Stator for an electric machine, electric machine and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a stator of a motor, the motor and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of motors.The stator of the motor comprises a stator core, a stator tooth part and a stator yoke part, and a stator tooth slot is formed between two adjacent stator tooth parts; the stator winding comprises a plurality of coils, and the part of the coil located in the stator tooth slot comprises a plurality of layers of conductor groups arranged along the radial direction of the stator core; the plurality of layers of conductor groups comprise at least one layer of first conductor groups and at least one layer of second conductor groups; the first conductor groups are located on the side of the second conductor groups close to the stator yoke part; each layer of the first conductor groups comprises a plurality of conductors arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core; each layer of the second conductor groups comprises one conductor or a plurality of conductors arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core; the number of conductors of the second conductor groups is less than the number of conductors of the first conductor groups; and the cross-sectional dimension of the conductors of the first conductor groups and the conductors of the second conductor groups perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator core is the same. The stator according to the embodiment of the application improves the production efficiency and the qualified rate, and has good heat dissipation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a stator for an electric motor, an electric motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, most flat wire winding motors use hairpin windings, with conventional open rectangular slots in the stator. This results in numerous tooth harmonics, high noise levels, and complex manufacturing processes, making it difficult to modify the number of conductors within the slots. Furthermore, the stator generates significant heat during motor operation, which is detrimental to improving motor efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a stator for an electric motor that improves manufacturing efficiency and yield, and is beneficial for improving heat dissipation.

[0004] The present invention also proposes an electric motor having the above-described stator.

[0005] The present invention also proposes a vehicle having the above-mentioned motor.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a stator of an electric motor includes: a stator core, the stator core including a plurality of stator teeth and an annular stator yoke, the plurality of stator teeth being disposed circumferentially on the inner or outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke, and stator slots being formed between adjacent stator teeth; and a stator winding, the stator winding including a plurality of coils mounted on the stator core, the portion of the coils located within the stator slots including multiple layers of conductor groups arranged radially along the stator core, the multiple layers of conductor groups including at least one first conductor group and at least one second conductor group, the first conductor group being located on the side of the second conductor group closer to the stator yoke, wherein each layer of the first conductor group includes a plurality of conductors arranged circumferentially along the stator core, each layer of the second conductor group includes one conductor or a plurality of conductors arranged circumferentially along the stator core, the number of conductors in the second conductor group is less than the number of conductors in the first conductor group, and the conductors of the first conductor group and the conductors of the second conductor group have the same cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator core.

[0007] The stator of the motor according to the present invention can realize the orderly installation of coils including multi-layer conductor groups and multiple conductors in the stator slots, avoid mutual interference between multiple conductors, reduce the difficulty of assembly process, improve production efficiency and pass rate, and the stator has good heat dissipation effect, low mold opening cost and process cost.

[0008] In addition, the stator of the motor according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stator tooth slot has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. During the operation of the motor, the first side on the same stator tooth contacts the rotor magnetic field of the motor first relative to the second side. The first side is provided with a protrusion protruding toward the adjacent stator tooth.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the circumferential direction of the stator core, the second conductor group is located between the protrusion and the adjacent second side surface.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the radial direction of the stator core, the protrusion is located on the side of the first conductor group away from the stator yoke.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the end face of the protrusion facing away from the stator yoke is coplanar with the end face of the stator tooth facing away from the stator yoke.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the protrusion and the second side has a toothed shoe at the end away from the stator yoke.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the first side and the second side is W, and the width of the slot of the stator tooth along the circumferential direction of the stator core is L, where 0.5W≤L≤0.9W.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in each of the coils, the second conductor group consists of one or two layers.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, each coil includes an axial conductor located within the stator tooth slot, a circumferential conductor extending circumferentially along the stator core, and a connecting conductor connecting the axial conductor and the circumferential conductor. A plurality of coils constitute a first coil and a second coil. Each first coil includes at least one coil arranged concentrically, and each second coil includes at least one coil arranged concentrically. The circumferential conductor of the first coil is located axially outside the stator yoke, and the circumferential conductor of the second coil is located axially outside the stator tooth.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the axial direction of the stator core, the circumferential conductor of the second coil is located on the side of the circumferential conductor of the first coil away from the stator core.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the circumferential conductors of the first coil, the second conductor group is located on the side of the first conductor group away from the stator core; in the circumferential conductors of the second coil, the second conductor group is located on the side of the first conductor group closer to the stator yoke.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stator winding includes a multi-phase winding, wherein the first coil and the second coil corresponding to the same phase are alternately arranged along the circumference of the stator core, and both the first coil and the second coil include two coils arranged concentrically. Each phase winding includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and each branch is connected in series with two coils of the first coil and / or in series with two coils of the second coil.

[0020] The motor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The center circle shows an enlarged structural diagram at point A.

[0026] Figure 3 This is an axial perspective view of the stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the in-slot wiring of the stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at point B is shown in the middle circle.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stator winding structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is an axial perspective view of the stator winding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is an axial view of the same phase winding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is an axial perspective view of the same phase winding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the short-pitch coil of the first coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Axial perspective view;

[0035] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Radial perspective view;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the long-pitch coil of the first coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Axial perspective view;

[0038] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 Radial perspective view;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the short-pitch coil of the second coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 Axial perspective view;

[0041] Figure 18 yes Figure 16 Radial perspective view;

[0042] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the long-pitch coil of the second coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 Axial perspective view;

[0044] Figure 21 yes Figure 19 Radial perspective view;

[0045] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] Stator 100; Motor 200; Vehicle 300;

[0048] Stator core 10; stator tooth groove 101; slot 102; first inner side 103; second inner side 104; stator tooth 11; stator yoke 12; tooth shoe 13; protrusion 14.

[0049] Stator winding 20; coil 21; first conductor group 211; second conductor group 212; conductor 213; axial conductor 214; circumferential conductor 215; connecting conductor 216; first coil 22; second coil 23. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features, "multiple" means two or more, "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact through another feature between them, and "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] The stator 100 of the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Reference Figures 1-7 As shown, the stator 100 of the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a stator core 10 and a stator winding 20.

[0055] Specifically, the stator core 10 includes a stator yoke 12 and stator teeth 11. The stator yoke 12 is annular, and there are multiple stator teeth 11 distributed circumferentially along the stator yoke 12 and located on the inner circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12 for use with the inner rotor motor 200. In other words, the outer end of each stator tooth 11 along the radial direction of the stator core 10 is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12, and the inner ends of the multiple stator teeth 11 can define a stator hole coaxial with the stator yoke 12. Alternatively, the multiple stator teeth 11 are located on the outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12 for use with the outer rotor motor 200. In other words, the inner end of each stator tooth 11 along the radial direction of the stator core 10 is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12.

[0056] The stator yoke 12 provides mechanical support for a plurality of stator teeth 11, thereby fixing the position of the stator teeth 11. In some embodiments, the stator teeth 11 may be integrally formed on the stator yoke 12.

[0057] The specific structure of the stator 100 of the motor 200 is described below with the stator teeth 11 located on the inner peripheral surface of the stator yoke 12 as an example. Based on the following description, the embodiment in which the stator teeth 11 are located on the outer peripheral surface of the stator yoke 12 will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0058] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a stator slot 101 is formed between two adjacent stator teeth 11. The stator winding 20 includes a plurality of coils 21 mounted on the stator core 10. The portion of the coils 21 located in the stator slot 101 (such as the axial conductor 214) includes a multilayer conductor group, which is arranged radially along the stator core 10.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the slot span of each coil 21 is greater than one, that is, an integer greater than or equal to two. In other words, each coil 21 includes two axial conductors 214, and there is at least one stator slot 101 between the two stator slots 101 of the two axial conductors 214 of the same coil 21.

[0060] Each coil 21 includes two axial conductors 214, which are located in different stator slots 101. The difference in the numbering of the stator slots 101 where the two axial conductors 214 are located is the slot span of the coil 21. For example, the stator core 10 has a total of S stator slots 101, which are numbered sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 10 in the order of No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, ..., No. S-1, No. S. If one of the axial conductors 214 of a coil 21 is located in stator slot 101 No. 1 and the other axial conductor 214 is located in stator slot 6, then the slot span of the coil 21 is 5. If one of the axial conductors 214 of a coil 21 is located in stator slot 101 No. S and the other axial conductor 214 is located in stator slot 7, then the slot span of the coil 21 is 7.

[0061] The multilayer conductor groups located within the same stator slot 101 are arranged radially along the stator core 10 and stacked in layers. Each multilayer conductor group includes at least one first conductor group 211 and at least one second conductor group 212. The first conductor group 211 is located on the side of the second conductor group 212 closest to the stator yoke 12, for example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the stator 100 of the internal rotor motor 200 shown, the first conductor group 211 is located radially outside the second conductor group 212.

[0062] Each layer of the first conductor group 211 includes a plurality of conductors 213 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, each layer of the second conductor group 212 includes one conductor 213, or each layer of the second conductor group 212 includes a plurality of conductors 213 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, and the number of conductors in the second conductor group 212 is less than the number of conductors in the first conductor group 211.

[0063] For example Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the portion of each coil 21 located within the stator slot 101 includes three layers of first conductor groups 211 and two layers of second conductor groups 212. Each first conductor group 211 includes two conductors 213 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, forming a double-layer conductor. Each second conductor group 212 includes one conductor 213, forming a single-layer conductor. The double-layer conductors are located radially outside the single-layer conductors, i.e., the double-layer conductors are positioned close to the bottom of the stator slot 101, thus forming a single / double-layer conductor structure. Of course, the number of first conductor groups 211 and second conductor groups 212 is not limited to this, nor is the number of conductors included in the first conductor groups 211 and second conductor groups 212. Fewer conductor groups and fewer conductors in each group facilitate installation.

[0064] by Figure 4 and Figure 5Taking the coil 21 structure as an example, in some embodiments, when installing the coil 21 onto the stator core 10, the three layers of first conductor groups 211 can be sequentially installed into the stator slots 101, and then the two layers of second conductor groups 212 can be sequentially installed into the stator slots 101. In other embodiments, the three layers of first conductor groups 211 and the two layers of second conductor groups 212 form two rows arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, one row including three conductors 213 arranged radially along the stator core 10, and the other row including five conductors 213 arranged radially along the stator core 10. When installing the coil 21 onto the stator core 10, the row including three conductors 213 can be first installed into the stator slots 101, and then the row including five conductors 213 can be installed into the stator slots 101. Thus, even if the slot opening 102 of the stator slot 101 is designed to be small, it will not affect the assembly of the coil 21.

[0065] Based on the above description, the assembly methods of other numbers of conductor groups and conductor 213 will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0066] Therefore, it is ensured that the multi-layer conductor groups (first conductor group 211 and second conductor group 212) of coil 21 can be smoothly and orderly installed into the stator slot 101. Compared with the complex process of hairpin winding, the assembly process difficulty is greatly reduced. It can meet the assembly requirements of multiple conductor group layers and multiple conductor quantities, meet the requirements of motor 200 under different working conditions or different application environments, and help improve the manufacturing efficiency of stator 100 and increase the production qualification rate.

[0067] For example, in some embodiments, the coil 21 can be a prefabricated coil 21, which is then installed into the stator core 10 after prefabrication. The winding process of the coil 21 is not limited by the small space of the stator core 10. The position arrangement and bending direction of multiple conductors 213 during the winding process are easy to control, which is beneficial to improving winding efficiency and pass rate, as well as meeting the needs of different motors 200 to change the number of conductor groups and conductors in the stator 100.

[0068] Furthermore, the conductors 213 of the first conductor group 211 and the second conductor group 212 have the same cross-sectional dimensions perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator core 10. That is, the first conductor group 211 and the second conductor group 212 use conductors 213 of the same specification, which can be formed by winding multiple wires (such as flat wires) of the same specification, or by winding a single wire (such as flat wire). Throughout the production process, the twisting and flaring processes of hairpin windings are eliminated, greatly reducing complex procedures and enabling the orderly assembly of prefabricated coils 21, including multi-layer conductor groups, thus improving the manufacturing efficiency and yield of the stator 100. Moreover, using conductors 213 of the same specification saves on mold opening and process costs.

[0069] Furthermore, during the operation of the motor 200, the heat generated by the second conductor group 212 in the stator winding 20 is less than the heat generated by the first conductor group 211, and the heat dissipation distance of the first conductor group 211 is less than the heat dissipation distance of the second conductor group 212. This is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the stator winding 20, thereby improving the performance of the motor 200.

[0070] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in each coil 21, the second conductor group 212 consists of one or two layers. This ensures improved heat dissipation while avoiding an insufficient number of conductors that could affect the performance of the motor 200. For example, in some specific embodiments, the first conductor group 211 has an odd number of layers, and the second conductor group 212 has an even number of layers.

[0071] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the stator 100 of the motor 200 can realize the orderly installation of coils 21 including multiple conductor groups and multiple conductors 213 in the stator slots 101, avoid mutual interference between multiple conductors 213, reduce the difficulty of assembly process, improve production efficiency and pass rate, and the stator 100 has good heat dissipation effect and low mold opening cost and process cost.

[0072] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the stator tooth slot 101 has a first side surface 103 and a second side surface 104 facing each other. In other words, the two opposite sides of each stator tooth 11 are the first side surface 103 and the second side surface 104, respectively. During the operation of the motor 200, the first side surface 103 on the same stator tooth 11 contacts the rotor magnetic field of the motor 200 first relative to the second side surface 104. Furthermore, the first side surface 103 is provided with a protrusion 14 protruding towards the adjacent stator tooth 11.

[0073] For example Figure 5 In the area shown, the right side of the stator tooth section 11 is the first side surface 103, and the left side is the second side surface 104. The rotor of the motor 200 runs counterclockwise in one direction. During operation, the right side of the stator tooth section 11 contacts the rotor magnetic field before the left side. The magnetic field saturation of the tooth tip that contacts the rotor magnetic field first is higher than that of the tooth tip that contacts the rotor magnetic field later. The right side is provided with a protruding part 14 to the right, so that the stator tooth section 11 forms an asymmetrical design. The stator tooth slot 101 forms an asymmetrical irregular slot, and the area of ​​the right tooth of the stator tooth section 11 is larger than that of the left tooth. This reduces the phenomenon of local tooth magnetic flux oversaturation, thereby reducing radial electromagnetic force and improving noise. It also helps to reduce the size of the slot opening 102 of the stator tooth slot 101, which is beneficial to increasing torque. The air gap is reduced, and the harmonics are lighter, which helps to improve NVH performance, reduce noise, and reduce iron loss of stator core 10.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figures 1-5As shown, in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10, the second conductor group 212 is located between the protrusion 14 and the adjacent second side surface 104, so as to limit the second conductor group 212 by the protrusion 14 and the adjacent second side surface 104, thereby ensuring the orderly arrangement of the conductors 213 of the second conductor group 212 in the stator slot 101.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, in the radial direction of the stator core 10, the protrusion 14 is located on the side of the first conductor group 211 away from the stator yoke 12, so as to limit the first conductor group 211 by the protrusion 14 and the stator yoke 12 (i.e. the bottom wall of the stator tooth groove 101), thereby ensuring the orderly arrangement of the conductors 213 of the first conductor group 211 in the stator tooth groove 101.

[0076] by Figure 4 and Figure 5 Taking the structure shown as an example, when installing the coil 21 on the stator core 10, a row of three conductors 213 can be first inserted into the stator tooth slot 101 through the slot 102. Then, the row can be moved along the circumference of the stator core 10 to between the protrusion 14 and the stator yoke 12. This not only limits the inserted row of conductors 213 through the protrusion 14, but also allows the inserted row of conductors 213 to avoid the slot 102, so that another row of conductors 213 can be inserted into the stator tooth slot 101 through the slot 102.

[0077] Therefore, the asymmetrical stator slot 101 structure effectively reduces the slot opening 102 size, which is beneficial for increasing torque, reducing tooth harmonics, reducing radial electromagnetic force, improving noise, and reducing iron loss of stator core 10. Simultaneously, it ensures that multiple conductors 213 can be smoothly installed into the stator slot 101 to form the first conductor group 211 and the second conductor group 212, greatly reducing assembly process difficulty and meeting assembly requirements for various conductor group layers and conductor quantities. This improves the manufacturing efficiency of the stator 100 of motor 200, and the reduced conductor 213 arrangement inside the stator core 10 facilitates heat dissipation, further enhancing motor 200 efficiency.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-5 As shown, the end face of the protrusion 14 facing away from the stator yoke 12 is coplanar with the end face of the stator tooth 11 facing away from the stator yoke 12, so that the protrusion 14 is closer to the tooth tip of the stator tooth 11, which better reduces the effect of local tooth magnetic flux density oversaturation and is conducive to improving the noise reduction effect.

[0079] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the end of at least one of the protrusion 14 and the second side surface 104 away from the stator yoke 12 (such as...) Figure 4The radial inner end shown is provided with a toothed shoe 13 to further reduce the size of the slot 102 of the stator tooth groove 101, thereby making it easier to reduce tooth harmonics and improve the performance of the motor 200. For example, in... Figure 5 In the example shown, both the protrusion 14 and the second side 104 are provided with toothed shoes 13, that is, two toothed shoes 13 are provided at the slot 102 of the stator tooth groove 101. It should be noted that the heights of the two toothed shoes 13 may be equal or unequal.

[0080] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the first side 103 and the second side 104 is W, meaning that the width of the stator slot 101 is W along the circumference of the stator core 10, and the width of the slot opening 102 of the stator slot 101 along the circumference of the stator core 10 is L. For example, in an embodiment with two toothed shoes 13, the distance between the two toothed shoes 13 is L. Furthermore, W and L satisfy: 0.5W ≤ L ≤ 0.9W. If L / W is too small, the conductor 213 will be difficult to install into the stator slot 101, resulting in high installation difficulty; if L / W is too large, the slot opening 102 will be too large, which is detrimental to improving torque and reducing noise and iron loss. Within the above ratio range, the requirements for low installation difficulty and improved torque are balanced. For example, in some specific embodiments, L / W can be 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9, etc.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made to... Figures 2-5 As shown, the width of the slot 102 of the stator slot 101 is greater than the thickness of the conductor 213. Here, "slot width 102" refers to the dimension of the slot 102 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10; "thickness of conductor 213" refers to the minimum dimension of the conductor 213 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10, for example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, conductor 213 is a flat wire, and the cross-section of conductor 213 perpendicular to the axis of stator core 10 is roughly rectangular. The width of the rectangle is the thickness of conductor 213.

[0082] By making the width of the slot 102 of the stator tooth 101 greater than the thickness of the conductor 213, the size of the slot 102 is reduced while the conductor 213 can be smoothly installed into the stator tooth 101.

[0083] In some embodiments, the width of the slot 102 is greater than the thickness of the conductor 213, and the width of the slot 102 is less than the sum of the thicknesses of the two conductors 213. For example, the difference between the width of the slot 102 and the thickness of the conductor 213 is less than or equal to 2 mm, so as to meet assembly requirements while minimizing the opening size of the slot 102, thereby improving torque and reducing noise and iron loss.

[0084] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-5As shown, within the stator slot 101, the radial dimension of the conductor 213 along the stator core 10 is larger than its circumferential dimension along the stator core 10. For example, in some specific embodiments, the cross-section of the conductor 213 perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10 is rectangular, with the long side of the rectangle forming the width direction of the conductor 213 and the short side forming the thickness direction of the conductor 213. In each conductor group, multiple conductors 213 can be arranged along the thickness direction of the conductor 213, and multiple conductor groups are arranged along the width direction of the conductor 213. The coil 21 is formed as a flat wire coil 21.

[0085] Therefore, when the coil 21 is installed in the stator slot 101, the dimension of each row of conductors 213 along the width of the slot opening 102 is the same as the dimension of the conductors 213 along the circumference of the stator core 10. If the thickness of the conductors 213 is small, the required size of the slot opening 102 of the stator slot 101 is smaller, and the space occupied by each row of conductors 213 in the circumference of the stator core 10 is smaller, so that multiple rows of conductors 213 can be set in the stator slot 101, and the number of conductors included in each conductor group is easy to adjust.

[0086] For example, in some embodiments, multiple conductors 213 located in the same stator slot 101 are connected in series, that is, multiple conductors 213 located in the same layer are connected in series, and multiple conductor groups are also connected in series, so that the conductors 213 located in the same stator slot 101 form a series branch. In this way, multiple rows of conductors 213 in each stator slot 101 can form a winding effect of multiple bundles of wires, which is beneficial to improving the series flux potential of the stator winding 20 and thus improving the torque.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 6-21 As shown, each coil 21 may include an axial conductor 214, a circumferential conductor 215, and a connecting conductor 216. The axial conductor 214 is located in the stator slot 101, the circumferential conductor 215 extends circumferentially along the stator core 10, and the connecting conductor 216 connects the axial conductor 214 and the circumferential conductor 215 so that the coil 21 forms a ring structure.

[0088] Specifically, such as Figures 6-21 As shown, the coil 21 includes two axial conductors 214, two circumferential conductors 215 and four connecting conductors 216. The two ends of each axial conductor 214 are connected to the ends of the two circumferential conductors 215 through a connecting conductor 216, so that the coil 21 forms a ring structure.

[0089] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 6-21As shown, the multiple coils 21 of the stator winding 20 can form a first coil 22 and a second coil 23 with different structures. It should be noted that each first coil 22 may include one or more coils 21, and each second coil 23 may include one or more coils 21. In embodiments that include multiple coils 21, the multiple coils 21 can be arranged concentrically to form a first coil 22 or a second coil 23.

[0090] Among them, in two concentric and adjacent coils 21, such as Figures 8-21 As shown, the difference between the slot span of the outer coil 21 and the slot span of the inner coil 21 is 2, so that the outer coil 21 is formed as a long-pitch coil 21 and the inner coil 21 is formed as a short-pitch coil 21, ensuring that the installation of multiple coils 21 on the stator core 10 does not interfere with each other and avoids damage to the coils 21.

[0091] In some embodiments, a plurality of first coils 22 are arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, and a plurality of second coils 23 are arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10. The plurality of first coils 22 and the plurality of second coils 23 are staggered by a preset angle, which is half of the central angle corresponding to the first coil 22, so that the axial conductor 214 of each second coil 23 is located in the stator slot 101 between the two axial conductors 214 of the same first coil 22, and the axial conductor 214 of each first coil 22 is located in the stator slot 101 between the two axial conductors 214 of the same second coil 23.

[0092] In some specific embodiments, the first coil 22 includes two concentrically arranged coils 21, and the second coil 23 also includes two concentrically arranged coils 21. Both the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 include two outer axial conductors 214 and two inner axial conductors 214. An adjacent pair of inner axial conductors 214 and outer axial conductors 214 of the first coil 22 are located between the two inner axial conductors 214 of the second coil 23, and an adjacent pair of inner axial conductors 214 and outer axial conductors 214 of the second coil 23 are located between the two inner axial conductors 214 of the first coil 22. For example, the stator slots 101 corresponding to the four axial conductors 214 of the first coil 22 can be numbered 1, 2, 7, and 8, and the stator slots 101 corresponding to the four axial conductors 214 of the second coil 23 can be numbered 5, 6, 11, and 12.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6-21As shown, the circumferential conductor 215 of the first coil 22 is located axially outside the stator yoke 12, and the circumferential conductor 215 of the second coil 23 is located axially outside the stator tooth 11. In other words, the projection of the circumferential conductor 215 of the first coil 22 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 falls within the projection range of the stator yoke 12, and the projection of the circumferential conductor 215 of the second coil 23 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 is located in the region between the stator yoke 12 and the stator hole. Correspondingly, the connecting conductor 216 of the first coil 22 can extend radially along the stator core 10, and the connecting conductor 216 of the second coil 23 can extend axially along the stator core 10, so that the circumferential conductor 215 connected to the connecting conductor 216 can be staggered both radially and axially in the stator core 10, and the stator winding 20 structure is compact.

[0094] Therefore, the circumferential conductor 215 of the first coil 22 and the circumferential conductor 215 of the second coil 23 are arranged radially offset from each other along the stator core 10, which satisfies the arrangement requirements of the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 arranged circumferentially offset, avoids interference, and facilitates installation.

[0095] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figures 6-21 As shown, in the axial direction of the stator core 10, the circumferential conductor 215 of the second coil 23 is located on the side away from the stator core 10 from the circumferential conductor 215 of the first coil 22, so that the circumferential conductor 215 of the second coil 23 is offset from the circumferential conductor 215 of the first coil 22 in the axial direction of the stator core 10, which satisfies the arrangement requirements of the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 arranged circumferentially offset, and avoids interference.

[0096] During the assembly process, multiple first coils 22 can be installed into the corresponding stator slots 101, so that the two circumferential conductors 215 of each first coil 22 are located on both sides of the axial direction of the stator yoke 12, and the circumferential conductors 215 of the first coil 22 are in clearance fit with the stator yoke 12; then multiple second coils 23 can be installed into the corresponding stator slots 101, so that the two circumferential conductors 215 of each second coil 23 are located on both sides of the axial direction of the stator slots 11, and the circumferential conductors 215 of the second coil 23 are located outside the connecting conductor 216 and the circumferential conductors 215 of the first coil 22 (i.e., on the side away from the stator core 10). The assembly of the first coils 22 does not affect the assembly of the second coils 23, and the structure and arrangement are reasonable and orderly.

[0097] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figures 6-21As shown, in the circumferential conductor 215 of the first coil 22, the second conductor group 212 is located on the side of the first conductor group 211 away from the stator core 10. Correspondingly, the connecting conductor 216 of the first coil 22 can extend substantially radially along the stator core 10. During the winding process of the first coil 22, the positions of the multiple conductor groups do not interfere with each other, and the multiple conductors 213 within the same conductor group do not interfere with each other, which is beneficial to improving the yield rate of the first coil 22 winding.

[0098] When winding the first coil 22, the conductor 213 of the axial conductor 214 can be bent outward along the radial direction of the stator core 10 to obtain one of the conductors 213 of the connecting conductor 216. Then, it can be bent circumferentially along the stator core 10 to obtain one of the conductors 213 of the circumferential conductor 215. Finally, it can be bent inward along the radial direction of the stator core 10. During the entire winding process, the conductors 213 of the axial conductor 214, connecting conductor 216, and circumferential conductor 215 can be obtained by bending and winding a single wire. Alternatively, all the conductors 213 of the axial conductor 214, connecting conductor 216, and circumferential conductor 215 can be bent and wound using the same wire. This eliminates the need for twisting and flaring processes in hairpin windings, greatly reducing the complexity of the process and improving manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, multiple conductors 213 in the axial conductor 214, connecting conductor 216, and circumferential conductor 215 can be arranged neatly and orderly, significantly improving the yield rate and the performance of the stator 100.

[0099] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figures 6-21 As shown, in the circumferential conductors 215 of the second coil 23, the second conductor group 212 is located on the side of the first conductor group 211 near the stator yoke 12. Correspondingly, the connecting conductor 216 of the second coil 23 can extend substantially along the axial direction of the stator core 10. During the winding process of the second coil 23, the positions of the multiple conductor groups do not interfere with each other, and the multiple conductors 213 within the same conductor group do not interfere with each other, which is beneficial to improving the yield rate of the second coil 23 winding.

[0100] By extending the connecting conductor 216 of the second coil 23 along the axial direction of the stator core 10, the circumferential conductor 215 can be staggered relative to the axial conductor 214 in the axial direction of the stator core 10. With the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 simultaneously installed on the stator core 10, it is advantageous to ensure that the circumferential conductors 215 of the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 are at least partially staggered in both the axial and radial directions of the stator core 10. This facilitates a more compact arrangement of the stator winding 20 on the stator core 10, reducing the space occupied.

[0101] When winding the second coil 23, the conductor 213 of the axial conductor 214 can be extended out of the stator slot 101 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 to wind one of the conductors 213 connecting the conductor 216, and then bent along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 to wind one of the conductors 213 of the circumferential conductor 215, and then bent along the axial direction of the stator core 10 toward the stator slot 101. Throughout the winding process, conductors 213, including axial conductor 214, connecting conductor 216, and circumferential conductor 215, can be obtained by bending and winding a single wire. Alternatively, all conductors 213 of axial conductor 214, connecting conductor 216, and circumferential conductor 215 can be formed by bending and winding the same wire. This eliminates the need for twisting and widening processes in hairpin windings, greatly reducing the complexity of the process and improving manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, multiple conductors 213 in axial conductor 214, connecting conductor 216, and circumferential conductor 215 can be arranged neatly and orderly, significantly improving the pass rate and stator 100 performance.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, the stator winding 20 includes a multi-phase winding. Each phase winding has multiple coils 21 corresponding to multiple first coils 22 and multiple second coils 23, where "multiple" refers to two or more. All first coils 22 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 10 according to a predetermined multi-phase order, and all second coils 23 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 10 according to a predetermined multi-phase order. Furthermore, the first coils 22 and second coils 23 corresponding to the same phase are arranged alternately along the circumference of the stator core 10. Each first coil 22 may include at least one coil 21, and each second coil 23 may include at least one coil 21.

[0103] For example, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, the stator winding 20 includes six first coils 22 and six second coils 23, and the stator winding 20 includes three-phase windings of phase A, phase B, and phase C, with each phase including two first coils 22 and two second coils 23. The six first coils 22 are arranged sequentially in the order of phase A, phase B, phase C, phase A, phase B, and phase C, and the six second coils 23 are arranged sequentially in the order of phase A, phase B, phase C, phase A, phase B, and phase C. Each first coil 22 includes two concentrically arranged coils 21, and each second coil 23 also includes two concentrically arranged coils 21. The first coils 22 and second coils 23 corresponding to the same phase are arranged alternately, i.e., in the order of first coil 22, second coil 23, first coil 22, second coil 23; the first coils 22 and second coils 23 corresponding to the same phase are arranged alternately, i.e., in the order of first coil 22, second coil 23, first coil 22, second coil 23.

[0104] By setting two different structures for the first coil 22 and the second coil 23, the assembly requirements of the stator winding 20 can be met. The first coil 22 and the second coil 23 have strong applicability, and the number of types of coil 21 is small, which helps to reduce the difficulty of prefabricating the coil 21 and improve production efficiency.

[0105] In some specific embodiments, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, both the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 include two coils 21 arranged concentrically, that is, both include an inner coil 21 and an outer coil 21. Each phase winding includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and each branch connects only the two coils 21 of the first coil 22 in series, only the two coils 21 of the second coil 23 in series, or simultaneously connects the two coils 21 of the first coil 22 and the two coils 21 of the second coil 23 in series. Thus, each branch forms a non-full-turn arrangement structure, which is conducive to forming more parallel branches to meet the application requirements of low-voltage conditions. Furthermore, by connecting two coils 21 located in the same first coil 22 or the same second coil 23 in series, the resistance difference between the two coils 21 can be balanced to improve the performance of the stator 100 of the motor 200.

[0106] Specifically, each phase winding includes two first coils 22 (denoted as 1# first coil 22 and 2# first coil 22) and two second coils 23 (denoted as 1# second coil 23 and 2# second coil 23), which are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 10 in the order of 1# first coil 22, 1# second coil 23, 2# first coil 22, and 2# second coil 23.

[0107] In some specific embodiments, each phase winding forms two parallel branches. One branch connects the inner coil 21 and outer coil 21 of the first coil 22 and the inner coil 21 and outer coil 21 of the second coil 23 in series, while the other branch connects the inner coil 21 and outer coil 21 of the first coil 22 and the inner coil 21 and outer coil 21 of the second coil 23 in series.

[0108] In some other specific embodiments, each phase winding forms four parallel branches. The first branch connects the inner coil 21 and the outer coil 21 of the first coil 22 in series; the second branch connects the inner coil 21 and the outer coil 21 of the second coil 23 in series; the third branch connects the inner coil 21 and the outer coil 21 of the first coil 22 in series; and the fourth branch connects the inner coil 21 and the outer coil 21 of the second coil 23 in series.

[0109] like Figure 22As shown, the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the stator 100 of the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention has the aforementioned beneficial technical effects, the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention can achieve orderly installation of coils 21 including multi-layer conductor groups and multiple conductors 213 within the stator slots 101, avoiding interference between multiple conductors 213, reducing assembly process difficulty, improving production efficiency and yield, and the stator 100 has good heat dissipation effect, low mold opening cost and process cost.

[0110] like Figure 22 As shown, the vehicle 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention has the aforementioned beneficial technical effects, the vehicle 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention can achieve orderly installation of coils 21, including multi-layer conductor groups and multiple conductors 213, within the stator slots 101, avoiding interference between the multiple conductors 213, reducing assembly process difficulty, improving production efficiency and yield, and providing good heat dissipation for the stator 100, while also reducing mold opening costs and process costs.

[0111] In some specific embodiments, the number of slots in the stator 101 is 48, and the number of pole pairs corresponding to the stator 100 is 6, making the stator 100 more suitable for the application requirements of the automotive drive motor 200.

[0112] Here, vehicle 300 can be a new energy vehicle. In some embodiments, the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle 300 with motor 200 as the main driving force. In other embodiments, the new energy vehicle 300 can also be a hybrid vehicle with both an internal combustion engine and motor 200 as the main driving force. Regarding the internal combustion engine and motor 200 mentioned in the above embodiments that provide driving power for the new energy vehicle, the internal combustion engine can use gasoline, diesel, hydrogen, etc. as fuel, and the way to provide electrical energy to motor 200 can be a power battery, hydrogen fuel cell, etc., without special limitation. It should be noted that this is merely an exemplary description of the structure of new energy vehicles, etc., and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0113] Other configurations and operations of the vehicle 300 and motor 200 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0114] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "specific embodiment," and "example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0116] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stator for an electric motor, characterized in that, include: The stator core includes a plurality of stator teeth and an annular stator yoke. The plurality of stator teeth are arranged circumferentially on the inner or outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke, and a stator tooth groove is formed between two adjacent stator teeth. A stator winding, comprising a plurality of coils mounted on the stator core, wherein the portion of the coils located within the stator slots comprises multiple layers of conductor groups arranged radially along the stator core, the multiple conductor groups comprising at least one first conductor group and at least one second conductor group, the first conductor group being located on the side of the second conductor group closer to the stator yoke, wherein... Each layer of the first conductor group includes a plurality of conductors arranged circumferentially along the stator core, and each layer of the second conductor group includes one conductor or a plurality of conductors arranged circumferentially along the stator core. The number of conductors in the second conductor group is less than the number of conductors in the first conductor group. The conductors in the first conductor group and the conductors in the second conductor group have the same cross-sectional dimensions perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator core. The stator tooth slot has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. During the operation of the motor, the first side on the same stator tooth contacts the rotor magnetic field of the motor first relative to the second side. The first side is provided with a protrusion protruding toward the adjacent stator tooth. In the circumferential direction of the stator core, the second conductor group is located between the protrusion and the adjacent second side surface; The conductor is a flat wire, and within the stator slot, the radial dimension of the conductor along the stator core is greater than the circumferential dimension along the stator core. The distance between the first side and the second side is W, and the width of the slot opening of the stator tooth along the circumference of the stator core is L, 0.5W≤L≤0.9W; the width of the slot opening along the circumference of the stator core is greater than the size of the conductor along the circumference of the stator core but less than twice that size.

2. The stator of the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the stator core, the protrusion is located on the side of the first conductor group away from the stator yoke.

3. The stator of the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the protrusion facing away from the stator yoke is coplanar with the end face of the stator tooth facing away from the stator yoke.

4. The stator of the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the protrusion and the second side has a toothed shoe at the end away from the stator yoke.

5. The stator of the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the coils, the second conductor group consists of one or two layers.

6. The stator of the motor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Each of the coils includes an axial conductor located within the stator slot, a circumferential conductor extending circumferentially along the stator core, and a connecting conductor connecting the axial conductor and the circumferential conductor. A plurality of the coils constitute a first coil and a second coil. Each first coil includes at least one coil arranged concentrically, and each second coil includes at least one coil arranged concentrically. The circumferential conductor of the first coil is located axially outside the stator yoke, and the circumferential conductor of the second coil is located axially outside the stator teeth.

7. The stator of the motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the axial direction of the stator core, the circumferential conductor of the second coil is located on the side of the circumferential conductor of the first coil away from the stator core.

8. The stator of the motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the circumferential conductors of the first coil, the second conductor group is located on the side of the first conductor group away from the stator core; In the circumferential conductors of the second coil, the second conductor group is located on the side of the first conductor group closer to the stator yoke.

9. The stator of the motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stator winding includes a multi-phase winding, with the first coil and the second coil corresponding to the same phase arranged alternately along the circumference of the stator core. Both the first coil and the second coil include two coils arranged concentrically. Each phase winding includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and each branch is connected in series with two coils of the first coil and / or in series with two coils of the second coil.

10. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the stator of the motor according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor according to claim 10.

Images