A damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of vibration damping devices, and discloses a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness, including an upper support, a viscous damper, multiple guide rails, a shear-type undamped rubber, an inertial mass assembly, and an outer wall. The upper support is located at one end of the outer wall; the viscous damper, shear-type undamped rubber, and inertial mass assembly are located inside the outer wall. One end of the viscous damper is connected to the upper support, and the other end is connected to the shear-type undamped rubber. The outer wall of the shear-type undamped rubber is fixedly connected to the outer wall. The inertial mass assembly is located at the other end inside the outer wall. A limiting hole is provided on the outer side of the outer wall, through which multiple guide rails pass, with one end connected to the upper support and the other end connected to the inertial mass assembly. This invention enables the equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping coefficient to change with frequency, exhibiting adaptive characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction devices, and more specifically, relates to a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, vibration control methods for structures generally include passive and semi-active control methods. However, for multimodal control of structures, conventional passive control often fails to meet the requirements, while semi-active and active control are mainly limited by their energy requirements and large size. Taking cable vibration control as an example, as the span of cable-stayed bridges increases, the cables also become longer, with many cables exceeding 600 meters. At this point, conventional passive control methods, due to fixed damping coefficients and installation location limitations, struggle to provide effective control across a wide range of vibration modes for ultra-long cables. While semi-active control offers better control performance than passive control in cable control, it requires external power supply, necessitating high-capacity energy storage equipment, which limits its application in bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness, which can realize that the equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping coefficient can change with the frequency, thus having adaptive characteristics and significantly expanding the control range of structural vibration modes.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness is provided, comprising an upper support, a viscous damper, multiple guide rails, a shear-type undamped rubber, an inertial mass assembly, and an outer wall, wherein: the upper support is disposed at one end of the outer wall; the viscous damper, the shear-type undamped rubber, and the inertial mass assembly are disposed inside the outer wall, wherein one end of the viscous damper is connected to the upper support, and the other end is connected to the shear-type undamped rubber, the outer wall of the shear-type undamped rubber is fixedly connected to the outer wall, and the inertial mass assembly is disposed at the other end of the outer wall; a limiting hole is provided on the outer side of the outer wall, the multiple guide rails pass through the limiting hole, and one end of each guide rail is connected to the upper support, and the other end is connected to the inertial mass assembly.

[0005] Preferably, the inertial mass assembly includes a rack, a gear, and a flywheel, the guide rail is connected to the rack and the two are parallel, and the gear meshes with the flywheel and the rack.

[0006] Preferably, the number of gears, racks, and guide rails is the same and they correspond one-to-one, and the number of flywheels is one.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a lower support, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall, and the flywheel is detachably connected to the lower support.

[0008] Preferably, the flywheel includes a counterweight plate, a main shaft, and gears. The counterweight plate is detachably connected to the main shaft, and the gear is sleeved on the main shaft and fixedly connected to the main shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of guide rails are evenly distributed on the outside of the outer wall.

[0010] Preferably, each guide rail passes through at least two limiting holes.

[0011] Preferably, the viscous damper is connected to the middle of the shear-type undamped rubber.

[0012] In summary, compared with the prior art, the damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. This application combines a viscous damper with adaptive damping and a shear-type undamped rubber with adaptive stiffness. This allows the equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping to change with the vibration frequency, thus exhibiting adaptive characteristics and significantly improving the control range of the modes. Furthermore, the viscous damper and the shear-type undamped rubber are connected in series and then in parallel with the inertial mass assembly. The series connection of the viscous damper and the shear-type rubber causes their equivalent damping to decrease with increasing frequency, while their equivalent stiffness continuously increases. Therefore, the introduction of the parallel inertial mass assembly effectively controls the overall equivalent stiffness by utilizing its equivalent negative stiffness characteristics.

[0014] 2. The inertial mass assembly of this application includes a rack, a gear, and a flywheel. Compared with the traditional ball screw structure, the present invention adopts a rack structure, which can greatly reduce unnecessary friction, avoid the damper from 'locking' under small amplitude vibration, and improve the control performance and durability of the damper.

[0015] 3. By using shear-type undamped rubber as the stiffness element, the stiffness coefficient of the stiffness element can be greatly improved, and the overall cost of the damper can be reduced, thereby improving the economy of the invention and expanding its application range in engineering.

[0016] 4. The flywheel of this application is detachable, which can meet the vibration reduction requirements of different vibration reduction methods. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness;

[0018] Figure 2It is a half-section view of a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the damper in this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent damping of the damper in this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent stiffness of the damper in this application.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0023] 1-Upper support; 2-Viscous damper; 3-Guide rail; 4-Shear-type undamped rubber; 5-Inertial mass assembly; 6-Outer wall; 7-Lower support; 51-Rack; 52-Gear; 53-Flywheel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] The present invention provides a damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness, comprising an upper support 1, a viscous damper 2, multiple guide rails 3, a shear-type undamped rubber 4, an inertial mass assembly 5, and an outer wall 6.

[0026] The upper support 1 is located at one end of the outer wall 6, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper support 1 is located at the upper end of the outer wall 6, and the upper support 1 is used to connect with the external structure.

[0027] The viscous damper 2, the shear-type undamped rubber 4, and the inertial mass assembly 5 are disposed inside the outer wall 6. One end of the viscous damper 2 is connected to the upper support 1, and the other end is connected to the shear-type undamped rubber 4. The outer wall of the shear-type undamped rubber 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall 6. The viscous damper 2 is connected to the middle of the shear-type undamped rubber 4, and the viscous damper and the rubber are connected in series to form a so-called Maxwell unit (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown). When the middle of the shear-type undamped rubber 4 moves up and down, the relative displacement between the sides and the middle provides shear stiffness, essentially making it a stiffness element. The shear-type undamped rubber 4 can provide greater stiffness than traditional spring elements, and at a lower cost.

[0028] The inertial mass assembly 5 is located at the other end of the outer wall 6, for example... Figure 1 In the middle, the inertial mass assembly is located at the lower end of the outer wall 6.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the inertial mass assembly 5 includes a rack 51, a gear 52, and a flywheel 53. The guide rail 3 is connected to the rack 51 and the two are parallel. The gear 52 meshes with the flywheel 53 and the rack 51.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, the number of gears 52, racks 51, and guide rails 3 are the same and correspond one-to-one, and the number of flywheels 53 is one.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment, the damper further includes a lower support 7, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall 6, and the flywheel 53 is detachably connected to the lower support 7.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment, the flywheel 53 includes a counterweight disc, a main shaft, and gears. The counterweight disc is detachably connected to the main shaft, and the flywheel is sleeved on the main shaft and fixedly connected to the main shaft.

[0033] The outer wall 6 has limiting holes on its outer side, through which multiple guide rails 3 pass. One end of each guide rail 3 is connected to the upper support 1, and the other end is connected to the inertial mass assembly 5. The limiting holes and guide rails on the outer wall 6 restrict the movement of the upper support 1, preventing lateral slippage or torsion. Simultaneously, the displacement of the upper support is transmitted to the internal rack via the guide rails, allowing it to move up and down. The outer wall 6 has corresponding vertical strip-shaped openings, allowing the external guide rails and internal rack 51 to connect across these openings and move vertically. When the rack 51 moves up and down, it drives the gears to rotate, which in turn drives the horizontally placed flywheel 53 to rotate, generating a mass effect. The rack 51, gear 52, and flywheel 53 together form an inertial mass system, whose inertial mass coefficient is determined by the moment of inertia of the flywheel 53, the gear ratio of the gears 52 and 53, and the gear ratio of the rack 51 and 52.

[0034] The upper support 1 is installed on the controlled structure. When the controlled structure vibrates and displaces, the upper support 1 displaces relative to the outer wall and moves up and down under the constraint of the guide rail 3. Since the upper end of the guide rail 3 is fixed on the upper support 1, when the upper support 1 moves up and down, it drives the guide rail 3 to move up and down. The lower end of the guide rail 3 is connected to the rack 51, which in turn drives the rack 51 to move up and down. The rack 51 meshes with the gear 52, which in turn meshes with the horizontally placed flywheel 53. Therefore, the up and down movement of the rack 51 drives the flywheel 53 to rotate, thereby generating a mass effect and providing an equivalent mass for the entire damper. At the same time, when the upper support moves, since the top of the viscous damper is fixed on the upper support, its top end displaces. The lower end of the viscous damper is connected to the shear-type undamped rubber, so the middle of the rubber also displaces under the transmission of force. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the equivalent damping of the damper in this application is provided. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the equivalent stiffness of the damper in this application is provided.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with existing passive control dampers, the damper provided by this invention, which has adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness, has equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping that change with the vibration frequency, thus exhibiting adaptive characteristics and enabling control over a wider modal range; for the inertial mass unit, compared with the traditional ball screw structure, this invention adopts a rack and pinion structure, which can greatly reduce unnecessary friction and prevent the damper from 'locking' under small-amplitude vibrations, thereby improving the control performance and durability of the damper; for the Maxwell unit, shear-type undamped rubber is used instead of the traditional spring stiffness element, which can significantly increase the stiffness coefficient of the stiffness element and reduce the overall cost of the damper, thereby improving the economy of this invention and expanding its application range in engineering.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damper with adaptive damping and adaptive stiffness, characterized in that, It includes an upper support (1), a viscous damper (2), multiple guide rails (3), a shear-type undamped rubber (4), an inertial mass assembly (5), and an outer wall (6), wherein: The upper support is located at one end of the outer wall (6); The viscous damper (2), the shear-type undamped rubber (4), and the inertial mass assembly (5) are disposed inside the outer wall (6). One end of the viscous damper (2) is connected to the upper support (1), and the other end is connected to the shear-type undamped rubber (4). The outer wall of the shear-type undamped rubber (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall (6), and the inertial mass assembly (5) is disposed at the other end inside the outer wall (6). The outer wall (6) is provided with a limiting hole on the outside, and multiple guide rails (3) pass through the limiting hole. One end of the guide rail (3) is connected to the upper support (1), and the other end is connected to the inertial mass assembly (5).

2. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inertial mass assembly (5) includes a rack (51), a gear (52) and a flywheel (53). The guide rail (3) is connected to the rack (51) and the two are parallel. The gear (52) meshes with the flywheel (53) and the rack (51).

3. The damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of gears (52), racks (51) and guide rails (3) are the same and correspond one-to-one, and the number of flywheels (53) is one.

4. The damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a lower support, the lower support (7) being fixedly connected to the outer wall (6), and the flywheel (53) being detachably connected to the lower support (7).

5. The damper according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, The flywheel (53) includes a counterweight plate, a main shaft and a gear. The counterweight plate is detachably connected to the main shaft, and the gear is sleeved on the main shaft and fixedly connected to the main shaft.

6. The damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Multiple guide rails (3) are evenly distributed on the outside of the outer wall (6).

7. The damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each guide rail (3) passes through at least two limiting holes.

8. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscous damper (2) is connected to the middle of the shear-type undamped rubber (4).

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