Suspension bridge cable clamp screw fastening force detection and tensioning integrated system and detection method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a suspension bridge cable clamp screw fastening force detection and supplementing system, which comprises an oil pressure device, a stretching device, a detection device, a sleeve, an upper half cable clamp and a lower half cable clamp, wherein the oil pressure device and the stretching device are arranged in the sleeve, the outer surfaces of the oil pressure device and the stretching device are in close contact with the inner surface of the sleeve, and there is no gap; the lower surface of the sleeve is in close contact with the upper surface of the upper half cable clamp; the upper half cable clamp and the lower half cable clamp are connected through a cable clamp screw and are fastened by a cable clamp nut; the loading mode and the loading force size are controlled by the oil pressure device, and the hydraulic oil is simultaneously delivered to the stretching device; the cable clamp screw is pulled by the stretching device; the whole system is integrated, the use volume is reduced, and the system is convenient to carry. The screw fastening force is detected by the detection device, the supplementing operation is completed by the stretching device after the detection is completed, the detection can be applied to different loosening direction nuts, and the system has the orientation adaptability of the cable clamp nut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, to the manufacture of equipment for testing the fastening force of suspension bridge cable clamp bolts, and particularly to an integrated system for testing and tensioning the fastening force of suspension bridge cable clamp bolts and its testing method. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the superstructure of a suspension bridge, the cable clamp is secured by clamp bolts during construction. The frictional resistance between the clamp and the main cable prevents slippage. However, due to factors such as main cable deformation, clamp bolt loosening and creep, thread slippage, and bridge vibration, the clamp nuts can loosen to varying degrees during bridge operation. This leads to different levels of preload loss in the clamp bolts, causing clamp slippage, redistribution of stress in the cable structure, and changes in the main structural alignment. In severe cases, this can even threaten the safe operation of the bridge. Therefore, it is essential to regularly inspect and re-tension the clamp bolts.

[0003] Currently, common methods for detecting bolt tightening force include the torque wrench method, ultrasonic method, sensor method, vibration method, and pull-out method. The torque wrench method has been systematically implemented in wind power projects, but its K-coefficient is difficult to obtain accurately. Its low accuracy and reliability make the detected bolt tightening force unreliable. Furthermore, in suspension bridges, bolts and nuts are susceptible to corrosion due to environmental factors, which amplifies the error of the torque wrench method. The need for aerial work on suspension bridges also increases the risk of this method. The ultrasonic method is relatively simple to operate, but it requires pre-calibration, is influenced by many factors, and even minor defects inside the bolt can cause waveform disturbances, making it impossible to obtain accurate tightening force. The sensor method can achieve real-time monitoring of bolt tightening force, but its deployment cost is high. The limited platform on suspension bridges makes it difficult to install, maintain, and replace certain types of sensors, especially when used in cable clamp bolts. The accuracy of the vibration method is usually related to the bolt length-to-diameter ratio. A lower length-to-diameter ratio is more suitable for measuring axial force by modal frequency changes, while the large length-to-diameter ratio of suspension bridge bolts leads to a significant reduction in measurement accuracy.

[0004] Compared to these methods, the pull-out method is simpler, less affected by environmental factors, and better suited to the complex environment of suspension bridges. Therefore, the pull-out method is mostly used to test the fastening force of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges. The pull-out method typically uses a jack to mechanically pull the bolt. When the load applied by the jack equals the axial force of the bolt, the nut will be unloaded and loosen. At this point, the load applied by the jack is considered the bolt's fastening force. Therefore, the equipment required for the pull-out method usually consists of an electric hydraulic pump and a puller. Traditional pull-out methods often rely on human judgment to determine nut looseness, making the method susceptible to human error, prone to large errors, and time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, currently common hydraulic equipment is large, heavy, and requires a power cord. During the operation of a suspension bridge, the space at the main cable location is narrow, the testing platform is small, and power connection is difficult, significantly increasing the difficulty of using hydraulic equipment and the danger of the testing process. Additionally, most current equipment can only perform fastening force testing; subsequent tensioning requires a separate set of equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide an integrated system and method for detecting and tensioning the fastening force of cable clamp screws in suspension bridges. This system not only reduces the size and eliminates the need for wiring, but also assists in the detection and tensioning of the screw fastening force, while being adaptable to the orientation of the cable clamp nuts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A suspension bridge cable clamp bolt fastening force detection and tension compensation integrated system is characterized by comprising a hydraulic device, a tensioning device, a detection device, a housing, an upper cable clamp, and a lower cable clamp. The hydraulic device and the tensioning device are housed within the housing, with their outer surfaces in close contact with the inner surface of the housing without gaps. The lower surface of the housing is in close contact with the upper surface of the upper cable clamp. The upper and lower cable clamps are connected by cable clamp bolts and fastened with cable clamp nuts.

[0008] The hydraulic device includes a housing, a battery, and an oil pump. The housing is generally a cuboid structure. A cuboid battery compartment is located on the top of the housing, with a first plug of straight slot shape protruding from the bottom surface of the battery compartment. A cuboid is hollowed out in the middle of the housing, creating an opening on one side. A first slot of straight slot shape protrudes from the upper surface of the hollowed-out section, and a circular oil tank hole is formed on the lower surface of the hollowed-out section. A cuboid is hollowed out inside the lower part of the housing to form an oil tank, through which hydraulic oil can be poured. A digital display is welded to the opposite side of the opening side of the housing.

[0009] The tensioning device includes a force-bearing cylinder, a lifting ring, and a threaded sleeve, wherein:

[0010] The force-bearing cylinder is a cylindrical structure with a hydraulic oil chamber inside. The bottom surface of the hydraulic oil chamber has an L-shaped oil hole that communicates with the side of the force-bearing cylinder. The oil hole is connected to the oil inlet by welding.

[0011] The lifting ring has a ring structure and is coaxially and sealed to the hydraulic oil chamber;

[0012] The screw sleeve is provided with an outer flange, and the upper end of the lifting ring abuts against the outer flange of the screw sleeve; the screw sleeve is provided with a central threaded hole that mates with the exposed threaded section of the cable clamp screw; the upper surface of the screw sleeve is provided with a hexahedral protrusion, which can be rotated to drive the screw sleeve to rotate, so that the cable clamp screw is screwed into the screw sleeve;

[0013] The lifting ring acts as the piston rod of the tensioning device. When hydraulic oil is pressed into the hydraulic oil chamber through the oil inlet, the lifting ring lifts the threaded sleeve. At this time, the tensioning device stretches the exposed section of the cable clamp screw through the threaded sleeve and the force-holding cylinder.

[0014] The detection device includes a detection ring, a base, a nut assembly, and a pin; wherein:

[0015] The detection ring is a cylindrical structure with two rotating hollowed-out areas inside, forming an inward-facing first flange, a second flange, and a third flange. The upper surface of the first flange has a buzzer with a combination of a hemisphere and a cylinder. The upper surface of the second flange has a cuboid reaction plate, with a PVDF piezoelectric film adhered to its side surface. The PVDF piezoelectric film is threaded through a wire and connected to the buzzer. A gap is left between the upper surface of the reaction plate and the lower surface of the first flange. A support is provided on the upper surface of the second flange, and the support is tightly connected to the spring sleeve by hot-melt welding. The third flange is bent outward to form a ball groove, containing several first balls that are tangentially in contact with the inner wall of the ball groove, allowing the first balls to roll freely along the groove.

[0016] According to the present invention, the upper surface of the battery has a handle, which is used to remove and replace the battery; the lower surface of the battery has a second slot with a straight groove cross-section, into which the first plug can be tightly inserted.

[0017] Specifically, the oil pump has a cylindrical structure and is placed in a hollowed-out area in the middle of the receiving box. The lower surface of the oil pump is connected to the inner bottom surface of the hollowed-out area in the middle of the receiving box by welding. Below the oil pump is an oil suction port with a combination of a frustum and a cylinder. The oil suction port can extend into the oil tank through the oil tank hole. An oil outlet extends outward from one side of the oil pump, and a first wire and a second wire extend out from the other side respectively. One end of the first wire is connected to a second plug, and the second plug can be tightly inserted into the first slot. One end of the second wire is connected to a digital display.

[0018] Furthermore, the base has an outward fourth flange on its upper surface, and a boss on the upper surface of the fourth flange; the base also has a handle, the handle has a short-distance cylindrical hollowed out inside, which passes through the surface of the handle's tail end to form a hole, and a square through hole is cut out of the cylinder to penetrate to the inner surface of the base; the handle's tail end has a pin, which is tightly connected to the handle by a hanging rope.

[0019] Preferably, the nut assembly is a cylinder with a hexagonal cutout at the center, allowing it to fit snugly around the clamp nut. The outer diameter of the nut assembly is equal to the inner diameter of the second flange and smaller than the inner diameter of the first flange and the lower surface of the base. A cuboid detection plate extends outward from the upper part of the nut assembly, and a detection spring is welded at the center of the detection plate. The detection spring can freely pass through a spring sleeve and is thermally fused to a PVDF piezoelectric film. The lower part of the nut assembly has a densely toothed structure.

[0020] Preferably, the ejector pin is a combination of a cylinder and a platform. The ejector pin has a pull rope at the tail end of the cylinder and a pointed end at the other end. The cylindrical part of the ejector pin has a pin hole through which the ejector pin passes. A spring is provided at the junction of the cylinder and the platform. The spring passes through the cylindrical part of the ejector pin and is welded to the junction, so that the spring can freely extend and retract along the cylindrical part of the ejector pin. The outer surface of the ejector pin is in close contact with the hollowed-out inner surface of the handle, and the spring can cause the ejector pin to extend and retract along the hollowed-out direction.

[0021] The aforementioned integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges is characterized by the following process:

[0022] The hydraulic device and the tensioning device are assembled separately. The oil outlet and the oil inlet are tightly connected by welding. The hydraulic device and the tensioning device are placed inside the housing. The cover plate is installed on the housing with screws. The cover plate has a round hole so that the hexagonal protrusion on the screw sleeve can pass through freely.

[0023] a. When the nut is loosened when turned clockwise.

[0024] Place the detection device on the cable clamp nut with the detection ring facing upwards. At this time, the nut kit just locks the cable clamp nut. There is a gap between the upper surface of the nut kit and the first flange, and the lower surface of the nut kit is in close contact with the base surface.

[0025] Pulling the cord compresses the spring, moves the pin inward and exposes the pin hole, inserts the pin into the pin hole, and the spring force causes the pin to lock into the end of the handle.

[0026] Install the tensioning device onto the cable clamp screw. Turn on the digital display switch, preset the target tension, set the linear loading mode to the preset tension, and start loading. When the cable clamp screw is loaded with the tightening force, the cable clamp nut (8) rotates clockwise, causing the nut kit to rotate clockwise. The detection plate generates displacement and presses the detection spring. The detection spring transmits the force to the PVDF piezoelectric film, causing the PVDF piezoelectric film to generate current and triggering the buzzer to produce a buzzing sound. At this time, read the tension reading on the digital display. This reading is the tightening force of the cable clamp screw.

[0027] Continue loading until the preset tension is reached. Pull the pin out of the pin hole. The ejector pin springs back, and its tip inserts into the densely toothed structure at the bottom of the nut assembly. Turn the handle clockwise. At this point, the ejector pin contacts the densely toothed structure at the bottom of the nut assembly, generating a downward thrust that compresses the spring, and the ejector pin springs back. Then turn the handle counterclockwise. The ejector pin contacts the densely toothed structure at the bottom of the nut assembly again, but it cannot generate a downward thrust, causing the ejector pin tip to be stuck in the toothed structure. At this point, the ejector pin drives the nut assembly to rotate counterclockwise, and the cable clamp nut is simultaneously tightened counterclockwise. After the cable clamp nut is tightened, the tensioning is complete. Depressurize and turn off the digital display. Repeat the above operation to perform the tensioning test on the next cable clamp screw.

[0028] b. When the nut is turned counterclockwise, it is considered loose.

[0029] Place the detection device on the cable clamp nut with the detection ring facing downwards. At this point, the nut assembly should be properly engaged with the cable clamp nut. There is a gap between the upper surface of the nut assembly and the base surface, while the lower surface of the nut assembly is in close contact with the upper surface of the first flange. Pulling the cord compresses the spring, causing the ejector pin to move inwards and expose the pin hole. Insert the pin into the pin hole, and the spring force will cause the pin to lock into the end of the handle.

[0030] Install the tensioning device onto the cable clamp screw. Turn on the digital display switch, preset the target tension force, set the linear loading mode to the preset tension force, and start loading. When the cable clamp screw is tightened, the cable clamp nut rotates counterclockwise, causing the nut assembly to rotate counterclockwise. The detection plate is displaced and presses the detection spring. The detection spring transmits the force to the PVDF piezoelectric film, causing the PVDF piezoelectric film to generate current, which excites the buzzer to produce a beeping sound. At this time, read the tension force reading on the digital display. This reading is the tightening force of the cable clamp screw.

[0031] Continue loading until the preset tension is reached. Pull the pin out of the pin hole. The ejector pin springs back, and its tip inserts into the densely toothed structure at the bottom of the nut assembly. Turn the handle counter-clockwise. At this point, the ejector pin contacts the densely toothed structure at the bottom of the nut assembly, generating a downward thrust that compresses the spring, causing the ejector pin to spring back. Then turn the handle clockwise. The ejector pin contacts the densely toothed structure at the bottom of the nut assembly again, but it cannot generate a downward thrust, causing the ejector pin tip to be stuck in the toothed structure. At this point, the ejector pin drives the nut assembly to rotate clockwise, simultaneously tightening the cable clamp nut clockwise. After the cable clamp nut is tightened, the tensioning is complete. Depressurize and turn off the digital display. Repeat the above operation to perform the tensioning test on the next cable clamp screw.

[0032] Specifically, after the detection ring, base, and nut assembly are installed, the outer surface of the third flange is in close contact with the surface of the base; the outer surface of the fourth flange is in close contact with the inner wall of the detection ring; the second ball is in tangential contact with the inner wall of the detection ring, the lower surface of the second flange, the side of the boss, and the upper surface of the fourth flange, allowing the second ball to roll freely; there is a gap between the upper surface of the boss and the second flange; there is a gap between the upper surface of the third flange and the fourth flange, and the outer surface of the nut assembly is in close contact with the outer surface of the second flange; both the detection ring and the nut assembly can rotate freely around the center.

[0033] The present invention relates to an integrated system for detecting and tensioning cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges. This system uses a hydraulic device to control the loading method and force, while simultaneously supplying hydraulic oil to a tensioning device. The tensioning device then pulls the cable clamp bolts. A housing accommodates both the hydraulic and tensioning devices, integrating the entire system into a single unit, reducing its size and making it easy to carry. The detection device measures the bolt tension, and the tensioning device then performs the tensioning operation. This system is applicable to detecting nuts in different loosening directions and is adaptable to the orientation of the cable clamp nuts. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated tensioning and tensioning system for detecting the fastening force of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall hydraulic device;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the hydraulic device;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the hydraulic device;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall tensioning device;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the tensioning device;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall detection device;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the detection device;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the detection device;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the detection device;

[0046] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of tightening the nut on the testing device;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first detection method of the detection device;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the second detection method of the detection device;

[0049] The markings in the diagram represent: 1. Hydraulic device, 2. Tensioning device, 3. Detection device, 4. Housing, 5. Upper cable clamp, 6. Lower cable clamp, 7. Cable clamp screw, 8. Cable clamp nut, 9. Housing, 10. Battery, 11. Oil pump, 12. Battery slot, 13. First plug, 14. First slot, 15. Oil tank hole, 16. Oil tank, 17. Digital display, 18. Handle, 19. Second slot, 20. Oil suction port, 21. Oil outlet, 22. First wire, 23. Second wire, 24. Force holder, 25. Lifting ring, 26. Screw sleeve, 27. Hydraulic oil chamber, 28. Oil hole. 29. Oil inlet; 30. Detection ring; 31. Base; 32. Nut kit; 33. Ejector pin; 34. First flange; 35. Second flange; 36. Third flange; 37. Buzzer; 38. Reaction plate; 39. PVDF piezoelectric film; 40. Wire; 41. Support; 42. Spring sleeve; 43. Ball groove; 44. First ball; 45. Fourth flange; 46. Boss; 47. Handle; 48. Pin; 49. Hanging rope; 50. Detection plate; 51. Detection spring; 52. Second ball; 53. Pull rope; 54. Pin hole; 55. Spring; 56. Cover plate; 57. Second plug.

[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0051] See Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment provides an integrated system for detecting and supplementing the tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges, comprising a hydraulic device 1, a tensioning device 2, a detection device 3, a housing 4, an upper cable clamp 5, and a lower cable clamp 6. The hydraulic device 1 and the tensioning device 2 are housed within the housing 4, with their outer surfaces in close contact with the inner surface of the housing 4 without gaps. The lower surface of the housing 4 is in close contact with the upper surface of the upper cable clamp 5. The upper cable clamp 5 and the lower cable clamp 6 are connected by cable clamp bolts 7 and secured with cable clamp nuts 8.

[0052] The hydraulic device 1 includes a housing 9, a battery 10, and an oil pump 11. The housing 9 is generally a cuboid structure. A cuboid battery slot 12 is located above the housing 9, with a first plug 13 of straight slot cross-section protruding from the bottom surface of the battery slot 12. A cuboid is hollowed out in the middle of the housing 9, creating an opening on one side. A first slot 14 of straight slot cross-section protrudes from the upper surface of the hollowed-out section, and a circular oil tank hole 15 is formed on the lower surface of the hollowed-out section. A cuboid is hollowed out inside the lower part of the housing 9 to form an oil tank 16, through which hydraulic oil can be injected into the oil tank 16 via the circular oil tank hole 15. A digital display 17 is welded to the opposite side of the opening side of the housing 9.

[0053] The battery 10 has a handle 18 on its upper surface, which allows for disassembly and replacement of the battery 10 by pulling the handle 18; the lower surface of the battery 10 has a second slot 19 with a straight groove cross-section, into which the first plug 13 can be tightly inserted.

[0054] The oil pump 11 is a cylindrical structure and is placed in the hollowed-out part of the housing 9. The lower surface of the oil pump 11 is welded to the inner bottom surface of the hollowed-out part of the housing 9. There is an oil suction port 20 with a combination of a frustum and a cylinder below the oil pump 11. The oil suction port 20 can extend into the oil tank 16 through the oil tank hole 15. An oil outlet 21 extends outward from one side of the oil pump 11, and a first wire 22 and a second wire 23 extend out from the other side. One end of the first wire 22 is connected to a second plug 57, which can be tightly inserted into the first slot 14. One end of the second wire 23 is connected to the digital display 17.

[0055] The tensioning device 2 includes a force-bearing cylinder 24, a lifting ring 25, and a threaded sleeve 26, wherein:

[0056] The force-bearing cylinder 24 is a cylindrical structure. Inside the force-bearing cylinder 24 is a hydraulic oil chamber 27. The bottom surface of the hydraulic oil chamber 27 has an L-shaped oil hole 28 that communicates with the side of the force-bearing cylinder 24. The oil hole 28 is connected to the oil inlet 29 by welding.

[0057] The lifting ring 25 is a ring structure and is coaxially and sealed to the hydraulic oil chamber 27.

[0058] The threaded sleeve 26 has an outer flange, and the upper end of the lifting ring 25 abuts against the outer flange of the threaded sleeve 26. The threaded sleeve 26 has a central threaded hole that mates with the exposed section of the cable clamp screw 7. The upper surface of the threaded sleeve 26 has a hexahedral protrusion, which can be rotated to rotate the threaded sleeve 26, causing the cable clamp screw 7 to screw into the threaded sleeve 26. The lifting ring 25 acts as the piston rod of the tensioning device 2. When hydraulic oil is pressed into the hydraulic oil chamber 27 through the oil inlet 29, the lifting ring 25 can lift the threaded sleeve 26. At this time, the tensioning device 2 can stretch the exposed section of the cable clamp screw 8 through the threaded sleeve 26 and the force-bearing cylinder 24.

[0059] The detection device 3 includes a detection ring 30, a base 31, a nut assembly 32, and a pin 33. The detection ring 30 is a cylindrical structure with two rotating hollows inside, forming an inwardly facing first flange 34, second flange 35, and third flange 36. The upper surface of the first flange 34 has a buzzer 37 constructed from a combination of a hemisphere and a cylinder. The upper surface of the second flange 35 has a cuboid reaction plate 38, with a PVDF piezoelectric film 39 adhered to its side surface. The PVDF piezoelectric film 39 is threaded through a wire 40 and connected to the buzzer 37. A gap exists between the upper surface of the reaction plate 38 and the lower surface of the first flange 34. The upper surface of the second flange 35 also has a support 41, which is tightly connected to the spring sleeve 42 by heat fusion welding. The third flange 36 bends outward to form a ball groove 43. The ball groove 43 contains a number of first balls 44. The first balls 44 are in tangential contact with the inner wall of the ball groove 43, so that the first balls 44 can roll freely along the ball groove 43.

[0060] The base 31 has an outward-facing fourth flange 45 on its upper surface, and a boss 46 on its upper surface. The base 31 has a handle 47, inside which a short-distance cylindrical cavity is hollowed out, forming a hole through the end surface of the handle 47. Immediately following the hollowed-out cylinder, a square through hole extends to the inner surface of the base 31. The end of the handle 47 has a pin 48, which is tightly connected to the handle 47 by a hanging rope 49. The nut assembly 32 is a cylindrical structure with a hexagonal cutout at the center, allowing it to fit snugly around the cable clamp nut 8. The outer diameter of the nut assembly 32 is equal to the inner diameter of the second flange 35, but smaller than the inner diameter of the first flange 34 and the lower surface of the base 31. A cuboid detection plate 50 extends outward from the upper part of the nut assembly 32, and a detection spring 51 is welded at the center of the detection plate 50. The detection spring 51 can freely pass through the spring sleeve 42 and is thermally fused to the PVDF piezoelectric film 39. The lower part of the nut assembly 32 has a densely toothed structure.

[0061] In this embodiment, the ejector pin 33 is a combination structure of a cylinder and a platform. The ejector pin 33 has a pull rope 53 at the tail end of the cylinder and a pointed end at the other end. The cylindrical part of the ejector pin 33 is provided with a pin hole 54 through which the ejector pin 33 passes. A spring 55 is provided at the junction of the cylinder and the platform of the ejector pin 33. The spring 55 passes through the cylindrical part of the ejector pin 33 and is welded to the junction, so that the spring 55 can freely extend and retract along the cylindrical part of the ejector pin 33. The outer surface of the ejector pin 33 can be in close contact with the hollowed-out inner surface of the handle 47, and the spring 55 can make the ejector pin 33 extend and retract along the hollowed-out direction.

[0062] The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts using the above-described embodiment includes the following process for detecting the tightening force and tension of cable clamp bolts:

[0063] The hydraulic device 1 and the tensioning device 2 are assembled. The oil outlet 21 and the oil inlet 29 are tightly connected by welding. The hydraulic device 1 and the tensioning device 2 are placed inside the housing 4. The cover plate 56 is installed on the housing 4 by screws. The cover plate 56 has a round hole that allows the hexagonal protrusion on the threaded sleeve 26 to pass through freely.

[0064] a. When the nut is loosened when turned clockwise.

[0065] The detection device 3 is placed on the cable clamp nut 8 with the detection ring 30 facing upwards. At this time, the nut assembly 32 can just hold the cable clamp nut 8. There is a gap between the upper surface of the nut assembly 32 and the first flange 34, and the lower surface of the nut assembly 32 is in close contact with the surface of the base 31. Pulling the pull rope 53 compresses the spring 55, moves the pin 33 inward and exposes the pin hole 54, inserts the pin 48 into the pin hole 54, and the elastic force of the spring 55 allows the pin 48 to be locked at the end of the handle 47.

[0066] Install the tensioning device 2 onto the cable clamp screw 7. Turn on the digital display 17, preset the target tension, set the linear loading mode to the preset tension, and start loading. When the cable clamp screw 7 is tightened, the cable clamp nut 8 rotates clockwise, causing the nut assembly 32 to rotate clockwise. The detection plate 50 is displaced and presses the detection spring 51. The detection spring 51 transmits the force to the PVDF piezoelectric film 39, causing the PVDF piezoelectric film 39 to generate current, which excites the buzzer 37 to produce a buzzing sound. At this time, read the tension reading on the digital display 17. This reading is the tightening force of the cable clamp screw 7.

[0067] Continue loading until the preset tension is reached. Pull the pin 48 out of the pin hole 54. The ejector pin 33 springs back, and its tip can insert into the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly 32. Rotate the handle 47 clockwise. At this time, the ejector pin 33 contacts the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly 32, generating a downward thrust that compresses the spring 55, allowing the ejector pin 33 to spring back. Then rotate the handle 47 counterclockwise. The ejector pin 33 contacts the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly 32, but cannot generate a downward thrust, causing the tip of the ejector pin 33 to be stuck by the toothed structure. At this time, the ejector pin 33 drives the nut assembly 32 to rotate counterclockwise, and the cable clamp nut 8 is simultaneously driven to tighten counterclockwise. After the cable clamp nut 8 is tightened, the tensioning is completed. Depressurize and turn off the digital display 17. Repeat the above operation to perform the detection and tensioning work for the next cable clamp screw 7.

[0068] b. When the nut is turned counterclockwise, it is considered loose.

[0069] The detection device 3 is placed on the cable clamp nut 8 with the detection ring 30 facing downwards. At this time, the nut assembly 32 can just hold the cable clamp nut 8. There is a gap between the upper surface of the nut assembly 32 and the surface of the base 31, and the lower surface of the nut assembly 32 is in close contact with the upper surface of the first flange 34. Pulling the pull rope 53 compresses the spring 55, moves the ejector pin 33 inward and exposes the pin hole 54, inserts the pin 48 into the pin hole 54, and the elastic force of the spring 55 allows the pin 48 to be locked at the end of the handle 47.

[0070] Install the tensioning device 2 onto the cable clamp screw 7. Turn on the digital display 17, preset the target tension, set the linear loading mode to the preset tension, and start loading. When the cable clamp screw 7 is tightened, the cable clamp nut 8 rotates counterclockwise, causing the nut assembly 32 to rotate counterclockwise. The detection plate 50 is displaced and presses the detection spring 51. The detection spring 51 transmits the force to the PVDF piezoelectric film 39, causing the PVDF piezoelectric film 39 to generate current, which excites the buzzer 37 to produce a buzzing sound. At this time, read the tension reading on the digital display 17. This reading is the tightening force of the cable clamp screw 7.

[0071] Continue loading until the preset tension is reached. Pull the pin 48 out of the pin hole 54. The ejector pin 33 springs back, and its tip can insert into the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly 32. Rotate the handle 47 counterclockwise. At this time, the ejector pin 33 contacts the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly 32, generating a downward thrust, compressing the spring 55, and the ejector pin 33 is able to spring back. Then rotate the handle 47 clockwise. The ejector pin 33 contacts the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly 32, but cannot generate a downward thrust, causing the tip of the ejector pin 33 to be stuck by the toothed structure. At this time, the ejector pin 33 drives the nut assembly 32 to rotate clockwise, and the cable clamp nut 8 is simultaneously driven to tighten clockwise. After the cable clamp nut 8 is tightened, the tensioning is completed. Depressurize and turn off the digital display 17. Repeat the above operation to perform the detection and tensioning work for the next cable clamp screw 7.

[0072] After the detection ring 30, base 31, and nut assembly 32 are installed, the outer surface of the third flange 36 can be in close contact with the surface of the base 31; the outer surface of the fourth flange 45 can also be in close contact with the inner wall of the detection ring 30; the second ball 52 is in tangential contact with the inner wall of the detection ring 30, the lower surface of the second flange 35, the side of the boss 46, and the upper surface of the fourth flange 45, allowing the second ball 52 to roll freely; there is a gap between the upper surface of the boss 46 and the second flange 35; there is a gap between the upper surface of the third flange 36 and the fourth flange 45. The outer surface of the nut assembly 32 is in close contact with the outer surface of the second flange 35. Both the detection ring 30 and the nut assembly 32 can rotate freely around the center.

[0073] In summary, the integrated system for detecting and tensioning cable clamp bolts in this embodiment controls the loading method and force through a hydraulic device, while simultaneously supplying hydraulic oil to the tensioning device. The tensioning device then pulls the cable clamp bolts. The housing accommodates both the hydraulic and tensioning devices, integrating the entire system into a single unit, reducing its size and making it easy to carry. The detection device measures the bolt tension, and the tensioning device performs the tensioning operation after the detection is complete. This system is applicable to detecting nuts in different loosening directions and is adaptable to the orientation of the cable clamp nuts.

Claims

1. A suspension bridge cable clamp bolt fastening force detection and tension compensation integrated system, characterized in that, The device includes a hydraulic device (1), a tensioning device (2), a detection device (3), a housing (4), an upper cable clamp (5), and a lower cable clamp (6). The hydraulic device (1) and the tensioning device (2) are placed inside the housing (4). The outer surfaces of the hydraulic device (1) and the tensioning device (2) are in close contact with the inner surface of the housing (4) without any gaps. The lower surface of the housing (4) is in close contact with the upper surface of the upper cable clamp (5). The upper cable clamp (5) and the lower cable clamp (6) are connected by a cable clamp screw (7) and fastened with a cable clamp nut (8). The hydraulic device (1) includes a housing (9), a battery (10), and an oil pump (11); wherein, the housing (9) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; the housing (9) has a rectangular parallelepiped battery slot (12) on its upper part, and a first plug (13) with a straight slot protruding from the bottom surface of the battery slot (12); a rectangular parallelepiped is hollowed out in the middle of the housing (9) to create an opening on one side of the housing (9), and a first slot (14) with a straight slot protruding from the upper surface of the hollowed-out section, and a circular oil tank hole (15) is opened on the lower surface of the hollowed-out section; a rectangular parallelepiped is hollowed out inside the housing (9) to form an oil tank (16), and hydraulic oil can be poured into the oil tank (16) through the circular oil tank hole (15); a digital display (17) is welded to the opposite side of the opening side of the housing (9); The tensioning device (2) includes a force-bearing cylinder (24), a lifting ring (25), and a screw sleeve (26), wherein: The force-bearing cylinder (24) is a cylindrical structure. The inside of the force-bearing cylinder (24) has a hydraulic oil chamber (27). The bottom surface of the hydraulic oil chamber (27) has an L-shaped oil hole (28) that communicates with the side of the force-bearing cylinder (24). The oil hole (28) is connected to the oil inlet (29) by welding. The lifting ring (25) is a ring structure and is coaxially and sealed to the hydraulic oil chamber (27); The screw sleeve (26) is provided with an outer flange, and the upper end of the lifting ring (25) abuts against the outer flange of the screw sleeve (26); the screw sleeve (26) is provided with a central threaded hole that engages with the exposed threaded section of the cable clamp screw (7); the upper surface of the screw sleeve (26) is provided with a hexahedral protrusion, which can be rotated to drive the screw sleeve (26) to rotate, so that the cable clamp screw (7) is screwed into the screw sleeve (26); The lifting ring (25) serves as the piston rod of the tensioning device (2). When hydraulic oil is pressed into the hydraulic oil chamber (27) through the oil inlet (29), the lifting ring (25) lifts the threaded sleeve (26). At this time, the tensioning device (2) stretches the exposed section of the cable clamp screw (7) through the threaded sleeve (26) and the force-bearing cylinder (24). The detection device (3) includes a detection ring (30), a base (31), a nut assembly (32), and a pin (33); wherein: The detection ring (30) is a cylindrical structure with two rotating hollowed-out areas inside, forming an inwardly facing first flange (34), second flange (35), and third flange (36). The upper surface of the first flange (34) has a buzzer (37) with a combination of a hemisphere and a cylinder. The upper surface of the second flange (35) has a cuboid reaction plate (38), and a PVDF piezoelectric film (39) is pasted on the side surface of the reaction plate (38). The PVDF piezoelectric film (39) is passed through a wire (40) to the buzzer. The device (37) is connected to it; the upper surface of the reaction plate (38) and the lower surface of the first flange (34) are separated; a support (41) is provided on the upper surface of the second flange (35), and the support (41) and the spring sleeve (42) are tightly connected by hot melt welding; the third flange (36) is bent outward to form a ball groove (43), and the ball groove (43) contains a number of first balls (44), and the first balls (44) are in tangential contact with the inner wall of the ball groove (43), so that the first balls (44) roll freely along the ball groove (43).

2. The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the battery (10) has a handle (18), which can be used to remove and replace the battery (10) by pulling the handle (18); the lower surface of the battery (10) has a second slot (19) with a straight groove cross-section, and the first plug (13) can be tightly inserted into the second slot (19).

3. The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oil pump (11) is a cylinder. The oil pump (11) is placed in the hollowed-out part of the housing (9). The lower surface of the oil pump (11) is connected to the inner bottom surface of the hollowed-out part of the housing (9) by welding. There is an oil suction port (20) with a combination of a frustum and a cylinder below the oil pump (11). The oil suction port (20) can extend into the oil tank (16) through the oil tank hole (15). An oil outlet (21) extends out from one side of the oil pump (11), and a first wire (22) and a second wire (23) extend out from the other side respectively. One end of the first wire (22) is connected to a second plug (57). The second plug (57) can be tightly inserted into the first slot (14). One end of the second wire (23) is connected to the digital display (17).

4. The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base (31) has an outward fourth flange (45) on its upper surface, and a boss (46) on the upper surface of the fourth flange (45). The base (31) also has a handle (47), which has a short-distance cylindrical hollowed out inside, forming a hole through the end surface of the handle (47). The cylindrical hollowed out has a square through hole that extends to the inner surface of the base (31). The end of the handle (47) has a pin (48), which is tightly connected to the handle (47) by a hanging rope (49).

5. The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nut kit (32) is a cylinder with a hexagonal cutout at the center, so that the nut kit (32) fits onto the cable clamp nut (8) and makes tight contact; the outer diameter of the nut kit (32) is equal to the inner diameter of the second flange (35) and smaller than the inner diameter of the first flange (34) and the lower surface of the base (31); a cuboid detection plate (50) extends outward from the upper part of the nut kit (32), and a detection spring (51) is welded at the center of the detection plate (50). The detection spring (51) can freely pass through the spring sleeve (42) and is thermally fused to the PVDF piezoelectric film (39) for tight connection; the lower part of the nut kit (32) is provided with a dense toothed structure.

6. The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ejector pin (33) is a combination of a cylinder and a platform. The ejector pin (33) has a pull rope (53) at the tail end of the cylinder and a pointed end at the other end. The cylindrical part of the ejector pin (33) is provided with a pin hole (54) through which the ejector pin (33) passes. A spring (55) is provided at the junction of the cylinder and the platform of the ejector pin (33). The spring (55) passes through the cylindrical part of the ejector pin (33) and is welded to the junction, so that the spring (55) can freely extend and retract along the cylindrical part of the ejector pin (33). The outer surface of the ejector pin (33) is in close contact with the hollowed-out inner surface of the handle (47), and the spring (55) causes the ejector pin (33) to extend and retract along the hollowed-out direction.

7. The integrated system for detecting and supplementing tension of cable clamp bolts in suspension bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process includes the following: The hydraulic device (1) and the tensioning device (2) are assembled. The oil outlet (21) and the oil inlet (29) are tightly connected by welding. The hydraulic device (1) and the tensioning device (2) are placed inside the housing (4). The cover plate (56) is installed on the housing (4) by screws. The cover plate (56) has a round hole so that the hexagonal protrusion on the threaded sleeve (26) can pass through freely. a. When the nut is loosened when turned clockwise. The detection device (3) is placed on the cable clamp nut (8) with the detection ring (30) facing upward. At this time, the nut kit (32) just clamps the cable clamp nut (8). There is a gap between the upper surface of the nut kit (32) and the first flange (34), and the lower surface of the nut kit (32) is in close contact with the surface of the base (31). Pulling the cord (53) compresses the spring (55), causing the pin (33) to move inward and expose the pin hole (54). Insert the pin (48) into the pin hole (54), and the elastic force of the spring (55) causes the pin (48) to be locked at the end of the handle (47). Install the tensioning device (2) onto the cable clamp screw (7). At this time, turn on the digital display (17) switch, preset the target tension, set the linear loading mode to the preset tension, and start loading. When the cable clamp screw (7) is loaded with the tightening force, the cable clamp nut (8) rotates clockwise, driving the nut kit (32) to rotate clockwise. The detection plate (50) generates displacement to press the detection spring (51). The detection spring (51) transmits the force to the PVDF piezoelectric film (39), causing the PVDF piezoelectric film (39) to generate current, which excites the buzzer (37) to produce a buzzing sound. At this time, read the tension reading of the digital display (17). This reading is the tightening force of the cable clamp screw (7). Continue loading until the preset tension is reached. Pull the pin (48) out of the pin hole (54). The ejector pin (33) springs back, and the tip of the ejector pin (33) inserts into the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly (32). Turn the handle (47) clockwise. At this time, the ejector pin (33) contacts the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly (32), generating a downward thrust, compressing the spring (55), and the ejector pin (33) is released. Then turn the handle (47) counterclockwise. When the ejector pin (33) contacts the dense toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly (32), it cannot generate a downward thrust, causing the tip of the ejector pin (33) to be stuck by the toothed structure. At this time, the ejector pin (33) drives the nut assembly (32) to rotate counterclockwise, and the cable clamp nut (8) is simultaneously driven to tighten counterclockwise. After the cable clamp nut (8) is tightened, the tensioning is completed. The pressure is released and the digital display (17) is turned off. The above operation is repeated to perform the detection and tensioning work of the next cable clamp screw (7). b. When the nut is turned counterclockwise, it is considered loose. Place the detection device (3) on the cable clamp nut (8) with the detection ring (30) facing downwards. At this time, the nut kit (32) just locks the cable clamp nut (8). There is a gap between the upper surface of the nut kit (32) and the surface of the base (31). The lower surface of the nut kit (32) is in close contact with the upper surface of the first flange (34). Pull the pull rope (53) to compress the spring (55). The pin (33) moves inward and exposes the pin hole (54). Insert the pin (48) into the pin hole (54). The elastic force of the spring (55) makes the pin (48) lock into the end of the handle (47). Install the tensioning device (2) onto the cable clamp screw (7). At this time, turn on the digital display (17) switch, preset the target tension, set the linear loading mode to the preset tension, and start loading. When the cable clamp screw (7) is loaded with the tightening force, the cable clamp nut (8) rotates counterclockwise, driving the nut kit (32) to rotate counterclockwise. The detection plate (50) generates displacement to press the detection spring (51). The detection spring (51) transmits the force to the PVDF piezoelectric film (39), causing the PVDF piezoelectric film (39) to generate current, which excites the buzzer (37) to produce a buzzing sound. At this time, read the tension reading of the digital display (17). This reading is the tightening force of the cable clamp screw (7). Continue loading until the preset tension is reached. Pull the pin (48) out of the pin hole (54). The ejector pin (33) springs back, and the tip of the ejector pin (33) inserts into the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly (32). Turn the handle (47) counterclockwise. At this time, the ejector pin (33) contacts the densely toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly (32), generating a downward thrust, compressing the spring (55), and the ejector pin (33) is released. Then turn the handle (47) clockwise. When the ejector pin (33) contacts the dense toothed structure in the lower part of the nut assembly (32), it cannot generate a downward thrust, causing the tip of the ejector pin (33) to be stuck by the toothed structure. At this time, the ejector pin (33) drives the nut assembly (32) to rotate clockwise, and the cable clamp nut (8) is simultaneously driven to tighten clockwise. After the cable clamp nut (8) is tightened, the tensioning is completed. The pressure is released and the digital display (17) is turned off. The above operation is repeated to perform the detection and tensioning work of the next cable clamp screw (7).

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, After the detection ring (30), base (31), and nut kit (32) are installed, the outer surface of the third flange (36) is in close contact with the surface of the base (31); the outer surface of the fourth flange (45) is in close contact with the inner wall of the detection ring (30); the second ball (52) is in tangential contact with the inner wall of the detection ring (30), the lower surface of the second flange (35), the side of the boss (46), and the upper surface of the fourth flange (45), so that the second ball (52) rolls freely; there is a gap between the upper surface of the boss (46) and the second flange (35); there is a gap between the upper surface of the third flange (36) and the fourth flange (45); the outer surface of the nut kit (32) is in close contact with the outer surface of the second flange (35); the detection ring (30) and the nut kit (32) both rotate freely around the center.

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