 is connected and fixed to the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel using structures such as ropes, ensuring that the drainage system is stably installed on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel.

[0028] Specifically, by installing an ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 on the surface of the shallow-buried section of the tunnel and setting up water-conducting pipes 3 in the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel, rainwater flows along the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 into the water collection trough 2 on its edge during rainfall. The rainwater in the water collection trough 2 then flows into the drainage system at the bottom of the tunnel through the water-conducting pipes 3. This solves the problems of inadequate lining fit, inconsistent waterproofing performance of materials, and unclear causes of leakage in traditional waterproofing systems, and can resolve the leakage problem during the construction of the shallow-buried section of the tunnel. In other words, the water-conducting pipes 3 are used to drain the rainwater blocked by the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 and collected by the water collection trough 2. The water-conducting pipes 3, together with the ellipsoidal water-retaining cover 1 and the water collection trough 2, fully exert the waterproofing effect.

[0029] It should be understood that the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 and the water guide pipe 3 can also adjust their angles according to the slope of the soil slope.

[0030] In one embodiment, a telescopic component 4 is connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1. The lower end of the telescopic component 4 is fixed to the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. When the telescopic component 4 retracts, it can drive the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 to be laid on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel; when the telescopic component 4 extends, it can drive the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 to be covered on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. That is to say, the telescopic component 4 can control the opening or flattening of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1. When there is no rainfall, the telescopic component 4 is controlled to retract, driving the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 to be laid on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel, avoiding damage to the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 caused by strong winds, and improving its service life; when there is rainfall, the telescopic component 4 is controlled to extend, driving the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 to be covered on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel to perform the water-blocking function and prevent rainwater from seeping into the tunnel.

[0031] Better, combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic assembly 4 includes a first sleeve 40 whose lower end is fixed to the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. A second sleeve 41 is movably sleeved inside the first sleeve 40, and the upper end of the second sleeve 41 is connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1. In other words, the second sleeve 41 can retract into the first sleeve 40 or extend out of the first sleeve 40. A winch device 42 is provided at the bottom inside the first sleeve 40, and a rope 43 is wound on the winch device 42. One end of the rope 43 extends from the upper end of the second sleeve 41 and is connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1. An elastic element 44 is provided inside the first sleeve 40 and the second sleeve 41. The lower end of the elastic element 44 abuts against the winch device 42, and the upper end of the elastic element 44 abuts against the top of the second sleeve 41. For example, the elastic element 44 is a high-strength compression spring, and the rope 43 is a steel cable.

[0032] Specifically, the hoisting device 42 controls the retraction or release of the rope 43. When the rope 43 is retracted, it will drive the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 to move downward and gradually spread out. At the same time, the second sleeve 41 retracts into the first sleeve 40, compressing the elastic element 44 during the retraction process. When the rope 43 is released, under the elastic recovery action of the elastic element 44, the second sleeve 41 extends out from the first sleeve 40. During the extension process, it pushes the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 to move upward and cover the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel in an ellipsoidal shape, thus realizing the water-blocking function.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, a more preferred embodiment is the combination of Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the drainage system for the shallow buried section of the tunnel also includes a controller and a pore water pressure gauge 5 installed in the pores on the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. The pore water pressure gauge 5 is used to collect pore water pressure. The controller has a preset pressure threshold. The pore water pressure gauge 5 and the winch device 42 are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the winch device 42 according to the pore water pressure collected by the pore water pressure gauge 5.

[0034] Specifically, when the pore water pressure is not less than the set pressure threshold, i.e., when the surface water volume in the shallow buried section of the tunnel is relatively large, and downward seepage may continue to affect tunnel construction, the controller controls the winch device 42 to loosen the rope 43. At this time, under the elastic recovery action of the elastic element 44, the second sleeve 41 extends from the first sleeve 40. During the extension process, it pushes the ellipsoidal water-blocking cover 1 to move upward and cover the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel in an ellipsoidal shape, thus achieving the water-blocking function. When the pore water pressure is less than the set pressure threshold, it means that the surface water volume in the shallow buried section of the tunnel will not seep downward, and there is no need for the ellipsoidal water-blocking cover 1 to cover the water. The controller controls the winch device 42 to retract the rope 43, so that the ellipsoidal water-blocking cover 1 is in an extended state.

[0035] In other words, the pore water pressure gauge 5, in conjunction with the controller, mainly enables the intelligent operation of the flood control and drainage system. When the rainfall intensity increases and the pore water pressure reaches the set pressure threshold, the pore water pressure gauge 5 transmits a signal to the controller. The controller then controls the winch device 42 to release the rope 43 and the powerful compression spring, causing the ellipsoidal water shield 1 to open and achieve the waterproofing effect.

[0036] In one embodiment, several movable frames are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water shield 1, and the movable frames are hinged to the second sleeve 41. In layman's terms, the structure of the ellipsoidal water shield 1 is similar to that of an umbrella, except that in this invention, the edges of the ellipsoidal water shield 1 are fixed, and when stored, the ellipsoidal water shield 1 only achieves a flat, downward-facing state.

[0037] Preferably, the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 is made of EVA material, and its outer surface is covered with a sprayed waterproof layer. For example, the movable frame is composed of wire mesh and high-strength polyethylene, and the sprayed waterproof layer is made of acrylate waterproof material, providing good durability and waterproof performance. The sleeve and ellipsoidal water barrier are prefabricated in the factory, and the frame and sleeve are connected by welding. The ellipsoidal water barrier is laid on top of the frame. Then, an acrylate sprayed layer is applied to the outside of the ellipsoidal water barrier. This sprayed layer has good adhesion and waterproof performance, effectively preventing rainwater from seeping into the ground surface. The sleeve is located outside the umbrella handle, and a winch device, sensor, controller, rope, and high-strength compression spring are installed inside the sleeve. A pore water pressure gauge is then embedded in the soil surface, and the pore water pressure gauge and the winch device are connected to the controller inside the sleeve via wires.

[0038] Preferably, the water guide pipe 3 is a corrugated pipe. Specifically, the water guide pipe 3 is a pipe connecting the water collection trough 2 to the tunnel bottom drainage system. It is connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe of the tunnel at a large angle to discharge the water collected by the water collection trough 2. Because the various structures of the waterproofing and drainage system are closely connected to form an integrated waterproofing and drainage system, rainwater is blocked by the ellipsoidal water barrier 1, collected through the annular water collection trough 2 on the edge of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1, and then combined with the water guide pipe 3 to discharge the rainwater to the outside of the tunnel.

[0039] In one embodiment, the second sleeve 41 has a radius of 20cm, and the first sleeve 40 has a radius of 30cm. The two sleeves are connected by a strong compression spring and a steel cable. The EVA waterproof membrane has a thickness of 1.5mm, and its width and length are determined according to the width of the tunnel and the length of the shallow buried section. EVA material has good flexibility and toughness, and excellent low-temperature bending performance; it has excellent impermeability and high blocking properties, and is resistant to acids, alkalis, and chemical corrosion. For this drainage system, EVA, due to its excellent flexibility and corrosion resistance, can effectively protect the steel cable and strong compression spring inside the sleeve from corrosion; the EVA waterproof membrane, due to its excellent waterproof performance and flexibility, can not only adhere tightly to the surface of the skeleton, but also prevent rainwater infiltration, reducing the impact of rainfall on the construction of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. The thickness of the acrylate spray film layer is not less than 1.2mm, and not less than 2mm for the top of the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 and near the water guide pipe 3. The radius of the water guide pipe 3 is 100mm.

[0040] This embodiment features simple implementation steps and a high degree of automation and intelligence. The sprayed waterproof layer possesses excellent adhesion and waterproofing properties, not only achieving adhesion to the ellipsoidal water barrier 1 but also further enhancing its waterproofing performance. In this embodiment, the waterproofing system integrates the ellipsoidal water barrier and water pipes to form a unified waterproofing system. A pore water pressure gauge enables automated operation of the waterproofing system, achieving excellent waterproofing results.

[0041] The drainage system in this embodiment controls the ellipsoidal water barrier by setting a threshold for pore water pressure, thus achieving a waterproofing effect. Water flows along the guide pipe and is directed to the drainage pipe at the bottom of the tunnel, where it is discharged outside, forming the drainage system for the shallow-buried tunnel construction. This embodiment's ellipsoidal water barrier + guide pipe + pore water pressure gauge system for shallow-buried tunnel construction prevents rainwater infiltration into the tunnel, improves drainage capacity, reduces the possibility of tunnel leakage, and ensures the safety and progress of shallow-buried tunnel construction. During the construction of shallow-buried tunnels, rainwater infiltration and surface runoff-induced tunnel leakage can seriously affect construction safety and progress. Therefore, this embodiment addresses the source of leakage by preventing external water from seeping into the tunnel, thus solving the leakage problem in shallow-buried tunnel construction. This embodiment considers constructing a waterproof structure near the surface, which can fundamentally solve the problem of tunnel leakage during construction.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections, characterized in that, The system includes an ellipsoidal water barrier (1) installed on the surface of the shallow section of the tunnel, with the edge of the ellipsoidal water barrier (1) folded upward to form a water collection trough (2), which is in contact with the surface of the shallow section of the tunnel; water guide pipes (3) are installed in the surrounding rock on both sides of the tunnel, with the upper end of the water guide pipe (3) penetrating the surface of the shallow section of the tunnel and communicating with the water collection trough (2), and the lower end of the water guide pipe (3) communicating with the drainage system at the bottom of the tunnel; The lower surface of the ellipsoidal water barrier (1) is connected to a telescopic component (4). The lower end of the telescopic component (4) is fixed on the surface of the shallow section of the tunnel. When the telescopic component (4) retracts, it can drive the ellipsoidal water barrier (1) to be laid on the surface of the shallow section of the tunnel. When the telescopic component (4) extends, it can drive the ellipsoidal water barrier (1) to be covered on the surface of the shallow section of the tunnel. The telescopic assembly (4) includes a first sleeve (40) with its lower end fixed to the surface of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. A second sleeve (41) is movably sleeved inside the first sleeve (40). The upper end of the second sleeve (41) is connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water shield (1). A winch device (42) is provided at the bottom inside the first sleeve (40). A rope (43) is wound on the winch device (42). One end of the rope (43) extends from the upper end of the second sleeve (41) and is connected to the center of the lower surface of the ellipsoidal water shield (1). An elastic element (44) is provided inside the first sleeve (40) and the second sleeve (41). The lower end of the elastic element (44) abuts against the winch device (42), and the upper end of the elastic element (44) abuts against the top of the second sleeve (41). The drainage system for the shallow buried section of the tunnel also includes a controller and a pore water pressure gauge (5) installed in the surface pores of the shallow buried section of the tunnel. The pore water pressure gauge (5) and the winch device (42) are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the operation of the winch device (42) according to the pore water pressure collected by the pore water pressure gauge (5), including: When the pore water pressure is not less than the set pressure threshold, the controller controls the winch device (42) to loosen the rope (43), and otherwise it will retract the rope (43).

2. The drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the ellipsoidal water shield (1) is provided with several movable frames, and several of the movable frames are hinged to the second sleeve (41).

3. The drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (44) is a compression spring.

4. A drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The ellipsoidal water shield (1) is made of EVA material.

5. A drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the ellipsoidal water shield (1) is provided with a sprayed waterproof layer.

6. The drainage and waterproofing system for shallow-buried tunnel sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water guide pipe (3) is a corrugated pipe.

Images