Split assembly type spherical hinge

Abstract

The application discloses a split assembly type spherical hinge and belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, comprising an upper spherical hinge and a lower spherical hinge. The upper spherical hinge comprises a plurality of upper spherical hinge units which are sequentially spliced in the circumferential direction, and a connecting assembly is arranged between two adjacent upper spherical hinge units and used for positioning and connecting the two adjacent upper spherical hinge units. The lower spherical hinge comprises a plurality of lower spherical hinge units which are sequentially spliced in the circumferential direction. A groove is formed in the bottom end surface of the lower spherical hinge unit, and at least one pouring channel which is communicated with the groove is arranged on the top end surface of the lower spherical hinge unit and used for pouring concrete into the groove so as to fix the lower spherical hinge unit on a lower turntable. The split assembly type spherical hinge can realize flexible splitting and stable assembly of the spherical hinge while ensuring stable connection between the spherical hinge structure and the lower turntable, significantly reduces the transportation difficulty of the spherical hinge and improves the construction efficiency of the spherical hinge, reduces the construction and transportation cost of the spherical hinge and significantly shortens the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge construction technology, and specifically relates to a segmented assembled ball joint. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the modern transportation sector, which connects all sectors of the social economy, has become increasingly important in recent years. This has led to increasingly higher application demands in the transportation sector under various applicable conditions, resulting in a consistently high level of research and development activity in related technologies in recent years.

[0003] In the transportation sector, due to the country's vigorous development of infrastructure, the density of highways and railways is increasing, leading to many newly constructed bridges needing to cross existing railways and highways. Therefore, bridge structures crossing railways and highways are typically more difficult to construct, and construction can also disrupt existing traffic flow.

[0004] In existing technologies, spherical hinge rotation construction is commonly used to build bridges spanning railways and highways, minimizing impact on existing lines and reducing operational risks. This method is widely used in bridge construction. However, in traditional spherical hinge rotation construction, large-tonnage rotating spherical hinges have large diameters, exceeding highway transport width restrictions. Furthermore, large-diameter spherical hinges are heavily reliant on large-scale processing equipment, resulting in high manufacturing costs. Additionally, existing cast spherical hinges require a base plate for better bonding with the concrete foundation, leading to increased weight. These factors combined result in the large overall weight of large-tonnage rotating spherical hinges, making construction and transportation difficult and creating significant challenges in manufacturing, processing, and transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a segmented assembly ball joint, which can achieve flexible disassembly and stable assembly of the ball joint while ensuring a stable connection between the ball joint structure and the lower turntable. This significantly reduces the transportation difficulty of the ball joint and improves the construction efficiency of the ball joint. It not only reduces the construction and transportation cost of the ball joint, but also significantly shortens the construction period.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a segmented assembled ball joint, which is disposed between an upper turntable and a lower turntable. The segmented ball joint includes an upper ball joint and a lower ball joint, the upper ball joint is disposed on the lower ball joint, and the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint are connected by a pin for relative rotation of the upper ball joint relative to the lower ball joint. The upper ball joint includes several upper ball joint units that are sequentially spliced ​​together along the circumference. At least one connecting component is provided between two adjacent upper ball joint units for positioning connection between the two adjacent upper ball joint units. The lower ball joint includes several lower ball joint units that are sequentially spliced ​​together along the circumference; the bottom end face of the lower ball joint unit is provided with a groove, and correspondingly, at least one casting channel communicating with the groove is provided on the top end face of the lower ball joint unit for pouring concrete into the groove to fix the lower ball joint unit on the lower turntable.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one force transmission component is provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of two adjacent upper ball joint units and / or the lower ball joint units for transmitting shear force between the two adjacent upper ball joint units and / or the lower ball joint units.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the force transmission component includes shear grooves disposed on the outer peripheral walls of the two upper ball joint units and / or the lower ball joint unit, and shear keys fixedly installed in the shear grooves.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one connecting component is provided between two adjacent lower ball joint units for positioning connection between the two adjacent lower ball joint units.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting assembly includes a bolted connector, a cylindrical connector, or a tapered pin connector.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the upper ball joint unit and the lower ball joint unit are fan-shaped, and the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint are circular.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the groove is a fan-shaped groove, which includes a plurality of radially arranged straight ribs and a plurality of annular ribs distributed in a ring, dividing the groove into a plurality of annular fan grooves.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one air guide hole is provided on the groove wall surface shared by two adjacent annular grooves.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the annular fan grooves has at least one casting channel on its top surface.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pouring channel includes at least one vibration hole and at least one vent hole.

[0016] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include: (1) The segmented assembled ball joint of the present invention includes an upper ball joint and a lower ball joint. The upper ball joint includes several upper ball joint units spliced ​​together in the circumferential direction, and a connecting component is provided between two adjacent upper ball joint units for positioning connection between the two adjacent upper ball joint units. The lower ball joint includes several lower ball joint units spliced ​​together in the circumferential direction; a groove is opened on the bottom end face of the lower ball joint unit, and at least one pouring channel communicating with the groove is provided on the top end face of the lower ball joint unit for pouring concrete into the groove to fix the lower ball joint unit on the lower turntable. The segmented assembled ball joint can achieve flexible disassembly and stable assembly of the ball joint while ensuring a stable connection between the ball joint structure and the lower turntable, significantly reducing the transportation difficulty of the ball joint and improving the construction efficiency of the ball joint. It not only reduces the construction and transportation cost of the ball joint, but also significantly shortens the construction period.

[0018] (2) The segmented assembled ball joint of the present invention provides at least one force transmission component including a shear key and a shear groove on the outer wall of the outermost ring of two adjacent ball joint units to help achieve a stable connection between the two adjacent ball joint units. At the same time, a cylindrical connector is used to achieve the initial alignment between the positions of the two adjacent ball joint units, and a tapered pin connector is used to achieve the precise alignment between the two adjacent hinge units. Finally, a bolt connector is used between the two adjacent ball joint units to complete the stable connection between the two adjacent ball joint units after accurate alignment. This results in a stable upper or lower ball joint structure, ensuring that the segmented ball joint can provide stable support for the bridge structure.

[0019] (3) The segmented assembled ball joint of the present invention has a simple structure, is convenient to construct, and has stable load-bearing capacity. It is constructed by splicing together several fan-shaped upper ball joint units to form an upper ball joint and splicing together several fan-shaped lower ball joint units to form an assembled ball joint structure. This not only facilitates the storage and transportation of the segmented ball joint before construction, but also facilitates the construction of the segmented ball joint at the installation position. At the same time, by setting a mesh-distributed sliding plate and a rotating pin between the spherical surface of the upper ball joint and the spherical groove of the lower ball joint, the upper ball joint can achieve stable rotation in the horizontal plane relative to the lower ball joint. This ensures stable rotation between the bridge and the pier while also ensuring the integrity of the spherical surface and spherical groove of the segmented ball joint. Furthermore, by setting several annular ribs and segmented straight ribs on the fan-shaped upper ball joint units and / or lower ball joint units, the fan-shaped ball joint unit is divided into several annular fan grooves, which significantly improves the structural strength of the ball joint unit. Combined with the air guide holes corresponding to the segmented straight and ring bars, as well as the vibration holes and venting holes corresponding to each annular groove, the concrete can be stably filled into each annular groove through the combined action of the vibration holes, venting holes, and air guide holes after the ball joint unit is spliced. This further enhances the structural strength of the entire segmented ball joint, ensuring the safety and stability of load transfer between the bridge body and the pier. It has good promotion value and application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a bottom view of the lower ball joint of the segmented assembled ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the lower ball joint unit of the segmented assembled ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of the segmented straight ribs and ring ribs of the segmented assembled ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an overall vertical sectional view of the segmented assembled ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the force transmission component of the segmented assembled ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the force transmission component of the segmented assembled ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the location of the connecting components of the split-assembly ball joint in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower ball joint of the segmented assembled ball joint installed on the bearing platform in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Upper ball joint; 2. Lower ball joint; 3. Lower ball joint unit; 4. Vibration hole; 5. Vent hole; 6. Connecting assembly; 7. Force transmission assembly; 8. Upper cover plate; 9. Pin; 10. Lower cover plate; 11. Slide plate; 12. Shear key; 13. Air vent; 14. Split straight rib; 15. Ring rib; 16. Ring fan groove; 17. Foundation; 18. Bolted connector; 19. Cylindrical connector; 20. Tapered pin connector. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0027] Example: Please see Figures 1-8 The segmented assembly ball joint in the preferred embodiment of the present invention can achieve flexible disassembly and stable assembly of the ball joint while ensuring a stable connection between the ball joint structure and the lower turntable. This significantly reduces the transportation difficulty of the ball joint and improves the construction efficiency of the ball joint. It not only reduces the construction and transportation cost of the ball joint, but also significantly shortens the construction period.

[0028] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 8, in the preferred embodiment of this application, the segmented assembled ball joint is disposed between the upper and lower turntables to achieve a rotational connection between the upper and lower turntables. This allows the bridge structure to rotate relative to the lower turntable in the horizontal plane after construction, thereby reducing the impact on existing communication lines in the vicinity during bridge construction. The segmented assembled ball joint includes an upper ball joint 1 and a lower ball joint 2 disposed opposite to each other. The lower ball joint 2 is disposed on the lower turntable, and its top surface is matched with the spherical surface of the lower ball joint 2 via a spherical groove; or, the spherical surface of the top surface of the lower ball joint 2 is matched with the spherical groove of the upper ball joint 1. The top surface of the upper ball joint 1 is fixedly connected to the upper turntable, thus enabling the upper ball joint 1 to rotate stably relative to the lower ball joint 2 in the horizontal plane after construction is completed through the hinge relationship between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2. To ensure the stability of rotation between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2, a pin 9 is provided between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2. Preferably, the pin 9 is arranged longitudinally between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2, and the pin 9 extends vertically and is located at the center of the spherical groove or spherical surface. Its top and bottom are rotatably connected to the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2, respectively, so that the stability of rotation can be ensured when the upper ball joint 1 rotates relative to the lower ball joint 2 in the horizontal plane.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper ball joint 1 comprises several upper ball joint units arranged sequentially along the circumference, and at least one connecting component 6 is provided between adjacent upper ball joint units for positioning connection between adjacent upper ball joint units. In actual construction, each upper ball joint unit can be produced, transported, or constructed separately, thereby reducing the production cost, transportation difficulty, and construction difficulty of the upper ball joint 1. After the individual upper ball joint units are assembled, adjacent upper ball joint units are fixedly connected using the connecting component 6 to form the entire upper ball joint 1, ensuring the overall structural stability of the upper ball joint 1.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lower ball joint 2 includes several lower ball joint units 3 arranged sequentially along the circumference. A groove is formed on the bottom end face of each lower ball joint unit 3, meaning the opening of the groove is located on the bottom end face of the lower ball joint unit 3. Simultaneously, at least one pouring channel connecting to the groove is formed on the top end face of each lower ball joint unit 3. In actual use, the lower ball joint units 3 are first assembled onto the lower turntable. Then, by pouring and vibrating concrete into the pouring channels, the lower ball joint unit 3, assembled from the individual lower ball joint units 3, is stably fixed onto the lower turntable, ensuring that the lower ball joint 2 can stably and reliably support the upper ball joint 1. Preferably, at least one connecting component 6 is also provided between two adjacent lower ball joint units 3 to achieve a positioning connection between adjacent lower ball joint units 3.

[0031] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this application, the upper and lower turntables can be directly positioned in the middle of the pier, thus dividing the pier into an upper pier and a lower pier. The upper turntable is positioned on the bottom surface of the upper pier, and the lower turntable is positioned on the top surface of the lower pier. Alternatively, the upper and lower turntables can be positioned on the bottom surface of the pier and the top surface of the pier cap 17, respectively.

[0032] More preferably, such as Figure 4As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, a plurality of sliding plates 11 are provided between the spherical surface and the spherical groove, which are arranged opposite each other. The sliding plates 11 are made of non-metallic material so that the upper ball joint 1 can rotate stably in the horizontal plane relative to the lower ball joint 2, reducing the sliding wear between the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2, and improving the structural integrity of the segmented assembled ball joint. Preferably, each sliding plate 11 is evenly arranged radially between the spherical surface and the spherical groove to ensure that the spherical surface and the spherical groove do not come into direct contact. Of course, the arrangement of the sliding plates 11 is not limited to the above-described manner. The sliding plates 11 can also be arranged in a concentric form similar to a star pattern between the spherical surface and the spherical groove, or the sliding plates 11 can be arranged in a mesh structure to ensure that the spherical surface and the spherical groove do not come into rigid contact. Preferably, since the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint rotate in the horizontal plane with the rotation axis as the center, in order to adapt to the motion trajectory between the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint during the horizontal rotation, a spider web-like sliding plate structure 11 is provided between the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint. That is, the circumferential sliding plate 11 adapts to the motion trajectory of the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint. The radially arranged sliding plate structure 11 connects several concentrically arranged sliding plate structures. This not only maintains the stability of each concentrically arranged sliding plate 11 through the radially extended sliding plate structure 11, but also adapts to the rotation of the upper ball joint relative to the lower ball joint in the horizontal plane through the concentrically arranged annular sliding plate structure 11.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, corresponding receiving cavities are respectively provided at the center positions of the bottom end face of the upper ball joint 1 and the top end face of the lower ball joint 2. Preferably, the receiving cavity is a cylindrical structure used to accommodate the pin 9, so that the upper ball joint 1 can rotate relative to the lower ball joint 2 around the pin 9. More preferably, an upper cover plate 8 is provided on the cylindrical top end face of the upper ball joint 1 to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the top end of the pin 9; correspondingly, a lower cover plate 10 is provided on the cylindrical bottom end face of the lower ball joint 2 to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the bottom end of the pin 9, so as to ensure that the upper ball joint 1 can rotate relative to the lower ball joint 2 around the pin 9.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, both the upper ball joint unit and the lower ball joint unit 3 are fan-shaped. A plurality of upper ball joint units and a plurality of lower ball joint units 3 sequentially spliced ​​along the circumference can form a circular upper ball joint 1 and a circular lower ball joint 2, fitting the spherical surface and spherical groove respectively provided on the bottom end face of the upper ball joint 1 and the top end face of the lower ball joint 2. That is, the bottom end face of the upper ball joint 1 is a spherical surface or a spherical groove; the top end face of the lower ball joint 2 is a spherical groove or a spherical surface. Preferably, the upper ball joint 1 is evenly divided into four upper ball joint units, and correspondingly, the lower ball joint 2 is also evenly divided into four lower ball joint units 3. That is, each upper ball joint unit and each lower ball joint unit 3 is a 90-degree fan shape, to facilitate the production, transportation, and construction of the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2.

[0035] More preferably, such as Figure 2 As described in the preferred embodiment of this application, a groove is formed on the bottom end face of the lower ball joint unit 3, preferably a fan-shaped groove corresponding to the shape and size of the lower ball joint unit 3. More preferably, a plurality of radially extending segmented straight ribs 14 are also provided on the fan-shaped groove, dividing the fan-shaped groove into a plurality of small fan-shaped groove units. More preferably, a plurality of annular ribs 15 are also provided in the fan-shaped groove, further dividing each small fan-shaped groove unit into a plurality of annular fan-shaped grooves 16. By providing a plurality of segmented straight ribs 14 and a plurality of annular ribs 15 in the fan-shaped groove, the structural strength of the lower ball joint unit 3 is significantly improved, ensuring that the assembled ball joint structure composed of the upper ball joint 1 and the lower ball joint 2 can maintain a low weight while having stability that meets the load-bearing requirements of the bridge body, thereby ensuring that the segmented assembled ball joint has high safety and stability. Preferably, the two side walls of the lower ball joint unit 3 forming the fan-shaped angle are both segmented straight ribs 14, combined with the outermost annular ribs 15 to form the fan-shaped groove. More preferably, the bottom end faces of each ring rib 15 and each straight rib of the lower ball joint unit 3 are all in the same horizontal plane to ensure that the lower ball joint 2 can achieve stable contact with the lower turntable and ensure that the bridge load can be uniformly and stably transmitted to the lower turntable.

[0036] More specifically, in another preferred embodiment of this application, the top surface of the upper ball joint unit also has a corresponding sector-shaped groove, and a number of segmented straight ribs 14 and ring ribs 15 are also provided for the corresponding sector-shaped groove, thereby achieving the requirements of reducing the overall weight of the upper ball joint unit and ensuring the structural strength of the upper ball joint unit.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-3As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, at least one pouring channel is provided on the top surface of each annular groove 16 of the lower ball joint 2. This pouring channel connects the outer side of the top surface of the annular groove 16 with the groove itself, facilitating the pouring of concrete between the annular groove 16 and the lower turntable, ensuring a stable connection between the lower ball joint 2 and the lower turntable. Preferably, a frosted layer is also provided on the inner surface of the annular groove 16 to improve the stability of the connection between the concrete and the annular groove after pouring, ensuring the safety and reliability of the segmented ball joint assembly.

[0038] Further preferably, in the preferred embodiment of this application, the pouring channel includes at least one vibration hole 4 and at least one vent hole 5; during the concrete pouring process, the vent hole 5 is used to expel air from the annular groove in real time, ensuring smooth concrete pouring; after the annular groove is filled with concrete, the filling concrete is vibrated through the vibration hole 4, thereby ensuring accurate solidification of the concrete and improving the stability of the connection between the lower ball joint 2 and the lower turntable. Preferably, the vent hole 5 is located at the highest point on the top surface of the annular groove, that is, at the position with the greatest distance from the lower turntable on the top surface of a single annular groove, to ensure that the air in the annular groove can be fully discharged.

[0039] More in detail, such as Figure 3 As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, at least one air guide hole 13 is provided on the bifurcated straight rib 14 or annular rib 15 shared by two adjacent annular grooves to connect the various annular grooves. After concrete is injected into the annular groove through the vibrating hole 4, the gas in the middle of the annular groove can be discharged into the adjacent annular groove through the air guide hole 13, thereby solving the problem that the air guide holes 13 on the adjacent annular grooves can fully discharge the gas in the annular grooves during the pouring process.

[0040] In actual construction, because the bottom surface of the lower ball joint 2 is a concave spherical groove, the height of the vent hole 5 on the annular groove near the center of the spherical groove is relatively lower than the height of the annular groove away from the center of the spherical groove. This height difference causes some concrete to seep out from the vibration hole 4 and vent hole 5 of the annular groove on the inner ring into the spherical groove during the pouring process. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment of this application, during actual construction, the concrete is poured sequentially from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the spherical groove. On two radially adjacent rings, the annular groove on the inner ring side is poured after the concrete in the annular groove on the inner ring side has solidified. Alternatively, on two radially adjacent rings, after the concrete in the annular groove on the inner ring side has been poured and vibrated, a detachable sealing component is used to completely seal the vibration hole 4 and vent hole 5 on the annular groove on the inner ring side, thereby preventing concrete from seeping out through the vibration hole 4 and vent hole 5 during the subsequent pouring of the annular groove on the outer ring side.

[0041] More preferably, such as Figures 2-6 As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, at least one force transmission component 7 is provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of two adjacent upper ball joint units and / or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3, so as to realize the stable transmission of shear force between two adjacent upper ball joint units and / or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3 during the relative rotation of the upper ball joint 1 relative to the lower ball joint 2, thereby improving the structural strength of the entire upper ball joint 1 and lower ball joint 2 and ensuring that the upper ball joint 1 can stably rotate relative to the lower ball joint 2 after bearing the bridge body.

[0042] More specifically, in a preferred embodiment of this application, the force transmission component 7 includes shear grooves disposed on the outer peripheral walls of the two upper ball joint units and / or the two lower ball joint units 3, i.e., the shear grooves span the splice seam between two adjacent joint units. Correspondingly, a shear key 12 is fixedly installed in the shear groove. Preferably, the shear key 12 is fixedly installed in the shear groove by bolts, achieving a stable connection between the shear key 12 and the two adjacent upper ball joint units and / or the two adjacent lower ball joint units 3. In actual use, the shear groove is disposed on the outer wall of the outermost ring rib 15 at the splice point of two adjacent upper ball joint units or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3, and then the corresponding shear key 12 is fixed to the shear groove by bolts, enabling the shear key 12 to complete the force transmission between the two adjacent upper ball joint units or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3. More preferably, multiple shear keys 12 are arranged vertically at intervals in the shear groove, or multiple force transmission components 7 are arranged at intervals on the sidewalls of two adjacent ring reinforcements 15, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the force transmission between two adjacent upper ball joint units or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown in the preferred embodiment of this application, at least one connecting component 6 is provided between the opposing ribs 14 of two adjacent upper ball joint units and / or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3. Preferably, each connecting component 6 is arranged in a rectangular array or a ring array on the oppositely arranged rib diameter to ensure a stable connection between the positions of two adjacent upper ball joint units or two adjacent lower ball joint units 3.

[0044] Further preferably, in the preferred embodiment of this application, the connecting assembly 6 includes one or more of a bolt connector 18, a cylindrical connector 19, or a tapered pin connector 20. Preferably, the connecting assembly 6 includes a bolt connector 18, a cylindrical connector 19, and a tapered pin connector 20 simultaneously. The cylindrical connector 19 includes two cylindrical through holes and a cylindrical pin formed on the two opposing straight ribs 14. In actual use, the cylindrical pin directly transmits the connection between the two adjacent cylindrical through holes, completing the initial alignment and limiting of the assembly position of the two adjacent straight ribs 14. The tapered pin connector 20 includes tapered pin holes and a tapered pin rod respectively provided on the two adjacent straight ribs 14. The inner diameters of the two tapered pin holes are different. In actual use, the tapered pin is inserted sequentially from the side with the larger diameter tapered pin hole, and then sequentially passes through the two tapered pin holes. Preferably, a threaded structure is provided on the smaller diameter section of the tapered pin, and a nut is correspondingly provided, thereby achieving precise positioning between the two adjacent straight ribs 14. The stud connector includes bolt holes or threaded holes set opposite to the two segmented straight ribs 14 and a double-ended screw with a nut. In actual use, the two segmented straight ribs 14 are initially aligned by the cylindrical connector 19, and then the adjacent two distributed straight ribs are precisely aligned by the tapered pin connector 20. Finally, the screw passes through the bolt holes or is screwed into the threaded holes, and nuts are set at both ends of the screw to fix the adjacent two segmented straight ribs 14 into a continuous whole.

[0045] The segmented prefabricated ball joint of this invention features a simple structure, convenient construction, and stable load-bearing capacity. It is constructed by splicing together several fan-shaped upper ball joint units to form an upper ball joint 1, and several fan-shaped lower ball joint units 3 to form a lower ball joint 2, thus creating a prefabricated ball joint structure. This facilitates not only the storage and transportation of the segmented ball joint before construction but also its installation. Furthermore, the mesh-distributed sliding plates 11 and rotating pins 9 between the spherical surface of the upper ball joint 1 and the spherical groove of the lower ball joint 2 enable the upper ball joint 1 to rotate stably relative to the lower ball joint 2 in the horizontal plane. This ensures stable rotation between the bridge and piers while maintaining the integrity of the spherical surface and groove of the segmented ball joint. Moreover, by providing several annular ribs 15 and segmented straight ribs 14 on the fan-shaped upper and / or lower ball joint units 3, the fan-shaped ball joint unit is divided into several annular fan grooves 16, significantly improving the structural strength of the ball joint unit. Combined with the air guide holes 13 corresponding to the segmented straight bars 14 and ring bars 15, and the vibration holes 4 and venting holes 5 corresponding to each annular groove 16, after the ball joint unit is spliced, the concrete can be stably filled into each annular groove 16 through the combined action of the vibration holes 4, venting holes 5 and air guide holes 13, which further improves the structural strength of the entire segmented ball joint, ensures the safety and stability of load transfer between the bridge body and the pier, and has good promotion value and application prospects.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented assembled ball joint, disposed between an upper turntable and a lower turntable, the segmented assembled ball joint comprising an upper ball joint and a lower ball joint, the upper ball joint being disposed on the lower ball joint, and the upper ball joint and the lower ball joint being connected by a pin, for relative rotation of the upper ball joint relative to the lower ball joint; characterized in that, The upper ball joint includes several upper ball joint units that are sequentially spliced ​​along the circumference. At least one connecting component is provided between two adjacent upper ball joint units for positioning connection between the two adjacent upper ball joint units. The top surface of the upper ball joint unit has a fan-shaped groove, and a segmented straight rib and a ring rib are provided corresponding to the fan-shaped groove. The lower ball joint includes several lower ball joint units sequentially spliced ​​along the circumference; at least one connecting component is provided between two adjacent lower ball joint units for positioning connection between the two adjacent lower ball joint units; at least one force transmission component is provided on the outer peripheral wall of two adjacent lower ball joint units for transmitting shear force between the two adjacent lower ball joint units; a groove is opened on the bottom end face of the lower ball joint unit, and correspondingly, at least one casting channel communicating with the groove is provided on the top end face of the lower ball joint unit for pouring concrete into the groove to fix the lower ball joint unit on the lower turntable; Both the upper and lower ball joint units are fan-shaped, and the upper and lower ball joints are circular. The groove is a fan-shaped groove, which includes several radially arranged straight ribs and several annular ribs distributed in a ring, dividing the groove into several annular fan grooves. At least one air guide hole is provided on the groove wall surface shared by two adjacent annular fan grooves. At least one casting channel is provided on the top surface of each annular fan groove. The casting channel includes at least one vibration hole and at least one vent hole. Each vent hole is located at the position with the greatest distance from the lower turntable on the top surface of a single annular fan groove, so as to ensure that the air in the annular fan groove can be fully discharged.

2. The segmented assembled ball joint according to claim 1, wherein, At least one force transmission component is provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of two adjacent upper ball joint units to transmit the shear force between the two adjacent upper ball joint units.

3. The segmented assembled ball joint according to claim 2, wherein, The force transmission component includes shear grooves disposed on the outer peripheral walls of the two upper ball joint units and the lower ball joint unit, and shear keys fixedly installed in the shear grooves.

4. The segmented assembled ball joint according to claim 1, wherein, The connection assembly includes one or more of bolted connectors, cylindrical connectors, or tapered pin connectors.

Images