Method and device for damping adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for damping adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction. The method includes the following steps: forming at least one damping cavity within the cutterhead structure and filling the cavity with damping particles; monitoring the vibration intensity of the cutterhead structure; acquiring information on the positional change of the damping cavity as the cutterhead structure rotates; and controlling an electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and the positional change information, thereby using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the damping particles within the damping cavity. This invention can specifically adjust the motion state of the damping particles within the damping cavity using electromagnetic force according to the vibration condition of the cutterhead structure. This not only ensures that the cutterhead structure can effectively reduce vibration and achieve a certain damping effect under complex vibration conditions, but also avoids the movement of the damping particles affecting the stress on the cutterhead structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hard rock tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for damping adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction. Background Technology

[0002] Hard rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs), as construction equipment for underground tunnel engineering, are widely used in water diversion projects, pumped storage, and long-distance tunnel construction due to their safe, environmentally friendly, and efficient construction characteristics. The equipment is primarily used for tunneling in hard rock formations. During tunneling in hard rock, the rock face fractures, and the cutterhead cutters collide with the rock, generating strong impact loads on the cutterhead structure and causing severe vibrations. Due to the complex geological conditions of the rock strata and the varying degrees of rock fracturing in different areas, the equipment's tunneling parameters are adjusted accordingly, resulting in inconsistent vibration patterns of the cutterhead structure in different areas during hard rock TBM tunneling. This random variation in cutterhead vibration makes conventional vibration reduction measures ineffective in adapting to the complex vibration conditions.

[0003] In the prior art, although damping particles are filled into the cutter head structure to reduce cutter head vibration, the damping effect of the damping particles cannot be specifically adjusted according to the vibration condition of the cutter head structure. In particular, the inventors have found that the more severe the vibration of the cutter head structure, the more effective the damping particles are in consuming vibration energy through mutual collision and friction, thus reducing the vibration of the cutter head. Therefore, when the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure is low, the damping effect of the damping particles cannot meet the vibration reduction requirements of the cutter head structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a damping-adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction method and device to solve the technical problem that current methods reduce cutterhead vibration by filling the cutterhead structure with damping particles, but cannot specifically adjust the damping effect of the damping particles according to the vibration condition of the cutterhead structure.

[0005] The above-mentioned objectives of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] This invention provides a method for damping adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction, comprising the following steps: forming at least one damping cavity within the cutterhead structure and filling the damping cavity with damping particles; monitoring the vibration intensity of the cutterhead structure; acquiring position change information of the damping cavity as the cutterhead structure rotates; controlling an electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and the position change information, and using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the damping particles within the damping cavity.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, controlling the electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and the position change information, and using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the damping particles in the damping cavity, includes the following steps: processing and generating relative position information between the electromagnetic structure and the damping cavity based on the initial position information of the damping cavity and the electromagnetic structure and the position change information; when the vibration intensity is lower than a first preset vibration intensity, and the damping cavity rotates with the cutter head structure until at least one electromagnetic component of the electromagnetic structure is above the damping cavity, controlling the electromagnetic component to generate an electromagnetic attraction force above the damping cavity based on the vibration intensity, and using the electromagnetic attraction force to adsorb and fix some of the damping particles above the damping cavity.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of controlling the electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and the position change information, and using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the damping particles in the damping cavity, further includes: when the vibration intensity is higher than a second preset vibration intensity, and the damping cavity rotates with the cutter head structure until the two electromagnetic components of the electromagnetic structure are located on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity, controlling the two electromagnetic components to generate electromagnetic attraction force on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity based on the vibration intensity, and using the electromagnetic attraction force to attract and fix some of the damping particles to the horizontal sides of the damping cavity.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the position change information of the damping cavity as the cutter head structure rotates includes the following steps: obtaining the cutter head rotation information of the cutter head structure; and processing and generating the position change information based on the initial position information of the damping cavity and the cutter head rotation information.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one damping cavity is formed on the cutter head structure by installing at least one damping structure; the cutter head vibration reduction method further includes the following steps: monitoring the vibration reduction temperature of the damping structure; when the vibration reduction temperature is greater than a preset temperature, controlling the cooling water spray structure to spray cooling water around the damping structure.

[0011] The present invention also provides a damping adjustable cutter head vibration reduction device, comprising: at least one damping vibration reduction structure, mounted on the cutter head structure and forming at least one vibration reduction cavity, the vibration reduction cavity being filled with vibration damping particles; at least one electromagnetic structure, mounted on the damping vibration reduction structure; at least one vibration monitoring structure, mounted on the cutter head structure; and a vibration reduction control structure, electrically connected to the electromagnetic structure and the vibration monitoring structure respectively, wherein the vibration monitoring structure is used to monitor the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure and transmit it to the vibration reduction control structure, and the vibration reduction control structure controls the electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force according to the vibration intensity.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic components, and the damping and vibration reduction structure includes at least one damping plate disposed around the vibration reduction cavity. The damping plate is disposed perpendicular to the plane direction of the cutter head structure and the radial direction of the cutter head structure, and the plurality of electromagnetic components are mounted on the damping plate.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head vibration damping device further includes at least one mounting structure and at least one cooling water spray structure. The mounting structure is mounted on the cutter head structure and forms a cooling mounting cavity. The mounting structure is provided with a cooling water outlet communicating with the cooling mounting cavity. At least one of the damping vibration damping structures and at least one of the cooling water spray structures are installed in the cooling mounting cavity.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one temperature monitoring structure is installed on the damping vibration reduction structure, the cooling water spray structure is connected to the water supply system of the tunneling equipment through a water supply control structure, and the temperature monitoring structure is electrically connected to the water supply control structure.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head vibration damping device includes at least one piezoelectric structure, which is mounted on the cutter head structure. The piezoelectric structure is provided with piezoelectric ceramic, which can deform under the vibration of the cutter head structure and convert the mechanical energy generated by the deformation into electrical energy.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration damping control structure is also electrically connected to the cutter head control system of the cutter head structure. The cutter head control system can transmit the cutter head rotation information of the cutter head structure to the vibration damping control structure. The vibration damping control structure can process and generate position change information of the vibration damping cavity as the cutter head structure rotates according to the cutter head rotation information.

[0017] In embodiments of the present invention, the damping vibration reduction structure, the vibration monitoring structure, and the electromagnetic structure are respectively configured in multiple ways; the multiple damping vibration reduction structures, the multiple vibration monitoring structures, and the multiple electromagnetic structures are arranged along the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the cutter head structure.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the filling rate of the damping particles in the damping cavity is 85%-95%.

[0019] The features and advantages of this invention are:

[0020] The damping-adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction method of the present invention monitors the vibration intensity of the cutterhead structure and obtains the position change information of the damping cavity. Then, based on the vibration intensity and position change information, it controls the electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force. This allows the electromagnetic force to be used to adjust the motion state of the damping particles in the damping cavity according to the vibration of the cutterhead structure. This not only ensures that the cutterhead structure can effectively reduce vibration and produce a certain vibration reduction effect under complex vibration conditions, but also avoids the movement of the damping particles from affecting the stress on the cutterhead structure.

[0021] The adjustable damping cutterhead vibration reduction device of the present invention forms a damping cavity for filling damping particles by installing a damping structure onto the cutterhead structure, and installing an electromagnetic structure on the damping structure so that the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic structure can fully act on the damping particles in the damping cavity. A vibration monitoring structure is installed on the cutterhead structure to monitor the vibration intensity of the cutterhead structure. By setting a vibration control structure electrically connected to the electromagnetic structure and the vibration monitoring structure respectively, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic structure can be controlled according to the vibration intensity, so as to adjust the vibration reduction effect of the damping particles in a targeted manner according to the vibration of the cutterhead structure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head vibration damping device in the cutter head structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration damping cavity in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head vibration damping device in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a block diagram showing the application of the cutterhead vibration damping device in tunneling equipment according to the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 100. Tunneling equipment; 11. Cutterhead structure; 111. Front panel; 112. Rear panel; 113. Ribs; 12. Cutterhead control system; 13. Water supply system;

[0029] 200. Cutter head vibration damping device;

[0030] 2. Damping and vibration reduction structure; 21. Vibration reduction cavity; 22. Vibration reduction and damping particles; 23. Vibration reduction plate; 24. Baffle;

[0031] 3. Vibration monitoring structure;

[0032] 4. Electromagnetic structure; 41. Electromagnetic components;

[0033] 5. Installation structure; 51. Cooling mounting cavity; 52. Mounting plate;

[0034] 6. Cooling water spray structure; 61. Cooling water outlet;

[0035] 7. Temperature monitoring structure;

[0036] 81. Piezoelectric structure; 82. Battery module;

[0037] 9. Vibration reduction control structure; 91. Control module; 92. Data acquisition module; 93. Data processing and analysis module;

[0038] 10. Water supply control structure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Implementation Method 1

[0041] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a damping adjustable cutter head vibration reduction method, comprising the following steps: forming at least one vibration damping cavity 21 in the cutter head structure 11, and filling the vibration damping cavity 21 with vibration damping particles 22; monitoring the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11; obtaining the position change information of the vibration damping cavity 21 as the cutter head structure 11 rotates; controlling the electromagnetic structure 4 to generate electromagnetic force according to the vibration intensity and position change information, and using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the vibration damping particles 22 in the vibration damping cavity 21.

[0042] The damping adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction method of the present invention monitors the vibration intensity of the cutterhead structure 11 and obtains the position change information of the damping cavity 21. Then, based on the vibration intensity and position change information, it controls the electromagnetic structure 4 to generate electromagnetic force. Thus, it can use electromagnetic force to adjust the movement state of the damping particles 22 in the damping cavity 21 according to the vibration of the cutterhead structure 11. This not only ensures that the cutterhead structure 11 can effectively reduce the vibration of the cutterhead structure 11 under complex vibration conditions and produce a certain vibration reduction effect, but also avoids the movement of the damping particles 22 from affecting the force on the cutterhead structure 11.

[0043] The motion state of the damping particles 22 is changed by electromagnetic force, which is related to the direction of the electromagnetic force. Therefore, by first obtaining the position change information of the damping cavity 21 as it rotates with the cutter head structure 11, the direction of the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic structure 4 can be controlled according to the position change information. In the embodiment of the present invention, the damping cavity 21 is formed by installing at least one damping structure 2 on the cutter head structure 11. The electromagnetic structure 4 includes multiple electromagnetic components 41 installed around the damping cavity 21, so that electromagnetic forces in different directions can be generated by controlling different electromagnetic components 41.

[0044] Therefore, the cutterhead vibration reduction method of the present invention is suitable for application to tunneling equipment 100, and particularly suitable for hard rock tunneling machines. Because the geological conditions in different areas vary significantly during the tunneling process of a hard rock tunneling machine, the vibration generated by the cutterhead structure 11 during rock breaking changes accordingly. By using electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the damping particles 22 inside the damping cavity 21 according to the different vibration conditions of the cutterhead structure 11, the vibration reduction effect under different vibration conditions can meet the requirements.

[0045] Specifically, the damping particles 22, as the main body of vibration damping, fill the damping cavity 21. The material of the damping particles 22 can be cast iron, alloy steel, and / or other hard alloys with a high specific gravity, thus being subject to electromagnetic forces. During the vibration of the cutter head, the damping particles 22 collide with each other within the damping cavity 21. Factors such as the material properties of the damping particles 22, the filling rate of the damping particles 22 within the damping cavity 21, the influence of the vibration of the cutter head structure 11 on the damping particles 22, and the particle size of the damping particles 22 all affect their collision intensity during vibration, thereby affecting their vibration damping effect.

[0046] In embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the vibration damping particles 22 is 2mm to 20mm, preferably 5mm to 10mm. The particle size of the vibration damping particles 22 determines the overall energy dissipation effect of the particles under different vibration intensities. When the particle size is small, the number of vibration damping particles 22 is larger for the same filling volume. Under the same vibration conditions, the motion intensity of the vibration damping particles 22 is lower, the collision effect between them is poor, and the energy dissipation and vibration damping effect is poor. When the particle size is larger, the number of vibration damping particles 22 is smaller, but the friction effect is poor, and the vibration damping effect is relatively poor. The friction coefficient of the vibration damping particles 22 is preferably 0.2 to 0.4. When the friction coefficient of the vibration damping particles 22 is small, the heat generation efficiency during the friction process between the vibration damping particles 22 is reduced, and the energy dissipation effect is poor. The shape of the vibration damping particles 22 is preferably spherical, but it can also be ellipsoidal or other easily rolling shapes. The filling rate of the damping particles is 85% to 95%. The filling rate of the damping particles 22 in the damping cavity 21 is the filling volume of the damping particles 22 (including the volume of the damping particles 22 themselves and the volume of the gaps between the damping particles 22) divided by the volume of the damping cavity 21.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, vibration intensity is monitored by a vibration monitoring structure 3 installed on the cutter head structure 11. The vibration monitoring structure 3 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a vibration acceleration sensor, a vibration velocity sensor, and a vibration displacement sensor. Vibration intensity can be any relevant parameter that reflects vibration intensity. In some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration intensity is the effective value of vibration acceleration. The effective value of vibration acceleration is generated by processing the current vibration acceleration of the cutter head structure 11 measured by the vibration acceleration sensor using the root mean square value.

[0048] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the position change information of the damping cavity 21 as it rotates with the cutter head structure 11 includes the following steps: obtaining the cutter head rotation information of the cutter head structure 11; and processing and generating position change information based on the initial position information of the damping cavity 21 and the cutter head rotation information. The cutter head rotation information can be obtained from the cutter head control system 12 of the cutter head structure 11. Figure 1Taking the shown perspective as an example, the initial position information of the damping cavity 21 is located directly below the center of the cutter head structure 11. When the cutter head rotates, the cutter head structure 11 rotates 90 degrees clockwise. Therefore, based on the initial position information of the damping cavity 21 and the position information of the cutter head rotation, the position change information can be generated, indicating that the damping cavity 21 changes from directly below the center of the cutter head structure 11 to being located to the left of the center of the cutter head structure 11. Optionally, the position change information can be generated by setting an angle sensor on the damping vibration reduction structure 2 on the cutter head structure 11. The angle sensor measures the angle information of the damping vibration reduction structure 2 (i.e., the damping cavity 21) rotating with the cutter head structure 11, and then the position change information is generated based on the initial position information and angle information of the damping cavity 21.

[0049] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic structure 4 is controlled to generate electromagnetic force based on vibration intensity and position change information, and the electromagnetic force is used to change the motion state of the damping particles 22 in the damping cavity 21. The method includes the following steps: processing and generating relative position information between the electromagnetic structure 4 and the damping cavity 21 based on the initial position information and position change information of the damping cavity 21 and the electromagnetic structure 4; when the vibration intensity is lower than the first preset vibration intensity, and the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 until at least one electromagnetic component 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 is located above the damping cavity 21, the electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate electromagnetic adsorption force above the damping cavity 21 based on the vibration intensity, and the electromagnetic adsorption force is used to adsorb and fix some of the damping particles 22 above the damping cavity 21.

[0050] When the vibration intensity is low, the intensity of the collision between the damping particles 22 under the vibration of the cutter head structure 11 is also low. The damping particles 22 accumulate due to their own gravity. In particular, the damping particles 22 accumulated in the lower layer are subjected to greater pressure and their movement is very restricted, resulting in a decrease in the damping effect of the damping particles 22 and failing to meet the damping requirements. Therefore, the electromagnetic component 41 above the damping cavity 21 generates an electromagnetic attraction force, so that the damping particles 22 accumulated in the upper layer can be subjected to an upward attraction force, and the damping particles 22 in the lower layer are subjected to reduced pressure and can move and collide with each other, thereby improving the overall movement intensity of the damping particles 22. The damping effect of the damping particles 22 is effectively improved, thus meeting the damping requirements of the cutter head structure 11.

[0051] Furthermore, when the vibration intensity is lower than the first preset vibration intensity, the magnitude of the electromagnetic adsorption force can be further adjusted according to the magnitude of the vibration intensity. The lower the vibration intensity, the greater the electromagnetic adsorption force generated by the electromagnetic component 41 above the vibration damping cavity 21.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic structure 4 is controlled to generate electromagnetic force according to the vibration intensity and position change information, and the electromagnetic force is used to change the motion state of the vibration damping particles 22 in the vibration damping cavity 21. The method further includes: when the vibration intensity is higher than the second preset vibration intensity, and the vibration damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 until the two electromagnetic components 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 are located on the horizontal sides of the vibration damping cavity 21, the two electromagnetic components 41 are controlled to generate electromagnetic attraction force on the horizontal sides of the vibration damping cavity 21 according to the vibration intensity, and the electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 to the horizontal sides of the vibration damping cavity 21.

[0053] When the vibration intensity is high, the intensity of the collision between the damping particles 22 and the cutter head structure 11 is also high. In order to avoid the reversal of the movement direction of the damping particles 22 and the resulting eccentricity on the cutter head structure 11, electromagnetic attraction force is generated by the two electromagnetic components 41 on both sides of the horizontal side of the damping cavity 21. This attracts and fixes the damping particles 22 in the horizontal side area of ​​the damping cavity 21, and only the damping particles 22 in the middle area vibrate under the vibration of the cutter head structure 11. This is equivalent to reducing the number of damping particles 22 colliding with each other, and at the same time reducing the movement space of the damping particles 22. Since the vibration intensity is high, the damping effect produced by the high-intensity collision of these damping particles 22 can meet the damping requirements of the cutter head structure 11, but it can also avoid the excessive change in the movement direction of the damping particles 22 and the resulting eccentricity on the cutter head structure 11.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic structure 4 includes two electromagnetic components 41, and the damping and vibration reduction structure 2 includes two damping plates 23 disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the damping cavity 21. The damping plates 23 are perpendicular to the plane direction of the cutter head structure 11 and the radial direction of the cutter head structure 11, and the two electromagnetic components 41 are mounted on the two damping plates 23. When the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head to be located in the same vertical direction as the center of the cutter head structure 11 (i.e., the damping cavity 21 is located above or below the center), the electromagnetic component 41 on one damping plate 23 is located above the damping cavity 21, and the electromagnetic component 41 on the other damping plate 23 is located below the damping cavity 21. Therefore, when the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is lower than the first preset intensity, the electromagnetic component 41 located above the damping cavity 21 is controlled to generate an electromagnetic attraction force. When the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head to be in the same horizontal direction as the center of the cutter head structure 11 (i.e., the damping cavity 21 is located to the left or right of the center), the electromagnetic components 41 of the two damping plates 23 are located on both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21; therefore, when the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is higher than the second preset intensity, both electromagnetic components 41 are controlled to generate electromagnetic attraction force. Among them, the electromagnetic components 41 include multiple electromagnetic blocks that can generate magnetism when energized.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cutterhead vibration reduction method further includes the following steps: monitoring the vibration reduction temperature of the damping structure 2; when the vibration reduction temperature is higher than a preset temperature, controlling the cooling water spray structure 6 to spray cooling water around the damping structure 2. By monitoring the vibration reduction temperature, the vibration reduction effect of the damping particles 22 can be analyzed in conjunction with the vibration reduction temperature. Furthermore, when the vibration reduction temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the internal damping particles 22 can be cooled down by spraying cooling water around the damping structure 2, thereby enhancing the energy dissipation efficiency of the damping particles 22 during the collision process.

[0056] Since the vibration damping effect of the damping particles 22 in the damping cavity 21 is related not only to the vibration intensity of the cutter head damping structure, but also to factors such as particle size, filling rate, material, and friction coefficient of the particle surface, the first preset vibration intensity, the second preset vibration intensity, and the preset temperature are not specifically limited, but can be adjusted as needed.

[0057] Implementation Method 2

[0058] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in order to better implement the cutter head vibration reduction method of the present invention, the present invention also provides a damping adjustable cutter head vibration reduction device 200, comprising: at least one damping vibration reduction structure 2, which is installed on the cutter head structure 11 and forms at least one vibration reduction cavity 21, the vibration reduction cavity 21 being filled with vibration reduction damping particles 22; at least one electromagnetic structure 4, which is installed on the damping vibration reduction structure 2; at least one vibration monitoring structure 3, which is installed on the cutter head structure 11; and a vibration reduction control structure 9, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic structure 4 and the vibration monitoring structure 3 respectively, the vibration monitoring structure 3 being used to monitor the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 and transmit it to the vibration reduction control structure 9, the vibration reduction control structure 9 controlling the electromagnetic structure 4 to generate electromagnetic force according to the vibration intensity.

[0059] The damping adjustable cutter head vibration reduction device 200 of the present invention forms a vibration reduction cavity 21 for filling vibration reduction damping particles 22 by installing a damping vibration reduction structure 2 onto a cutter head structure 11, and installing an electromagnetic structure 4 on the damping vibration reduction structure 2, so that the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic structure 4 can fully act on the vibration reduction damping particles 22 in the vibration reduction cavity 21. The vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is monitored by installing a vibration monitoring structure 3 on the cutter head structure 11. By setting a vibration reduction control structure 9 to be electrically connected to the electromagnetic structure 4 and the vibration monitoring structure 3 respectively, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic structure 4 can be controlled according to the vibration intensity, so as to adjust the vibration reduction effect of the vibration reduction damping particles 22 in a targeted manner according to the vibration condition of the cutter head structure 11.

[0060] Specifically, the vibration reduction control structure 9 includes a data acquisition module 92, a data processing and analysis module 93, and a control module 91, all of which are integrated into the host computer of the tunneling equipment 100. The vibration reduction control structure 9 can also be electrically connected to the cutterhead control system 12 integrated into the host computer for controlling the rotation of the cutterhead structure 11. In this embodiment, the vibration acceleration of the cutterhead structure 11 is monitored in real time by the vibration monitoring structure 3. The data acquisition module 92 receives the vibration acceleration and obtains the cutterhead rotation information of the cutterhead control system 12 and uploads it to the data processing and analysis module 93 for processing and analysis. The data processing and analysis module 93 analyzes and processes the vibration acceleration, cutterhead rotation information, and the previously recorded initial position information of the vibration reduction cavity 21 to generate vibration intensity (such as the effective value of vibration acceleration) and relative position information between the electromagnetic structure 4 and the vibration reduction cavity 21, and uploads it to the control module 91. The control module 91 controls the electromagnetic structure 4 to generate electromagnetic force according to the vibration intensity and the relative position information between the electromagnetic structure 4 and the vibration reduction cavity 21.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic structure 4 includes a plurality of electromagnetic components 41, and the damping and vibration reduction structure 2 includes at least one damping plate 23 disposed around the vibration reduction cavity 21. The damping plate 23 is disposed perpendicular to the plane direction of the cutter head structure 11 and radially therefrom, and the plurality of electromagnetic components 41 are mounted on the damping plate 23. Specifically, the electromagnetic components 41 can be mounted on the outer surface of the damping plate 23 or embedded and fixed on the damping plate 23. Two damping plates 23 can be disposed opposite each other as in this embodiment. Optionally, one damping plate 23 is disposed, generally forming an annular plate surrounding the vibration reduction cavity 21; alternatively, three, four, or more damping plates 23 can be disposed around the cavity.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head vibration damping device 200 further includes at least one mounting structure 5 and at least one cooling water spray structure 6. The mounting structure 5 is mounted on the cutter head structure 11 and forms a cooling mounting cavity 51. The mounting structure 5 is provided with a cooling water outlet 61 that communicates with the cooling mounting cavity 51. At least one damping vibration damping structure 2 and at least one cooling water spray structure 6 are installed in the cooling mounting cavity 51.

[0063] Specifically, the cutter head structure 11 includes a front panel 111, a rear panel 112, and multiple stiffeners 113. The front panel 111 and the rear panel 112 are connected by the multiple stiffeners 113 and cooperate to form the internal cavity of the cutter head structure 11. The damping and vibration reduction structure 2 also includes two baffles 24. The two baffles 24 are connected to two damping plates 23 to form a hollow shell structure with open ends. The two ends of the hollow shell structure are connected to the front panel 111 and the rear panel 112. The front panel 111 and the rear panel 112 close the openings at both ends of the hollow shell structure, so that the internal cavity of the damping shell forms a sealed damping cavity 21. The mounting structure 5 includes two mounting plates 52 that are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the damping and vibration reduction structure 2. The two ends of the two mounting plates 52 are connected to the front panel 111 and the rear panel 112, and the two sides of the two mounting plates 52 are connected to the two adjacent stiffeners 113, thereby cooperating to form a cooling mounting cavity 51. The cooling outlet 61 can be a weld hole at the intersection of a mounting plate 52, a stiffener 113, and a front panel 111.

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, at least one temperature monitoring structure 7 is installed on the damping vibration reduction structure 2. The cooling water spray structure 6 is connected to the water supply system 13 of the tunneling equipment 100 through the water supply control structure 10. The temperature monitoring structure 7 is electrically connected to the water supply control structure 10. The water supply control structure 10 controls the on / off connection between the cooling water spray structure 6 and the water supply system 13 according to the temperature of the temperature monitoring structure 7, thereby controlling the water supply system 13 to provide cooling water to the cooling water spray structure 6 when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature. Specifically, there are multiple temperature monitoring structures 7, which are arranged on the outer surfaces of the two baffles 24 of the damping vibration reduction structure 2.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head vibration damping device 200 includes at least one piezoelectric structure 81. The piezoelectric structure 81 is mounted on the cutter head structure 11 and is provided with piezoelectric ceramic. The piezoelectric ceramic can deform under the vibration of the cutter head structure 11 and convert the mechanical energy generated by the deformation into electrical energy. More specifically, the structure of the piezoelectric structure 81 can be the same as that of existing piezoelectric structures 81, such as a piston-type piezoelectric structure. The electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric structure 81 can directly provide power to the temperature monitoring structure 7 and the vibration monitoring structure 3, and also provide power to the electromagnetic structure 4 through the vibration damping control structure 9. Alternatively, the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric structure 81 can be stored by a battery module 82, and then used to provide power to the temperature monitoring structure 7 and the vibration monitoring structure 3, and to the electromagnetic structure 4 through the vibration damping control structure 9.

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, in the embodiments of the present invention, multiple damping vibration reduction structures 2, vibration monitoring structures 3, and electromagnetic structures 4 are correspondingly arranged; the multiple damping vibration reduction structures 2, multiple vibration monitoring structures 3, and multiple electromagnetic structures 4 are all arranged radially and circumferentially along the cutter head structure 11. Each vibration monitoring structure 3 acquires the vibration data of the area where its corresponding vibration reduction structure is located and transmits it to the vibration reduction control structure 9, thereby enabling targeted vibration reduction of different areas of the cutter head structure 11 based on the vibration data of different areas of the cutter head structure 11.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the filling rate of the damping particles 22 in the damping cavity 21 is 85%-95%.

[0068] To better understand and implement the cutter head vibration reduction method and cutter head vibration reduction device 200 of the present invention, some specific embodiments are provided below: Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0070] During tunneling operations, the roller cutter structure mounted on the cutterhead structure 11 crushes the rock, generating intense vibrations. This vibration causes deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic in the piezoelectric structure 81 on the cutterhead structure 11. The piezoelectric structure 81 converts the mechanical energy generated by this deformation into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery module 82 installed within the cutterhead structure 11. Multiple vibration acceleration sensors mounted on the cutterhead structure 11 monitor its vibration; these sensors are powered by the battery module 82. Multiple irregularly shaped damping structures 2 are installed within the cutterhead structure 11, forming multiple sealed damping cavities 21. The damping particles 22 inside these cavities are 5mm in diameter, made of hard alloy, and ellipsoidally shaped, with a 95% filling rate. During vibration, the damping particles 22 undergo intense collisions and friction, dissipating the vibration energy of the cutterhead structure 11 and reducing its vibration. The first preset vibration intensity is set to 4g, the second preset vibration intensity is set to 5g, the preset temperature is set to 60℃, and a third preset intensity is set to 2g.

[0071] Therefore, when the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is greater than 5g, the motion intensity of the damping particles 22 is too high. When the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 to the top of the cutter head structure 11, the electromagnetic components 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 located on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21 generate electromagnetic attraction force on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21. This is the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. The electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the damping particles 22 to the horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21, thus avoiding the reversal of the motion direction of the damping particles 22 and the eccentricity of the cutter head structure 11. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is 4g to 5g, the damping effect of the damping particles 22 matches the damping requirement of the cutter head structure 11, and there is no need to control the electromagnetic structure 4 to change the motion state of the internal damping particles. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is 2g to 4g, when the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 to the top of the cutter head structure 11, the electromagnetic components 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 located on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21 generate electromagnetic attraction force on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21. This electromagnetic attraction force is the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. This electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the damping particles 22 to the horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21, thus avoiding the reversal of the motion direction of the damping particles 22 and the eccentricity of the cutter head structure 11. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is 4g to 5g, the damping effect of the damping particles 22 matches the damping requirement of the cutter head structure 11. There is no need to control the electromagnetic structure 4 to change the motion state of the internal damping particles. When the vibration intensity of the cutter When the disc structure 11 rotates to a position where an electromagnetic component 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 is located above the vibration damping cavity 21, the electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate an electromagnetic attraction force above the vibration damping cavity 21. This electromagnetic attraction force is 40%-90% of the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. The electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 above the vibration damping cavity 21. When the effective value of the cutter disc vibration is less than 2g, when the vibration damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter disc structure 11 to a position where an electromagnetic component 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 is located above the vibration damping cavity 21, the electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate a larger electromagnetic attraction force above the vibration damping cavity 21. This electromagnetic attraction force is 90%-100% of the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. The larger electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 above the vibration damping cavity 21, thereby maximizing the movement intensity of the vibration damping particles 22 and improving the vibration damping effect. Meanwhile, as the vibration damping particles 22 convert vibration energy into internal energy, the temperature of the vibration damping particles 22 and the damping structure 2 gradually increases. The temperature monitoring structure 7 installed on the damping structure 2 monitors the temperature of the damping structure 2 in real time. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the water supply control structure 10 controls the cooling water spray structure 6 to spray cooling water, thereby cooling down the structure and reducing the temperature rise of the cutterhead structure 11 during the tunneling process. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0073] The difference from the first specific embodiment is that the damping particles 22 filling the damping cavity 21 have a particle size of 10mm, are made of high-chromium cast iron, are spherical in shape, and have a filling rate of 90%. The first preset vibration intensity is set to 3.7g, the second preset vibration intensity is set to 4.5g, the preset temperature is set to 50℃, and a third preset intensity of 1.7g is also set.

[0074] Therefore, when the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is greater than 4.5g, the motion intensity of the damping particles 22 is too high. When the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 to the top of the cutter head structure 11, the electromagnetic components 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 located on both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21 generate electromagnetic attraction force on both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21. This is the maximum electromagnetic attraction force, which is used to attract and fix some of the damping particles 22 to both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21, thus preventing the reverse of the motion direction of the damping particles 22 from causing eccentricity in the cutter head structure 11. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is 3.7g to 4.5g, the damping effect of the damping particles 22 matches the damping requirements of the cutter head structure 11, and there is no need to control the electromagnetic structure 4 to change the motion state of the internal damping particles. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is between 1.7g and 3.7g, when the damping cavity 21... The electromagnetic component 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4, which rotates with the cutter head structure 11, is positioned above the vibration damping cavity 21. This electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate an electromagnetic attraction force above the vibration damping cavity 21, which is 40%-90% of the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. This electromagnetic attraction force is used to adsorb and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 above the vibration damping cavity 21. When the effective vibration value of the cutter head is less than 1.7g, when the vibration damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 to the position of the electromagnetic component 41 above the vibration damping cavity 21, this electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate a larger electromagnetic attraction force above the vibration damping cavity 21, which is 90%-100% of the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. This larger electromagnetic attraction force is used to adsorb and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 above the vibration damping cavity 21, maximizing the movement intensity of the vibration damping particles 22 and improving the vibration damping effect. Meanwhile, when the temperature of the damping and vibration reduction structure 2 exceeds 50°C, the water supply control structure 10 controls the cooling water spray structure 6 to spray cooling water, thereby cooling down the temperature and reducing the temperature rise of the cutterhead structure 11 during the tunneling process. Specific Implementation Example 3:

[0076] The difference from the first specific embodiment is that the damping particles 22 filled inside the damping cavity 21 have a particle size of 15mm, are made of bearing steel, are spherical in shape, and have a filling rate of 85%. The first preset vibration intensity is set to 3.5g, the second preset vibration intensity is set to 4g, the preset temperature is set to 55℃, and a third preset intensity of 1.5g is also set.

[0077] Therefore, when the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is greater than 4g, the motion intensity of the damping particles 22 is too high. When the damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 to the top of the cutter head structure 11, the electromagnetic components 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 located on both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21 generate electromagnetic attraction force on both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21. This is the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. The electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the damping particles 22 to both horizontal sides of the damping cavity 21, thus avoiding the reversal of the motion direction of the damping particles 22 and causing eccentricity to the cutter head structure 11. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is 3.5g to 4g, the damping effect of the damping particles 22 matches the damping requirement of the cutter head structure 11, and there is no need to control the electromagnetic structure 4 to change the motion state of the internal damping particles. When the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure 11 is between 1.5g and 3.5g, when the damping cavity 21 As the cutter head structure 11 rotates, an electromagnetic component 41 of the electromagnetic structure 4 is positioned above the vibration damping cavity 21. This electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate an electromagnetic attraction force above the vibration damping cavity 21, which is 40%-90% of the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. This electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 above the vibration damping cavity 21. When the effective vibration value of the cutter head is less than 1.5g, when the vibration damping cavity 21 rotates with the cutter head structure 11 to the position of the electromagnetic component 41 above the vibration damping cavity 21, this electromagnetic component 41 is controlled to generate a larger electromagnetic attraction force above the vibration damping cavity 21, which is 90%-100% of the maximum electromagnetic attraction force. This larger electromagnetic attraction force is used to attract and fix some of the vibration damping particles 22 above the vibration damping cavity 21, maximizing the movement intensity of the vibration damping particles 22 and improving the vibration damping effect. Meanwhile, when the temperature of the damping and vibration reduction structure 2 exceeds 55°C, the water supply control structure 10 controls the cooling water spray structure 6 to spray cooling water, thereby cooling down the temperature and reducing the temperature rise of the cutterhead structure 11 during the tunneling process.

[0078] The above descriptions are merely a few embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations to the embodiments of the present invention based on the content disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for damping adjustable cutterhead vibration reduction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: At least one damping cavity is formed within the cutter head structure, and the damping cavity is filled with damping particles; Monitor the vibration intensity of the cutter head structure; Obtain information on the positional change of the vibration damping cavity as the cutter head structure rotates; The electromagnetic structure is controlled to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and the position change information, and the electromagnetic force is used to change the motion state of the vibration damping particles in the vibration damping cavity; the electromagnetic structure includes multiple electromagnetic components installed around the vibration damping cavity. The method of controlling the electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and position change information, and using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the vibration damping particles in the vibration damping cavity, includes the following steps: Based on the initial position information of the damping cavity and the electromagnetic structure, as well as the position change information, the relative position information between the electromagnetic structure and the damping cavity is generated. When the vibration intensity is lower than the first preset vibration intensity, and the damping cavity rotates with the cutter head structure until at least one electromagnetic component of the electromagnetic structure is above the damping cavity, the electromagnetic component is controlled to generate an electromagnetic attraction force above the damping cavity according to the vibration intensity, and some of the damping particles are attracted and fixed above the damping cavity by the electromagnetic attraction force. The method of controlling the electromagnetic structure to generate electromagnetic force based on the vibration intensity and the position change information, and using the electromagnetic force to change the motion state of the vibration damping particles in the vibration damping cavity, further includes: When the vibration intensity is higher than the second preset vibration intensity, and the damping cavity rotates with the cutter head structure until the two electromagnetic components of the electromagnetic structure are located on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity, the two electromagnetic components are controlled to generate electromagnetic attraction force on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity according to the vibration intensity, and some of the damping particles are attracted and fixed on the horizontal sides of the damping cavity by the electromagnetic attraction force.

2. The cutter head vibration reduction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the position change information of the vibration damping cavity as the cutter head structure rotates includes the following steps: Obtain the cutter head rotation information of the cutter head structure; The position change information is generated by processing the initial position information of the vibration damping cavity and the rotation information of the cutter head.

3. The cutterhead vibration reduction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least one vibration damping cavity is formed on the cutter head structure by installing at least one damping vibration reduction structure; the cutter head vibration reduction method further includes the following steps: Monitor the vibration reduction temperature of the damping structure; When the vibration reduction temperature is greater than the preset temperature, the cooling water spray structure is controlled to spray cooling water around the damping vibration reduction structure.

4. The cutterhead vibration reduction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least one piezoelectric structure is mounted on the cutter head structure. The piezoelectric structure is provided with piezoelectric ceramic. The piezoelectric ceramic can deform under the vibration of the cutter head structure and convert the mechanical energy generated by the deformation into electrical energy.

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