A method for grafting tea tree rootstock buds and rapid bushing of scion

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of grafted tea tree rootstock bud inhibitor and the method for quick bushing of scion, the rootstock bud inhibitor is composed of the following mass parts of components: isothiazolinone 4-6 parts, lime 40-60 parts, sulfur 800-1200 parts, rapeseed oil 800-1200 parts, surfactant 2-5 parts, salt 80-120 parts, water 800-1200 parts.The method is by spraying the aforementioned rootstock bud inhibitor on the surface of rootstock, promote grafting interface and bud point quick healing, and inhibit rootstock sprouting, in turn accelerate the bud leaf germination of scion, realize the quick bushing after tea tree grafting.The present method is simple in operation, low in cost, and the effect is remarkable, can be used in different types of tea tree grafting and replanting work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea tree grafting technology, specifically to a bud inhibitor for grafted tea tree rootstock and a method for rapid scion formation. Background Technology

[0002] Grafting new tea varieties with superior traits and strong adaptability onto rootstocks in low-yield, inefficient, and aging tea gardens is an effective way to quickly improve the value of tea gardens. However, regardless of the grafting method used, including cleft grafting, whip grafting, and insert grafting, the rootstock will repeatedly sprout new shoots, wasting the tea plant's nutrients. This requires manual removal every two months, consuming significant manpower and resources. Furthermore, repeated bud removal creates multiple wounds on the tea plant, making it susceptible to infection and weakening the plant. Currently, there is no feasible solution to prevent rootstock sprouting after tea grafting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a rootstock bud inhibitor for grafted tea trees, and a method for promoting the rapid formation of tufts in grafted tea trees using the rootstock bud inhibitor.

[0004] This invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0005] A bud inhibitor for grafted tea rootstock is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts isothiazolinone, 40-60 parts lime, 800-1200 parts sulfur, 800-1200 parts rapeseed oil, 2-5 parts surfactant, 80-120 parts salt, and 800-1200 parts water.

[0006] The surfactant contains at least 1-3 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.

[0007] The optimal formula for the grafted tea rootstock bud inhibitor is: 5 parts isothiazolinone, 50 parts lime, 1000 parts sulfur, 1000 parts rapeseed oil, 100 parts salt, 1000 parts water, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and 3 parts other surfactants.

[0008] The other surfactants mentioned are not limited to one or more combinations of commonly used surfactants other than sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.

[0009] Other commonly used surfactants include Tween, polyoxyethylene castor oil, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0010] The present invention also claims protection for a method for rapid bud formation of grafted tea tree scions, which involves spraying the aforementioned rootstock bud inhibitor onto the surface of the rootstock to promote rapid healing of the grafting interface and bud removal point, and inhibiting the sprouting of rootstock buds, thereby accelerating the bud and leaf germination of the scion and achieving rapid bud formation of the grafted tea tree.

[0011] The method for rapidly growing tufts of grafted tea scions involves spraying a rootstock bud inhibitor and then wrapping the tea rootstock with a black wrapping material to increase the duration of the rootstock bud inhibitor's effect and simultaneously prevent the rootstock buds from photosynthesizing, thereby achieving a dual effect of inhibiting rootstock bud growth.

[0012] The method for rapidly forming a bushy structure of grafted tea scions involves applying a bud-promoting agent A to the scion after grafting it onto the rootstock to promote early bud sprouting. The bud-promoting agent A consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts gibberellic acid, 8-15 parts urea, 4-6 parts superphosphate, 40-60 parts bitter tea or its tea residue water extract, 6-10 parts alginic acid, and 800-1200 parts water.

[0013] The germination promoter A can be used in conjunction with 8-12 parts of a compound fungicide.

[0014] The method for rapidly forming a bushy shape from grafted tea scions involves applying bud-promoting agent A to the new shoots of the scion 70-90 days after application, followed by bud-promoting agent B to encourage rapid growth of buds and leaves into a bushy shape. The bud-promoting agent B is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts gibberellin, 8-15 parts urea, 2-4 parts water-soluble fertilizer containing macro-elements, 40-60 parts bitter tea or its tea residue water extract, and 800-1200 parts water.

[0015] The implementation of this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This invention effectively reduces the budding rate of rootstock buds after tea grafting by applying rootstock bud inhibitors, wrapping the rootstock, and spraying the scion with bud-promoting agents, and accelerates the healing of the graft union, thereby accelerating the bud and leaf sprouting of the scion and enabling the tea tree to quickly form a bush after grafting.

[0017] This method is simple to operate, low in cost, and has significant effects. It can be applied to grafting and variety replacement of different types of tea trees. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 These are real-life photos of the sawing of the rootstock as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 These are real-life photos of the splitting and cutting steps described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 , Figure 4 These are real-life photos of the scion processing steps described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 These are real-life photos of the grafting and variety replacement steps described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 These are real-life photos of the bagging step described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 , Figure 8 This is a real-life photograph of the rapid growth of new shoots and buds into a bush as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 These are photographs of the budding morphology of the scions after treatment with the bud-promoting agent described in Comparative Experiment 1 of this invention.

[0025] Figure 10 These are photographs of the morphology of scion buds after treatment with the compound bactericide described in Comparative Experiment 1 of this invention.

[0026] Figure 11 These are photographs of the morphology of the scion sprouting after water treatment as described in Comparative Experiment 1 of this invention.

[0027] Figure 12 These are photographs of leaf growth morphology after 100 days of treatment with the bud-promoting agent described in Comparative Experiment 1 of this invention.

[0028] Figure 13 These are photographs of the leaf growth morphology after 100 days of water treatment as described in Comparative Experiment 1 of this invention.

[0029] Figure 14 These are photos of the rootstock sprouting after 100 days of treatment with the rootstock bud inhibitor and black cloth strips as described in Comparative Experiment 3 of this invention.

[0030] Figure 15 These are photographs of rootstock sprouting after 100 days of treatment with the rootstock bud inhibitor described in Comparative Experiment 3 of this invention.

[0031] Figure 16 These are photos of the rootstock sprouting after 100 days of treatment with lime-sulfur mixture and black cloth strips as described in Comparative Experiment 3 of this invention.

[0032] Figure 17 These are photographs of rootstock sprouting after 100 days of treatment with lime-sulfur mixture as described in Comparative Experiment 3 of this invention.

[0033] Figure 18 These are photographs of the rootstock sprouting after 100 days of water treatment as described in Comparative Experiment 3 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the implementation of the technical solution of the present invention and its beneficial effects, further explanation will be provided below in conjunction with detailed steps and some comparative experiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Example 1 includes the following steps: preparation, sawing the rootstock, scion treatment, grafting and variety replacement, spraying bud-promoting agent A, bagging, applying rootstock bud inhibitor, wrapping with black non-woven fabric, covering with shade net, spraying bud-promoting agent B, recycling the fabric strips, and subsequent management.

[0037] It should be noted that the specific steps of the preparation work, sawing the rootstock, scion treatment, grafting and variety replacement, bagging, covering with shade net, recycling the cloth strips, and subsequent management described in Example 1 can be implemented with reference to Example 1 of this invention, or can be implemented with reference to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, but in any case, it does not affect the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0038] The specific steps of Example 1 are as follows:

[0039] 1) Preparation: From October to January of the following year, irrigate the rootstock 2-3 days before sawing to increase the water content of the rootstock and enhance the water absorption and absorption of the scion after grafting.

[0040] 2) Sawing the rootstock: such as Figure 1 As shown, cut the tea tree stem 5-10cm above the first branch of the rootstock, leaving 5-8 evenly distributed main branches. Trim the cut ends of the main branches neatly. Figure 2 As shown, use a cleaver to make a 1.5-2cm cut perpendicular to the cut at the middle of each main branch cut.

[0041] 3) Scion treatment: Select superior tea varieties with high compatibility with the rootstock as scions. Generally, large-leaf varieties are grafted onto large-leaf varieties as rootstocks, and small-leaf varieties onto small-leaf varieties as rootstocks. The closer the kinship between the rootstock and scion, the better the compatibility. For example... Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, scions are cut from semi-lignified branches, with one leaf on each scion. Leave 0.3-0.6 cm of branch above the leaf and 2-3 cm below the leaf. Make a wedge-shaped cut on each side of the lower part of the scion, 1.5-1.8 cm long, smooth and even. Then, disinfect the scions by immersing them in a disinfectant solution prepared by diluting carbendazim 1000 times with water.

[0042] 4) Grafting and variety replacement: such as Figure 5 As shown, insert two prepared scions into both ends of the split rootstock main branches, ensuring that the cambium layers of the scions and rootstock are aligned. A total of 10-16 scions are grafted onto each of the 5-8 main branches remaining on each rootstock.

[0043] 5) Apply bud-promoting agent A: Spray bud-promoting agent A onto the leaves of the scion to promote early bud growth. Preparation of bud-promoting agent A: 1 part gibberellic acid, 10 parts urea, 5 parts superphosphate, 50 parts bitter tea residue extract, 8 parts alginic acid, 10 parts compound fungicide, and 1000 parts water. The compound fungicide can be Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, or a mixture of carbendazim and other fungicides.

[0044] 6) Bagging: such as Figure 6 As shown, cover the scion and rootstock main branch together with a colorless, transparent plastic bag with an opening at the bottom. Tie the bag opening tightly to the rootstock main branch with a strap to maintain the humidity of the scion inside the bag. The top of the bag should not touch the scion; leave room for the scion to grow.

[0045] 7) Applying rootstock bud inhibitor: Manually remove existing rootstock buds from the base of the rootstock to the scion. Apply the rootstock bud inhibitor evenly to the rootstock surface using a brush. The rootstock bud inhibitor is prepared as follows: 5 parts isothiazolinone, 50 parts lime, 1000 parts sulfur, 1000 parts rapeseed oil, 3 parts hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 100 parts salt, and 1000 parts water. Applying the rootstock bud inhibitor not only promotes rapid healing of the removed buds and the graft union, inhibits further budding, but also reduces pest and disease damage to the tea tree in the following year. After treatment, budding of the rootstock is suppressed, with a 70% reduction in rootstock buds and a 95% reduction in stem buds.

[0046] 8) Black non-woven fabric wrapping: Cut black non-woven fabric into strips of 30*60cm and wrap them around the tea tree rootstock. Secure the strips with clips or pins. This step aims to increase the effective time of the rootstock bud inhibitor and simultaneously prevent photosynthesis in the rootstock buds, achieving a dual effect of inhibiting rootstock bud growth.

[0047] 9) Cover with shade netting: Insert bamboo sticks about 90cm high and spaced about 1.5m apart on both sides of the tea shop, and then cover with black shade netting with a shade ratio of 75%-85%. The shade netting should not touch the tea bag.

[0048] 10) Tea row management: Plant nitrogen-fixing plants such as wild peanuts as green manure between tea rows to suppress weed growth.

[0049] 11) Apply bud-promoting agent B: such as Figure 7 As shown, approximately 80 days later, when the new shoots of the scion approach the top of the bag, the shade net and transparent plastic bag are removed, and bud-promoting agent B is sprayed to encourage rapid growth of the buds and leaves into a dense canopy. The bud-promoting agent B is prepared as follows: 1 part gibberellin, 10 parts urea, 3 parts water-soluble fertilizer containing macro-elements, 50 parts bitter tea residue extract, and 1000 parts water. After treatment, the scions will develop a new variety's harvesting surface after 6 months, with plump, tender buds and excellent quality. Figure 8 As shown.

[0050] 12) Recover the cloth strips: After the new shoots have formed a canopy, recover the black non-woven cloth strips wrapped around the rootstock. At this time, due to the apical dominance of the new shoots, the rootstock buds are suppressed.

[0051] 13) Subsequent management: Follow the conventional tea garden management, including fertilization, weeding, and pruning.

[0052] Experiment and results:

[0053] Comparative Experiment 1

[0054] Yunnan large-leaf tea cultivar was selected as rootstock, and Lingyun Baihao tea cultivar was selected as scion. The following experimental groups were set up for effect comparison:

[0055] Experimental Group 1: After grafting, the scion leaves were sprayed with bud-promoting agent A from Example 1. The compound fungicide in bud-promoting agent A was a wettable powder of carbendazim and difenoconazole (25%:5%). After 80 days, the scion leaves were sprayed with bud-promoting agent B from Example 1.

[0056] Experimental Group 2: Carbendazim and difenoconazole wettable powder (25%:5%) were used to replace sprouting agent A and sprouting agent B used in Experimental Group 1, with the dosage being the same as that used in Experimental Group 1 at the same cost. Other management was the same as in Experimental Group 1.

[0057] Experimental Group 3: Use clean water instead of sprouting agent A and sprouting agent B used in Experimental Group 1. Other management is the same as in Experimental Group 1.

[0058] The survival, budding, and growth of the scions in each experimental group were observed, recorded, and statistically analyzed as shown in the table below.

[0059]

[0060] Combined with appendix Figure 9 , 10 As shown in Tables 11 and 11 above, tea scions treated with the bud-promoting agent described in this invention sprouted earlier, had better bud and leaf development, and a higher survival rate; tea scions treated with only the compound fungicide sprouted slower and had a generally lower survival rate; while tea scions treated with the water control sprouted slower, had a lower survival rate, and some buds and leaves showed signs of mold.

[0061] Combined with appendix Figure 12 and 13 It can be seen that after 100 days of treatment with the bud-promoting agent described in this invention, compared with the water control, the scion leaves treated with the bud-promoting agent are bright green, and the average leaf length and leaf width are significantly better than the control, and the tea trees form bushes quickly.

[0062] Comparative Experiment 2

[0063] Yunnan large-leaf tea cultivar was selected as rootstock, and Guire No. 2 tea cultivar was used as scion. The following experimental groups were set up for effect comparison:

[0064] Experimental Group A: The rootstock bud inhibitor was formulated with 5 parts isothiazolinone, 50 parts lime, 1000 parts sulfur, 1000 parts rapeseed oil, 100 parts sodium chloride, 1000 parts water, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and 3 parts hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0065] Experimental Group B: The rootstock bud inhibitor was formulated with 4 parts isothiazolinone, 60 parts lime, 1200 parts sulfur, 1000 parts rapeseed oil, 80 parts sodium chloride, 1200 parts water, 3 parts sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 1 part Tween (80).

[0066] Experimental Group C: The rootstock bud inhibitor was formulated with 6 parts isothiazolinone, 40 parts lime, 800 parts sulfur, 1200 parts rapeseed oil, 120 parts sodium chloride, 800 parts water, 3 parts sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2 parts polyoxyethylene castor oil.

[0067] Experimental Group D: The rootstock bud inhibitor was formulated with 10 parts isothiazolinone, 100 parts lime, 500 parts sulfur, 1000 parts rapeseed oil, 150 parts sodium chloride, 1000 parts water, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and 3 parts hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0068] Experimental Group E: The rootstock bud inhibitor was formulated with 5 parts isothiazolinone, 300 parts lime, 700 parts sulfur, 1200 parts rapeseed oil, 100 parts sodium chloride, 1000 parts water, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and 3 parts hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0069] Experimental group F: The rootstock bud inhibitor was formulated with 5 parts isothiazolinone, 50 parts lime, 1000 parts sulfur, 500 parts water, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and 3 parts hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0070] Experimental group G: Water control.

[0071] After grafting the scions at each experimental site, the inhibitor obtained from the aforementioned experimental group AF was applied to the surface of the rootstock. A water treatment was set up as a blank control. Except for the different rootstock bud inhibitors applied, no black non-woven fabric was used for wrapping in any of the treatments, and other management was carried out uniformly as in Example 1. The growth of rootstock buds, the healing and development of rootstocks in each experimental group were observed, recorded and statistically analyzed as shown in the table below.

[0072]

[0073] The results in the table above show that the rootstock bud inhibitor described in this invention can significantly reduce the budding rate of rootstock buds after grafting tea trees.

[0074] Comparative Test 3

[0075] Yunnan large-leaf tea cultivar was selected as rootstock, and Guire No. 2 tea cultivar was used as scion. The following experimental groups were set up for effect comparison:

[0076] Experimental Group I: Performed according to Example 1 above.

[0077] Experimental Group II: Unlike Experimental Group I, it does not undergo black non-woven fabric wrapping treatment; otherwise, it is the same as Experimental Group I.

[0078] Experimental Group III: Unlike Experimental Group I, the rootstock inhibitor was replaced with lime sulfur, otherwise the same as Experimental Group I.

[0079] Experimental Group IV: Unlike Experimental Group III, no black non-woven fabric wrapping treatment was applied; otherwise, it was the same as Experimental Group III.

[0080] Experimental group V: Water control.

[0081] The growth of rootstock buds, the healing and development of rootstocks in each experimental group were observed, recorded and statistically analyzed as shown in the table below.

[0082]

[0083] Combined with appendix Figure 14 - Appendix Figure 18 As shown in the table above, the method described in this invention can significantly reduce the budding rate of rootstock buds after grafting tea trees.

Claims

1. A bud inhibitor for grafted tea tree rootstock, characterized in that, It is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts isothiazolinone, 40-60 parts lime, 800-1200 parts sulfur, 800-1200 parts rapeseed oil, 2-5 parts surfactant, 80-120 parts salt, and 800-1200 parts water.

2. The bud inhibitor for grafted tea rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactant contains at least 1-3 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.

3. The bud inhibitor for grafted tea rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for the grafted tea rootstock bud inhibitor is as follows: 5 parts isothiazolinone, 50 parts lime, 1000 parts sulfur, 1000 parts rapeseed oil, 100 parts salt, 1000 parts water, 2 parts sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and 3 parts other surfactants.

4. The bud inhibitor for grafted tea rootstock according to claim 3, characterized in that, Other commonly used surfactants mentioned are one or more of Tween, polyoxyethylene castor oil, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

5. A method for rapidly forming a bushy texture from grafted tea tree scions, characterized in that, After grafting, the rootstock bud inhibitor described in any one of claims 1-4 is sprayed onto the surface of the rootstock.

6. The method for rapid canopy formation of grafted tea tree scions according to claim 5, characterized in that, After spraying the rootstock bud inhibitor, the tea tree rootstock is wrapped with black wrapping material to further inhibit the growth of rootstock buds.

7. The method for rapid canopy formation of grafted tea tree scions according to claim 5, characterized in that, After grafting, apply bud-promoting agent A to the scion. Bud-promoting agent A consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts gibberellic acid, 8-15 parts urea, 4-6 parts superphosphate, 40-60 parts bitter tea or its tea residue water extract, 6-10 parts alginic acid, and 800-1200 parts water.

8. The method for rapid canopy formation of grafted tea tree scions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The germination promoter A is used in conjunction with 8-12 parts of a compound fungicide.

9. A method for rapid canopy formation of grafted tea tree scions according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, 70-90 days after applying bud-promoting agent A, apply bud-promoting agent B to the new shoots of the scion. Bud-promoting agent B consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts gibberellin, 8-15 parts urea, 2-4 parts water-soluble fertilizer of macro-elements, 40-60 parts bitter tea or its tea residue water extract, and 800-1200 parts water.

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