Battery charging method, device, apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging method, device, equipment and storage medium, comprising: obtaining a charging response parameter of a charging device in a battery charging process; and adjusting a charging current of the battery according to the charging response parameter. In the battery charging process, the power consuming device automatically identifies the charging response parameter of the charging device, and provides a parameter basis for adjusting the constant voltage charging in the constant voltage charging process. The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the charging response parameter of the charging device, so as to realize the constant voltage charging process, so that the power consuming device adapts to the response performance of the charging device, and the stability and safety of the constant voltage charging process are improved, and the stability and robustness of the constant voltage charging control are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery charging method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium plating at the negative electrode is the leading cause of safety accidents in lithium-ion batteries, and excessive charging current is one of the main reasons for this. During constant-voltage charging, the charging current gradually decreases, preventing the negative electrode from reaching a lithium plating potential. Therefore, constant-voltage charging does not lead to lithium plating and is an effective charging method that balances charging time and safety.

[0003] However, the battery charging process is greatly affected by the performance of the charging device. The control process of constant voltage charging in related technologies cannot adapt to charging devices with different performance. The effect of constant voltage charging using different charging devices varies greatly, and the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging are not high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery charging method, apparatus, device, and storage medium that enables constant voltage charging control to adapt to the response performance of different charging devices, thereby improving the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging control.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery charging method, including:

[0006] Acquire charging response parameters of the charging device during battery charging;

[0007] The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the charging response parameters.

[0008] In this embodiment, the charging response parameters of the charging device are automatically identified, providing a basis for adjusting the constant voltage charging process. The battery charging current is adjusted according to the charging response parameters to achieve a constant voltage charging process. This allows the electrical equipment to adapt to the response performance of the charging device, improving the stability and safety of the constant voltage charging process, and enhancing the stability and robustness of the constant voltage charging control.

[0009] In some embodiments, obtaining the charging response parameters of the charging device includes:

[0010] Send a request for charging current to the charging device;

[0011] Receive the response charging current from the charging device in response to the requested charging current;

[0012] The charging response parameters are calculated based on the charging current.

[0013] In this embodiment, an initial response charging current is obtained based on the initial requested charging current when the battery first enters the charging process. Charging response parameters are then calculated based on this initial response charging current. This allows the device to automatically identify the charging response parameters of the charging device very quickly after the charging process begins. These parameters can then be used to adjust the battery's charging current during subsequent charging, ensuring that the actual response charging current matches the battery's actual current requirements. This adapts the charging control process to the charging device's response performance, improving charging control accuracy and making the charging process more efficient and safer.

[0014] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0015] When it is determined that the requested charging current has changed, the changed requested charging current is sent to the charging device.

[0016] Receive the response charging current from the charging device in response to the changed requested charging current.

[0017] The charging response parameters are calculated based on the response charging current after the change in the requested charging current.

[0018] In this embodiment, whenever a change in the requested charging current is detected during the charging process, the charging response parameters corresponding to the charging device's response to the changed requested charging current are calculated using the method described above. This recording of charging response parameters each time the requested charging current changes allows the device to automatically identify the charging response parameters of the charging device. Subsequently, based on the recorded charging response parameters corresponding to multiple current changes, the charging current during the charging process is adjusted. This ensures that the actual charging current of the charging device matches the actual current required by the battery, adapting the charging control process to the response performance of the charging device, improving the accuracy of charging control, and making the charging process more efficient and safer. Especially during the constant voltage charging stage, adjusting the charging current based on the recorded charging response parameters significantly improves the stability of the constant voltage charging control process.

[0019] In some embodiments, calculating the charging response parameters based on the response charging current includes:

[0020] The response duration is calculated based on the response time of the charging current.

[0021] In this embodiment, the response time represents the response speed of the charging device; a longer response time indicates a slower response speed. The response time is calculated based on the response time of the charging device's output charging current, enabling the device to automatically and accurately identify the charging device's response time. This allows the device to subsequently adjust the charging current based on the response time, automatically adapting to the charging device's response performance, making the charging process more stable, efficient, and safe.

[0022] In some embodiments, calculating the charging response parameters based on the response charging current includes:

[0023] The response efficiency ratio is calculated based on the response charging current, wherein the response efficiency ratio is the ratio of the response charging current to the requested charging current.

[0024] In this embodiment, the response efficiency ratio is the ratio between the response charging current of the charging device and the requested charging current of the device. The response efficiency ratio reflects the charging device's efficiency in responding to the requested charging current; a higher response efficiency ratio indicates a more efficient response. Calculating the response efficiency ratio based on the output charging current of the charging device and the requested charging current of the device allows the device to automatically and accurately identify the charging device's response efficiency ratio. This enables the device to adjust its charging current accordingly, automatically adapting to the charging device's response performance, resulting in a more stable, efficient, and safe charging process.

[0025] In some embodiments, determining that the requested charging current has changed includes:

[0026] During the phased constant current charging process, if the current constant current charging phase ends and the next constant current charging phase begins, it is determined that the requested charging current has changed.

[0027] In this embodiment, the timing of the change in the requested charging current is determined based on the switching timing between each constant current charging stage during the phased constant current charging process. The method of determining the change in the requested charging current is simple, accurate, and requires little computation.

[0028] In some embodiments, determining that the requested charging current has changed includes:

[0029] Determine the current requested charging current based on the current battery state parameters;

[0030] If the current requested charging current is different from the previously determined requested charging current, then it is determined that the requested charging current has changed.

[0031] In this embodiment, the current requested charging current is calculated based on battery state parameters. If the calculated requested charging current is different from the most recent calculated requested charging current, it indicates that the requested charging current has changed. Determining whether the requested charging current has changed based on the real-time battery state parameters ensures high accuracy.

[0032] In some embodiments, determining that the requested charging current has changed includes:

[0033] During constant voltage charging, the charging current is determined to change at preset intervals.

[0034] In this embodiment, changes in the requested charging current are periodically determined and charging response parameters are acquired during the constant voltage charging phase. The method for determining changes in the requested charging current is simple and computationally inefficient. Furthermore, the charging response parameters are identified multiple times during the constant voltage charging phase, increasing the number of identified parameters and improving the control accuracy of the constant voltage charging process based on these parameters.

[0035] In some embodiments, adjusting the charging current of the battery according to the charging response parameters includes:

[0036] The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to at least one of the charging response parameters, namely response time and response efficiency ratio.

[0037] In this embodiment, adjusting the charging current based solely on the response time allows the device to adapt well to the charging device's response speed, reducing low charging efficiency caused by slow response times and avoiding charging safety issues caused by fast response times. Adjusting the charging current based solely on the response efficiency ratio allows the device to adapt well to the charging device's response efficiency. By adjusting the charging current, the charging device's response current can better match the actual charging current required by the device, thereby improving charging efficiency and safety. Simultaneously adjusting the charging current based on both response time and response efficiency ratio balances both the charging device's response speed and efficiency, making the entire charging process more stable, efficient, and safe.

[0038] In some embodiments, adjusting the charging current of the battery according to at least one of the charging response parameters, including response time and response efficiency ratio, includes:

[0039] The control parameters of the preset constant pressure control algorithm are adjusted according to at least one of the response duration and the response efficiency ratio.

[0040] The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the adjusted control parameters by the preset constant voltage control algorithm.

[0041] In this embodiment, adjusting the control parameters of the preset constant voltage control algorithm based solely on the response time allows the algorithm to adapt to the response speed of the charging device. Adjusting the charging current based on the adjusted control parameters reduces low charging efficiency caused by slow charging device response and avoids charging safety issues caused by fast charging device response. Adjusting the control parameters based solely on the response efficiency ratio allows the algorithm to adapt to the charging device's response efficiency. Adjusting the charging current based on the adjusted parameters ensures the charging current better matches the actual charging current required by the device, thereby improving charging efficiency and safety. Simultaneously adjusting the control parameters based on both response time and response efficiency ratio ensures the adjusted preset constant voltage control algorithm balances both the charging device's response speed and efficiency, making the entire constant voltage charging process more stable, efficient, and safe. This improves the algorithm's adaptability to the charging device, ensures stable and efficient charging, and enhances the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging control.

[0042] In some embodiments, adjusting the charging current of the battery according to at least one of the charging response parameters, including response time and response efficiency ratio, includes:

[0043] The charging current of the battery is adjusted based on at least one of the maximum response time and minimum response efficiency ratio recorded during the current charging process.

[0044] In this embodiment, adjusting the battery charging current based on the maximum response time can minimize the impact of slow charging device response speed by adjusting the battery's requested charging current, thereby improving charging efficiency and safety. Conversely, adjusting the battery's requested charging current based on the minimum response efficiency can minimize the impact of low charging device response efficiency. This reduces the influence of the charging device's response performance on the current constant voltage charging phase, ensuring the battery adapts to the charging device's response performance and improving the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging control.

[0045] In some embodiments, adjusting the charging current of the battery according to at least one of the charging response parameters, including response time and response efficiency ratio, includes:

[0046] Determine the current requested charging current;

[0047] Calculate the response adjustment coefficient based on at least one of the response duration and the response efficiency ratio;

[0048] The determined requested charging current is adjusted according to the response adjustment coefficient.

[0049] The adjusted requested charging current is sent to the charging device.

[0050] In this embodiment, the current requested charging current is adjusted based on the response time and / or response efficiency ratio. The adjusted requested charging current is used to request charging from the charging device. The charging device responds to the adjusted requested charging current based on its own response speed and response efficiency. The actual current output by the charging device can meet the actual current demand of the battery, so that the response charging current of the charging device matches the demand current of the battery. This improves the adaptability of the battery of the device to the charging device, ensures that the constant voltage charging process has a stable and efficient charging effect, and improves the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging control.

[0051] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0052] The battery charging process is initiated, and the battery is charged in stages using a constant current method.

[0053] During the phased constant current charging process, if it is determined that the individual cells included in the battery meet the preset conditions, the charging current of the battery is adjusted.

[0054] In this embodiment, a phased constant current charging process is first performed during the charging process, which has a relatively fast charging speed. During the phased constant current charging process, the timing for entering constant voltage charging is determined based on whether the individual cells in the battery meet preset conditions. This achieves constant voltage charging based on the condition of the individual cells in the battery, ensuring that constant voltage charging meets the charging safety requirements of each individual cell.

[0055] In some embodiments, adjusting the charging current of the battery if it is determined that the individual cells included in the battery meet preset conditions includes:

[0056] Obtain the current cell voltage of each individual cell in the battery; if the current maximum cell voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold, then determine that the preset condition is met; or,

[0057] Obtain the current cell charge level of each individual cell in the battery; if the current maximum cell charge level is greater than a preset cell charge threshold, then the preset condition is satisfied.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the voltage of the largest single cell exceeds a preset capacity threshold, the charging process switches from constant current charging to constant voltage charging. This allows constant voltage charging to be controlled by the voltage of each individual cell, improving the control accuracy of constant voltage charging. Furthermore, switching to constant voltage charging when the voltage of the largest single cell exceeds the preset capacity threshold ensures that the cell corresponding to the largest single cell voltage will not experience lithium plating, thus ensuring the charging safety of that cell. Since the cell with the largest single cell voltage does not experience lithium plating, other cells in the battery with voltages lower than that largest single cell voltage are even less likely to experience lithium plating, ensuring the overall charging safety of the battery.

[0059] Alternatively, when the maximum single-cell capacity exceeds a preset threshold, the charging process switches from constant current to constant voltage, controlling the constant voltage charging based on the individual cell's capacity, thus improving the control precision of constant voltage charging. Furthermore, switching to constant voltage charging when the maximum single-cell capacity exceeds the preset threshold ensures that the cell corresponding to the maximum single-cell capacity will not experience lithium plating, ensuring the charging safety of that cell. Since the cell with the maximum single-cell capacity does not experience lithium plating, other cells in the battery with capacities lower than that maximum single-cell capacity are even less likely to experience lithium plating, ensuring the overall charging safety of the battery.

[0060] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery charging device, comprising:

[0061] The response parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the charging response parameters of the charging device during battery charging.

[0062] A charging current adjustment module is used to adjust the charging current of the battery according to the charging response parameters.

[0063] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0064] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0065] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0066] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0067] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a battery charging method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the current curve for staged constant current charging provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current curve during the constant voltage charging stage provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery charging device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0073] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not vertical in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range.

[0074] The directional terms used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0075] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also widely applied in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. In electric transportation, military equipment, and aerospace, power batteries are typically used to provide power.

[0076] Devices using power batteries need to recharge them when the battery charge is low. Currently, power batteries commonly use lithium batteries. Lithium batteries are chemical systems where lithium ions migrate from the positive electrode to the negative electrode during charging, accumulating there. Lithium deposition at the negative electrode is a major cause of lithium battery safety accidents. Many factors contribute to this deposition, with excessive charging current being a primary cause. Lithium deposition reduces the thermal stability of the negative electrode, and the formed lithium dendrites may puncture the separator, causing a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, thus leading to a battery safety accident.

[0077] To address the safety issues caused by lithium plating at the negative electrode, constant voltage charging was developed. Constant voltage charging is an effective method for balancing charging time and safety. During battery charging, the positive electrode continuously releases lithium ions, causing its potential to gradually rise. Conversely, the negative electrode's potential gradually decreases as lithium ions are inserted into it. During constant voltage charging, the positive electrode potential continuously rises while the current gradually decreases, resulting in a slow rise in the negative electrode potential. Therefore, when constant voltage charging is initiated, the negative electrode potential does not drop to 0V, preventing lithium plating and thus avoiding safety incidents caused by negative electrode lithium plating.

[0078] The charging process of batteries is affected by the performance of charging devices such as charging piles. The inventors of this application discovered, during the process of using different charging devices to perform constant-voltage charging of power batteries, that different charging devices have different response performances to the requested charging current from the power battery. The response of the charging device to the requested charging current may be delayed, and the charging current of the charging device may not be equal to the requested charging current of the power battery. The inventors found that the existing constant-voltage charging method cannot adapt to the response performance of different charging devices. The response performance of the charging device reduces the charging effect of constant-voltage charging, resulting in longer charging times and higher charging safety risks. Furthermore, if the same power battery is charged with constant voltage using different charging devices, the effect of constant-voltage charging varies greatly, and the stability and robustness of constant-voltage charging of the battery are not high.

[0079] To ensure that constant voltage charging can adapt to different charging devices and improve the control stability and robustness of constant voltage charging, the inventors of this application, through in-depth research, have designed a battery charging method. This method acquires the charging response parameters of the charging device during the battery charging process and adjusts the battery charging current based on the acquired charging response parameters to achieve more stable constant voltage charging of the power battery.

[0080] This system identifies the charging response parameters of a charging device during battery charging. These parameters are then used to adjust the charging current during constant-voltage charging, adapting to the device's response performance. This ensures highly stable and high-quality constant-voltage charging for power batteries using any charging device, improving the stability and robustness of the constant-voltage charging closed-loop control.

[0081] The battery charging method provided in this application can be applied to any battery capable of constant voltage charging. This battery can be a single cell, or a battery pack or array of multiple single cells. Electrical devices that can utilize the charging method provided in this application can include, but are not limited to, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc., equipped with power batteries. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0082] The aforementioned electrical equipment can be connected to an external charging device to charge its power battery. This charging device can be a charging pile or other electrical equipment. After the electrical equipment establishes a connection with the charging device and charging begins, the control module corresponding to the battery in the electrical equipment acquires the charging response parameters of the charging device. Based on these parameters, it performs constant-voltage charging on the power battery, thereby adapting to the response performance of the charging device, improving the charging effect of constant-voltage charging, and ensuring the stability and robustness of constant-voltage charging control.

[0083] This application provides a battery charging method. During battery charging, the method identifies the charging response parameters of the charging device and adjusts the charging current during constant-voltage charging using these parameters to adapt to the response performance of the charging device. This achieves high-stability, high-quality constant-voltage charging for power batteries using any charging device, improving the stability and robustness of the constant-voltage charging closed-loop control.

[0084] See Figure 1 The flowchart shown illustrates a battery charging method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] Step 101: Acquire the charging response parameters of the charging device during battery charging.

[0086] The execution subject in this application embodiment is an electrical device or a control module within an electrical device. This control module can be a BMS (Battery Management System), a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit), a DC (Domain Controller), etc. This application embodiment uses a control module as an example for detailed explanation.

[0087] When the battery of an electrical device needs charging, the user plugs the charging connector into the charging port of the device, which can be a charging station or other electrical equipment. When charging is required, the user inserts the charging connector into the charging port of the device. The control module detects the insertion and controls the vehicle to apply high voltage for fast charging. Applying high voltage to the vehicle means closing the switch between the positive and negative terminals of the power battery and the charging circuit of the electrical device, making the charging circuit containing the power battery conductive. With high voltage applied and a communication connection established between the control module and the charging device, the control module determines the charging current that the battery can currently accept and uses this charging current as the current requested charging current. The control module then sends this requested charging current to the charging device.

[0088] As an example, the control module includes a Battery Management System (BMS) and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU). When the VCU detects the insertion of the charging port and controls the high-voltage connection to the vehicle, the BMS acquires the current battery state parameters, including the current battery voltage, temperature, and SOC (State of Charge). Based on these parameters, the acceptable charging current for the battery is determined. Specifically, this can be done by querying a charging window table, which maps different battery state parameters to different requested charging currents. For example, based on the battery's maximum and minimum SOC values, maximum and minimum temperatures, the corresponding requested charging current for the specified SOC and temperature values ​​can be retrieved from the charging window.

[0089] After determining the acceptable charging current using the above method, this charging current is sent as a request charging current to the VCU. The VCU then forwards this request charging current to the charging device. The charging device receives the request charging current sent by the VCU and outputs a response charging current corresponding to the request charging current to the device, thereby charging the device's battery.

[0090] When the battery first enters the charging process, the initial requested charging current is determined using the method described above, and this initial requested charging current is sent to the charging device. The initial response charging current output by the charging device in response to this initial requested charging current is received. Charging response parameters are calculated based on this initial response charging current.

[0091] When the battery first enters the charging process, an initial response charging current is obtained based on the initial requested charging current. Charging response parameters are then calculated based on this initial response charging current. This allows the device to automatically identify the charging response parameters of the charging device very quickly after the charging process begins. These parameters can then be used to adjust the battery's charging current during subsequent charging, ensuring that the actual response charging current matches the battery's actual current requirements. This adapts the charging control process to the charging device's response performance, improving charging control accuracy and making the charging process more efficient and safer.

[0092] After the charging process begins, the control module monitors in real time whether the battery's requested charging current changes. Upon detecting a change, it sends the changed requested charging current to the charging device and receives the charging device's response charging current. Based on the response charging current, the charging response parameters are calculated.

[0093] During the charging process, whenever a change in the requested charging current is detected, the charging response parameters corresponding to the changed requested charging current are calculated using the method described above. This process records the charging response parameters each time the requested charging current changes, enabling the device to automatically identify the charging response parameters of the charging device. Subsequently, based on the recorded charging response parameters corresponding to multiple current changes, the charging current during the charging process is adjusted. This ensures that the actual charging current of the charging device matches the actual current required by the battery, allowing the charging control process to adapt to the response performance of the charging device, improving the accuracy of charging control, and making the charging process more efficient and safer. Especially during the constant voltage charging phase, adjusting the charging current based on the recorded charging response parameters can significantly improve the stability of the constant voltage charging control process.

[0094] In some embodiments, the charging response parameter may include the response duration of the charging device in response to the requested charging current. The control module calculates the response duration based on the response time of the charging current. In one implementation, the control module records the transmission time of sending the requested charging current to the charging device and the reception time of receiving the charging current from the charging device in response to the requested charging current. The difference between the reception time and the transmission time is calculated, and this difference is the aforementioned response duration. In another implementation, timing begins from the moment the requested charging current is sent. Timing ends when the control module receives the charging current response from the charging device. The duration of the timing is determined as the response duration of the charging device in response to the requested charging current.

[0095] The aforementioned response time indicates the response speed of the charging device; a longer response time indicates a slower response speed. Calculating the response time based on the response time of the charging device's output charging current allows the device to automatically and accurately identify the charging device's response time. This enables the device to subsequently adjust the charging current based on the response time, automatically adapting to the charging device's response performance, making the charging process more stable, efficient, and safe.

[0096] In other embodiments, the charging response parameter may include the response efficiency ratio of the charging device in response to the requested charging current. After receiving the response charging current of the charging device in response to the requested charging current, the control module further calculates the ratio between the response charging current and the requested charging current, and determines this ratio as the response efficiency ratio of the charging device.

[0097] The aforementioned response efficiency ratio is the ratio between the charging current responded by the charging device and the requested charging current of the device. The response efficiency ratio reflects the charging device's efficiency in responding to the requested charging current; a higher ratio indicates a more efficient response. Calculating the response efficiency ratio based on the charging current output by the charging device and the requested charging current of the device allows the device to automatically and accurately identify the ratio. This enables the device to adjust its charging current accordingly, automatically adapting to the charging device's response performance, resulting in a more stable, efficient, and safe charging process.

[0098] In other embodiments of this application, the charging response parameters may also include both the response time and the response efficiency ratio of the charging device. The response time represents the delay time for the charging device to respond to the changed requested charging current, and the response efficiency ratio represents the ratio between the response charging current and the requested charging current. This application does not limit the charging response parameters to only the response time and response efficiency ratio; any other parameter capable of representing the response performance of the charging device can be used as a charging response parameter.

[0099] The response speed of a charging device is represented by its response time, and its response efficiency ratio is represented by its response efficiency to the requested charging current. Charging response parameters, including response time and response efficiency ratio, can fully characterize the response performance of the charging device. Subsequently, the charging current of the battery is adjusted using the response time and response efficiency ratio to control the constant voltage charging process, ensuring that the constant voltage charging control process adapts to the response performance of the charging device. Furthermore, the device can automatically identify the charging response parameters of any charging device connected to it, improving the stability and robustness of the constant voltage charging control.

[0100] In this embodiment, when the battery charging process is first initiated, the battery undergoes staged constant current charging. The staged constant current charging process includes multiple constant current charging stages, each with a different requested charging current. During the staged constant current charging process, if the current constant current charging stage ends and the next constant current charging stage begins, it is determined that the requested charging current has changed. At the start of the first constant current charging stage of the staged constant current charging process, the requested charging current changes from 0 to the requested charging current corresponding to the first constant current charging stage; therefore, it is also determined that the requested charging current has changed at the start of the first constant current charging stage.

[0101] Figure 2 The current curves for staged constant current charging are shown. Figure 2The diagram only illustrates three constant current charging stages. The requested charging current for the first constant current charging stage is I1, for the second stage it is I2, and for the third stage it is I3. At the start of the first constant current stage, the requested charging current changes from 0 to I1, confirming a change in the requested charging current. At the end of the first constant current stage and the start of the second stage, the requested charging current changes from I1 to I2, confirming a change in the requested charging current. At the end of the second constant current stage and the start of the third stage, the requested charging current changes from I2 to I3, confirming a change in the requested charging current. T

[0102] Based on the switching timing between each constant current charging stage during the phased constant current charging process, the timing of changes in the requested charging current can be determined. The method for determining changes in the requested charging current is simple, accurate, and requires little calculation.

[0103] In other embodiments, the current battery state parameters can be monitored after the charging process is initiated. Based on the current battery state parameters, the current requested charging current is determined; if the current requested charging current differs from the previously determined requested charging current, it is determined that the requested charging current has changed.

[0104] In this embodiment, the current requested charging current is calculated based on battery state parameters. If the calculated requested charging current is different from the most recent calculated requested charging current, it indicates that the requested charging current has changed. Determining whether the requested charging current has changed based on the real-time battery state parameters ensures high accuracy.

[0105] During the initial charging process, the battery is first charged using a phased constant current charging method. If the individual cells within the battery meet preset conditions during this phased constant current charging process, the charging current is adjusted to achieve constant voltage charging.

[0106] The charging process begins with staged constant current charging, during which a relatively fast charging speed is achieved. During this staged constant current charging, the timing for transitioning to constant voltage charging is determined based on whether each individual battery cell meets preset conditions. This ensures that constant voltage charging is performed according to the condition of each individual battery cell, guaranteeing that the charging safety requirements of each cell are met.

[0107] In one implementation, during constant current charging, the control module continuously monitors the current voltage of each individual cell in the battery. It determines the maximum voltage from the current voltages of each cell. It then checks if the maximum voltage exceeds a preset capacity threshold. If it does, the battery's electrical properties meet the preset condition, and the charging current is adjusted. If not, constant current charging continues.

[0108] The preset power threshold is the maximum voltage that the battery cell can reach under constant current charging conditions without lithium plating. The preset power threshold can be 3.5V, 3.6V, or 3.65V, etc. This application embodiment does not impose any special restrictions on the specific value of the preset power threshold.

[0109] In this implementation, when the voltage of the largest single cell exceeds a preset capacity threshold, the charging process switches from constant current charging to constant voltage charging. This allows constant voltage charging to be controlled by the voltage of the individual cell, improving the control accuracy of constant voltage charging. Furthermore, switching to constant voltage charging when the voltage of the largest single cell exceeds the preset capacity threshold ensures that the cell corresponding to the largest single cell voltage will not experience lithium plating, thus ensuring the charging safety of that cell. Since the cell with the largest single cell voltage does not experience lithium plating, other cells in the battery with voltages lower than that largest single cell voltage are even less likely to experience lithium plating, ensuring the overall charging safety of the battery.

[0110] In another implementation, during constant current charging, the control module monitors the current charge level of each individual cell in the battery in real time. This charge level can be the current State of Charge (SOC) value of the individual cell. The maximum charge level is determined from the current charge levels of each individual cell. It is then checked whether the maximum charge level exceeds a preset charge threshold. If it does, the battery's individual electrical properties meet the preset conditions, and the charging current is adjusted. If not, constant current charging continues. The preset charge threshold is the maximum charge level a cell can achieve under constant current charging conditions without lithium plating.

[0111] In this implementation, when the maximum single-cell capacity exceeds a preset threshold, the charging process switches from constant current to constant voltage. This allows constant voltage charging to be controlled by the capacity of a single cell, improving the control accuracy of constant voltage charging. Furthermore, switching to constant voltage charging when the maximum single-cell capacity exceeds the preset threshold ensures that the cell corresponding to the maximum single-cell capacity will not experience lithium plating, ensuring the charging safety of that cell. Since the cell with the maximum single-cell capacity does not experience lithium plating, other cells in the battery with capacities lower than that maximum single-cell capacity are even less likely to experience lithium plating, ensuring the overall charging safety of the battery.

[0112] During the constant-voltage charging phase, as the battery charging current is adjusted in real time, the requested charging current gradually decreases, thus changing during this phase. In some embodiments of this application, the charging response parameters of the charging device can also be recorded during the constant-voltage charging phase. Since the requested charging current is constantly changing during the constant-voltage charging phase, in these embodiments, the change in the requested charging current is determined at preset intervals during the constant-voltage charging process. That is, the charging response parameters of the charging device are acquired periodically. The preset interval can be 30 seconds, 1 minute, 3 minutes, or 5 minutes, etc.

[0113] Figure 3 The current curve during the constant voltage charging phase is shown in the figure. As shown in the figure, the current gradually decreases during the constant voltage charging phase. Every 3 minutes, the change in the requested charging current is determined, and the charging response parameters are identified.

[0114] During the constant-voltage charging phase, changes in the requested charging current are periodically identified, and charging response parameters are acquired. The method for determining changes in the requested charging current is simple and computationally inefficient. Furthermore, multiple identifications of the charging response parameters during the constant-voltage charging phase increase the number of identified parameters and improve the control accuracy of the constant-voltage charging process based on these parameters.

[0115] In the embodiments of this application, the charging response parameters of the charging device can be obtained only during the constant current charging stage, or only during the constant voltage charging stage, or the charging response parameters of the charging device can be obtained during both the constant current charging stage and the constant voltage charging stage.

[0116] This step identifies the charging response parameters of the charging device when the requested charging current changes, and then the constant voltage charging of the battery is controlled based on the charging response parameters through the operation in step 102.

[0117] Step 102: Adjust the battery charging current according to the charging response parameters.

[0118] In this embodiment, the charging response parameters may include at least one of the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device. For example, the charging response parameters may only include the response time, or only include the response efficiency ratio, or include both the response time and the response efficiency ratio. When adjusting the charging current of the battery based on the charging response parameters, the adjustment can be made based on at least one of the response time and the response efficiency ratio.

[0119] That is, the battery charging current can be adjusted based solely on the response time. Alternatively, the battery charging current can be adjusted solely based on the response efficiency ratio. Or, the battery charging current can be adjusted based on both the response time and the response efficiency ratio.

[0120] Adjusting the charging current based solely on response time allows the device to adapt well to the charging device's response speed, reducing low charging efficiency caused by slow response times and avoiding charging safety issues caused by fast response times. Adjusting the charging current based solely on the response efficiency ratio allows the device to adapt well to the charging device's response efficiency. By adjusting the charging current, the device's response current is made more closely aligned with the actual charging current required by the device, thereby improving charging efficiency and safety. Adjusting the charging current based on both response time and response efficiency ratio balances both the charging device's response speed and efficiency, resulting in a more stable, efficient, and safe charging process.

[0121] In some embodiments, the control module adjusts the control parameters of a preset constant voltage control algorithm based on at least one of the response time and the response efficiency ratio. The battery charging current is then adjusted using the preset constant voltage control algorithm based on the adjusted control parameters.

[0122] The preset constant voltage control algorithm can be a PID (Proportion Integral Differential) algorithm or a constant voltage charging closed-loop regulation algorithm, etc. Based on the determined charging response parameters, the control parameters of the preset constant voltage control algorithm are adjusted. These control parameters can be some proportional coefficients in the preset constant voltage control algorithm. For example, assuming the preset constant voltage control algorithm is a PID algorithm, the control parameters can include the proportional coefficient, integral time coefficient, and derivative time coefficient, etc., from the PID algorithm. Based on the adjusted control parameters, the charging current during the battery's constant voltage charging process is controlled and adjusted using the preset constant voltage control algorithm.

[0123] Adjusting the control parameters of the preset constant voltage control algorithm solely based on the response time allows the algorithm to adapt to the response speed of the charging device. Adjusting the charging current based on the adjusted control parameters reduces low charging efficiency caused by slow device response and avoids charging safety issues caused by fast response. Adjusting the control parameters solely based on the response efficiency ratio allows the algorithm to adapt to the charging device's response efficiency. Adjusting the charging current based on these parameters ensures the charging current better matches the actual charging current required by the device, thus improving charging efficiency and safety. Simultaneously adjusting the control parameters based on both response time and response efficiency ratio ensures the adjusted constant voltage control algorithm balances both the charging device's response speed and efficiency, resulting in a more stable, efficient, and safe constant voltage charging process. This improves the algorithm's adaptability to the charging device, ensuring stable and efficient charging and enhancing the stability and robustness of the constant voltage charging control.

[0124] Since multiple charging response parameters are determined in step 101, each parameter may include at least one of response time and response efficiency ratio. Therefore, step 102 requires adjusting the battery charging current based on these multiple charging response parameters.

[0125] In this embodiment, the maximum response time can be selected from all charging response parameters recorded during the current charging process, reflecting the slowest response speed of the charging device. Additionally, the minimum response efficiency ratio can be selected from all charging response parameters, reflecting the lowest response efficiency of the charging device. The battery charging current is adjusted based on at least one of the maximum response time and the minimum response efficiency ratio recorded during the current charging process.

[0126] Adjusting the battery charging current based on the maximum response time can minimize the impact of slow charging device response speed by adjusting the battery's requested charging current, thereby improving charging efficiency and safety. Similarly, adjusting the battery's requested charging current based on the minimum response efficiency can minimize the impact of low charging device response efficiency. This reduces the influence of the charging device's response performance on the current constant voltage charging phase, ensuring the battery adapts to the charging device's response performance and improving the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging control.

[0127] In other embodiments of this application, the battery charging current may not be adjusted based on the maximum response time and / or the minimum response efficiency ratio. Instead, the average response time of all recorded charging response parameters and the average response efficiency ratio of all charging response parameters are calculated, and the adjustment is made based on the average response time and / or the average response efficiency ratio. Alternatively, the median of all response times of all charging response parameters and the median of all response efficiency ratios of all response parameters are determined, and the adjustment is made based on the median response time and / or the median response efficiency ratio, and so on.

[0128] In other embodiments, a response adjustment coefficient can be calculated based on at least one of response duration and response efficiency ratio. The current requested charging current is determined, and the determined requested charging current is adjusted according to the response adjustment coefficient. The current requested charging current can be determined based on current battery state parameters. After adjusting the currently required requested charging current in the above manner, the adjusted requested charging current is sent to the charging device. Upon receiving the request, the charging device responds to the requested charging current.

[0129] As an example, the process of adjusting the requested charging current can be represented by the following formula:

[0130] I1 = I2 * (T / P)

[0131] Where I1 is the adjusted requested charging current, I2 is the unadjusted requested charging current, T is the response time, and P is the response efficiency ratio. T / P is the above response adjustment coefficient.

[0132] For example, suppose the requested charging current for a constant voltage charger is 10A, the target response time is 3s, and the target response efficiency is 50%. Then the adjusted requested charging current is 60A. That is, the requested charging current is 60A, the charging device's response charging current is 30A, but the charging device responds with a 3-second delay. Therefore, the charging rate of the charging device is 10A / s. This is equivalent to satisfying the battery's requested charging current of 10A and the requirement for an immediate response from the charging device.

[0133] The current requested charging current is adjusted based on the response time and / or response efficiency ratio. The adjusted requested charging current is then used to request charging from the charging device. The charging device responds to the adjusted requested charging current based on its own response speed and response efficiency. The actual current output by the charging device in response can meet the actual current demand of the battery. This makes the charging current of the charging device match the current demand of the battery, improves the adaptability of the battery of the device to the charging device, ensures a stable and efficient charging effect in the constant voltage charging process, and improves the stability and robustness of constant voltage charging control.

[0134] In this embodiment, the charging response parameters of the charging device are automatically identified during battery charging, providing a basis for adjusting the constant voltage charging process. The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the charging response parameters of the charging device to achieve a constant voltage charging process. This allows the electrical equipment to adapt to the response performance of the charging device, improving the stability and safety of the constant voltage charging process, and enhancing the stability and robustness of the constant voltage charging control.

[0135] This application also provides a battery charging device for performing the battery charging methods provided in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes:

[0136] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the charging response parameters of the charging device during the battery charging process;

[0137] The charging current adjustment module 202 is used to adjust the charging current of the battery according to the charging response parameters.

[0138] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to send a request charging current to the charging device; receive the response charging current from the charging device in response to the request charging current; and calculate the charging response parameters based on the response charging current.

[0139] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to send the changed request charging current to the charging device when it is determined that the request charging current has changed; receive the response charging current of the charging device in response to the changed request charging current; and calculate the charging response parameters based on the response charging current of the changed request charging current.

[0140] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to calculate the response duration based on the response time of the response charging current.

[0141] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to calculate the response efficiency ratio based on the response charging current, wherein the response efficiency ratio is the ratio of the response charging current to the requested charging current.

[0142] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to determine that the requested charging current has changed if the current constant current charging phase ends and the next constant current charging phase begins during the phased constant current charging process.

[0143] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to determine the current requested charging current based on the current battery state parameters; if the current requested charging current is different from the previously determined requested charging current, it is determined that the requested charging current has changed.

[0144] The response parameter acquisition module 201 is used to determine the change in the requested charging current at preset intervals during constant voltage charging.

[0145] The charging current adjustment module 202 is used to adjust the charging current of the battery according to at least one of the charging response parameters, including response time and response efficiency ratio.

[0146] The charging current adjustment module 202 is used to adjust the control parameters of a preset constant voltage control algorithm based on at least one of response time and response efficiency ratio. Based on the adjusted control parameters, the charging current of the battery is adjusted using the preset constant voltage control algorithm.

[0147] The charging current adjustment module 202 is used to adjust the charging current of the battery based on at least one of the maximum response time and minimum response efficiency ratio recorded during the current charging process.

[0148] The charging current adjustment module 202 is used to determine the current requested charging current; calculate the response adjustment coefficient based on at least one of the response time and response efficiency ratio; adjust the determined requested charging current according to the response adjustment coefficient; and send the adjusted requested charging current to the charging device.

[0149] The device also includes a charging mode switching module, which is used to start the battery charging process and perform staged constant current charging on the battery; during the staged constant current charging process, if it is determined that the individual cells included in the battery meet the preset conditions, the charging current of the battery is adjusted.

[0150] The charging mode switching module is used to obtain the current cell voltage of each individual cell in the battery; if the current maximum cell voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold, it is determined that the preset condition is met; or, it obtains the current cell charge of each individual cell in the battery; if the current maximum cell charge is greater than a preset charge threshold, it is determined that the preset condition is met.

[0151] The battery charging device and the battery charging method provided in the above embodiments of this application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the methods used, run or implemented by the applications stored in this application.

[0152] Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device 700 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 700 includes a processor 710. Optionally, the electronic device 700 also includes a memory 720, wherein the memory 720 is used to store a computer program, and the processor 710 is used to read the computer program and execute the battery charging methods of the various embodiments of the present application based on the computer program.

[0153] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0155] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0156] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0157] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0158] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0159] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0160] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery charging method, characterized in that, include: Acquire charging response parameters of the charging device during battery charging; The charging response parameters include the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device. The response efficiency ratio is the ratio of the response charging current to the requested charging current; the response duration is the difference between the receiving time and the sending time. The sending time is the time when a request for charging current is sent to the charging device, and the receiving time is the time when a response charging current is received; the response charging current is the current of the charging device in response to the request for charging current. The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of acquiring the charging response parameters of the charging device includes: Send a request for charging current to the charging device; Receive the response charging current from the charging device in response to the requested charging current; The charging response parameters are calculated based on the charging current.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: When it is determined that the requested charging current has changed, the changed requested charging current is sent to the charging device. Receive the response charging current from the charging device in response to the changed requested charging current. The charging response parameters are calculated based on the response charging current after the change in the requested charging current.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging response parameters are calculated based on the charging current, including: The response duration is calculated based on the response time of the charging current.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging response parameters are calculated based on the charging current, including: The response efficiency ratio is calculated based on the response charging current.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination that the requested charging current has changed includes: During the phased constant current charging process, if the current constant current charging phase ends and the next constant current charging phase begins, it is determined that the requested charging current has changed.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination that the requested charging current has changed includes: Determine the current requested charging current based on the current battery state parameters; If the current requested charging current is different from the previously determined requested charging current, then it is determined that the requested charging current has changed.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination that the requested charging current has changed includes: During constant voltage charging, the charging current is determined to change at preset intervals.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the charging response parameters, including response time and response efficiency ratio, the charging current of the battery is adjusted, including... Adjust the control parameters of the preset constant pressure control algorithm according to the response duration and the response efficiency ratio; The charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the adjusted control parameters by the preset constant voltage control algorithm.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the charging current of the battery based on the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device includes: The charging current of the battery is adjusted based on the maximum response time and minimum response efficiency ratio recorded during the current charging process.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the charging current of the battery based on the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device includes: Determine the current requested charging current; Calculate the response adjustment coefficient based on the response duration and the response efficiency ratio; The determined requested charging current is adjusted according to the response adjustment coefficient. The adjusted requested charging current is sent to the charging device.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The method further includes: The battery charging process is initiated, and the battery is charged in stages using a constant current. During the phased constant current charging process, if it is determined that the individual cells included in the battery meet the preset conditions, then the step of adjusting the charging current of the battery according to the charging response parameters is executed.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the current cell voltage of each individual cell in the battery; if the current maximum cell voltage is greater than a preset voltage threshold, then determine that the preset condition is met; or, Obtain the current cell charge of each individual cell in the battery; if the current maximum cell charge is greater than a preset cell charge threshold, then the preset condition is satisfied.

14. A battery charging device, characterized in that, include: The response parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the charging response parameters of the charging device during battery charging. The charging response parameters include the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device; the response efficiency ratio is the ratio of the response charging current to the requested charging current; the response time is the difference between the receiving time and the sending time. The sending time is the time when a request for charging current is sent to the charging device, and the receiving time is the time when a response charging current is received; the response charging current is the current of the charging device in response to the request for charging current. The charging current adjustment module is used to adjust the charging current of the battery according to the response time and response efficiency ratio of the charging device.

15. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-13.

16. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-13.

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