An extraction device and method based on light scattering light field multi-degree-of-freedom information

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of extraction device and method based on light scattering light field multi-degree-of-freedom information, the device includes multiplexing system, light transmission system, acquisition system and main control system, is through introducing the mode of optical scattering and in-depth development optical scattering characteristics, design has general, stable and reconfigurable characteristics scattering optical element, and based on single optical speckle intensity information and light field transmission characteristics, construct the vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of light field multi-degree-of-freedom information extraction, extract eigenvalue of vector speckle correlation scattering matrix in combination algorithm, and then simultaneously extract the multi-degree-of-freedom information of extraction light, including wavelength, polarization, amplitude, phase and orbital angular momentum information.The application breaks through the challenge that existing optical demultiplexing technology cannot simultaneously effectively extract light field multi-degree-of-freedom information, provides a new technical scheme for optical information demultiplexing, to promote the development of multiplexing technology in the field of optical communication, optical storage, holographic display and imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of information processing and information extraction technology. Specifically, it is a device and method for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of light field based on light scattering. It is used to solve the problem that traditional optical demultiplexing methods and technologies cannot effectively extract multi-degree-of-freedom information of light field at the same time. It provides a new technical solution for optical information demultiplexing and will promote the development of multiplexing technology in the fields of optical communication, optical storage, holographic display and imaging. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial carrier of information, light plays a vital role in the information technology era. The degrees of freedom of light, such as wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase, can all be used for information encoding and transmission, finding wide application in communication, information storage, information encryption, holographic display, and imaging. Increasing the information capacity of light has always been a research hotspot in the information field. Optical multiplexing technologies, such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), partial division multiplexing (PDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), and time division multiplexing (TDM), are currently key technologies for improving optical information capacity. In addition to the aforementioned degrees of freedom, light also possesses angular momentum, including spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), which are related to the polarization state and spatial phase distribution of light, respectively. The orbital angular momentum of light theoretically provides an infinitely large dimension, which provides the conditions for high-dimensional optical information encoding and transmission based on OAM. Theoretically, different OAM modes are orthogonal, and this orthogonality ensures low crosstalk and high-capacity information transmission. Therefore, OAM multiplexing technology is considered a very promising multiplexing technology in classical and quantum optics. With the rapid development of information technology and the arrival of the 5G era, humanity has entered the era of big data, and the demand for high-capacity information storage and transmission is becoming increasingly urgent. To further improve optical information capacity, the simultaneous multiplexing of multiple degrees of freedom of light has become an important technical approach. Currently, a scheme employing simultaneous multiplexing of wavelength, polarization, and OAM has achieved data transmission speeds of Pbit / s. It is evident that the technology of simultaneously multiplexing multiple degrees of freedom of light can significantly improve optical channel capacity.

[0003] Optical multiplexing (OAM) technology has become a key technology for high-capacity information transmission and processing. However, effectively extracting the multiplexed information carried by light has become an important research direction. Traditional methods involve detecting and extracting information from all degrees of freedom independently. Wavelength and polarization information can be directly extracted using wave demultiplexers and polarization beam splitters. However, the OAM mode information is encoded in the phase of the optical field, and observers cannot extract the information carried by the OAM mode from the intensity distribution, limiting the practical application of optical OAM in the field of optical information. Currently, methods for detecting OAM modes are mainly based on light interference and diffraction. Therefore, traditional methods require a large number of wave demultiplexers, polarization beam splitters, and OAM detection elements for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information from the optical field, resulting in extremely complex, costly, and time-consuming experimental setups. In recent years, with the development of metasurface materials and on-chip plasmonic nanostructures, portable integrated OAM demultiplexing devices have become a research hotspot. However, limited by the matching conditions of wave vector loss, on-chip plasmonic nanogratings can only respond to specific wavelengths and cannot detect multi-wavelength multiplexed OAM mode information. To overcome the limitation of traditional demultiplexing methods in terms of functionality, metasurface devices provide a new platform for demultiplexing multi-degree-of-freedom information in optical fields. Ultra-portable, multifunctional nanophotonic demultiplexing devices based on all-dielectric metasurface metallic materials can simultaneously detect wavelength, polarization, and OAM information of light by spatially separating vortex beams with different wavelengths, polarization states, and topological charges. However, this method converts the different degrees of freedom information of the optical field into spatial positional distributions, limiting the number of OAM modes that can be demultiplexed.

[0004] In summary, effectively extracting multiple degrees of freedom information carried by an optical field is a key issue in optical information multiplexing technology. Traditional optical components can only extract optical information from a single degree of freedom, and demultiplexing optical information from multiple degrees of freedom involves complex optical devices. Metasurface photonic devices, by integrating the functions of multiple optical components, provide a powerful platform for simultaneously extracting multiple degrees of freedom information from an optical field. However, metasurface-based optical components require special design and fabrication, resulting in high costs and a lack of versatility and reconfigurability.

[0005] Therefore, efficiently extracting information from multiple degrees of freedom of an optical field has become a research hotspot in the field of optical information processing and is of great significance to optical multiplexing technology, but it still faces significant challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and methods by proposing a device and method for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of light fields based on light scattering. This invention aims to simultaneously extract and demultiplex information such as wavelength, polarization, amplitude, phase, and orbital angular momentum of light, providing a strong foundation for optical information demultiplexing and thus promoting the development of multiplexing technologies in fields such as optical communication, optical storage, and holography.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a device for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering, which includes: a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, an acquisition system, and a main control system. The multiplexing system consists of a first input optical field modulation device, a second input optical field modulation device, a fifth reflecting mirror, and a beam combiner. The first input optical field modulation device consists of a first laser source, a first lens, a second lens, a first half-wave plate, a first reflector, a first polarizing beam splitter, a second reflector, a first digital microlens array, a third lens, a first pinhole, and a fourth lens; The first laser source is used to emit a wavelength of A coherent laser source of 1; The collimating and beam expanding system composed of the first lens and the second lens is used to expand the wavelength to 1000 nm. A coherent laser source with wavelength 1 is collimated and expanded to obtain a wavelength of 1. A collimated laser beam of 1; By changing the principal axis direction of the first half-wave plate, the wavelength is made to be A collimated laser beam of wavelength 1 becomes a wavelength of 1 after passing through the first half-wave plate. 1. 45° linearly polarized light is emitted and irradiated onto the first reflector, the first reflector being used to change the wavelength to 1. The transmission direction of 45° linearly polarized light; The first polarizing beam splitter is used to split the wavelength of the beam. 1. Linearly polarized light at 45° is divided into transmitted wavelengths of 1. 1 vertical V The wavelengths of the linearly polarized incident light and the reflected light are: Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light; The second reflector is used to change the wavelength to Level 1 H The propagation direction of linearly polarized incident light; The wavelength is 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light and the wavelength is Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light simultaneously illuminates the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array; The main control system uses a computer to load a binarized hologram onto the first digital microlens array, and controls the first digital microlens array according to the binarized hologram. This causes the light field after passing through the first digital microlens array to sequentially pass through the third lens and the first aperture. The first aperture then filters the +1 order beam on the focal plane of the third lens before it passes through the fourth lens, resulting in a modulated wavelength. The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution 1, including: wavelength 1 Level 1 H Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light and wavelength 1 vertical V Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light To achieve wavelength Multiplexing of incident light multi-degree-of-freedom information; The second input optical field modulation device consists of a second laser source, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a second half-wave plate, a third mirror, a second polarizing beam splitter, a fourth mirror, a second digital microlens array, a seventh lens, a second pinhole, and an eighth lens. The second laser source is used to emit a wavelength of 2 coherent laser sources; The collimating and beam-expanding system composed of the fifth and sixth lenses is used to expand the wavelength to [a specific value]. A coherent laser source of 2 is collimated and expanded to obtain a wavelength of 2. 2 collimated laser beams; By changing the principal axis direction of the second half-wave plate, the wavelength becomes... The collimated laser beam of 2 becomes a wavelength of after passing through the second half-wave plate. 45° linearly polarized light is emitted and irradiated onto the third reflecting mirror, which is used to change the wavelength to 2. The transmission direction of 45° linearly polarized light; The second polarizing beam splitter is used to polarize the wavelength of the beam. 2 45° linearly polarized light is divided into transmitted wavelengths of 2 vertical V The wavelengths of the linearly polarized incident light and the reflected light are: Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light; The fourth reflector is used to change the wavelength. Level 2 H The propagation direction of linearly polarized incident light; The wavelength is 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light and the wavelength is Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light simultaneously illuminates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array; The main control system uses a computer to load a binarized hologram onto the second digital microlens array, and controls the second digital microlens array according to the binarized hologram. This causes the light field after passing through the second digital microlens array to sequentially pass through the seventh lens and the second aperture. The second aperture then filters the +1 order beam on the focal plane of the seventh lens before it passes through the eighth lens, resulting in a tunable wavelength. The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution, including: wavelength 2 Level 2 H Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light and wavelength 2 vertical V Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light To achieve wavelength Multiplexing of incident light multi-degree-of-freedom information in 2; The reflector is used to change the wavelength. 2. The propagation direction of the optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution; The beam combiner is used to combine the wavelength of... The optical field with the target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution of wavelength 1 and the wavelength of 1 The light fields with the target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution are combined to obtain the multiplexed light's wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase multi-degree-of-freedom information; The optical transmission system consists of a first objective lens, a multimode optical fiber, and a second objective lens; The first objective lens couples the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase of the multiplexed light into the multimode fiber; the second objective lens is used to collect the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase of the multiplexed light emitted from the multimode fiber. The acquisition system consists of a scattering medium, a polarizer, and a camera. The scattering medium introduces optical multiple strong scattering to completely disrupt and couple the multi-degree-of-freedom information of the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase of the emitted multiplexed light, so as to form a random speckle emission field with randomly distributed wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization. The polarizer is used to extract the random speckle emission field. X Random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction; The camera is used to collect the data. X The speckle intensity information of the random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction is obtained and sent to the computer. The computer uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to sequentially measure wavelengths of... 1 and Level 2 H and vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, corresponds to... X The polarization transmission matrix of the linearly polarized outgoing light is obtained, and the multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field is extracted based on the speckle intensity information acquired by the camera.

[0008] The present invention provides a method for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering, characterized in that it is applied to the extraction device described in claim 1 and is performed according to the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the first laser source and emit a wavelength of A coherent laser source of 1; Step 2: By changing the principal axis direction of the first half-wave plate, the wavelength is... A collimated laser beam of wavelength 1 becomes a wavelength of 1 after passing through the first half-wave plate. 1. 45° linearly polarized light; Step 3: Use a light-blocking plate to block the wavelength transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter. 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, such that the wavelength reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter is... Level 1 H Linearly polarized light is irradiated onto the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array; Step 4: The first digital microlens array is activated. The computer controls the first digital microlens array to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 1 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 5: Remove the light-blocking plate and use it to block the wavelength reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter. Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, such that the wavelength transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter is... 1 vertical V Linearly polarized light is irradiated onto the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array; Step 6: The computer controls the first digital microlens array to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 1 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 7: Turn off the first digital microlens array and remove the light-blocking plate; Step 8: Open the second digital microlens array, and use the light-blocking plate to block the wavelength transmitted by the second polarizing beam splitter. 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, such that the wavelength reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter is... Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light irradiates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array; The computer controls the second digital microlens array to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 2 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 9: Remove the light-blocking plate and use it to block the wavelength reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter. Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, such that the wavelength transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter is... 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light irradiates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array; Step 10: The computer controls the second digital microlens array to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 2 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 11: Remove the light-blocking plate; and simultaneously turn on the first digital microlens array and the second digital microlens array; the computer simultaneously controls the first digital microlens array and the second digital microlens array to adjust the wavelength to... 1 and Complex amplitude distribution of the incident light field of the target in two orthogonal polarization directions 2 , , and ,in, and They represent wavelengths of 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions, and They represent wavelengths of 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distributions in two orthogonal polarization directions are used to simultaneously modulate the wavelength. 1 and The amplitude, phase, and polarization information of the incident light field of 2; step 2: Using the beam combiner to combine the wavelength of... 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions , and the wavelength is 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions , By combining beams, the wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization of light can be simultaneously multiplexed. Step 13: After the multiplexed light's wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization multi-degree-of-freedom information pass sequentially through the optical transmission system and the acquisition system, the camera in the acquisition system acquires the random speckle emission field. X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total As shown in equation (1): (1) In equation (1), The wavelength is represented as 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and After passing through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, the wavelength is... 1 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, The wavelength is represented as 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and After passing through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, the wavelength is... 2 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, This indicates the modulus operation for complex numbers; Step 14: The computer uses equation (2) to construct a wavelength of 1 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction With wavelength 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and Relationship: (2) In equation (2), T Represents the matrix transpose operation; Step 15: Computer Using equation (3), construct a wavelength of 2 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction With wavelength 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and Relationship between them: (3) Equation (2) and Equation (3) can be simplified using Equation (4): (4) In equation (4), Indicates wavelength as random speckle emission field X The complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, and , Indicates wavelength as of H and VAfter passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a data acquisition system, incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions correspond to wavelengths of... k of X The partial polarization vector transmission matrix of the linearly polarized outgoing light, and , Indicates wavelength as incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions, and ,in, k =1, 2; Step 16: Based on the combination of equation (4) and the speckle correlation scattering matrix method, use equation (5) to construct a wavelength of k Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix : (5) In equation (5), For wavelength k Partial vector transfer matrix The p List, For wavelength k Partial vector transfer matrix The q List, For wavelength random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction The p One element, For wavelength random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction The q There are 10 elements, where * denotes the complex conjugate operation of the matrix; Indicates spatial average; Step 17: [The wavelength is...] 1 Partial Vector Transfer Matrix and the random speckle emission field captured by the camera X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total Substituting into equation (5), we obtain the wavelength as Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of 1 The wavelength is Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of 1 The eigenvalue is the wavelength. 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and ; Step 18: Set the wavelength to... 2 partial vector transfer matrix and the random speckle emission field captured by the camera X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total Substituting into equation (5), we obtain the wavelength as 2-vector speckle correlation scattering matrix The wavelength is 2-vector speckle correlation scattering matrix The eigenvalue is the wavelength. 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and ; Step 19: Based on , , and The wavelength is extracted using the mode decomposition method. 1 and 2 Incident light field H and V The orbital angular momentum in two orthogonal polarization directions is used to simultaneously extract the wavelength. 1 and The incident light field of 2 has multiple degrees of freedom information on wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum in two orthogonal polarization directions.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Traditional optical elements can only extract optical information in a single degree of freedom. Demultiplexing optical information in multiple degrees of freedom based on traditional optical elements involves complex optical devices. This invention designs a scattering optical element. By deeply exploring the optical scattering characteristics, it utilizes the property of multiple scattering of light to completely disturb and couple the multi-degree-of-freedom information of light. It proposes a vector speckle correlation scattering matrix method based on multi-wavelength multiplexed speckle intensity information. Based on this method, it is possible to simultaneously extract multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field, including wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum. This significantly develops and improves the ability of scattering optical elements to extract multi-degree-of-freedom information of light fields.

[0010] 2. Compared with traditional optical components that rely on stable and interference-free optical systems, the scattering optical components designed in this invention are also suitable for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of light fields in complex environments. They have higher tolerance to environmental noise and significantly improve the anti-interference and anti-scattering properties during information extraction and transmission.

[0011] 3. While metasurface-based optical components, through special design and fabrication, can simultaneously extract multiple degrees of freedom information from the light field, they are costly and lack versatility and reconfigurability. In contrast, the scattering optical component designed in this invention has an extremely simple fabrication process and very low cost, effectively reducing system development costs while improving its ability to extract multiple degrees of freedom information.

[0012] 4. This invention only requires collecting single speckle intensity information and using a calculation-assisted method to simultaneously extract multi-degree-of-freedom information of the optical field, such as wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum, effectively simplifying the process of simultaneously extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of the optical field.

[0013] 5. This invention fully utilizes the multi-degree-of-freedom information of the incident light field, including wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum, which can be simultaneously controlled by a digital microlens array with fast switching characteristics. Its maximum switching speed is >20 kHz, which significantly improves the transmission and extraction of multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field.

[0014] 6. The optical field multi-degree-of-freedom information extraction method proposed in this invention based on scattering optical elements has strong reconfigurability, thereby ensuring that optical field multi-degree-of-freedom information can be extracted in real time, and has extremely strong timeliness. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for the method of simultaneously extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of optical field wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum by acquiring single speckle intensity information according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention for simultaneously extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of optical field wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization and orbital angular momentum by acquiring single speckle intensity information; Figure 3 The coaxial interferometry method based on multiple phase jitter used in this invention measures wavelength 1. H and V The incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions correspond to a wavelength of 1 after passing through the entire optical system. X A flowchart of the partial polarization vector transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light; Figure 4 The coaxial interferometry method based on multiple phase jitter used in this invention measures wavelengths of... 2 of Hand V The incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions correspond to wavelengths of after passing through the entire optical system. 2 of X A flowchart of the partial polarization vector transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light; The numbers in the diagram are as follows: 1-First laser source, 2-First lens, 3-Second lens, 4-First half-wave plate, 5-First reflecting mirror, 6-First polarizing beam splitter, 7-Second reflecting mirror, 8-First digital microlens array, 9-Third lens, 10-First pinhole, 11-Fourth lens, 12-Second laser source, 13-Fifth lens, 14-Sixth lens, 15-Second half-wave plate, 16-Third reflecting mirror, 17-Second polarizing beam splitter, 18-Fourth reflecting mirror, 19-Second digital microlens array, 20-Seventh lens, 21-Second pinhole, 22-Eighth lens, 23-Fifth reflecting mirror, 24-Beam combiner, 25-First objective lens, 26-Multimode fiber, 27-Second objective lens, 28-Scattering medium, 29-Polarizer, 30-Camera, 31-Computer. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: In this embodiment, a device and method for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of an optical field based on light scattering are proposed. This method introduces optical scattering and deeply explores its characteristics, proposing a novel information extraction method based on scattering. It designs a scattering optical element with universal, stable, and reconfigurable characteristics. Based on the collected single-speckle intensity information and optical field transmission characteristics, a vector speckle-related scattering matrix for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of the optical field is constructed. An algorithm is used to extract the eigenvalues ​​of the vector speckle-related scattering matrix, thereby simultaneously extracting information of multiple degrees of freedom of the optical field. This achieves the simultaneous extraction and demultiplexing of information such as wavelength, polarization, amplitude, phase, and orbital angular momentum of light. Specifically, for example... Figure 1 As shown, a device for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering includes: a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, an acquisition system, and a main control system; The multiplexing system consists of a first input optical field modulation device I, a second input optical field modulation device II, a fifth reflecting mirror 23, and a beam combiner 24. The first input optical field modulation device I consists of a first laser source 1, a first lens 2, a second lens 3, a first half-wave plate 4, a first reflector 5, a first polarizing beam splitter 6, a second reflector 7, a first digital microlens array 8, a third lens 9, a first pinhole 10, and a fourth lens 11.

[0017] The first laser source 1 is used to emit a wavelength of A coherent laser source of 1; wavelength is A coherent laser source with wavelength 1 is collimated and expanded by a collimating and beam-expanding system consisting of a first lens 2 and a second lens 3 with focal lengths of 25.4 mm and 300 mm, respectively. This collimating and beam-expanding system is used to expand the wavelength of the laser. The spot diameter of the coherent laser source is collimated and expanded to a spot diameter of 20 mm and a wavelength of [wavelength value missing]. A collimated laser beam of 1; wavelength is A collimated laser beam of wavelength 1 passes through the first half-wave plate 4. By changing the principal axis direction of the first half-wave plate 4, the wavelength is made to be... The collimated laser beam of wavelength 1 becomes a wavelength of 1 after passing through the first half-wave plate 4. 1. 45° linearly polarized light, where the first half-wave plate 4 ensures the wavelength is... When the incident light from point 1 is incident on the polarizing beam splitter 6, the reflected light and the transmitted light have the same light field intensity. wavelength is Linearly polarized light at a wavelength of 45° is incident on the first reflecting mirror 5. The first reflecting mirror 5 is used to change the wavelength. The transmission direction of 45° linearly polarized light; wavelength is 1. Linearly polarized light at 45° is separated into wavelengths by the first polarizing beam splitter 6. 1. Linearly polarized light at 45° is divided into transmitted wavelengths of 1. 1 vertical V The wavelengths of the linearly polarized incident light and the reflected light are: Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, wherein the energy ratio of the transmitted light to the reflected light from the polarizing beam splitter is 50:50; The reflected wavelength is Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light shines onto the second reflecting mirror 7, which is used to change the wavelength. Level 1 H The direction of propagation of linearly polarized incident light.

[0018] wavelength is 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light and wavelength of Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light simultaneously illuminates the effective target surface of the digital microlens array 8. The first digital microlens array 8 is a binarized optical component. A computer 31, combined with a superpixel encoding algorithm, calculates a binarized hologram. The computer 31 then loads the binarized hologram onto the first digital microlens array 8 and controls the first digital microlens array 8 to simultaneously modulate wavelengths based on the binarized hologram. 1 incident light fieldH and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions; the first digital microlens array has 4×768 pixels and a pixel size of 5.86. m, where the 768×768 pixels in the middle part are used to modulate the wavelength. 1 incident light field H and V The complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions results in a beam area of ​​4.5 mm × 4.5 mm reflected by the first digital microlens array 8.

[0019] The wavelength modulated by the first digital microlens array 8 is The light field of order 1, after passing through the third lens 9 and the first aperture 10, has multiple diffraction orders. The ±1st order beams correspond to the complex amplitude distribution of the target modulation light field. In this embodiment, the +1st order beam is used as the complex amplitude distribution of the target modulation light field during the experiment. The +1st order beam on the focal plane of the third lens 9 is filtered by the first aperture 10 and then passes through lens 11 to obtain the modulated wavelength. The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution 1, including: wavelength 1 Level 1 H Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light and wavelength 1 vertical V Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light To achieve wavelength Simultaneous modulation and multiplexing of the multi-degree-of-freedom information of incident light amplitude, phase, and polarization.

[0020] The third lens 9 and the fourth lens 11 have focal lengths of 300 mm and 60 mm, respectively, which can further reduce the beam controlled by the first digital microlens array 8. The wavelength after beam reduction is... The target beam area is approximately 0.9 mm × 0.9 mm. The beam-shortening ratio of the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 11 is to ensure that the wavelength after beam shortening is... The target beam area of ​​1 can fully utilize the entrance pupil target surface size of the first objective lens 25, without losing wavelength. High-frequency information of the target beam; The second input optical field modulation device II consists of a second laser source 12, a fifth lens 13, a sixth lens 14, a second half-wave plate 15, a third mirror 16, a second polarizing beam splitter 17, a fourth mirror 18, a second digital microlens array 19, a seventh lens 20, a second pinhole 21, and an eighth lens 22.

[0021] The second laser source 12 is used to emit a wavelength of 2 coherent laser sources; wavelength is A coherent laser source of wavelength 2 is collimated and expanded by a collimating and beam-expanding system consisting of lenses 13 and 14 with focal lengths of 25.4 mm and 300 mm, respectively. This collimating and beam-expanding system is used to expand the wavelength of the laser. The spot diameter of the coherent laser source 2 is collimated and expanded to a spot diameter of 20 mm and a wavelength of [wavelength value missing]. 2 collimated laser beam; wavelength is After the collimated laser beam 2 passes through the second half-wave plate 15, the wavelength is adjusted by changing the principal axis direction of the second half-wave plate 15. The collimated laser beam of 2, after passing through the second half-wave plate 15, becomes a beam with a wavelength of 2. 2. 45° linearly polarized light, where the second half-wave plate 15 ensures the wavelength is... After the incident light from point 2 is incident on the second polarizing beam splitter 17, the reflected light and the transmitted light have the same light field intensity.

[0022] wavelength is 45° linearly polarized light of wavelength 2 is incident on the third reflecting mirror 16, which is used to change the wavelength. The transmission direction of 45° linearly polarized light; wavelength is 2 45° linearly polarized light passes through the second polarizing beam splitter 17, and the second polarizing beam splitter 17 then splits the wavelength of the light into 2 45°. 2 45° linearly polarized light is divided into transmitted wavelengths of 2 vertical V The wavelengths of the linearly polarized incident light and the reflected light are: Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, wherein the energy ratio of the transmitted light to the reflected light from the polarizing beam splitter is 50:50; The reflected wavelength is Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light shines onto the fourth reflecting mirror 18, which is used to change the wavelength. Level 2 H The direction of propagation of linearly polarized incident light.

[0023] wavelength is 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light and wavelength of Level 2 HLinearly polarized incident light simultaneously illuminates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array 19. The second digital microlens array 19 is a binarized optical component. A computer 31, combined with a superpixel encoding algorithm, calculates a binarized hologram. The computer 31 then loads the binarized hologram onto the second digital microlens array 19 and controls the second digital microlens array 19 to simultaneously modulate wavelengths based on the binarized hologram. 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions; the digital microlens array has 4×768 pixels and a pixel size of 5.86. m, where the 768×768 pixels in the middle part are used to modulate the wavelength. 2 Incident light field H and V The complex amplitude distributions in two orthogonal polarization directions result in a beam area of ​​4.5 mm × 4.5 mm reflected by the second digital microlens array 19. The wavelength modulated by the second digital microlens array 19 is The light field of 2, after passing through the seventh lens 20 and the second aperture 21, has a multi-diffraction order. The ±1st order beams correspond to the complex amplitude distribution of the target modulation light field. In this embodiment, the +1st order beam is used as the complex amplitude distribution of the target modulation light field during the experiment. The +1st order beam on the focal plane of the seventh lens 20 is filtered using aperture 21 and then passes through the eighth lens 22 to obtain the modulated wavelength. The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution, including: wavelength 2 Level 2 H Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light and wavelength 2 vertical V Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light To achieve wavelength Simultaneous modulation and multiplexing of the multi-degree-of-freedom information of incident light amplitude, phase, and polarization.

[0024] The seventh lens 20 and the eighth lens 22 have focal lengths of 300 mm and 60 mm, respectively, which can further reduce the beam controlled by the second digital microlens array 19. The wavelength after beam reduction is... The target beam area is approximately 0.9 mm × 0.9 mm. The beam-shortening ratio of the seventh lens 20 and the eighth lens 22 is to ensure that the wavelength after beam shortening is... The target beam area of ​​2 can fully utilize the entrance pupil target surface size of the first objective lens 25, without losing wavelength. High-frequency information of the target beam; wavelength is The light field with the target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution is incident on the fifth reflecting mirror 23, which is used to change the wavelength. 2. The propagation direction of the optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution; Beam combiner 24 is used to combine wavelengths of The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution and wavelength is 1. The light fields with the target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution are combined to obtain multiplexed light wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase information with multiple degrees of freedom.

[0025] The optical transmission system consists of a first objective lens 25, a multimode fiber 26, and a second objective lens 27. The wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase information of the multiplexed light are projected onto the first objective lens 25. The first objective lens 25 is used to completely couple the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase information of the multiplexed light into the multimode fiber 26 and continue to transmit it forward within the multimode fiber 26. In this embodiment, the first objective lens 25 has a magnification of 10 and a numerical aperture of 0.25. The multimode fiber is 10 m long, with an inner diameter of 50 mm and an outer diameter of 125 mm. The second objective lens 27 is used to collect multi-degree-of-freedom information on the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase of the multiplexed light emitted from the multimode fiber 26; the second objective lens 27 has a magnification of 10 and a numerical aperture of 0.25.

[0026] The acquisition system consists of a scattering medium 28, a polarizer 29, and a camera 30; The wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase information of the multiplexed light transmitted through multimode fiber 26 pass through scattering medium 28, which is composed of an electrospun film with a thickness of 200 mm. In this embodiment, the electrospun film has both high transmission and strong scattering characteristics and very high stability, so it is a highly reliable scattering medium. The scattering medium 28 introduces optical multiple strong scattering to completely disturb and couple the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase information of the multiplexed light to form a random speckle emission field with randomly distributed wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization. The random speckle emission field, with its wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization randomly distributed, passes through polarizer 29, which is used to extract the random speckle emission field. X Random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction.

[0027] Camera 30 is used for data acquisition. XThe speckle intensity information of the random speckle output field in the linear polarization direction is obtained and sent to the computer 31; Computer 31 uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to sequentially measure wavelengths of... 1 and Level 2 H and vertical V Linearly polarized incident light corresponds to the following after passing through the entire optical system X The polarization transfer matrix of the linearly polarized outgoing light is used to construct a vector speckle correlation transfer matrix based on the measured polarization transfer matrix. Multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field, including wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum, is extracted based on the speckle intensity information collected by camera 30.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering is applied to a device for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering, and is performed according to the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the first laser source 1 and emit a wavelength of A coherent laser source of 1; Step 2: Turn on the input light field modulation device I; Step 3: Using computer 31 to control the input optical field modulation device I, and combining it with the coaxial interferometry method of multiple phase jitter, it is used to measure the wavelength l1. H and V After the incident light fields in two orthogonal polarization directions pass through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, the wavelength is l1. X The partial polarization vector transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light, measured at wavelength l1. X The flow of the partial polarization vector transfer matrix for linearly polarized outgoing light is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, proceed as follows: a) Change the principal axis direction of the first half-wave plate 4 so that the wavelength is The incident light of wavelength 1 becomes wavelength 1 after passing through the first half-wave plate 4. 1. 45° linearly polarized light; b) The wavelength transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter 6 is blocked by a light-blocking plate. 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, only when reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 6, has a wavelength of... Level 1 H Linearly polarized light is irradiated onto the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array 8; c) The transmission matrix is ​​measured using a coaxial interferometry method based on multiple phase jitter. A series of binary holograms of the measured transmission matrix are calculated using computer 31. In this embodiment, the total number of modulated incident modes is... N= ×=4, the coaxial interference method with multiple phase jitter used in this invention requires prior calculation of 4× N +11=4107 binarized holograms were used to measure the transmission matrix; d) The computer 31 controls the first digital microlens array 8, and loads and stores 4107 pre-calculated binary holograms of the transmission matrix measured by the coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter on the first digital microlens array 8.

[0029] e) Using computer 31 to control the first digital microlens array 8, the first digital microlens array 8 dynamically switches between a series of pre-loaded binarized holograms to generate wavelengths of... Level 1 H The amplitude and phase distribution of the target light field in different linear polarization directions are measured, and the camera is triggered to detect 30 pairs of wavelengths. 1 of X The speckle intensity information of the random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction was synchronously acquired. During the experiment, the maximum switching speed of the first digital microlens array 8 was 22.27 kHz, but the maximum switching speed of the camera acquiring the speckle intensity information was 180 Hz. This meant that the measurement time of the transmission matrix was mainly limited by the maximum switching speed of the camera 30, and it took approximately 22.8 s to measure one transmission matrix. Based on the 4107 acquired wavelengths... 1 of X The speckle intensity information of the linearly polarized random speckle exit field and the coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter were used to calculate the wavelength. Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 1 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; f) Remove the light-blocking plate and use it to block the wavelength reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 6. Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, only when the wavelength transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter 6 is... 1 vertical V Linearly polarized light is irradiated onto the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array 8.

[0030] g) Using computer 31 to control the first digital microlens array 8, the first digital microlens array 8 dynamically switches between a series of pre-loaded binarized holograms to generate wavelengths of... 1 vertical V The amplitude and phase distribution of the target light field in different linear polarization directions are measured, and the camera is triggered to detect 30 pairs of wavelengths. 1 ofX The speckle intensity information of the random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction was synchronously acquired. During the experiment, the maximum switching speed of the first digital microlens array 8 was 22.27 kHz, but the maximum switching speed of the camera acquiring the speckle intensity information was 180 Hz. This meant that the measurement time of the transmission matrix was mainly limited by the maximum switching speed of the camera 30, and it took approximately 22.8 s to measure one transmission matrix. Based on the 4107 acquired wavelengths... 1 of X The speckle intensity information of the linearly polarized random speckle exit field and the coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter were used to calculate the wavelength. 1 vertical H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 1 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light .

[0031] h) Polarization transfer matrix obtained based on the above measurements and Construct a wavelength of l1 H and V The incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions have a wavelength of l1 after passing through the entire optical system. X Partial polarization vector transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light : (1) Step 4: Turn off the first laser source 1 and the input light field modulation device I, and remove the light-blocking plate; Step 5: Turn on the second laser source 2 and the input light field modulation device II; Step 6: Using computer 31 to control the input optical field modulation device II, and combining it with the coaxial interferometry method of multiple phase jitter, it is used to measure the wavelength of l2. H and V After incident light fields in two orthogonal polarization directions pass through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a data acquisition system, the wavelength is l2. X The partial polarization vector transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light, measured at wavelength l2. X The flow of the partial polarization vector transfer matrix for linearly polarized outgoing light is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, proceed as follows: a) Change the principal axis direction of the second half-wave plate 15 so that the wavelength is The incident light of wavelength 2 becomes, after passing through the second half-wave plate 15, a wavelength of 2. 2 45° linearly polarized light; b) The wavelength transmitted by the second polarizing beam splitter 17 is blocked by a light-blocking plate. 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, only when reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter 17, has a wavelength of... Level 2 H Linearly polarized light is irradiated onto the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array 19; c) The transmission matrix is ​​measured using a coaxial interferometry method based on multiple phase jitter. A series of binary holograms of the measured transmission matrix are calculated using computer 31. In this embodiment, the total number of modulated incident modes is... N = ×=4, the coaxial interference method with multiple phase jitter used in this invention requires prior calculation of 4× N +11=4107 binarized holograms were used to measure the transmission matrix; d) The computer 31 controls the second digital microlens array 19, and the computer 31 loads and stores 4107 pre-calculated binary holograms of the transmission matrix measured by the coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter on the second digital microlens array 19. e) Using computer 31 to control the second digital microlens array 19, the second digital microlens array 19 dynamically switches between a series of pre-loaded binarized holograms to generate wavelengths of... Level 2 H The amplitude and phase distribution of the target light field in different linear polarization directions are measured, and the camera is triggered to detect 30 pairs of wavelengths. 2 of X The speckle intensity information of the random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction was synchronously acquired. During the experiment, the maximum switching speed of the second digital microlens array 19 was 22.27 kHz, but the maximum switching speed of the camera acquiring the speckle intensity information was 180 Hz. This meant that the measurement time of the transmission matrix was mainly limited by the maximum switching speed of the camera 30; the experiment required approximately 22.8 s to measure one transmission matrix. Based on the 4107 acquired wavelengths... 2 of X The speckle intensity information of the linearly polarized random speckle exit field and the coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter were used to calculate the wavelength. Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 2 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light .

[0032] f) Remove the light-blocking plate and use it to block the wavelength reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter 17. Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, only when the wavelength transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter 17 is... 2 vertical V Linearly polarized light is irradiated onto the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array 19.

[0033] g) Using computer 31 to control the second digital microlens array 19, the second digital microlens array 19 dynamically switches between a series of pre-loaded binarized holograms to generate wavelengths of... 2 vertical V The amplitude and phase distribution of the target light field in different linear polarization directions are measured, and the camera is triggered to detect 30 pairs of wavelengths. 2 of X The speckle intensity information of the random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction was synchronously acquired. During the experiment, the maximum switching speed of the second digital microlens array 19 was 22.27 kHz, but the maximum switching speed of the camera acquiring the speckle intensity information was 180 Hz. This meant that the measurement time of the transmission matrix was mainly limited by the maximum switching speed of the camera 30; the experiment required approximately 22.8 s to measure one transmission matrix. Based on the 4107 acquired wavelengths... 2 of X The speckle intensity information of the linearly polarized random speckle exit field and the coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter were used to calculate the wavelength. 2 vertical H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 2 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light .

[0034] h) Polarization transfer matrix obtained based on the above measurements and Construct a wavelength of l2 H and V The incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions have a wavelength of l2 after passing through the entire optical system. X Partial polarization vector transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light : (2) Step 7: Turn on the first laser source 1 and the input light field modulation device I, and remove the light shield; Step 8: Using calculations Simultaneously control the wavelength of the first digital microlens array 8 and the second digital microlens array 19. 1 and Complex amplitude distribution of the incident light field of the target in two orthogonal polarization directions 2 , , and ,in, and They represent wavelengths of 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions, and They represent wavelengths of 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distributions in two orthogonal polarization directions are used to simultaneously modulate the wavelength. 1 and The amplitude, phase, and polarization information of the incident light field of 2.

[0035] Step 9: Use beam combiner 24 to combine wavelengths of... 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions , and wavelength 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions , By combining beams, the wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization of light can be simultaneously multiplexed. Step 10: The wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization information of the multiplexed light sequentially pass through the optical transmission system and the acquisition system. The camera 30 in the acquisition system 10 then acquires the random speckle emission field. X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total As shown in equation (3): (3) In equation (3), Represented as wavelength 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and After passing through the multiplexing system (), optical transmission system (), and acquisition system (), the wavelength is... 1 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, Represented as wavelength 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and After passing through the multiplexing system (), optical transmission system (), and acquisition system (), the wavelength is... 2 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, This indicates the modulus operation for complex numbers; Step 11: Computer Using equation (4), construct a wavelength of 1 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction With wavelength 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and Relationship between them: (4) In equation (2), T This represents the matrix transpose operation.

[0036] Step 12: Computer Using equation (5), construct a wavelength of 2 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction With wavelength 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and Relationship between them: (5) Equation (4) and Equation (5) can be simplified using Equation (6): (6) In equation (6), Indicates wavelength as random speckle emission field X The complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, and , Indicates wavelength as of H and V After passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a data acquisition system, incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions correspond to wavelengths of... k of X The partial polarization vector transmission matrix of the linearly polarized outgoing light, and , Indicates wavelength as incident light fieldH and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions, and ,in, k =1, 2.

[0037] Step 13: Based on the combination of equation (6) and the speckle correlation scattering matrix method, use equation (7) to construct a wavelength of k Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix : (7) In equation (7), For wavelength k Partial vector transfer matrix The p List, For wavelength k Partial vector transfer matrix The q List, For wavelength random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction The p One element, For wavelength random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction The q There are elements, where * denotes the complex conjugate operation of the matrix; It represents the spatial average.

[0038] Step 14: Set the wavelength to 1 Partial Vector Transfer Matrix Random speckle emission field captured by camera 30 X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total Substituting into equation (7), we obtain the wavelength as Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of 1 , wavelength is Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of 1 The eigenvalue is the wavelength. 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and .

[0039] Step 15: Set the wavelength to... 2 partial vector transfer matrix Random speckle emission field captured by camera 30 X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total Substituting into equation (7), we obtain the wavelength as 2-vector speckle correlation scattering matrix , wavelength is 2-vector speckle correlation scattering matrix The eigenvalue is the wavelength. 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and .

[0040] Step 16: Based on , , and The incident light fields with wavelengths of 1 and 2 were extracted using mode decomposition. H and V The orbital angular momentum in two orthogonal polarization directions is used to simultaneously extract multi-degree-of-freedom information on wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum of the incident light field with wavelengths of 1 and 2 in two orthogonal polarization directions.

[0041] Step 17: Distribute the complex amplitude of the incident light field of the target in two orthogonal polarization directions with wavelengths of 1 and 2. , , and The complex amplitude distribution of the incident light field with wavelengths 1 and 2 obtained experimentally based on the method of this patent invention. , , and The correlation coefficient of the optical field is used to quantitatively characterize the accuracy of the method of this invention in extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of the optical field.

[0042] In summary, this invention proposes a novel approach—a new information extraction method based on light scattering—by deeply exploring the characteristics of optical scattering. It constructs a scattering optical element with universal, stable, and reconfigurable properties, and combines an algorithm to simultaneously demultiplex multiple degrees of freedom information of the light field, including wavelength, polarization, complex amplitude, and OAM. This method significantly develops and enhances the ability of scattering optical elements to extract multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field. Furthermore, it can solve and overcome the problem of extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field in complex environments, exhibiting strong anti-interference and anti-scattering properties. It can be further applied to fields such as optical communication, optical storage, holographic display, and imaging.

Claims

1. A device for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering, characterized in that, include: Multiplexing system, optical transmission system, acquisition system and main control system; The multiplexing system consists of a first input optical field modulation device (I), a second input optical field modulation device (II), a fifth reflector (23), and a beam combiner (24); The first input light field modulation device (I) is composed of a first laser source (1), a first lens (2), a second lens (3), a first half-wave plate (4), a first reflector (5), a first polarizing beam splitter (6), a second reflector (7), a first digital microlens array (8), a third lens (9), a first pinhole (10), and a fourth lens (11); The first laser source (1) is used to emit a wavelength of A coherent laser source of 1; The collimating beam expanding system composed of the first lens (2) and the second lens (3) is used to expand the beam to a wavelength of A coherent laser source with wavelength 1 is collimated and expanded to obtain a wavelength of 1. A collimated laser beam of 1; By changing the principal axis direction of the first half-wave plate (4), the wavelength is made to be The collimated laser beam of wavelength 1 becomes a wavelength of 1 after passing through the first half-wave plate (4). 45° linearly polarized light is emitted and irradiated onto the first reflector (5), the first reflector (5) being used to change the wavelength to 1. The transmission direction of 45° linearly polarized light; The first polarizing beam splitter (6) is used to polarize the wavelength of the beam.

1. Linearly polarized light at 45° is divided into transmitted wavelengths of 1. 1 vertical V The wavelengths of linearly polarized incident light and reflected light are: Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light; The second reflector (7) is used to change the wavelength to Level 1 H The propagation direction of linearly polarized incident light; The wavelength is 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light and the wavelength is Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light simultaneously irradiates the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array (8); The main control system uses a computer (31) to load a binarized hologram onto the first digital microlens array (8), and controls the first digital microlens array (8) according to the binarized hologram, so that the light field after passing through the first digital microlens array (8) passes through the third lens (9) and the first aperture (10) in sequence, and uses the first aperture (10) to filter the +1 order beam on the focal plane of the third lens (9) before passing through the fourth lens (11) to obtain the regulated wavelength. The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution 1, including: wavelength 1 Level 1 H Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light and wavelength 1 vertical V Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light To achieve wavelength Multiplexing of incident light multi-degree-of-freedom information; The second input optical field modulation device (II) consists of a second laser source (12), a fifth lens (13), a sixth lens (14), a second half-wave plate (15), a third mirror (16), a second polarizing beam splitter (17), a fourth mirror (18), a second digital microlens array (19), a seventh lens (20), a second pinhole (21), and an eighth lens (22); The second laser source (12) is used to emit a wavelength of 2 coherent laser sources; The collimating beam expanding system composed of the fifth lens (13) and the sixth lens (14) is used to expand the wavelength to... A coherent laser source of 2 is collimated and expanded to obtain a wavelength of 2. 2 collimated laser beams; By changing the principal axis direction of the second half-wave plate (15), the wavelength is made to be The collimated laser beam of 2, after passing through the second half-wave plate (15), becomes a wavelength of 2. 45° linearly polarized light is emitted and irradiated onto the third reflector (16), which is used to change the wavelength to 2. The transmission direction of 45° linearly polarized light; The second polarizing beam splitter (17) is used to polarize the wavelength of the beam. 2 45° linearly polarized light is divided into transmitted wavelengths of 2 vertical V The wavelengths of linearly polarized incident light and reflected light are: Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light; The fourth reflector (18) is used to change the wavelength to Level 2 H The propagation direction of linearly polarized incident light; The wavelength is 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light and the wavelength is Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light simultaneously illuminates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array (19); The main control system uses a computer (31) to load a binarized hologram onto the second digital microlens array (19), and controls the second digital microlens array (19) according to the binarized hologram, so that the light field after passing through the second digital microlens array (19) passes sequentially through the seventh lens (20) and the second small aperture (21), and the second small aperture (21) filters the +1 order beam on the focal plane of the seventh lens (20) before passing through the eighth lens (22), to obtain the regulated wavelength. The optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution, including: wavelength 2 Level 2 H Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light and wavelength 2 vertical V Complex amplitude distribution of linearly polarized incident light To achieve wavelength Multiplexing of incident light multi-degree-of-freedom information in 2; The reflector (23) is used to change the wavelength to 2. The propagation direction of the optical field with target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution; The beam combiner (24) is used to combine the wavelength of the beam combiner. The optical field with the target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution of wavelength 1 and the wavelength of 1 The light fields with the target amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution are combined to obtain the multiplexed light's wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase multi-degree-of-freedom information; The optical transmission system consists of a first objective lens (25), a multimode optical fiber (26), and a second objective lens (27); The first objective lens (25) couples the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase of the multiplexed light into the multimode fiber (26); the second objective lens (27) is used to collect the wavelength, polarization, amplitude, and phase of the multiplexed light emitted from the multimode fiber (26). The acquisition system consists of a scattering medium (28), a polarizer (29), and a camera (30); The scattering medium (28) introduces optical multiple strong scattering to completely disrupt and couple the multi-degree-of-freedom information of the wavelength, polarization, amplitude and phase of the emitted multiplexed light, so as to form a random speckle emission field with random distribution of wavelength, amplitude, phase and polarization. The polarizer (29) is used to extract the random speckle emission field. X Random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction; The camera (30) is used to collect the data. X The speckle intensity information of the random speckle emission field in the linear polarization direction is obtained, and the speckle intensity information is sent to the computer (31); The computer (31) uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to sequentially measure wavelengths of... 1 and Level 2 H and vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, corresponds to... X The polarization transmission matrix of the linearly polarized outgoing light is obtained, and the multi-degree-of-freedom information of the light field is extracted based on the speckle intensity information collected by the camera (30).

2. A method for extracting multi-degree-of-freedom information of a light field based on light scattering, characterized in that, It is applied in the extraction device according to claim 1, and is carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the first laser source (1) and emit a wavelength of A coherent laser source of 1; Step 2: By changing the principal axis direction of the first half-wave plate (4), the wavelength is... The collimated laser beam of wavelength 1 becomes a wavelength of 1 after passing through the first half-wave plate (4).

1. 45° linearly polarized light; Step 3: Use a light-blocking plate to block the wavelength transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter (6). 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, only when the wavelength reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter (6) is... Level 1 H Linearly polarized light irradiates the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array (8); Step 4: Turn on the first digital microlens array (8). The computer (31) controls the first digital microlens array (8) to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 1 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 5: Remove the light-blocking plate and use it to block the wavelength reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter (6). Level 1 H Linearly polarized incident light, only when the wavelength transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter (6) is... 1 vertical V Linearly polarized light irradiates the effective target surface of the first digital microlens array (8); Step 6: The computer (31) controls the first digital microlens array (8) to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. 1 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 1 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 7: Turn off the first digital microlens array (8) and remove the light-blocking plate; Step 8: Open the second digital microlens array (19), and use the light-blocking plate to block the wavelength transmitted by the second polarizing beam splitter (17). 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, only when the wavelength reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter (17) is... Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light irradiates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array (19); The computer (31) controls the second digital microlens array (19) to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 2 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 9: Remove the light-blocking plate and use it to block the wavelength reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter (17). Level 2 H Linearly polarized incident light, only when the wavelength transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter (17) is... 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light irradiates the effective target surface of the second digital microlens array (19); Step 10: The computer (31) controls the second digital microlens array (19) to simultaneously modulate the signal light and the reference light, and uses a coaxial interferometry method with multiple phase jitter to measure the wavelength. 2 vertical V Linearly polarized incident light, after passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a acquisition system, corresponds to a wavelength of... 2 of X Polarization transfer matrix of linearly polarized outgoing light ; Step 11: Remove the light-blocking plate; and simultaneously turn on the first digital microlens array (8) and the second digital microlens array (19); the computer (31) simultaneously controls the first digital microlens array (8) and the second digital microlens array (19) to adjust the wavelength to 1 and Complex amplitude distribution of the incident light field of the target in two orthogonal polarization directions 2 , , and ,in, and They represent wavelengths of 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions, and They represent wavelengths of 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distributions in two orthogonal polarization directions are used to simultaneously modulate the wavelength. 1 and The amplitude, phase, and polarization information of the incident light field of 2; step 2: Using the beam combiner (24), the wavelength is... 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions , and the wavelength is 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions , By combining beams, the wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization of light can be simultaneously multiplexed. Step 13: After the wavelength, amplitude, phase, and polarization of the multiplexed light pass through the optical transmission system and the acquisition system in sequence, the camera (30) in the acquisition system acquires the random speckle emission field. X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total As shown in equation (1): (1) In equation (1), The wavelength is represented as 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and After passing through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, the wavelength is... 1 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, The wavelength is represented as 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and After passing through the multiplexing system, optical transmission system, and acquisition system, the wavelength is... 2 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, This indicates the modulus operation for complex numbers; Step 14: The computer (31) uses equation (2) to construct a wavelength of 1 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction With wavelength 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and Relationship: (2) In equation (2), T Represents the matrix transpose operation; Step 15: The computer (31) uses equation (3) to construct a wavelength of 2 random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction With wavelength 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and Relationship: (3) Equation (2) and Equation (3) can be simplified using Equation (4): (4) In equation (4), Indicates wavelength as random speckle emission field X The complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction, and , Indicates wavelength as of H and V After passing through a multiplexing system, an optical transmission system, and a data acquisition system, incident light fields with two orthogonal polarization directions correspond to wavelengths of... k of X The partial polarization vector transmission matrix of the linearly polarized outgoing light, and , Indicates wavelength as incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions, and ,in, k =1, 2; Step 16: Based on the combination of equation (4) and the speckle correlation scattering matrix method, use equation (5) to construct a wavelength of k Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix : (5) In equation (5), For wavelength k Partial vector transfer matrix The p List, For wavelength k Partial vector transfer matrix The q List, For wavelength random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction The p One element, For wavelength random speckle emission field X Complex amplitude distribution along the linear polarization direction The q There are 10 elements, where * denotes the complex conjugate operation of the matrix; Indicates spatial average; Step 17: [The wavelength is...] 1 Partial Vector Transfer Matrix The random speckle emission field acquired by the camera (30) X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total Substituting into equation (5), we obtain the wavelength as Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of 1 The wavelength is Vector speckle correlation scattering matrix of 1 The eigenvalue is the wavelength. 1 incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and ; Step 18: Set the wavelength to... 2 partial vector transfer matrix The random speckle emission field acquired by the camera (30) X speckle intensity information in the linear polarization direction I total Substituting into equation (5), we obtain the wavelength as 2-vector speckle correlation scattering matrix The wavelength is 2-vector speckle correlation scattering matrix The eigenvalue is the wavelength. 2 Incident light field H and V Complex amplitude distribution in two orthogonal polarization directions and ; Step 19: Based on , , and The wavelength is extracted using the mode decomposition method. 1 and 2 Incident light field H and V The orbital angular momentum in two orthogonal polarization directions is used to simultaneously extract the wavelength. 1 and The incident light field of 2 has multiple degrees of freedom information on wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum in two orthogonal polarization directions.

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