Device for measuring specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a device for measuring specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and a measuring method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thermal physical property measurement of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. The device comprises a testing system and a data acquisition and calculation system; the testing system comprises a heat preservation shell (1), and a heat preservation layer (2) is arranged in the heat preservation shell (1); a heating and temperature measuring part is arranged in the heat preservation layer (2), a heating copper sheet (3) is arranged at the bottom of the heating and temperature measuring part, the heating copper sheet (3) is provided with a temperature-controllable flexible heating film at the bottom, and a first patch type temperature sensor (5) is attached to the top surface of the heating copper sheet (3); a top cover is arranged at the top end of the heat preservation shell (1), a heat transfer copper sheet (4) is arranged on the inner surface of the top cover, and a second patch type temperature sensor (6) is arranged on the lower surface of the heat transfer copper sheet (4). The specific heat capacity and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces can be simply measured without being crushed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, belonging to the field of thermal property measurement technology of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. Background Technology

[0002] Specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity are common physical parameters characterizing the thermal properties of materials, and are used in many fields such as building material preparation and fresh food storage. However, traditional testing instruments generally require the solid material to be pulverized into powder before measurement when measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of solid materials. For samples with non-homogeneous materials, the specific heat capacity measured by this method has a certain deviation. At the same time, due to the inherent characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, there is a significant difference between the powdered and original state of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. Therefore, a measuring device that can directly measure the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces is needed.

[0003] Existing testing instruments for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of solids have strict requirements on sample size, often requiring samples to be pulverized before measurement. The specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the same sample can vary depending on its size, and the sample preparation process is relatively complex, making it difficult to ensure complete uniformity in sample size. However, in actual production applications, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces are not used after pulverization. Therefore, we propose a device and method for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of TCM decoction pieces, enabling the measurement of these properties in their original state. The obtained specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of TCM decoction pieces can be used to characterize their thermal properties, and the acquired data can be used to analyze the heat transfer uniformity of TCM decoction pieces and its impact on processing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing a device for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese herbal medicine slices, which can achieve simple measurement of the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese herbal medicine slices without the need for crushing.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for calculating the specific heat capacity of medicinal herb slices using an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of medicinal herb slices.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for calculating the thermal conductivity of medicinal herb slices using an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of medicinal herb slices.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for calculating the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese medicinal herbs, and its application in determining the heat treatment temperature for processing Chinese medicinal herbs.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] An apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, comprising a testing system and a data acquisition and calculation system;

[0011] The testing system includes an insulated outer shell with an added insulation layer inside; the insulation layer contains a heating and temperature measuring part, the bottom of which is provided with a heating copper sheet, the bottom of which has a controllable flexible heating film, and a first patch-type temperature sensor is attached to the top surface of which.

[0012] The top of the heat-insulating shell is provided with a top cover, the inner surface of the top cover is provided with a heat transfer copper sheet, and the lower surface of the heat transfer copper sheet is provided with a second patch-type temperature sensor.

[0013] The data acquisition and computing system includes a programmable logic controller;

[0014] The first surface mount temperature sensor and the second surface mount temperature sensor are respectively connected to the programmable logic controller via wires.

[0015] The second patch-type temperature sensor is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the heat transfer copper sheet.

[0016] The insulation layer is made of nano-aerogel.

[0017] The controllable flexible heating film is a circular film with a diameter of 100mm, an operating voltage of 12V, a resistance of 5.76Ω, and a heating power of 25W.

[0018] The method for calculating the specific heat capacity of medicinal slices using the measurement method of the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0019] During the heating process of the copper sheet, the overall energy within the device conforms to the following relationship:

[0020] Q 总 =Q 加热铜片 +Q 传热铜片 +Q p (1)

[0021] In equation (1), Q 总 Q represents the total heat generated during the heating process. 加热铜片 Q represents the amount of heat absorbed during the heating process of the copper sheet. 传热铜片 Q represents the amount of heat absorbed by the heat transfer copper plate. p The amount of heat absorbed by the filling of the medicinal slices during the entire heating process;

[0022] All the heat within the device is generated by a controllable, flexible heating film attached to the heating copper sheet. The heat generated by the controllable, flexible heating film is determined based on its power and heating time.

[0023] Q 总 =Pt s =Q 加热铜片 +Q 传热铜片 +Q p (2)

[0024] In equation (2), t s The moment heating stops; P is the heating power of the controllable flexible heating film;

[0025] During heating, the temperatures of both the heating copper sheet and the heat transfer copper sheet rise from their initial temperatures. After heating stops, the temperature of the entire device remains constant for a period of time. Therefore:

[0026]

[0027] In equation (3), m 铜 c is the weight of the heating or heat transfer copper sheet; 铜 This refers to the specific heat capacity of the heating copper sheet or the heat transfer copper sheet; the heating copper sheet and the heat transfer copper sheet have the same weight and specific heat capacity, m. p c is the weight of the medicinal slices; p T0 is the specific heat capacity of the medicinal slices; T0 is the initial temperature. To balance the temperature of the device;

[0028] Performing operations on both sides of equation (3), we get:

[0029]

[0030] The method for measuring the thermal conductivity of medicinal slices in this invention is as follows:

[0031] Assume the medicinal slices are isotropic, with a constant thermal conductivity κ, and that they conform to a linear heat conduction process;

[0032] At any time t and at the height x of the medicinal slice, if the heat passing through dt is Q(x,t) and the heat flux is q(x,t), then:

[0033] dQ(x,t)=[T(t+dt)Cp ρ A·dxdt(5)

[0034] In equation (5), ρ is the density of the medicinal slices, and A is the area of ​​the medicinal slices being heated;

[0035] Expanding the right side of equation (5) using Taylor expansion and performing double integration on both sides, we get:

[0036] dQ(x,t)=T′(t)C p ρA·dxdt (6)

[0037] Integrating x from 0 to L, where L is the stacking height of the medicinal slices, and shifting dt and A to the left, we get:

[0038]

[0039] Substituting into Fourier's law of heat conduction, we get:

[0040]

[0041] In equation (8), T(t) is the real-time temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet at time t. b (t) represents the real-time temperature of the heated copper sheet at time t;

[0042] After separating the variables in equation (8), we solve the differential equation to obtain:

[0043]

[0044] In equation (9), T s For t s The moment when heating stops is the temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet; t0 is the moment when the temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet just begins to rise; T0 is the temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet at time t0.

[0045] make Substituting into equation (9), we get:

[0046]

[0047] The method of using the device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0048] S1, Place the device on the target horizontal surface;

[0049] S2, remove the top cover of the device and fill it with the Chinese herbal medicine pieces to be tested;

[0050] S3, After the Chinese herbal medicine pieces to be tested fill the entire device, cover it with the top cover;

[0051] S4, Adjust the device, turn on the power, adjust the heating temperature, and record the temperature changes of the heating copper sheet, the heat transfer copper sheet and the Chinese herbal medicine pieces;

[0052] S5. After heating for a period of time, turn off the power to the controllable gentle heating film to stop heating;

[0053] S6: The programmable logic controller inputs data on Chinese herbal medicine slices and calculates the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the Chinese herbal medicine slices.

[0054] Data on prepared Chinese medicinal herbs include the stacking height L, density ρ, heating area A, and weight m of the heating or heat transfer copper sheet. 铜 Weight of Chinese medicinal herbs (m) pIncluding heating temperature and heating time.

[0055] The application of the measurement method of the present invention in determining the heat temperature for processing Chinese herbal medicine slices.

[0056] The insulation shell is a cylindrical plastic shell with a diameter of 105mm and a height of 205mm. A 3mm thick aerogel insulation layer (nano aerogel) is added inside the insulation shell.

[0057] Both the heat transfer copper sheet and the heating copper sheet are H62 round brass sheets of uniform material, with a diameter of 100mm and a thickness of 3mm.

[0058] The controllable and flexible heating film is a circular film made by Shanghai Songdao Heating Sensor Co., Ltd., with a diameter of 100mm, an operating voltage of 12V, a resistance of 5.76Ω, and a heating power of 25W.

[0059] Both the first and second patch temperature sensors are commercially available K-type adhesive thermocouples from the brand Kapson, with a length and width of 20mm and 12mm, respectively.

[0060] The device of the present invention is generally rectangular, the testing system is cylindrical, the heat insulation shell is made of plastic with a 3mm thick insulation layer inside, and the top cover of the heat insulation shell is removable.

[0061] The programmable logic controller is model number Shankong SK2070-242RT-M.

[0062] The data acquisition and computing system includes a programmable logic controller (PLC) that connects two surface-mount temperature sensors via wires to collect temperature information during the heating process. It records the temperature change every second during the test and can display real-time curves, bar charts, and list data views. The temperature data during the test can be exported.

[0063] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. The device and method for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese herbal medicine slices provided by the present invention reduce the complexity of test sample preparation while ensuring the original state of the Chinese herbal medicine slices. The test sample does not need to be crushed before testing. The sample only needs to be loaded into the device. This method avoids the possible influences during the sample preparation process.

[0065] 2. The device and method for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese herbal medicine slices provided by the present invention can measure Chinese herbal medicine slices of different sizes and specifications. At the same time, it does not require special treatment of the Chinese herbal medicine slices, and preserves the original state of the Chinese herbal medicine slices. It can realize the measurement of specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese herbal medicine slices in various forms. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper right side view of the device of the present invention after it is filled with Chinese herbal medicine slices;

[0067] Figure 2 These are three views of the device of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 This is a temperature change diagram of the heating process of the medicinal slices according to the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heating and heat transfer model of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 5 This is the integral operation diagram of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 This is a temperature change diagram of the heating process of raw Astragalus membranaceus slices according to the present invention;

[0072] Figure 7 This is an integral calculation diagram of raw Astragalus membranaceus slices according to the present invention;

[0073] Figure 8 This is a temperature change diagram of the heating process of raw licorice slices according to the present invention;

[0074] Figure 9 This is an integral calculation diagram of raw licorice slices according to the present invention;

[0075] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the temperature change at the center of the medicinal slices during the stir-frying process of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] like Figures 1-2 As shown, an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a testing system and a data acquisition and calculation system. It includes an insulated outer shell 1, with an internal insulation layer 2 made of 3mm thick aerogel material to prevent energy loss and maintain the overall temperature of the apparatus. A heating copper plate 3 is fixed to the bottom of the insulated outer shell 1, and its bottom has a controllable flexible heating film. A first surface-mount temperature sensor 5 is attached to the top surface of the heating copper plate 3, and a second surface-mount temperature sensor 6 is attached to the bottom surface of a heat transfer copper plate 4, fixed at the center of its bottom surface. The second surface-mount temperature sensor 6 measures the temperature change of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces inside the apparatus. The second surface-mount temperature sensor 6 is connected to a programmable logic controller 7 via wires. The first surface-mount temperature sensor 5 is also connected to the programmable logic controller 7 via wires.

[0079] The thermal insulation shell 1 is a cylindrical plastic shell with a diameter of 105mm and a height of 205mm. An aerogel insulation layer (nano aerogel) with a thickness of 3mm is added inside the thermal insulation shell 1.

[0080] Both the heat transfer copper sheet 4 and the heating copper sheet 3 are H62 circular brass sheets of uniform material, with a diameter of 100mm and a thickness of 3mm.

[0081] The controllable and flexible heating film is a circular film made by Shanghai Songdao Heating Sensor Co., Ltd., with a diameter of 100mm, an operating voltage of 12V, a resistance of 5.76Ω, and a heating power of 25W.

[0082] The first surface mount temperature sensor 5 and the second surface mount temperature sensor 6 are both commercially available K-type adhesive thermocouples from the brand Kapson, with a length and width of 20mm and 12mm, respectively.

[0083] The device in this embodiment is rectangular in shape, the testing system is cylindrical, the heat insulation shell 1 is made of plastic with a 3mm thick heat insulation layer 2 inside, and the top cover of the heat insulation shell 1 is removable.

[0084] The programmable logic controller 7 is model number Shankong SK2070-242RT-M. The programmable logic controller 7 can collect and calculate temperature data through programming.

[0085] The data acquisition and computing system includes a programmable logic controller 7, which connects two surface-mount temperature sensors via wires to collect temperature information during the heating process, record the temperature change every second during the test, and display real-time curves, bar charts, and list data views. The temperature data during the test can be exported.

[0086] In this embodiment, the Chinese herbal medicine pieces to be tested are loaded into the testing system. After filling, the system is covered so that the heat transfer copper plate 4 directly contacts the surface of the Chinese herbal medicine pieces to sense their temperature changes.

[0087] In this embodiment, during use, the insulated outer shell 1 is carried to the target location, the Chinese herbal medicine slices to be tested are placed inside the testing system, and the removable outer shell is covered. The heat transfer copper sheet 4 is in direct contact with the Chinese herbal medicine slices. The second patch-type temperature sensor 6 measures the temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet 4, and the first patch-type temperature sensor 5 is attached to the heating copper sheet 3 to measure the temperature of the copper sheet. The other ends of the wires of the first patch-type temperature sensor 5 and the second patch-type temperature sensor 6 are connected to the programmable logic controller 7. After collecting the temperature information, the programmable logic controller 7 calculates the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity information of the Chinese herbal medicine slices according to the set program.

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for calculating the specific heat capacity of medicinal herb slices using an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of medicinal herb slices includes the following steps:

[0089] The measurement principle of the device follows the first law of thermodynamics, namely the law of conservation of energy.

[0090] Using the heating copper plate 3 as the heat source and the heat transfer copper plate 4 as the temperature sensing medium, according to the first law of thermodynamics, the following relationship exists: Q 总 =Q 加热铜片 +Q 传热铜片 +Q p Copper sheet, being a material with a known specific heat capacity, can have its energy change calculated based on its temperature change. Simultaneously, the heat generated by the heating film can be calculated based on its power and heating time. Subtracting these two values ​​yields the energy change of the medicinal herb being tested. The specific heat capacity of the medicinal herb can then be determined through the relationship between temperature change and the weight of the herb.

[0091] During the heating process of copper sheet 3, the overall energy within the device conforms to the following relationship:

[0092] Q 总 =Q 加热铜片 +Q 传热铜片 +Q p (1)

[0093] In equation (1), Q 总 Q represents the total heat generated during the heating process. 加热铜片 Q represents the heat absorbed during the heating process of copper sheet 3. 传热铜片 The heat absorbed by the heat transfer copper plate 4 is represented by Q. p The amount of heat absorbed by the filling of the medicinal slices during the entire heating process;

[0094] All the heat in the device is generated by the controllable flexible heating film attached to the heating copper sheet 3. The heat generated by the controllable flexible heating film is calculated based on its power and heating time.

[0095] Q 总 =Pt s =Q 加热铜片 +Q 传热铜片 +Q p (2)

[0096] In equation (2), t s The moment heating stops; P is the heating power of the controllable flexible heating film;

[0097] During heating, the temperatures of both the heating copper plate 3 and the heat transfer copper plate 4 rise from their initial temperatures. After heating stops, the temperature of the entire device remains constant for a period of time. Therefore:

[0098]

[0099] In equation (3), m 铜The weight of the heating copper sheet (3) or the heat transfer copper sheet 4; c 铜 The specific heat capacity of heating copper plate 3 or heat transfer copper plate 4; the weight and specific heat capacity of heating copper plate 3 and heat transfer copper plate 4 are the same, m p c is the weight of the medicinal slices; p T0 is the specific heat capacity of the medicinal slices; T0 is the initial temperature. To balance the temperature of the device;

[0100] Performing operations on both sides of equation (3), we get:

[0101]

[0102] like Figures 4-5 As shown, a method for calculating the thermal conductivity of medicinal herb slices using a device for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of medicinal herb slices includes the following steps:

[0103] The measurement principle of the device follows Fourier's law, and the thermal conductivity of Chinese herbal medicine slices can be obtained through the following relationship:

[0104] Assume the medicinal slices are isotropic, with a constant thermal conductivity κ, and that they conform to a linear heat conduction process;

[0105] At any time t and at the height x of the medicinal slice, if the heat passing through dt is Q(x,t) and the heat flow is q(x,t), then:

[0106] dQ(x,t)=[T(t+dt)C p ρA·dxdt (5)

[0107] In equation (5), ρ is the density of the medicinal slices, and A is the area of ​​the medicinal slices being heated;

[0108] Expanding the right side of equation (5) using Taylor expansion and performing double integration on both sides, we get:

[0109] dQ(x,t)=T′(t)C p ρA·dxdt (6)

[0110] Integrating x from 0 to L, where L is the stacking height of the medicinal slices, and shifting dt and A to the left, we get:

[0111]

[0112] Substituting into Fourier's law of heat conduction, we get:

[0113]

[0114] In equation (8), T(t) is the real-time temperature of the heat transfer copper plate 4 (i.e., the top of the medicinal slice) at time t. b (t) represents the real-time temperature of the heated copper sheet 3 (i.e., the bottom of the medicinal slice) at time t;

[0115] After separating the variables in equation (8), we solve the differential equation to obtain:

[0116]

[0117] In equation (9), T s For t s The time is the moment when heating stops, which is the temperature of the heat transfer copper plate 4 (i.e., the top of the slice); t0 is the moment when the temperature of the heat transfer copper plate 4 just begins to rise; T0 is the temperature of the heat transfer copper plate 4 (i.e., the top of the slice) at time t0.

[0118] make Substituting into equation (9), we get:

[0119]

[0120] Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the Chinese herbal medicine slices under test can be obtained based on their stacking height, density, specific heat capacity, and temperature change relationship. The obtained specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the Chinese herbal medicine slices can be used to characterize their thermophysical properties, combining the processing of Chinese medicine with energy, and analyzing the energy changes of the slices during the processing.

[0121] A method for using an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces includes the following steps:

[0122] S1, Place the device on the target horizontal surface;

[0123] S2, weigh out an appropriate amount of raw astragalus slices, remove the removable top cover of the device, and fill with raw astragalus slices;

[0124] S3, Fill the device with raw astragalus slices to a height of 1-3cm, and cover with a removable top cover;

[0125] S4, adjust the device, turn on the power, adjust the heating temperature, and record the temperature changes of the heating copper plate 3, the heat transfer copper plate 4, and the Chinese herbal medicine pieces;

[0126] S5, after reaching the set heating temperature, turn off the power to the controllable gentle heating film and stop heating;

[0127] S6, the programmable logic controller 7 inputs data on raw astragalus root slices and calculates the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of raw astragalus root slices.

[0128] Data on raw astragalus root slices includes the stacking height L, density ρ, heating area A, and weight m of heating copper plate 3 or heat transfer copper plate 4. 铜 Weight of raw Astragalus membranaceus slices (m) p Including heating temperature and heating time.

[0129] In this embodiment, the weight of the raw Astragalus membranaceus slices was 12.406g, the height of the slices inside the device was 1.7cm, and the heating temperature was set at 150℃. The temperature changes during the experiment were as follows: Figure 6 As shown;

[0130] During the heating process, the temperature changes of the heating copper plate 3 and the heat transfer copper plate 4 were recorded over time. Due to its high thermal conductivity, the temperature change of the heat transfer copper plate 4 can be considered as the temperature change of the surface of the raw Astragalus membranaceus slices. Based on the heating time and the total heat generated in the heating power calculation device, and by calculating the relationship between the energy change of the standard copper plate and the actual energy absorbed by the raw Astragalus membranaceus slices, the energy change of the test sample (i.e., the raw Astragalus membranaceus slices) can be obtained, and finally, the specific heat capacity of raw Astragalus membranaceus can be calculated. In this embodiment, the specific heat capacity of raw Astragalus membranaceus was measured to be 2884.35 J / (kg·℃).

[0131] In this embodiment, temperature and time data from the time the surface temperature of raw Astragalus membranaceus begins to change until heating stops are selected, and integral calculations are performed to obtain the integral value S = 0.0891 (e.g., ...). Figure 7 As shown); Substituting the data into equation (10), the specific heat capacity of raw Astragalus membranaceus is 0.1050 W / (m·K).

[0132] The measurement method in this embodiment is applied to determining the heat temperature for processing Chinese herbal medicine slices.

[0133] Example 2

[0134] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0135] A measurement method using an apparatus for measuring the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces includes the following steps:

[0136] S1. Place the device on the target horizontal surface;

[0137] S2. Weigh out an appropriate amount of raw licorice slices and remove the removable top cover of the device.

[0138] S3. Fill the device with raw licorice slices to a height of 1-3cm, and cover with a removable top cover;

[0139] S4. Adjust the device, turn on the power, adjust the heating temperature, and record the temperature changes of the heating copper sheet 3 and the heat transfer copper sheet 4.

[0140] S5. After reaching the set heating temperature, turn off the power to the heating film and stop heating;

[0141] S6 and Programmable Logic Controller 7 input relevant data of raw licorice slices and calculate the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of raw licorice slices.

[0142] In this embodiment, the weight of the raw licorice root slices was 14.560g, the height of the slices inside the device was 1.9cm, and the heating temperature was set at 150℃. The temperature changes during the experiment were as follows: Figure 8 As shown;

[0143] During the heating process, the temperature changes of the heating copper plate 3 and the heat transfer copper plate 4 were recorded over time. Due to its high thermal conductivity, the temperature change of the heat transfer copper plate 4 can be considered as the temperature change of the surface of the raw licorice root slices. Based on the heating time and the total heat generated in the heating power calculation device, and by calculating the relationship between the energy change of the standard copper plate and the actual energy absorbed by the raw licorice root slices, the energy change of the test sample, i.e., the raw licorice root slices, can be obtained. Finally, the specific heat capacity of the raw licorice root can be calculated. In this embodiment, the specific heat capacity of the raw licorice root was measured to be 1764.61 J / (kg·℃).

[0144] In this embodiment, temperature and time data from the time the surface temperature of the raw licorice begins to change until heating stops are selected, and integral calculations are performed to obtain the integral value S = 0.2267 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 As shown); Substituting the data into equation (10), the specific heat capacity of raw licorice is 0.1584 W / (m·K).

[0145] Example 3

[0146] During the stir-frying process, the sliced ​​medicinal herbs are constantly turned over, and heat is transferred from the surface to the interior. The center of the stir-fried herbs is the lowest temperature point.

[0147] Equal weights of raw Astragalus membranaceus and raw Glycyrrhiza uralensis slices were placed in a preheated intelligent electromagnetic stir-frying machine (WB-MLD-TGD30-D-FB001, Guangdong Kaiyuan Electronic Technology Industry Co., Ltd.) with a power of 2000W and a speed of 3 levels. Samples were taken every 2 minutes, and the center point temperature of the two types of slices was recorded at the time of sampling (see Table 1). The temperature changes at the center point of the two types of slices were analyzed. Figure 10 As shown.

[0148] Table 1. Temperature at the center point of medicinal slices

[0149]

[0150] Analysis of the temperature changes at the center of the two types of medicinal slices during the stir-frying process shows that, under the same heating conditions and heating time, the temperature at the center of licorice slices is higher than that at the center of astragalus slices, and the temperature difference between the two increases continuously with the increase of heating time.

[0151] The thermal conductivity of raw licorice root slices measured in Examples 1 and 2 is greater than that of raw astragalus root slices. This also explains the phenomenon of temperature change at the center point during the stir-frying process of the two types of slices in Example 3. That is, because raw licorice root slices have a higher thermal conductivity, stronger heat conduction capacity, faster heat transfer, and a higher center point temperature. The 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that when raw astragalus root and raw licorice root slices are processed into corresponding honey-fried products, they should be processed according to the honey-fried method (General Rule 0213). The honey-fried method requires a low heat. The specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of raw astragalus root and raw licorice root slices measured in this invention can provide a reference for heat control during the processing, and the processing heat temperature can be determined according to the properties of the slices themselves.

[0152] It should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the invention, features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all the features of the foregoingly disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the claims, following the detailed description, are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0153] Although the invention has been described with reference to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand from the foregoing description that other embodiments are conceivable within the scope of the invention described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in this specification has been chosen primarily for readability and instructional purposes, and not for the purpose of interpreting or limiting the subject matter of the invention. Therefore, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The disclosure of the invention is illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0154] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring method of a device for measuring specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, characterized in that, The device includes a testing system, a data acquisition and computing system; The testing system includes an insulating shell (1), and an insulating layer (2) is added inside the insulating shell (1); the insulating layer (2) contains a heating and temperature measuring part, and a heating copper sheet (3) is provided at the bottom of the heating and temperature measuring part. The bottom of the heating copper sheet (3) is equipped with a controllable and flexible heating film, and a first patch-type temperature sensor (5) is attached to the top surface of the heating copper sheet (3). The top of the heat-insulating shell (1) is provided with a top cover, and a heat transfer copper sheet (4) is provided on the inner surface of the top cover. A second patch-type temperature sensor (6) is provided on the lower surface of the heat transfer copper sheet (4). The data acquisition and computing system includes a programmable logic controller (7); The first surface mount temperature sensor (5) and the second surface mount temperature sensor (6) are respectively connected to the programmable logic controller (7) via wires. The method for calculating the thermal conductivity of medicinal slices is as follows: Assume the medicinal slices are isotropic and their thermal conductivity is constant. κ And it conforms to a linear heat conduction process; At any given moment t and the height of medicinal slices x At, in d t The heat passed through is Q ( x , t ) and heat flow q ( x , t ),but: （5） In equation (5), ρ For the density of the medicinal slices, A The area for heating the medicinal slices. c p For the specific heat capacity of the medicinal slices, t +d t for t +d t time; Expanding the right-hand side of equation (5) using Taylor expansion and performing double integrals on both sides, we get: （6） Will x From 0 to L Perform a first integral, L The stacking height of the medicinal slices is d. t and A Shifting to the left, we get: （7） Substituting into Fourier's law of heat conduction, we get: （8） In equation (8), T ( t )for t The real-time temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet (4) T b ( t )for t The real-time temperature of the heating copper sheet (3) is constantly monitored; After separating the variables in equation (8), we solve the differential equation to obtain: （9） In equation (9), T s for t s The moment when heating stops, is the temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet (4). t s The moment when the heat transfer copper sheet (4) stops heating; t 0 The moment when the temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet (4) just begins to rise; T 0 for t 0 The temperature of the heat transfer copper sheet (4) at all times; make Substituting into equation (9), we get: （10）； In equation (10), S represent ; It can measure Chinese medicinal herbs of different sizes and specifications without requiring special processing, preserving the original state of the herbs. It can also measure the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Chinese medicinal herbs in various forms.

2. The measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second patch-type temperature sensor (6) is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the heat transfer copper sheet (4).

3. The measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer (2) is made of nano-aerogel.

4. The measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable flexible heating film is a circular film with a diameter of 100mm, an operating voltage of 12V, a resistance of 5.76Ω, and a heating power of 25W.

5. The measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the specific heat capacity of medicinal slices is as follows: During the heating process of the copper sheet (3), the overall energy within the device conforms to the following relationship: Q 总 = Q 加热铜片 + Q 传热铜片 + Q p （1） In equation (1), Q 总 This represents the total heat generated during the heating process. Q 加热铜片 The heat absorbed during the heating process of the copper sheet (3) Q 传热铜片 This represents the heat absorbed by the heat transfer copper sheet (4). Q p The amount of heat absorbed by the filling of the medicinal slices during the entire heating process; All the heat in the device is generated by the controllable flexible heating film attached to the heating copper sheet (3). The heat generated by the controllable flexible heating film is obtained based on its power and heating time: Q 总 = Pt s = Q 加热铜片 + Q 传热铜片 + Q p （2） In equation (2), t s The moment when heating stops; P The heating power of the controllable and flexible heating film; During heating, the temperatures of both the heating copper sheet (3) and the heat transfer copper sheet (4) rise from their initial temperatures. After heating stops, the temperature of the entire device remains constant for a period of time. Therefore: Pt s =2 m 铜 c 铜 （ - T 0 ）+ m p c p （ - T 0 ） （3） In equation (3), m 铜 The weight of the heating copper sheet (3) or the heat transfer copper sheet (4); c 铜 The specific heat capacity of the heating copper sheet (3) or the heat transfer copper sheet (4); the weight and specific heat capacity of the heating copper sheet (3) and the heat transfer copper sheet (4) are the same. m p This refers to the weight of the medicinal slices; c p The specific heat capacity of the medicinal slices; T 0 The initial temperature; To balance the temperature of the device; Performing operations on both sides of equation (3), we get: （4）。 6. A method of using the apparatus employing the measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Place the device on the target horizontal surface; S2, remove the top cover of the device and fill it with the Chinese herbal medicine pieces to be tested; S3, After the Chinese herbal medicine pieces to be tested fill the entire device, cover it with the top cover; S4, adjust the device, turn on the power, adjust the heating temperature, and record the temperature changes of the heating copper sheet (3), the heat transfer copper sheet (4), and the Chinese herbal medicine pieces; S5. After heating for a period of time, turn off the power to the controllable gentle heating film to stop heating; S6, the programmable logic controller (7) inputs the data of Chinese herbal medicine slices and calculates the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the Chinese herbal medicine slices.

7. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that, Data on prepared Chinese medicinal herbs includes the stacking height of the prepared Chinese medicinal herbs. L Density of Chinese medicinal herbs ρ The heating area of ​​Chinese herbal medicine slices A The weight of the heating copper sheet (3) or the heat transfer copper sheet (4) m 铜 Weight of Chinese medicinal herbs m p Including heating temperature and heating time.

8. The application of the measurement method according to any one of claims 1-5 in determining the heat temperature for processing Chinese herbal medicine slices.

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