A method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-altitude operation methods of large diameter pipeline based on BIM technology, comprising the following steps: step 1, the overall model of pipeline and supporting structure is established in BIM modeling software;Step 2, the prefabricated pipeline model is obtained by splitting prefabrication to the pipeline that layout is completed;Step 3, the model is imported into BIM design software, so that its parameters are consistent with actual pipeline parameters;Step 4, the center of gravity of prefabricated pipeline model is calculated in software;Step 5, bridge side positioning seat and pipeline positioning seat are designed;Step 6, prefabricated assembly and welding are carried out on site for pipeline and pipe fittings, and then hoisting operation is carried out;After butt joint is completed, the lower end of prefabricated pipeline is spot-welded and fixed with buried pipeline;Step 7, after prefabricated pipeline is in place, welding operation is carried out on the interface between prefabricated pipeline and buried pipeline.The present application solves the construction problem of large diameter pipeline under high-altitude crossing in long-distance heat supply pipeline construction, reduces construction difficulty, and improves work efficiency and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of long-distance pipeline installation technology, and in particular to a method for high-altitude operations on large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology. Background Technology

[0002] In long-distance pipeline projects, the diameter of insulated pipes is usually greater than 1600mm. Due to the long route, when encountering special sections such as rivers and highways, in order not to damage the underground structure, high-altitude crossing operations are often required, and pipe bridges are usually used to cross special sections.

[0003] In order to maintain the original function of existing structures during pipeline crossings, the high-altitude pipelines crossing need to have a large spatial distance from the objects being crossed. Taking the simplest inland river as an example, the pipeline needs to be at least 15 meters away from the river surface.

[0004] In traditional operations, a full-span scaffolding platform is typically erected around the bridgehead of the pipeline bridge. Then, according to the construction sequence, the pipelines and fittings are hoisted onto the scaffolding in sequence. This part of the pipelines and fittings are vertical pipelines suspended in the air, which is the pipeline between the pipelines installed on the pipeline bridge and the buried pipelines buried below ground. It mainly includes straight pipelines and bends.

[0005] For vertical pipelines in the air, scaffolding serves as the load-bearing carrier. The scaffolding can support the pipeline system, and then workers perform the jointing and welding of the pipeline system. This refers to the jointing and welding between the upper end of the straight pipe and the elbow, as well as between the lower end of the straight pipe and the buried pipe. The pipeline needs to be joined and welded twice while in a high-altitude state, which involves a large amount of construction work and low safety.

[0006] In the traditional construction methods described above, erecting full-span scaffolding is a lengthy process and is considered a high-risk, high-risk project. In actual construction, since pipelines are typically designed to be buried underground after being brought down from the pipeline bridge, this involves excavating trenches in the ground beforehand, laying the buried pipelines, backfilling the area, and then erecting scaffolding to construct the vertical pipelines exposed to the air. Because the surrounding area for scaffolding is mostly backfill soil, it is prone to settlement and collapse, posing a safety hazard to the construction.

[0007] During construction, it is necessary to hoist, position, align, and weld the vertical pipes in the air. The pipes are DN1420 prefabricated insulated pipes with a length of 12 meters and a wall thickness of 18mm. Each pipe weighs about 8.7t. The construction is difficult and requires high stability of the scaffolding. In addition, the space for personnel to work on the scaffolding and weld at height is limited, which cannot meet the position requirements for argon arc welding and is prone to quality problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention addresses the challenges of traditional vertical pipeline installation, which requires scaffolding and involves segmented hoisting, alignment, and welding of pipelines at heights, resulting in high construction difficulty and operational risks. It provides a BIM-based method for high-altitude pipeline installation, combining BIM technology, large component hoisting techniques, and prefabrication processes. This method allows for the layout and positioning of vertical pipelines at obstacle crossing points, enabling integrated pipeline hoisting. This facilitates pipeline positioning and alignment, reduces the amount of high-altitude work, and significantly lowers the operational risks at the construction site.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: a method for high-altitude operations of large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology, comprising the following steps: Step 1, establishing an overall model of the pipeline and supporting structures in BIM modeling software, reversing the pipeline's sectional layout model based on the overall model and optimizing the layout, setting the pipeline interfaces and adjustment positions at a distance of no more than two meters from the ground to facilitate pipeline alignment and welding; Step 2, disassembling and prefabricating the laid-out pipeline according to the crane's lifting capacity and site conditions to obtain a prefabricated pipeline model, and... Step 3: Import the prefabricated pipe model into the BIM design software, and then refine the length, material, and layer structure parameters of the prefabricated pipe model to match the actual pipe parameters, facilitating the subsequent calculation of the center of gravity of the prefabricated pipe model; Step 4: Calculate the center of gravity of the prefabricated pipe model in the software, find the center of gravity and the longitudinal section of the prefabricated pipe model, draw the center of gravity line of the prefabricated pipe model, and draw the attitude line with the center of gravity line as the starting point. The point where the face containing the attitude line intersects with the prefabricated pipe model is marked as the lifting lug. The design of lifting lugs is carried out at the lifting lug points. Setting lifting lugs at these points facilitates maintaining a certain tilt position of the pipe during hoisting. Step 5: Design bridge-side positioning seats and pipe positioning seats. Fix the bridge-side positioning seats to the side of the bridge deck, and fix the pipe positioning seats to the prefabricated pipes to be processed later. The prefabricated pipes should be installed close to the bridge body and aligned with the buried pipes. The prefabricated pipes will gradually move the pipe positioning seats closer to the bridge-side positioning seats, and the two will match each other to facilitate the alignment of the prefabricated pipes. Step 6: According to the pipe section processing drawings, install the pipes and fittings on site. Prefabrication and welding are carried out on the prefabricated pipe to complete the production of prefabricated pipes, thus completing the welding of straight pipes and elbows into one piece. Then, the prefabricated pipes are lifted using the lifting lugs that are pre-set on them. When the lifting height is close to the design height, the attitude of the prefabricated pipes is controlled so that the pipe positioning seat slowly aligns with the bridge-side positioning seat. After the alignment is completed, the lower end of the prefabricated pipe is spot-welded to the buried pipe. Step 7: After the prefabricated pipes are in place, welding is carried out at the interface between the prefabricated pipes and the buried pipes. After the welding is completed, the weld is inspected by X-ray to ensure the reliability of the welding and prevent leakage.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 1, the BIM modeling software used is Revit. The pipelines in the overall model include pipelines on bridges, overhead vertical pipelines, and buried pipelines, ensuring the integrity of pipelines near special sections crossed by long-distance pipelines. The supporting structures in the overall model include pipeline bridges, steel structure bridges, or supports used to support pipelines crossing special sections. Different types of supporting structures are used for different special sections. The interface and adjustment position between overhead vertical pipelines and buried pipelines are set to not exceed two meters from the ground, facilitating welding and flaw detection near the ground at the interface position and avoiding high-altitude operations.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2, the prefabricated pipe model is an overhead vertical pipe model, which includes a straight pipe model and an elbow model.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 3, the BIM design software is Tekla software. The layer structure of the prefabricated pipe model includes the pipe body, the pipe insulation layer, and the pipe protection layer. The materials and densities of each part in the refined prefabricated pipe model are consistent with the actual situation, which facilitates the accurate calculation of the center of gravity of the prefabricated pipe model in the subsequent calculation.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 4, the attitude line and the center of gravity line have a 5° angle to ensure that the prefabricated pipes that are subsequently manufactured are hoisted with a 5° vertical tilt during hoisting. The point where the plane containing the attitude line intersects with the elbow model is marked as a lifting lug point. There are two lifting lug points, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal section of the elbow model. The central angle corresponding to the line connecting the two lifting lug points is 60°, which improves the stability of the prefabricated pipe hoisting.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 5, the bridge-side positioning seat includes a bridge-side fixing plate and positioning plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bridge-side fixing plate, with the positioning plates arranged in a figure-eight shape; the pipe positioning seat includes a pipe fixing plate and positioning plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pipe fixing plate, with the positioning plates arranged in a figure-eight shape, which facilitates the positioning plates 2 to pass through between the two positioning plates 1, and the opening formed by the two positioning plates 1 gradually decreases, thereby achieving the centering of the pipe positioning seat and also promoting the alignment between the prefabricated pipe and the buried pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 6, the production of prefabricated pipes involves the processing and manufacturing of vertical pipes in the air. Lifting lugs are welded to the lifting lug points on the elbows, and triangular ribs are welded between the two sides of the lifting lugs and the elbows for reinforcement, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the lifting lugs and the elbows. Pipe positioning seats are welded at the junction of the elbows and the straight pipes, with the pipe positioning seats and the bridge-side positioning seats arranged opposite to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 6, the pipe is lifted by connecting the lifting lugs to the truck crane. A hand-operated hoist is installed between the lower end of the straight pipe and the ground to facilitate control of the lifting posture of the prefabricated pipe. When the pipe is lifted to a height close to the design height of 40-60 cm, the pipe positioning seat is gradually moved closer to the bridge-side positioning seat by controlling the hand-operated hoist, and cooperates with the bridge-side positioning seat to achieve the alignment of the straight pipe and the buried pipe.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention abandons the traditional full-span scaffolding erection scheme, reduces the requirements for the original site, reduces the amount of high-altitude work, improves work efficiency, and greatly reduces the operational risks on the construction site. This invention adopts more advanced digital technology and prefabrication process. By combining new technologies such as BIM technology, large component hoisting technology, and prefabrication installation process, the vertical pipes of long-distance pipelines at obstacle crossing nodes are arranged and positioned. After ground prefabrication, a crane is used to hoist the vertical pipes as a whole. The positioning and alignment between the vertical pipes and buried pipes are achieved through the setting of center-of-gravity lifting lugs and pipe positioning seats and bridge-side positioning seats, solving the problem of difficult high-altitude work in one step. Furthermore, by welding the pipes on-site in advance through prefabrication, the first-pass yield rate of pipe welding is increased, and the pipe flaw detection and potential problem repair also achieve better working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a long-distance pipeline crossing a special section.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall model in step 1 of the method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a segmented diagram of the prefabricated pipe model in step 2 of the present invention, which is a method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the segmentation and disassembly of the prefabricated pipe model in step 2 of the high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layer structure of the prefabricated pipe model in step 3 of the high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the center of gravity of the prefabricated pipe model in step 4 of the high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the attitude line of the prefabricated pipe model in step 4 of the high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of lifting lugs on the prefabricated pipe model in step 4 of the high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bridge-side positioning seat in step 5 of the high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe positioning seat in step 5 of the method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of lifting lugs in step 6 of the method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of a vertical pipe in the air during step 6 of a high-altitude operation method for large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology according to the present invention.

[0030] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Vertical pipe in the air, 101. Straight pipe, 102. Elbow, 2. Pipe on the bridge, 3. Supporting structure, 4. Precast pipe, 5. Pipe body, 6. Pipe insulation layer, 7. Pipe protective layer, 8. Center of gravity, 9. Center of gravity line, 10. Attitude line, 11. Lifting lug point, 12. Bridge side positioning seat, 121. Bridge side fixing plate, 122. Positioning plate one, 13. Pipe positioning seat, 131. Pipe fixing plate, 132. Positioning plate two, 14. Lifting lug, 15. Rib plate, 16. Bridge deck, 17. Buried pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figures 1-12 As shown, a method for high-altitude operations on large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish an overall model of the pipeline and supporting structure 3 in BIM modeling software. Here, Revit software is used to establish the overall model. The pipelines in the overall model include a pipeline on a bridge 2, a vertical pipeline 1 suspended in the air, and a buried pipeline 17. The supporting structure 3 in the overall model includes one of a pipeline bridge, a steel structure bridge, or a support frame. The supporting structure 3 is used to support the pipeline crossing special sections, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0032] Based on the overall model, the pipeline layout model is derived and optimized. The pipe interfaces and adjustment positions are set at a distance of no more than two meters from the ground. Here, the interface and adjustment position between the overhead vertical pipe 1 and the buried pipe 17 are set to be no more than two meters from the ground to ensure that the overhead vertical pipe 1 and the buried pipe 17 can be easily aligned and welded near the ground, and also to facilitate the adjustment and welding between the pipes.

[0033] Step 2: Based on the crane's lifting capacity and site conditions, disassemble and prefabricate the completed pipe layout to obtain prefabricated pipe model 4, and export the pipe segment fabrication drawing, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. The prefabricated pipe 4 model is the same as the free-standing vertical pipe 1 model, which includes the straight pipe 101 model and the elbow 102 model.

[0034] Step 3: Import the prefabricated pipe 4 model into the BIM design software. Here, Tekla software is used to refine the length, material, and layer structure parameters of the prefabricated pipe 4 model to make them consistent with the actual pipe parameters. In short, it is to make the various parameters of the pipe in the model consistent with the actual pipe parameters, so as to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent calculation data of the centroid 8 points.

[0035] Specifically, the layered structure of the prefabricated pipe model 4 includes the pipe body 5, the pipe insulation layer 6, and the pipe protective layer 7. These layers are stacked from the inside out, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown. The pipe body 5 is made of DN1420 L360 steel pipe, the pipe insulation layer 6 is made of foamed insulation material with a density greater than 60 kg per cubic meter, the pipe insulation layer 6 wraps the pipe body 5, and the pipe protective layer 7 is made of 1.5mm thick color steel plate, the pipe protective layer 7 wraps the pipe insulation layer 6.

[0036] The materials and densities of each part in the refined prefabricated pipe 4 model are consistent with the actual ones. The parameters of the prefabricated pipe 4 model are refined in the software, taking into account the density and weight information of the steel pipe, insulation, and outer shell, to ensure that the model is consistent with the actual pipe, thus ensuring the calculation of the center of gravity 8 in the subsequent process.

[0037] Step 4: Treat the prefabricated pipe 4 model as a whole, that is, based on the connection of the straight pipe 101 and the elbow 102 as a single unit, calculate the center of gravity 8 of the prefabricated pipe 4 model in the software. This is to facilitate subsequent stable hoisting operations. Find the position of the center of gravity 8 and the longitudinal section of the prefabricated pipe 4 model, and draw the center of gravity line 9 of the prefabricated pipe 4 model, as shown below. Figure 6As shown. Starting from the center of gravity 8, draw an attitude line 10 that forms an angle with the center of gravity line 9. Here, the attitude line 10 forms a 5° angle with the center of gravity line 9, in order to ensure that the straight pipe 101 can be erected in an attitude with an inclination of less than 5° during subsequent hoisting.

[0038] The point where the plane containing attitude line 10 intersects with the prefabricated pipe 4 model is marked as lifting lug point 11. Lifting lug 14 is designed at lifting lug point 11, as follows: Figure 7 As shown. Specifically, the point where the plane containing attitude line 10 intersects with the elbow 102 model is marked as lifting lug point 11. There are two lifting lug points 11, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal section of the elbow 102 model. The central angle corresponding to the line connecting the two lifting lug points 11 is 60°, as shown. Figure 8 As shown. The lifting lug point 11 found by the attitude line 10 can make the pipe be in the optimal lifting attitude after the lifting lug 14 is installed. At this time, the straight pipe 101 is upright with an inclination of 5°, which can ensure the stability of the lifting.

[0039] Step 5: Design the bridge-side positioning seat 12 and the pipe positioning seat 13. The bridge-side positioning seat 12 includes a bridge-side fixing plate 121 and positioning plates 122 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bridge-side fixing plate 121. The positioning plates 122 on both sides are arranged in a figure-eight shape. Figure 9 As shown; the pipe positioning seat 13 includes a pipe fixing plate 131 and positioning plates 132 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pipe fixing plate 131. The positioning plates 132 on both sides are arranged in a "∧" shape, as shown. Figure 10 As shown.

[0040] After the bridge-side positioning seat 12 and the pipe positioning seat 13 are manufactured, the bridge-side positioning seat 12 is fixed to the side of the bridge deck 16, ensuring that the bridge-side positioning seat 12 corresponds to the buried pipe 17. The pipe positioning seat 13 is then fixed to the prefabricated pipe 4, which is processed later. The bridge-side positioning seat 12 and the pipe positioning seat 13 are mutually compatible, facilitating the connection between the prefabricated pipe 4 and the bridge deck 16, and between the prefabricated pipe 4 and the buried pipe 17.

[0041] Step 6: According to the pipe section processing drawing, prefabricate and weld the pipes and fittings on site to complete the production of prefabricated pipe 4. The production of prefabricated pipe 4 is the processing and manufacturing of the overhead vertical pipe 1, that is, welding the straight pipe 101 and the elbow 102 together on the ground to avoid high-altitude operations. During subsequent hoisting, the overhead vertical pipe 1 will be hoisted as a whole. If the site and transportation are convenient, factory prefabrication can be adopted, which reduces the amount of on-site work. At the same time, factory prefabrication helps to improve the first-pass yield of the prefabricated pipe 4.

[0042] Not only for the vertical pipe 1 in the air, but also for the lifting lugs 14 welded at lifting lug points 11 on the elbow 102, and for the reinforcement of the pipe by welding triangular ribs 15 between the lifting lugs 14 and the elbow 102, so as to ensure the stability of the pipe during the lifting process. Figure 11 As shown; a pipe positioning seat 13 shall be welded near the joint of the elbow 102 and the straight pipe 101, with the pipe positioning seat 13 and the bridge side positioning seat 12 arranged opposite to each other.

[0043] Then, the precast pipe 4 is lifted using the lifting lugs 14 pre-installed on it. Specifically, a truck crane is used to lift the pipe by connecting the lifting lugs 14. During the lifting process, the precast pipe 4 is kept at an inclination of about 5°. When the lifting height is close to the design height, specifically when the pipe is about 40-60 cm away from the design height, the attitude of the precast pipe 4 is controlled so that the pipe positioning seat 13 slowly aligns with the bridge-side positioning seat 12. After alignment, the lower end of the precast pipe 4 is spot-welded to the buried pipe 17. Figure 12 As shown.

[0044] The attitude control of the prefabricated pipe 4 requires the use of hand-operated hoists. That is, hand-operated hoists are installed on both sides of the lower end of the straight pipe 101 and between the pipe and the ground to control the lifting attitude. By controlling the hand-operated hoists, the pipe positioning seat 13 is gradually brought closer to the bridge-side positioning seat 12 and cooperates with the bridge-side positioning seat 12 to achieve the alignment of the straight pipe 101 and the buried pipe 17. After alignment, spot welding is used for fixation.

[0045] Step 7: After the prefabricated pipe 4 is in place, welding is performed at the interface between the prefabricated pipe 4 and the buried pipe 17. After welding, the weld is inspected by X-ray. The interface between the straight pipe 101 and the buried pipe 17 is less than 2 meters above the ground, while the interface between the elbow 102 and the bridge pipe 2 is on the supporting structure 3, which facilitates welding and inspection.

[0046] This invention abandons the traditional full-span scaffolding erection scheme and combines new technologies such as BIM technology, large component hoisting technology, and prefabrication and installation processes to arrange and position the vertical pipe 1 of the long-distance pipeline at the obstacle crossing node. After the vertical pipe 1 is prefabricated on the ground, it is hoisted as a whole using a crane. The positioning and alignment of the vertical pipe 1 are achieved by using the center of gravity 8 lifting lug 14 and the pipe positioning seat 13 and bridge side positioning seat 12, which reduces the amount of high-altitude work and solves the problems of difficult and high-safety risks of high-altitude work in one step.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for high-altitude operations on large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: In BIM modeling software, establish an overall model of the pipes and supporting structures (3), and reverse-engineer the pipe layout model based on the overall model and optimize the layout. Set the pipe interfaces and adjustment positions at a distance of no more than two meters from the ground. The BIM modeling software is Revit software. The pipes in the overall model include pipes on bridges (2), vertical pipes in the air (1) and buried pipes (17). The supporting structures (3) in the overall model include pipe bridges, steel structure bridges or supports used to support pipes crossing special sections. Step 2: Based on the crane lifting capacity and site conditions, the completed pipeline layout is disassembled and prefabricated to obtain the prefabricated pipeline (4) model, and the pipe section processing drawing is exported; The prefabricated pipe (4) model is the model of the vertical pipe (1) above the ground. The model of the vertical pipe (1) above the ground includes the straight pipe (101) model and the elbow (102) model. Step 3: Import the prefabricated pipe (4) model into the BIM design software, and then refine the length, material and layer structure parameters of the prefabricated pipe (4) model to make it consistent with the actual pipe parameters; Step 4: Calculate the center of gravity (8) of the prefabricated pipe (4) model in the software, find the center of gravity (8) and the longitudinal section of the prefabricated pipe (4) model, draw the center of gravity line (9) of the prefabricated pipe (4) model, draw the attitude line (10) with the center of gravity (8) as the starting point, and mark the point where the face of the attitude line (10) intersects with the prefabricated pipe (4) model as the lifting lug point (11), and design the lifting lug (14) at the lifting lug point (11); Step 5: Design the bridge side positioning seat (12) and the pipe positioning seat (13), fix the bridge side positioning seat (12) on the side of the bridge deck (16), and fix the pipe positioning seat (13) on the prefabricated pipe (4) to be processed later. Step 6: According to the pipe section processing drawing, the pipe and fittings are prefabricated, assembled and welded on the site to complete the production of the prefabricated pipe (4). Then, the lifting operation is carried out by the lifting lug (14) set in advance on the prefabricated pipe (4). When the lifting height is close to the design height, the posture of the prefabricated pipe (4) is controlled so that the pipe positioning seat (13) slowly docks into the bridge side positioning seat (12). After docking, the lower end of the prefabricated pipe (4) is spot welded to the buried pipe (17). Step 7: After the prefabricated pipe (4) is in place, welding is performed at the interface between the prefabricated pipe (4) and the buried pipe (17). After the welding is completed, X-ray flaw detection is performed on the weld.

2. The method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the interface and adjustment position between the overhead vertical pipe (1) and the buried pipe (17) shall not exceed two meters above the ground.

3. The method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the BIM design software is Tekla software. The layer structure of the prefabricated pipe (4) model includes the pipe body (5), the pipe insulation layer (6) and the pipe protection layer (7). The material and density of each part in the refined prefabricated pipe (4) model are consistent with the actual situation.

4. The method for high-altitude operation of large-diameter pipelines based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the attitude line (10) and the center line (9) have a 5° angle. The point where the plane containing the attitude line (10) intersects with the elbow (102) model is marked as the lifting lug point (11). There are two lifting lug points (11). The two lifting lug points (11) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal section of the elbow (102) model. The central angle corresponding to the line connecting the two lifting lug points (11) is 60°.

5. A method for high-altitude operations on large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5, the bridge-side positioning seat (12) includes a bridge-side fixing plate (121) and positioning plates one (122) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bridge-side fixing plate (121), and the positioning plates one (122) on both sides are arranged in a figure-eight shape; the pipe positioning seat (13) includes a pipe fixing plate (131) and positioning plates two (132) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pipe fixing plate (131), and the positioning plates two (132) on both sides are arranged in a figure-eight shape.

6. A method for high-altitude operations on large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6, the production of the prefabricated pipe (4) is the processing and manufacturing of the vertical pipe (1) in the air. Lifting lugs (14) are welded on the lifting lug points (11) on the elbow (102). Triangular ribs (15) are welded on both sides of the lifting lugs (14) and between the elbow (102) for reinforcement. Pipe positioning seats (13) are welded at the joint between the elbow (102) and the straight pipe (101). The pipe positioning seats (13) and the bridge side positioning seats (12) are arranged opposite to each other.

7. A method for high-altitude operations on large-diameter pipes based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6, the crane is connected to the lifting lug (14) for lifting. A hand-operated hoist is set up between the lower end of the straight pipe (101) and the ground to control the lifting posture. When the pipe is lifted to a height close to the design height of 40-60 cm, the pipe positioning seat (13) is gradually moved closer to the bridge side positioning seat (12) by controlling the hand-operated hoist, and cooperates with the bridge side positioning seat (12) to achieve the alignment of the straight pipe (101) and the buried pipe (17).

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