A fuel enclosure venting system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of fuel place ventilation pressure relief system, including fuel place ventilation module and pressure relief module, the ventilation module is connected between cabin and cabin outside air supply, exhaust end to form air supply, exhaust pipeline, for the ventilation of cabin when fuel system routine operation is changed;The pressure relief module is connected between cabin and cabin outside air supply, exhaust end to form accident pressure relief pipeline, for the pressure of gas explosion produced by indoor leakage is quickly released, reduce the damage of shock wave to fuel system and cabin structure.The present application can meet the ventilation demand of fuel place, and the shock wave generated by fuel explosion instantaneously is released to open deck surface, protects fuel system and cabin structure, reduces the damage of explosion to equipment and ship body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, and more particularly to a ventilation and pressure relief system for fuel compartments in dual-fuel ships. Background Technology

[0002] In today's world, green environmental protection is the main theme. In response to the call for energy conservation and emission reduction, some new alternative fuels for ships have gradually come into the researchers' view. Common new alternative fuels mainly include LNG, methanol, ammonia, and hydrogen. The harmful substances produced by the combustion of these fuels are far lower than those produced by HFO, which will generate huge energy conservation and emission reduction effects. However, these emerging fuels have a hidden danger: they are prone to explosion when leaked and accumulated.

[0003] Existing research focuses more on how to prevent and reduce fuel leaks, without exploring solutions for handling fuel explosions.

[0004] Shipboard alternative fuel is added from the outside into the fuel storage tank via refueling pipelines, and then transported to the ship's main and auxiliary engines after pretreatment via delivery pipelines. The fuel storage tank is protected by an inert gas-filled isolation chamber between it and the external compartments. The connection points between the input / output pipelines and the storage tank are located in the external compartments, therefore the possibility of fuel leakage and explosion in the fuel storage tank is extremely low; if an explosion were to occur, it would cause irreversible damage and would not be of research significance. During fuel refueling and delivery, leaks are likely to occur at the joints between pipelines and between pipelines and equipment. These joints are mainly located in the fuel refueling station, fuel connection area, and fuel processing room. Except for the fuel refueling station, which can be a semi-enclosed space, the other fuel locations are all enclosed spaces. The amount of fuel leaked at these joints is limited, and if it accumulates to a certain level and explodes upon encountering a spark, the resulting damage is controllable compared to a fuel tank explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a ventilation and pressure relief system for fuel compartments of dual-fuel ships, which can meet the ventilation requirements of the fuel compartments and release the shock wave generated by the fuel explosion to the open deck surface, thereby protecting the fuel system and compartment structure of the fuel compartments and reducing the damage to equipment and the hull caused by the explosion.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a fuel storage ventilation and pressure relief system, comprising a fuel storage ventilation module and a pressure relief module. The ventilation module is connected between the supply and exhaust air terminals outside the compartment to form supply and exhaust air pipelines for daily ventilation of the fuel system. The pressure relief module is connected between the supply and exhaust air terminals outside the compartment to form an emergency pressure relief pipeline for rapidly releasing the pressure generated by the explosion of leaked gas inside the compartment, thereby reducing the damage of the shock wave to the equipment and compartment structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the ventilation module includes an exhaust grille, an exhaust duct fire damper, an exhaust fan, a backflow preventer, an outdoor end of the exhaust duct, a flexible joint, an air supply grille, an air supply duct fire damper, and an outdoor end of the air supply duct. The exhaust grille of the compartment is connected in sequence to the exhaust duct fire damper, exhaust fan, and backflow preventer through the exhaust duct to the outdoor end of the exhaust duct outside the compartment. The outdoor end of the air supply duct outside the compartment is connected to the air supply grille through the air supply duct fire damper.

[0008] Furthermore, two exhaust fans are configured in accordance with the specifications to ensure continuous ventilation of the cabin, and backflow preventers are installed on their respective pipelines to prevent short circuits between the two fans.

[0009] Furthermore, the supply and exhaust ducts are atmospheric pressure ducts; the emergency pressure relief duct is a high pressure duct, made of stainless steel or a material with equivalent performance, which can prevent fuel gas from corroding the ducts.

[0010] Furthermore, the outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and the air supply duct are either vent caps or bends; the outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and the air supply duct are located in open areas on the deck and are arranged as high as possible to reduce the impact of fuel release on outdoor equipment and crew.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure relief module includes a pressure sensor and a pressure control damper. The pressure control damper and the pressure sensor are connected in parallel to the air supply and exhaust pipes in the compartment to form an emergency pressure relief pipeline, and are flexibly connected to the end, which can quickly release the pressure generated by the explosion and alleviate the instantaneous force on the pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure control damper is normally closed to ensure that the airflow in the supply and exhaust ducts circulates normally indoors.

[0013] Furthermore, when the leaked fuel explodes, the pressure sensor inputs an execution signal to open the pressure control damper, causing the fire dampers in the exhaust and supply air ducts to close, and the pressure relief pipes in the supply and exhaust air ducts to open.

[0014] Furthermore, the supply and exhaust air pipelines and the emergency pressure relief pipelines are automatically switched according to the operating conditions of the fuel location.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressure relief module and the ventilation module share the outdoor end of the exhaust duct and the outdoor end of the supply duct outside the cabin, which can save construction costs; the outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and the outdoor ends of the supply duct are connected to the emergency pressure relief duct by flexible joints to relieve pipeline pressure and protect the pipeline and the equipment on the pipeline.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1) A ventilation and pressure relief system for a fuel storage facility was designed, which has both conventional ventilation and emergency pressure relief functions, and is simple and practical to implement.

[0018] 2) The ventilation module operates under normal conditions to ensure effective gas circulation in the cabin. When a small amount of fuel leaks, it can be discharged in time to prevent fuel accumulation and explosion.

[0019] 3) The pressure relief module operates under accident conditions and can quickly release the pressure generated by the explosion of leaked gas in the room, reducing the damage of the shock wave to the fuel system and the compartment structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel storage ventilation and pressure relief system of the present invention;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Exhaust grille, 2. Fireproof damper for exhaust duct, 3. Exhaust fan, 4. Backflow preventer, 5. Outdoor end of exhaust duct, 6. Flexible joint, 7. Pressure sensor, 8. Pressure control damper, 9. Supply air grille, 10. Fireproof damper for supply duct, 11. Outdoor end of supply duct. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a fuel space ventilation and pressure relief system of the present invention includes a fuel space ventilation module and a pressure relief module.

[0024] The ventilation module is used for cabin ventilation during the daily operation of the fuel system. It is an atmospheric pressure pipeline, and the ventilation module design meets the specifications. It includes an exhaust grille 1, an exhaust duct fire damper 2, an exhaust fan 3, a backflow preventer 4, an outdoor exhaust duct terminal 5, a flexible joint 6, an air supply grille 9, an air supply duct fire damper 10, and an outdoor air supply duct terminal 11. The exhaust grille 1 in the cabin is connected in sequence to the exhaust duct fire damper 2, the exhaust fan 3, and the backflow preventer 4 through the exhaust duct to the outdoor exhaust duct terminal 5 outside the cabin. The outdoor air supply duct terminal 11 outside the cabin is connected to the air supply grille 9 through the air supply duct fire damper 10.

[0025] Two exhaust fans 3 are configured according to the specifications, and a backflow damper 4 is installed on each of their respective pipelines to prevent short circuits between the two fans.

[0026] The ventilation module is designed in accordance with the requirements of the IMO and various classification societies' dual-fuel specifications.

[0027] The pressure relief module includes a pressure sensor 7 and a pressure control damper 8. The pipeline is a high-pressure pipeline made of stainless steel. The pressure control damper 8 is equipped with a pressure sensor 7. The pressure control damper 8 and the pressure sensor 7 are connected in parallel to the exhaust and supply air pipelines of the compartment to form a pressure relief pipeline. The pipeline is flexibly connected to the end to quickly release the pressure generated by the explosion and alleviate the instantaneous force on the pipeline.

[0028] Both pressure relief lines are high-pressure lines, made of stainless steel or equivalent materials to prevent fuel gas from corroding the lines. The wall thickness is calculated based on the fuel explosion pressure.

[0029] The pressure control damper 8 is normally closed to ensure that the airflow in the supply and exhaust ducts circulates normally indoors.

[0030] When the leaked fuel explodes, the pressure sensor 7 inputs an execution signal, opening the pressure control damper 8, causing the exhaust duct fire damper 2 and the supply duct fire damper 10 to fail and close, and opening the pressure relief pipes in the supply and exhaust ducts.

[0031] The ventilation module and the depressurization module share the outdoor end 5 of the exhaust duct and the outdoor end 11 of the air supply duct outside the cabin, which can save construction costs.

[0032] The ventilation duct and emergency pressure relief duct can be automatically switched according to the operating conditions of the fuel location.

[0033] The outdoor end 5 of the exhaust duct and the outdoor end 11 of the air supply duct outside the cabin can be a wind cap, a bend, or other equipment with low resistance.

[0034] The outdoor end 5 of the exhaust duct and the outdoor end 11 of the supply duct can be connected to the pressure relief pipe using flexible joints to relieve pipeline pressure and protect the pipeline and the equipment on it.

[0035] The exhaust duct 5 and the air supply duct 11 outside the cabin are located in open areas on the deck and are arranged as high as possible to reduce the impact of fuel spills on outdoor equipment and crew.

[0036] When the fuel system is working normally, the ventilation module uses mechanical exhaust / natural intake to maintain indoor air circulation. Two exhaust fans 3 are configured according to the specifications, and a backflow preventer 4 is installed on each of their pipelines to prevent short circuits between the two fans.

[0037] When a fuel system leaks and causes an explosion, the fire damper 2 of the exhaust duct and the fire damper 10 of the supply duct close, cutting off the connection between the intake and exhaust ducts and the outside. At the same time, the pressure sensor 7 monitors the pressure in the fuel compartment in real time. When the pressure rises to a preset value, the pressure control damper 8 opens, and the pressure relief pipes on the supply and exhaust ducts open. The pressure is quickly released to the outside atmosphere through the outdoor end 5 of the exhaust duct and the outdoor end 11 of the supply duct, reducing the pressure in the fuel compartment.

Claims

1. A ventilation and pressure relief system for a fuel storage area, characterized in that: The system includes a fuel compartment ventilation module and a pressure relief module. The ventilation module connects the supply and exhaust air terminals outside the compartment to form supply and exhaust air pipelines for daily ventilation of the fuel system. The pressure relief module connects the supply and exhaust air terminals outside the compartment to form an emergency pressure relief pipeline for quickly releasing the pressure generated by the explosion of leaked gas inside the compartment, reducing the damage of the shock wave to the fuel system and compartment structure. The ventilation module includes an exhaust grille, an exhaust duct fire damper, an exhaust fan, a backflow preventer, an outdoor end of the exhaust duct, a flexible joint, a supply air grille, a supply air duct fire damper, and an outdoor end of the supply air duct. The exhaust grille in the compartment is connected sequentially to the exhaust duct fire damper, exhaust fan, and backflow preventer through the exhaust duct to the outdoor end of the exhaust duct outside the compartment. The outdoor end of the supply air duct outside the compartment is connected to the supply air grille through the supply air duct fire damper. The pressure relief module includes a pressure sensor and a pressure control damper. The pressure control damper and pressure sensor are connected in parallel to the supply and exhaust ducts of the compartment to form an emergency pressure relief pipeline, which is flexibly connected to the end to quickly release the pressure generated by the explosion and alleviate the instantaneous force on the pipeline. The pressure control damper is normally closed to ensure normal airflow circulation in the supply and exhaust ducts. When the leaked fuel explodes, the pressure sensor inputs an execution signal to open the pressure control damper, causing the fire dampers of the exhaust duct and supply duct to fail and close, and the pressure relief pipeline in the supply and exhaust ducts to open. The pressure relief module and the ventilation module share the outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and supply duct outside the compartment. The outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and supply duct are connected to the emergency pressure relief pipeline by flexible joints to relieve pipeline pressure and protect the pipeline and the equipment on it.

2. The fuel storage ventilation and pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two exhaust fans are configured according to specifications to ensure continuous ventilation of the cabin, and backflow preventers are installed on their respective pipelines to prevent short circuits between the two fans.

3. The fuel storage ventilation and pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and the air supply duct are either vent caps or bends. The outdoor ends of the exhaust duct and the air supply duct are located in open areas on the deck and are arranged as high as possible to reduce the impact of fuel release on outdoor equipment and crew.

4. The fuel storage ventilation and pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supply and exhaust air pipelines are at normal pressure; the emergency pressure relief pipeline is a high-pressure pipeline, made of stainless steel or equivalent material, which can prevent fuel gas from corroding the pipeline.

5. The fuel storage ventilation and pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supply and exhaust air pipelines and emergency pressure relief pipelines are automatically switched according to the operating conditions of the fuel storage area.

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