High-magnification micro-concentration photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated wall

Abstract

The application discloses a high-multiple micro light-gathering type photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated wall body which is composed of a light-gathering glass plate, a flexible connection, an air interlayer, a high-efficiency photovoltaic plate, a fan, a first ventilation opening, a second ventilation opening, a third ventilation opening, a fourth ventilation opening, a fifth ventilation opening, a sixth ventilation opening and a concrete layer; the light-gathering glass plate is composed of a glass substrate and a plurality of convex lenses; and the high-efficiency photovoltaic plate is composed of a plurality of strong-light type cells and a weak-light type cell. The application can improve the power generation per unit area of the photovoltaic component and reduce the power generation cost, has the ability of full-season adjustment, can have excellent energy-saving and emission-reducing effects in different seasons, can reduce the building cold and heat load and realize the power generation load reduction effect, and can improve the indoor air quality. The application is used for building outer walls, can beautify the building shape, can be used as a building south wall in the northern hemisphere and a building north wall in the southern hemisphere, and has a wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation, specifically a high-concentration photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall. Background Technology

[0002] Buildings consume a lot of energy, making the acceleration of low-carbon building development imperative. Meanwhile, improving indoor thermal comfort and increasing energy efficiency have become hot topics of concern, and solar energy is one of the most widely used forms of clean energy. Solar energy resources are abundant, but the development and utilization of building-integrated solar energy is somewhat insufficient.

[0003] Currently, solar cell modules are mainly installed on building rooftops, which greatly limits their application. First, the limited area of ​​rooftops results in relatively low power generation. Second, in northern regions, rooftops are often covered in snow and ice after snowfall, reducing power generation efficiency and requiring timely cleaning, which is difficult due to the inaccessibility of rooftops. Furthermore, solar photovoltaic panels also suffer from excessively high temperatures and reduced power generation efficiency in summer.

[0004] Although solar power generation devices with glass curtain walls installed on building exteriors already exist, they are merely simple combinations of solar photovoltaic modules and glass curtain walls, resulting in poor building ventilation and air permeability. Because they are installed on the wall at a fixed angle perpendicular to the ground, the solar incidence angle is high, leading to low power generation efficiency. Using high-efficiency cells (such as III-V multi-junction cells) to solve this problem would often result in excessively high investment costs, hindering widespread application.

[0005] The literature “Hong Binghua, Zhang Hao, Wu Weixiong et al. Review on the structure and key factors of solar ventilated wall system [J]. Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning, 2022, 52(10):84-93+74.” discloses a photovoltaic Trombe wall that uses solar cells to generate electricity and provide heat to the room. However, this wall is only suitable for winter. In summer, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels is difficult to dissipate, which increases the heat entering the room and causes the cooling load to rise, resulting in the need to consume more energy to maintain a suitable indoor temperature.

[0006] Therefore, it is crucial to find a high-efficiency solar wall that can be widely used. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-concentration photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the aforementioned technical problem is to provide a high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall, characterized in that the wall is composed of a concentrating glass plate, a flexible connection, an air interlayer, a high-efficiency photovoltaic panel, a fan, a first ventilation opening, a second ventilation opening, a third ventilation opening, a fourth ventilation opening, a fifth ventilation opening, a sixth ventilation opening, and a concrete layer.

[0009] The concentrating glass panel is movably installed in the concrete layer around its perimeter via flexible connections, allowing it to move within a suitable range. The high-efficiency photovoltaic panel is fixed within the concrete layer. An air gap exists between the concentrating glass panel and the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel. A fourth vent is located at the top of the air gap, and a third vent is located at the bottom. The concrete layer has a first, second, fifth, and sixth vent. The second vent is located above the concentrating glass panel; the first vent is located below the concentrating glass panel, and a fan is installed at the first vent; the sixth vent is located above the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel; and the fifth vent is located below the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel.

[0010] The first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ventilation openings are interconnected; each of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ventilation openings is equipped with an air valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of the ventilation opening.

[0011] The focusing glass plate consists of a glass substrate and several convex lenses; the glass substrate is movably installed in the concrete layer by flexible connections; several convex lenses are arranged on the glass substrate to form an integral structure.

[0012] The high-efficiency photovoltaic panel consists of several high-intensity solar cells and one low-intensity solar cell; the low-intensity solar cell is fixed in the concrete layer; several high-intensity solar cells are embedded in the low-intensity solar cell; the number of high-intensity solar cells is the same as the number of convex lenses and their positions are matched, so that direct sunlight is refracted by the convex lenses and focused on the corresponding high-intensity solar cell.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] (1) This invention can improve the power generation per unit area of ​​photovoltaic modules and reduce power generation costs. A concentrating glass plate with a convex lens is used to concentrate sunlight, focusing direct sunlight onto the high-intensity solar cell and scattering light onto the low-intensity solar cell, thereby maximizing solar power generation and reducing power generation costs. At the same time, a flexible connection is used to concentrate direct sunlight at different times onto the high-intensity solar cell, adapting to the direction of sunlight at different times and improving power generation efficiency.

[0015] (2) This invention has the ability to regulate all seasons, and can achieve excellent energy-saving and emission-reduction effects in different seasons, realizing the function of power generation and load reduction. By using ventilation, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels in summer is discharged outdoors, reducing the cooling load transferred indoors and lowering the temperature of the photovoltaic panel components, thereby improving power generation efficiency. When the outdoor temperature is low, outdoor fresh air can also be fully utilized for cooling. In winter, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels can heat the air gap, and by changing the direction and opening of the valves, heated clean air can be systematically sent into the room, which can reduce the indoor heat load and provide power to users.

[0016] (3) This invention can improve indoor air quality. By changing the direction and opening of the valve, clean air is systematically introduced into the room, improving indoor air quality and making up for the poor ventilation of existing glass curtain walls.

[0017] (4) This invention is used for building exterior walls and beautifies the building's shape. It can be used as the south wall of a building in the Northern Hemisphere and as the north wall of a building in the Southern Hemisphere. It can meet the needs of different regions such as tropical, temperate and frigid zones and has a wide range of applications. It makes full use of solar energy power generation and reasonably handles the heat generated by photovoltaic panels, which can reduce the building's cold and heat loads. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing adjustment when vertical light is incident according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing adjustment when the light is incident at an angle according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical height positioning of the convex lens of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the east-west positioning of the convex lens of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of airflow under the first indoor-outdoor heat exchange condition of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of airflow under the second indoor-outdoor heat exchange condition of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of airflow under indoor and outdoor heat exchange condition three of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of airflow under the fourth indoor-outdoor heat exchange condition of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of airflow in the fifth indoor-outdoor heat exchange condition of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram, 1 is a focusing glass panel, 2 is a flexible connector, 3 is an air gap, 4 is a high-efficiency photovoltaic panel, 5 is a fan, 61 is the first vent, 62 is the second vent, 63 is the third vent, 64 is the fourth vent, 65 is the fifth vent, 66 is the sixth vent, and 7 is a concrete layer; 11 is a glass substrate, 12 is a convex lens, 41 is a high-intensity solar cell, and 42 is a low-intensity solar cell. The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of airflow. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. These specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention in detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0032] This invention provides a high-concentration photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall (hereinafter referred to as the wall), characterized in that the wall is composed of a concentrating glass plate 1, a flexible connection 2, an air interlayer 3, a high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4, a fan 5, a first ventilation opening 61, a second ventilation opening 62, a third ventilation opening 63, a fourth ventilation opening 64, a fifth ventilation opening 65, a sixth ventilation opening 66 and a concrete layer 7.

[0033] The focusing glass plate 1 is movably installed in the concrete layer 7 around its perimeter via flexible connections 2. The flexible connections 2 allow the focusing glass plate 1 to move within an appropriate range to meet the focusing requirements of direct sunlight at different incident angles.

[0034] The high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed in the concrete layer 7; there is an air gap 3 between the concentrating glass panel 1 and the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4; a fourth ventilation opening 64 is opened at the top of the air gap 3 and a third ventilation opening 63 is opened at the bottom; a first ventilation opening 61, a second ventilation opening 62, a fifth ventilation opening 65 and a sixth ventilation opening 66 are opened on the concrete layer 7; the second ventilation opening 62 is located above the concentrating glass panel 1; the first ventilation opening 61 is located below the concentrating glass panel 1, and a fan 5 is installed at the first ventilation opening 61; the sixth ventilation opening 66 is located above the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4; the fifth ventilation opening 65 is located below the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4.

[0035] The first ventilation opening 61, the second ventilation opening 62, the third ventilation opening 63, the fourth ventilation opening 64, the fifth ventilation opening 65 and the sixth ventilation opening 66 are interconnected; each of the first ventilation opening 61, the second ventilation opening 62, the third ventilation opening 63, the fourth ventilation opening 64, the fifth ventilation opening 65 and the sixth ventilation opening 66 is equipped with an air valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of the ventilation opening;

[0036] The focusing glass plate 1 is composed of a glass substrate 11 and a number of convex lenses 12; the glass substrate 11 is movably installed in the concrete layer 7 through a flexible connection 2; the number of convex lenses 12 are distributed on the glass substrate 11 to form an integral structure.

[0037] The high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 converts solar energy into electrical and thermal energy for user use. It consists of several high-intensity photovoltaic cells 41 and one low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42. The low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42 is fixed in the concrete layer 7. Several high-intensity photovoltaic cells 41 are embedded in the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42. The number of high-intensity photovoltaic cells 41 is the same as the number of convex lenses 12 and their positions are matched so that direct sunlight is refracted by the convex lenses 12 and focused on the corresponding high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41. The specific position is set according to local conditions to improve power generation efficiency.

[0038] Preferably, the glass substrate 11 is a tempered glass plate.

[0039] Preferably, a plurality of convex lenses 12 are arranged in rows and columns on the glass substrate 11, with adjacent convex lenses 12 in contact and tangent to each other; the rows and columns include aligned rows and columns and staggered rows and columns; in one embodiment, a plurality of convex lenses 12 are arranged in aligned rows and columns on the glass substrate 11, that is, the number of convex lenses 12 in each row is the same and the number of convex lenses 12 in each column is the same; in another embodiment, a plurality of convex lenses 12 are arranged in staggered rows and columns on the glass substrate 11, that is, a certain non-edge convex lens 12 in a certain non-edge row is tangent to two convex lenses 12 in the row above it, and at the same time tangent to two convex lenses 12 in the row below it.

[0040] Preferably, the unidirectional movable distance of the flexible connection 2 is 0.1 to 0.15 m.

[0041] Preferably, a fan (not shown in the figure) is provided in the air interlayer 3.

[0042] Preferably, the thickness of the air interlayer 3 is equal to the focal length of the convex lens 12, preferably 0.03 to 0.04 m.

[0043] Preferably, direct sunlight is refracted by the convex lens 12 and focused onto the high-intensity solar cell 41, while diffused sunlight is refracted by the convex lens 12 or transmitted through the glass substrate 11 to the low-intensity solar cell 42.

[0044] Preferably, the high-light type battery 41 is a III-V multi-junction battery, and the low-light type battery 42 is a perovskite battery.

[0045] Preferably, the low-light battery 42 is substrate-shaped; the high-light battery 41 is circular. Preferably, the area of ​​the high-light battery 41 is 1 mm². 2 .

[0046] Preferably, sunlight is divided into direct sunlight and diffused sunlight. The high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41 has a high absorption rate for direct sunlight, but its cost is also relatively high. The low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42 has good low-light performance and can still have high power generation efficiency under low light conditions. Moreover, the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42 has a relatively low cost. Therefore, a high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 is formed by embedding the centimeter-sized high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41 into the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42. The high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41 is used to absorb direct sunlight, and the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42 is used to absorb diffused sunlight.

[0047] Preferably, the sixth vent 66 and the second vent 62 are at the same horizontal level and directly opposite each other.

[0048] Preferably, the fifth vent 65 is at the same horizontal level as the first vent 61 and is directly opposite it.

[0049] The working principle and workflow of this invention are as follows:

[0050] In the Northern Hemisphere, the south receives more solar radiation throughout the year, therefore the wall of this invention can be used as the south wall of a building; in the Southern Hemisphere, the north receives more solar radiation throughout the year, therefore it can be used as the north wall of a building. The solar altitude angle h and solar azimuth angle α are different in different seasons and at different times.

[0051] I. In order to maximize the power generation efficiency and output of the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 of the wall of the present invention and reduce the power generation cost, the following analysis will explain how and when to adjust the position of the concentrating glass panel 1; the adjustment of the concentrating glass panel 1 is as follows:

[0052] (i) Based on the local solar altitude angle h, the position of the focusing glass plate 1 is adjusted longitudinally within a small range using the flexible connection 2, so that as much of the direct sunlight after refraction by the convex lens 12 as possible is focused onto the high-intensity solar cell 41. The specific method is as follows:

[0053] Depend on Figure 6 As shown, let the vertical height of the optical center of the convex lens 12 be z1 higher than the vertical height of the center of its corresponding high-intensity solar cell 41, the thickness of the air interlayer 3 be L1, the focal length of the convex lens 12 be f, and the solar altitude angle h be the angle between the direct sunlight and the xy plane; according to trigonometric relationships, we get:

[0054] z1=f×tanh (1)

[0055] To ensure that direct sunlight, after being refracted by convex lens 12, is focused onto the corresponding high-intensity solar cell 41, the thickness L1 of the air gap is set to be equal to the focal length f of convex lens 12, resulting in:

[0056] z1=L1×tanh (2)

[0057] (ii) Based on the local solar azimuth angle α, the position of the focusing glass plate 1 is adjusted horizontally within a small range using the flexible connection 2, so that as much of the direct sunlight after refraction by the convex lens 12 as possible is focused onto the high-intensity solar cell 41. The specific method is as follows:

[0058] The solar azimuth angle α is the angle between the projection of the line connecting the sun to a given point on the Earth's surface and the local meridian. It is negative when the sun is eastward and positive when it is westward. Figure 7 As shown, let ω be the angle between the projection of the direct sunlight onto the horizontal plane and the normal to the wall. It can be seen that the absolute value of ω is complementary to or equal to the absolute value of the solar azimuth angle α.

[0059] The absolute value of the lateral movement distance required for convex lens 12 is y1, where it needs to move westward when the solar azimuth angle α is positive (i.e., the sun is in the west) and eastward when the solar azimuth angle α is negative (i.e., the sun is in the east). To focus the direct sunlight refracted by convex lens 12 onto the high-intensity solar cell 41, then in the east-west direction:

[0060] y1=L1×tanω (3)

[0061] Since the absolute value of ω is either complementary to or equal to the absolute value of the solar azimuth angle α, we obtain:

[0062] y1=L1×|tanα| (4)

[0063] (III) Determine the optimal operating time of the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 based on the concentration efficiency, and adjust the position of the concentrating glass panel 1 within this optimal operating time:

[0064] The light-gathering efficiency η is the area πa of the direct sunlight refracted by the convex lens 12 and focused onto the high-intensity solar cell 41. 2 The percentage of the area A concentrated on the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4, where, when πa 2 When A is greater than or equal to 1, the concentration efficiency η = 100%;

[0065] When direct sunlight shines parallel to the convex lens 12, it will converge at the focal point of the convex lens 12. Let r be the distance from the optical center of the convex lens 12 to its edge; the high-intensity solar cell 41 is circular with radius a and area πa. 2The area on the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 after the direct sunlight is refracted by the convex lens 12 has a radius of b and an area of ​​A = πb. 2 ;

[0066] When the solar azimuth angle α is 0° or 180° (i.e., a ≥ b), the high-intensity solar cell 41 is exactly at the focal point of the convex lens 12. At this time, all the direct sunlight refracted by the convex lens 12 is focused onto the high-intensity solar cell 41, and the focusing efficiency η = 100%. When the solar azimuth angle α is any other angle (i.e., a < b, except for 0° and 180°), the focusing efficiency η is the area πa of the direct sunlight refracted by the convex lens 12 focused onto the high-intensity solar cell 41. 2 The percentage of the area A concentrated on the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 is expressed as shown in Equation (5):

[0067]

[0068] In equation (5), the radius b of the region where the direct sunlight refracted by the convex lens 12 is concentrated on the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4 is an unknown quantity, and its solution process is as follows:

[0069] When the solar azimuth angle α is any other angle, the direct sunlight will diverge after passing the focal point of the convex lens 12. Along the divergence direction, the distance between the high-intensity solar cell 41 and the focal point of the convex lens 12 is L2-L1, where L2 is the straight-line distance from the convex lens 12 to the center of the high-intensity solar cell 41 along the horizontal projection direction of the light rays. From the relationship of similar triangles, we obtain:

[0070]

[0071] Furthermore, given L1 = L2|cosα|, by transforming equation (6), we obtain:

[0072]

[0073] Based on equation (7), equation (5) can be transformed into:

[0074]

[0075] According to equation (8), the light-gathering efficiency is low when the azimuth angle is large. Therefore, increasing the radius a of the high-intensity solar cell 41 and / or decreasing the distance r from the optical center to the edge of the convex lens 12 can help improve the light-gathering efficiency of the wall and extend the optimal working time. In this embodiment, the period when the light-gathering efficiency η is greater than 50% is defined as the optimal working time. The position of the light-gathering glass plate 1 is not adjusted during non-optimal working times to achieve energy saving.

[0076] In this embodiment, taking Beichen District of Tianjin as an example, the thickness L1 of the air interlayer 3 is taken as 0.03m. The maximum unidirectional distance of the convex lens 12 can be adjusted to 0.12m through the flexible connection 2. The distance r from the optical center of the convex lens 12 to its edge is 0.1m, and the radius a of the high-intensity solar cell 41 is 0.04m. The maximum vertical displacement z1 of the convex lens 12 occurs at the moment of maximum solar altitude angle, i.e., noon. The maximum east-west displacement y1 occurs when the solar azimuth angle α is large and the illumination is strong, which can be taken as the moment when the light-gathering efficiency η is about 50%. The light-gathering effect is shown in the table below using four typical days: the spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox, and winter solstice. The optimal working time varies depending on the season. The shortest optimal working time is on the summer solstice (10:56-13:30), while the longest is on the winter solstice (8:28-15:48). The optimal working time on the spring equinox (9:42-15:00) and autumn equinox (9:48-14:21) falls between these two extremes. Table 1 shows the focusing efficiency and corresponding convex lens displacement at some times on various typical days.

[0077] Table 1

[0078]

[0079] II. In order to achieve excellent energy-saving and emission-reduction effects of the wall structure of this invention in different weather environments and improve the wall structure's adaptability to different climates, the heat storage and temperature regulation method of the wall structure of this invention is as follows:

[0080] Operating Condition 1: In winter, when the air temperature in air gap 3 is high (i.e., the air temperature in air gap 3 is ≥ the outdoor temperature), in order to ensure good indoor air quality, outdoor fresh air can be introduced (e.g., ...). Figure 8 (As shown): Open the air valves of fan 5 and the first vent 61, third vent 63, fourth vent 64 and sixth vent 66, and close the air valves of the other vents; outdoor fresh air enters the air jacket 3 through the first vent 61 and third vent 63 in sequence under the action of fan 5, absorbs the heat generated by the high-light type battery 41 and low-light type battery 42, and then, under the action of thermal pressure and fan 5, is sent into the room through the fourth vent 64 and sixth vent 66 to maintain good indoor air quality;

[0081] Operating Condition 2: In winter, when the air temperature in air gap 3 is high (i.e., the air temperature in air gap 3 is ≥ the indoor temperature), to further reduce the indoor heat load, indoor return air can be used (e.g., Figure 9(As shown): Open the air valves of fan 5 and the third vent 63, fourth vent 64, fifth vent 65 and sixth vent 66, and close the air valves of the other vents; indoor air enters the air gap 3 through the fifth vent 65 and the third vent 63 in sequence, absorbs the heat generated by the high-light type battery 41 and the low-light type battery 42, and then enters the room through the fourth vent 64 and the sixth vent 66 in sequence to provide indoor heating and save energy.

[0082] Operating Condition 3: In winter, when the air temperature in air gap 3 is low (i.e., the air temperature in air gap 3 < outdoor temperature or the air temperature in air gap 3 < indoor temperature) (e.g.) Figure 10 As shown), close all ventilation valves and fans 5. The air jacket 3 has a good heat preservation effect, reduces heat loss in the room, lowers the heat load, and saves energy.

[0083] Operating Condition 4: In summer, when the air temperature in air gap 3 is high (i.e., the air temperature in air gap 3 ≥ outdoor temperature ≥ indoor temperature) (e.g.) Figure 11 As shown, the heat generated by the high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41 and the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42 not only increases the indoor cooling load but also reduces the power generation efficiency of the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel 4. Therefore, ventilation is used to exhaust the heat to the outside: the fan 5 is turned on, and the air valves of the first vent 61, the second vent 62, the third vent 63, and the fourth vent 64 are opened, while the air valves of the remaining vents are closed. Under the action of the fan 5, outdoor air enters the air gap 3 through the first vent 61 and the third vent 63 in sequence, and is then exhausted to the outside through the fourth vent 64 and the second vent 62. The outdoor fresh air exchanges heat with the high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41 and the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42 through convection heat exchange, and carries the heat generated by them to the outside, reducing the indoor cooling load and improving the power generation efficiency of the high-intensity photovoltaic cell 41 and the low-intensity photovoltaic cell 42.

[0084] Operating Condition 5: In summer, when the air temperature in air gap 3 is low (i.e., indoor temperature < air temperature in air gap 3 < outdoor temperature) (e.g.) Figure 12 As shown, the fan 5 and all the air valves of the vents are opened. Driven by the fan 5, the cooler outdoor air enters through the first vent 61. Part of it enters the air jacket 3 through the third vent 63 and then exchanges heat with the high-light cell 41 and the low-light cell 42 through convection. After that, it is discharged to the outside through the second vent 62, which lowers the temperature of the high-light cell 41 and the low-light cell 42. The other part enters the room through the fifth vent 65 and uses the lower outdoor temperature to cool the room. This reduces the indoor cooling load and improves the indoor air quality. After cooling, the air is discharged to the outside through the sixth vent 66 and the second vent 62.

[0085] Any aspects not covered in this invention are applicable to existing technologies.

Claims

1. A high-concentration, micro-focusing photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall, characterized in that, The wall is composed of a concentrating glass panel (1), a flexible connection (2), an air interlayer (3), a high-efficiency photovoltaic panel (4), a fan (5), a first ventilation opening (61), a second ventilation opening (62), a third ventilation opening (63), a fourth ventilation opening (64), a fifth ventilation opening (65), a sixth ventilation opening (66), and a concrete layer (7); The concentrating glass panel (1) is movably installed in the concrete layer (7) around its perimeter via flexible connections (2), allowing the concentrating glass panel (1) to move within a suitable range; the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel (4) is fixed in the concrete layer (7); there is an air gap (3) between the concentrating glass panel (1) and the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel (4); a fourth ventilation opening (64) is provided at the top of the air gap (3), and a third ventilation opening (63) is provided at the bottom; a first ventilation opening (61), a second ventilation opening (62), a fifth ventilation opening (65), and a sixth ventilation opening (66) are provided on the concrete layer (7); the second ventilation opening (62) is located above the concentrating glass panel (1); the first ventilation opening (61) is located below the concentrating glass panel (1), and a fan (5) is provided at the first ventilation opening (61); the sixth ventilation opening (66) is located above the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel (4); The fifth ventilation opening (65) is located below the high-efficiency photovoltaic panel (4); The first ventilation opening (61), the second ventilation opening (62), the third ventilation opening (63), the fourth ventilation opening (64), the fifth ventilation opening (65), and the sixth ventilation opening (66) are interconnected; each of the first ventilation opening (61), the second ventilation opening (62), the third ventilation opening (63), the fourth ventilation opening (64), the fifth ventilation opening (65), and the sixth ventilation opening (66) is equipped with a damper, which is used to control the opening and closing of the ventilation opening; the sixth ventilation opening (66) is at the same horizontal level as the second ventilation opening (62) and is directly opposite to it; the fifth ventilation opening (65) is at the same horizontal level as the first ventilation opening (61) and is directly opposite to it; The focusing glass plate (1) is composed of a glass substrate (11) and several convex lenses (12); the glass substrate (11) is movably installed in the concrete layer (7) through a flexible connection (2); several convex lenses (12) are arranged on the glass substrate (11) to form an integral structure; several convex lenses (12) are arranged in rows and columns on the glass substrate (11), and adjacent convex lenses (12) are in contact and tangent; the thickness of the air gap (3) is equal to the focal length of the convex lens (12). The high-efficiency photovoltaic panel (4) consists of several high-light type cells (41) and one low-light type cell (42); the low-light type cell (42) is fixed in the concrete layer (7); several high-light type cells (41) are embedded in the low-light type cell (42); the number of high-light type cells (41) is the same as the number of convex lenses (12) and their positions are matched, so that the direct sunlight is refracted by the convex lens (12) and focused on the corresponding high-light type cell (41); the high-light type cell (41) adopts a III-V multi-junction cell and the low-light type cell (42) adopts a perovskite cell.

2. The high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rows and columns include aligned rows and columns and staggered rows and columns.

3. The high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several convex lenses (12) are arranged in an aligned row and column pattern on the glass substrate (11), with the same number of convex lenses (12) in each row and the same number of convex lenses (12) in each column.

4. The high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several convex lenses (12) are arranged in an alternating row pattern on the glass substrate (11); a non-edge convex lens (12) in a non-edge row is tangent to the two convex lenses (12) in the row above it, and at the same time tangent to the two convex lenses (12) in the row below it.

5. The high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible connection (2) can move 0.1~0.15m in one direction.

6. The high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fan is installed in the air gap (3).

7. The high-concentration micro-photovoltaic-thermal integrated wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-light type battery (42) is substrate-shaped; the high-light type battery (41) is circular.

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