Land blowout preventer ram action state acquisition device, black box and monitoring method

Abstract

The application provides a land blowout preventer ram action state acquisition device, a black box and a monitoring method. The land blowout preventer ram action state acquisition device comprises a first shell, a sensing unit and a processing unit which are installed in the first shell, wherein the first shell is configured to be capable of being installed on a ram shaft shell and is provided with a functional hole which is opposite to a ram shaft observation window provided on the ram shaft shell; the sensing unit comprises a video acquisition sensor which is provided in the first shell and is configured to be capable of monitoring the action state of the ram through the functional hole and the ram shaft observation window; and the processing unit is electrically connected with the sensing unit and is capable of processing the information collected by the sensing unit. The black box device can realize the monitoring of the movement state of the ram in the blowout preventer, improve the operation safety guarantee of the blowout preventer and provide historical data support for accident investigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety technology for drilling and production equipment in the petroleum industry, and more specifically, to a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device, black box, and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid global economic development, the ever-increasing demand for oil and gas poses significant challenges to the energy industry. The number of deep and ultra-deep wells under complex geological conditions is increasing, leading to more complex environments and escalating risks and challenges during drilling and production. This necessitates more effective and safer measures to ensure the smooth progress of drilling and production operations and the safety of drilling and production personnel. In drilling operations, in the event of emergencies such as overflows, kicks, or blowouts, operators should immediately issue a shut-in order, and the blowout preventer (BOP) should be activated quickly. Failure of the BOP at this time will result in a blowout, causing equipment damage and personnel casualties. Blowouts are the most dangerous safety accidents in drilling and completion projects. For example, on December 23, 2003, in Gaoqiao Town, Kaixian County, Chongqing, Sichuan Province, a blowout occurred at the Luojia 16 well during drilling operations, causing a large amount of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas to leak from the bottom of the well, poisoning nearby villagers and generating a huge negative social impact.

[0003] Blowout preventers (BOPs) are a critical component of well control equipment, playing a vital safety role in controlling wellhead pressure and shutting off the wellhead. In emergencies requiring drill pipe shearing to close the wellhead, the critical operational status of the shear gate and the full-seal gate is crucial. However, currently, the position of the gate shaft can only be observed by personnel approaching the BOP through the inspection port, posing a significant safety risk. After an accident at the drilling wellhead, the destruction caused by combustion and explosion, and the significant pollution of the site, make it difficult to quickly conduct an on-site investigation, lacking relevant data and hindering accurate analysis of the accident's cause. Having relevant parameters of the on-site facilities and equipment before and after the accident would help personnel conduct a more timely and effective accident investigation, pinpoint the cause, formulate rescue plans, and minimize potential losses. Therefore, this paper proposes developing and utilizing a BOP black box to monitor and collect relevant data, storing real-time status parameters such as oil pressure and flow rate during the BOP's operation. After an accident occurs, reading and analyzing the data in the black box can reconstruct the state of the well control equipment before and after the accident, deduce the accident process, help to quickly investigate and analyze the cause of the accident, formulate reasonable disaster relief and rescue strategies, and at the same time have important guiding significance for the improvement of related technologies.

[0004] In China, the control devices for blowout preventers (BOPs) only have basic status monitoring, and there are no effective monitoring methods for the BOPs themselves. Most problems are only detected manually after an anomaly or malfunction occurs. There is an urgent need to combine digital and sensor technologies with manual maintenance to monitor multiple parameters online, thereby improving the operational safety of high-voltage equipment.

[0005] The existing black box technology for blowout preventer safety monitoring still has the following drawbacks:

[0006] 1. Some designs use position sensors to detect the gate's operating status, but due to the limitations of the blowout preventer's structure, this method cannot accurately detect the gate's closed position, and there is no data during the gate's operation.

[0007] 2. Existing technologies do not involve research on safety monitoring black boxes for land-based blowout preventers. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one of the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art. For example, one objective of this invention is to provide a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device, black box, and monitoring method, which can realize real-time monitoring and data acquisition and storage of the blowout preventer gate operation status, providing safety assurance for emergency response to drilling accidents.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device includes a first housing, and a sensing unit and a processing unit installed within the first housing. The first housing is configured to be mounted on a gate shaft housing and has a functional hole facing a gate shaft observation window located on the gate shaft housing. The sensing unit includes a video acquisition sensor located within the first housing and configured to monitor the gate's operation status through the functional hole and the gate shaft observation window. The processing unit is electrically connected to the sensing unit and can process the information acquired by the sensing unit.

[0011] Alternatively, the processing unit can utilize image processing algorithms to process the information acquired by the sensing unit.

[0012] Alternatively, the first housing may be provided with a partition, which divides the cavity of the first housing into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The processing unit is fixedly connected to the partition and placed in the upper chamber. The lower chamber is provided with a mounting platform, and the video acquisition sensor is fixedly connected to the mounting platform and placed in the lower chamber.

[0013] Alternatively, the acquisition device may further include a direction adjustment unit located in the lower chamber, with its upper end fixedly connected to the partition and its lower end fixedly connected to the mounting platform.

[0014] Optionally, the direction adjustment unit may include a slide, a translation adjustment handle, a rotation adjustment handle, and a locking knob, wherein: the lower end of the rotation adjustment handle is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, the upper end of the translation adjustment handle is fixedly connected to the partition, the slide is installed between the rotation adjustment handle and the translation adjustment handle, and the locking knob is installed on the translation adjustment handle; the rotation adjustment handle is configured to adjust the rotation angle of the sensing unit about the Y-axis, and the translation adjustment handle is configured to allow the sensing unit to translate along the X, Y, and Z axes, wherein the plane containing the X and Y axes is parallel to the surface of the partition, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane containing the X and Y axes.

[0015] Alternatively, the first housing may include an upper cover plate, which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first housing. The upper cover plate is provided with a heat dissipation window. The processing unit includes heat dissipation fins that extend through the heat dissipation window to the outside of the first housing. The first housing includes a bottom plate, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first housing. The functional hole is formed on the bottom plate.

[0016] Optionally, the sensing unit may further include an observation window positioning mechanism and a light supplementation mechanism, wherein: the observation window positioning mechanism includes at least a pair of positioning plates disposed opposite to each other on the inner side of the edge of the functional hole and an adjusting screw fixedly connected to the positioning plates, the adjusting screw being configured to adjust the relative position of the positioning plates and the observation window of the gate shaft; the light supplementation mechanism is disposed in the functional hole, and the light supplementation mechanism is configured to provide a light source for the video acquisition sensor; the video acquisition sensor, the processing unit, and the light supplementation mechanism are interconnected to form a signal acquisition and transmission loop.

[0017] Alternatively, the acquisition device may further include a mounting clamp, which is detachably connected to the first housing, and the first housing can be mounted on the gate shaft housing via the mounting clamp.

[0018] Optionally, the acquisition device may further include a vibration isolation pad disposed between the base plate and the gate shaft housing. The side of the vibration isolation pad that is in contact with the base plate is a flat surface, and the side that is in contact with the gate shaft housing is an arc surface. The vibration isolation pad has a through hole with the same shape and size as the functional hole at the position corresponding to the functional hole.

[0019] Optionally, a front operating hole and a rear operating hole may be provided on two opposite side walls of the first housing, respectively. A front cover plate is installed on the front operating hole, and a front cover plate sealing ring is provided between the front cover plate and the first housing. A rear cover plate is installed on the rear operating hole, and a rear cover plate sealing ring is provided between the rear cover plate and the first housing. The data acquisition device also includes a first explosion-proof plug, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing. The first explosion-proof plug is configured to be able to connect to an external power source to power the data acquisition device.

[0020] Another aspect of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0021] A black box for a land-based blowout preventer, the black box comprising the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device as described above.

[0022] Optionally, the black box may also include a data acquisition and storage device, which can store the data obtained by the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device. The data may include information collected by the sensing unit and / or data processed by the processing unit.

[0023] Optionally, the data acquisition and storage device includes a second housing, a box, a motherboard, a power supply unit, a data acquisition and conversion unit, and a data storage and protection unit. The box includes a bottom plate, the lower end of the second housing is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and a motherboard mounting base is provided on the bottom plate. The motherboard is mounted on the motherboard mounting base. The power supply unit and the data acquisition and conversion unit are both located on the motherboard. The data acquisition and conversion unit is located inside the box, and the data storage and protection unit is located on the second housing. The power supply unit is configured to supply power to the black box, the data acquisition and conversion unit is configured to accept external data input and perform signal acquisition and conversion, and the data storage and protection unit is configured to store the converted data signals. The external data received by the data acquisition and conversion unit includes data input from the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device.

[0024] Optionally, the motherboard may be provided with a first PSD interface socket and a switching socket. The data acquisition and conversion unit includes an acquisition board and a switching board. The acquisition board is plugged into the first PSD interface socket, and the switching board is plugged into the switching socket. The acquisition board is configured to transmit the acquired data signal to the switching board, and the switching board is configured to convert the data signal and transmit it to the data storage and protection unit.

[0025] Optionally, the data acquisition and conversion unit may further include an acquisition plate locking block and an acquisition plate limiting block, wherein the acquisition plate locking block and the acquisition plate limiting block are disposed on the same side of the acquisition plate, and the acquisition plate locking block and the acquisition plate limiting block are configured to cooperate in fixing the acquisition plate in the housing; the data acquisition and conversion unit may further include a first exchange plate locking block, a first exchange plate limiting block, a second exchange plate locking block and a second exchange plate limiting block, wherein the first exchange plate locking block and the first exchange plate limiting block are disposed on one side of the exchange plate, and the second exchange plate locking block and the second exchange plate limiting block are disposed on the other side of the exchange plate, and the first exchange plate locking block, the first exchange plate limiting block, the second exchange plate locking block and the second exchange plate limiting block are configured to cooperate in fixing the exchange plate in the housing.

[0026] Optionally, the motherboard may be provided with a second PSD interface socket. The power supply unit includes a first AC-DC module power supply, a relay, a second AC-DC module power supply, and a power board. The first AC-DC module power supply, the relay, and the second AC-DC module power supply are respectively disposed on the motherboard, and the power board is plugged into the second PSD interface socket.

[0027] Alternatively, the power supply unit may further include a power board locking block and a power board limiting block, the power board locking block and the power board limiting block being disposed on the same side of the power board, and the power board locking block and the power board limiting block being configured to cooperate in fixing the power board in the housing.

[0028] Alternatively, the data storage protection unit may include an outer shell and an inner shell, with the outer shell fitted onto the inner shell, and a data storage protection unit sealing gasket ring provided between the data storage protection unit and the second shell.

[0029] Alternatively, the second housing may be provided with heat sinks configured to dissipate heat from the black box.

[0030] Optionally, the enclosure may further include a top panel, a sealing gasket ring for the top panel, and side panels, wherein: the top panel is mounted on the upper end of the side panels, and the sealing gasket ring is disposed between the top panel and the side panels; the side panels include a front panel, a left side panel fixedly connected to one side of the front panel, a right side panel fixedly connected to the other side of the front panel, and a rear panel opposite to the front panel; the front panel is provided with a data upload aviation connector and a data download aviation connector, the data upload aviation connector being configured to connect to an external device and transmit data to the acquisition board, and the data download aviation connector being configured to connect to an external device and output data from the black box; the rear panel is provided with a grounding post and a carrying handle, the grounding post being configured to connect to the power board, and the carrying handle being configured to allow the black box to be moved portablely.

[0031] Optionally, a sealing gasket ring for the bottom plate of the enclosure may be provided between the bottom plate of the enclosure and the second housing.

[0032] Alternatively, the black box may further include a second explosion-proof plug, which includes an inner terminal and an outer protective shell. The outer protective shell is fitted over the inner terminal, and the second explosion-proof plug is disposed on the second shell. The second explosion-proof plug is configured to connect to an external power source to supply power to the black box.

[0033] Another aspect of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] A method for monitoring the safety of a blowout preventer gate, wherein the method is based on the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device described above, or on the land-based blowout preventer black box described above.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0036] 1. This invention employs a combination of a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device and a land-based blowout preventer black box technology, which enables the monitoring of the gate movement status in the blowout preventer, thereby determining whether the blowout preventer is operating safely, improving the safety assurance of blowout preventer operation, providing blowout preventer operation status information for emergency response, and providing historical data support for accident investigation.

[0037] 2. This invention collects data on the movement state of the gate through a video acquisition sensor, and uses an observation window, a direction adjustment unit, and an observation window positioning mechanism to ensure that the gate's movement state is within the recognition range of the image processing algorithm, thereby enabling the judgment of the gate's movement state, accurately grasping the movement state of the gate blowout preventer, and thus improving the safety assurance of the blowout preventer operation.

[0038] 3. This invention can also connect to pressure sensors, proximity sensors, flow sensors, etc. to collect key parameters of the blowout preventer's operation process and store and protect the data, realizing full-process monitoring of the gate blowout preventer from command to action to execution result. This allows for a more comprehensive and accurate grasp of the gate blowout preventer's movement status, improving the safety of blowout preventer operation. In the long run, the application of the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device and the land blowout preventer black box device can effectively improve the safety of drilling and production sites, ensure the safety of personnel and equipment, and reduce economic losses. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The above and other objects and / or features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0040] Figure 1 A perspective view of a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to an exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention from another angle.

[0042] Figure 3 The front view of the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0043] Figure 4 A perspective view of the data acquisition and storage device in exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown.

[0044] Figure 5(a) shows a cross-sectional view of the data acquisition and storage device in exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5(b) shows a schematic diagram of the mother plate in Figure 5(a).

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the monitoring position of the gate's operation status in the blowout preventer is provided.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] A-Land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device;

[0049] A1000 - First housing, A1100 - Partition, A1200 - Upper chamber, A1300 - Lower chamber, A1400 - Front operating hole, A1500 - Rear operating hole, A1600 - Upper cover, A1610 - Heat dissipation window, A1700 - Front cover, A1800 - Rear cover, A1900 - Bottom plate, A1910 - Functional hole;

[0050] A2000 - Processing unit, A2100 - Heat sink fins;

[0051] A3000 - Direction adjustment unit, A3100 - Translation adjustment handle, A3200 - Rotation adjustment handle, A3300 - Locking knob, A3400 - Slide table;

[0052] A4000 - Mounting Platform;

[0053] A5000 - Sensing unit, A5100 - Video acquisition sensor, A5200 - Observation window positioning mechanism, A5210 - Positioning plate, A5220 - Adjusting screw, A5300 - Light supplementation mechanism;

[0054] A6000 - Vibration isolation pad, A7000 - Mounting clamp, A8000 - First explosion-proof plug;

[0055] B - Data acquisition and storage device;

[0056] B1000 - Second housing, B1100 - Heat sink;

[0057] B2000 - Enclosure, B2100 - Enclosure bottom plate, B2110 - Motherboard mounting base, B2200 - Enclosure top plate, B2300 - Enclosure side plate, B2310 - Enclosure front plate, B2311 - Data upload aviation connector, B2312 - Data download aviation connector, B2320 - Enclosure rear plate, B2321 - Grounding post, B2322 - Handle, B2330 - Enclosure left side plate, B2340 - Enclosure right side plate;

[0058] B3000 - Motherboard, B3100 - First PSD interface socket, B3200 - Switch socket, B3300 - Second PSD interface socket;

[0059] B4000 - Power supply unit, B4100 - First AC-DC module power supply, B4200 - Second AC-DC module power supply, B4300 - Relay, B4400 - Power board, B4500 - Power board locking block, B4600 - Power board limit block.

[0060] B5000 - Data Acquisition and Conversion Unit, B5100 - Acquisition Board, B5200 - Acquisition Board Locking Block, B5300 - Acquisition Board Limiting Block, B5400 - Exchange Board, B5500 - First Exchange Board Locking Block, B5600 - First Exchange Board Limiting Block, B5700 - Second Exchange Board Locking Block, B5800 - Second Exchange Board Limiting Block;

[0061] B6000 - Data storage protection unit, B6100 - Outer shell, B6200 - Inner shell;

[0062] B7000 - Second explosion-proof plug, B7100 - Inner terminal, B7200 - Outer protective shell;

[0063] C-gate shaft assembly;

[0064] C1000 - Gate shaft housing, C1100 - Gate shaft observation window, C2000 - Gate shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0065] In the following sections, the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device, black box, and monitoring method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0066] It should be noted that terms such as "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are merely for ease of description and distinction, and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance. Terms such as "up," "down," "inner," "outer," "front," "back," "left," and "right" are merely for ease of description and to establish relative orientations or positional relationships, and do not indicate or imply that the component referred to must have that specific orientation or position.

[0067] Exemplary Example 1

[0068] This exemplary embodiment provides a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device.

[0069] Figure 1 A perspective view of the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device of exemplary embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. Figure 2This image shows a perspective view from another angle of the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to Exemplary Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This invention provides a front view of a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to Exemplary Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the monitoring position of the gate's operation status for the blowout preventer is provided below. Figures 1-3 as well as Figure 6 The acquisition device in this exemplary embodiment will be described below.

[0070] The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device A may include a first housing A1000, a processing unit A2000, and a sensing unit A5000.

[0071] The first housing A1000 can be installed on the gate shaft housing and has a functional hole A1910. The functional hole A1910 is directly opposite the gate shaft observation window C1100 provided on the gate shaft housing C1000.

[0072] The sensing unit A5000 includes a video acquisition sensor A5100, which is located inside the first housing A1000. The video acquisition sensor A5100 can monitor the operation status of the gate through the functional hole A1910 and the gate shaft observation window C1100.

[0073] The processing unit A2000 is electrically connected to the sensing unit A5000 and can analyze and process the information (such as video signals) collected by the sensing unit A5000.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first housing A1000 may include a partition A1100. The partition A1100 can be fixedly connected to the middle of the first housing A1000 by screws, dividing the first housing A1000 into an upper chamber A1200 and a lower chamber A1300.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first housing A1000 may further include an upper cover plate A1600, a front cover plate A1700, a rear cover plate A1800, and a bottom plate A1900. A front operating hole A1400 and a rear operating hole A1500 may be provided on another set of opposite sidewalls of the first housing A1000.

[0076] The front cover plate A1700 is detachably mounted on the front operating hole A1400 by screws, and the rear cover plate A1800 is detachably mounted on the rear operating hole A1500 by screws.

[0077] A front cover sealing ring is provided at the connection between the front cover plate A1700 and the front operating hole A1400.

[0078] A rear cover sealing ring is provided at the connection between the rear cover plate A1800 and the rear operating hole A1500.

[0079] The base plate A1900 is located at the lower end of the first housing A1000 and can be fixedly connected by screws. The base plate A1900 is provided with a base plate sealing ring at the connection point with the first housing A1000.

[0080] The upper cover plate A1600 can be installed on the upper end of the first housing A1000 by screws. An upper cover plate sealing ring is installed at the connection between the upper cover plate A1600 and the first housing A1000.

[0081] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the first housing A1000 also includes a first explosion-proof plug A8000, which is installed on the side wall of the first housing A1000. It can supply power to the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device A by connecting to an external power source.

[0082] In this embodiment, the processing unit A2000 can be disposed in the upper chamber A1200. The processing unit A2000 can be mounted on the partition A1100 and located in the upper chamber A1200 by screws.

[0083] Furthermore, a heat dissipation window A1610 may be provided in the middle of the upper cover plate A1600. The processing unit A2000 includes heat dissipation fins A2100, which can extend from the heat dissipation window A1610 and be located outside the first housing A1000, so that the processing unit A2000 can achieve good heat dissipation.

[0084] In this embodiment, the processing unit can use image processing algorithms to process the information collected by the sensing unit.

[0085] The image processing algorithm may include binarization methods, the specific details of which are as follows:

[0086] In this invention, the binarization method of image processing algorithms is used, that is, in the gate displacement detection method, the displacement of the target object set on the gate is used to characterize the displacement of the gate. For this purpose, the target object needs to be extracted in order to measure its physical quantities, such as area, perimeter, center point coordinates, etc. However, in a gate image, in addition to the pre-set target object, there is also background and noise. To extract the target object from a gate image with very rich scene information, the most common method is to first convert the gate image into a grayscale image. A grayscale image has 256 brightness levels. A threshold T is set, and the value of T is between 0 and 255. This threshold T is used to divide the image information into two parts: one part is the set of pixels greater than or equal to T, and the other part is the set of pixels less than T. This is the most special way to study grayscale transformation, called image binarization. The transformation method described above is also called the thresholding transformation method. The specific transformation function is shown in formula (1).

[0087]

[0088] The brightness values ​​of pixels in a grayscale image are divided into two parts according to the value of T: 0 and 255. After this transformation, the image contains only black and white colors. Although the color information of the image is reduced, as long as the value of T is properly determined, clear overall and local features of the image can still be obtained in the resulting binarized image.

[0089] If the grayscale value of a specific object (such as the target object in this experiment) in a grayscale image is relatively uniform, and its grayscale value is not at the same level as the background of the grayscale image, that is, the grayscale value of the target object differs significantly from that of the background, then thresholding binarization can achieve good results. The threshold is usually determined by the characteristics of the target object; different target objects correspond to different thresholds, so there is no fixed method for selecting the threshold, and similarly, the thresholding binarization method is also uncertain.

[0090] The main binarization method is thresholding binarization, which includes the following three types:

[0091] ① Global Threshold Binarization. This method uses a single threshold T to binarize the entire image. The threshold T is determined by the image's grayscale histogram. Then, the grayscale value of each pixel is compared with T. Pixels with grayscale values ​​less than T are set to 0 and assigned to the background color, while pixels with grayscale values ​​greater than T are set to 255 and assigned to the foreground color.

[0092] ② Local thresholding binarization method. This method first divides the image into several small sub-regions, performs global thresholding on each sub-region, and then merges the binarized sub-regions to form the entire binarized image.

[0093] ③ Dynamic thresholding binarization. If the grayscale values ​​of background pixels vary greatly, or if the lighting is uneven, different thresholds need to be automatically determined based on the pixel's coordinate position; this is called dynamic thresholding.

[0094] As one implementation method, the present invention can employ any of the three methods described above.

[0095] As another implementation, the present invention can mainly adopt the local threshold binarization method and use the global threshold binarization method as an auxiliary method. Specifically, the edge region of the gate shaft C2000 adopts the local threshold binarization method to divide the image into several small sub-regions, and the global threshold binarization method is adopted in each small sub-region. Finally, they are merged to form the whole binarized image. In addition, the part outside the edge region of the gate shaft C2000 directly adopts the global threshold binarization method.

[0096] In this embodiment, the sensing unit A5000 may include a video acquisition sensor A5100.

[0097] The video acquisition sensor A5100 can be mounted on the lower end of the mounting platform A4000 with screws. The video acquisition sensor A5100 can extend into the functional hole A1910, and the operation status of the gate can be monitored through the functional hole A1910 and the gate shaft observation window. The functional hole A1910 can be opened in the middle of the base plate A1900.

[0098] In this embodiment, the sensing unit A5000 may further include an observation window positioning mechanism A5200.

[0099] The observation window positioning mechanism A5200 can be fixedly connected to the base plate A1900 by screws. The observation window positioning mechanism A5200 may include a positioning plate A5210 and an adjusting screw A5220. The adjusting screw A5220 is installed on the positioning plate A5210, and the positioning plate A5210 is located in the functional hole A1910.

[0100] Furthermore, the observation window positioning mechanism A5200 may include two sets of opposing positioning plates A5210, which are respectively located on both sides of the video acquisition sensor A5100. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of positioning plates A5210 may be one, three, or more. By adjusting the adjusting screw A5220, the positioning plates A5210 can move up and down in the functional hole A1910, and the positioning plates A5210 can extend downward to below the base plate A1900.

[0101] In this embodiment, the sensing unit A5000 may further include a light supplementation mechanism A5300.

[0102] The light supplement mechanism A5300 can be fixedly connected to the base plate A1900 by screws. The light supplement mechanism A5300 can extend to the bottom of the base plate A1900 through the functional hole A1910. In this embodiment, the number of light supplement mechanisms A5300 is two sets that are parallel to each other, but the present invention is not limited to this. The number of light supplement mechanisms A5300 can also be one set, three sets or more.

[0103] Specifically, the light supplement mechanism A5300 employs a low-pressure white light source and a diffuse reflector design. The low-pressure white light source is located inside the diffuse reflector cavity, and it shines through the diffuse reflector into the gate shaft cavity. The light supplement mechanism A5300 can extend into the gate shaft observation window. The inclusion of the light supplement mechanism A5300 facilitates the operation of the video acquisition sensor A5100, obtaining clearer detection data and thus more accurately determining the gate's operating status.

[0104] In this embodiment, the device may further include a direction adjustment unit A3000 and a mounting platform A4000. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the direction adjustment unit A3000, the mounting platform A4000, and the sensing unit A5000 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the lower chamber A1300.

[0105] The direction adjustment unit A3000 can be fixed to the partition A1100 on the opposite side of the processing unit A2000 by screws; that is, the direction adjustment unit A3000 is mounted as shown in the image. Figure 3 The partition A1100 shown is located on the lower side of the lower chamber A1300, and the lower end of the direction adjustment unit A3000 is fixedly connected to the mounting platform A4000 by screws.

[0106] Furthermore, the direction adjustment unit A3000 may include a translation adjustment handle A3100, a rotation adjustment handle A3200, a locking knob A3300, and a slide table A3400. Specifically, the upper end of the translation adjustment handle A3100 is fixedly connected to the partition A1100 by screws. The lower end of the rotation adjustment handle A3200 is fixedly connected to the mounting platform A4000, and the locking knob A3300 is mounted on the translation adjustment handle A3100.

[0107] The slide table A3400 is installed between the translation adjustment handle A3100 and the rotary adjustment handle A3200. The slide table A3400 can be translated along the X, Y, and Z axes under the adjustment of the translation adjustment handle A3100 (here, the X-axis direction is parallel to both the base plate A1900 and the front cover plate A1700, i.e.,...). Figure 3The horizontal direction from left to right or right to left, the Y-axis direction is from the front cover A1700 to the rear cover A1800, that is, perpendicular to... Figure 3 The direction of the Z-axis is perpendicular to the base plate A1900, that is... Figure 3 (Vertical direction from top to bottom or bottom to top), that is to say, the position of the video acquisition sensor A5100 in the X, Y, and Z axes can be adjusted by adjusting the translation adjustment handle A3100.

[0108] Adjusting the rotary adjustment handle A3200 can also adjust the rotation angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 around the Y-axis. In this embodiment, the rotary adjustment handle A3200 is a micrometer screw adjustment rod, which can achieve fine adjustment of the rotation angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 around the Y-axis. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The translation adjustment handle A3100 can also be selected as a micrometer screw adjustment rod, which can also achieve fine adjustment of the position of the video acquisition sensor A5100 in the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0109] After adjusting the position and angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 to the correct position using the translation adjustment handle A3100 and the rotation adjustment handle A3200, the locking knob A3300 can be tightened to fix the position and angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 relative to the lower chamber A1300. This prevents the monitoring field of view and angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 from shifting during monitoring, which would affect the monitoring effect.

[0110] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom plate A1900 is opposite to the other side of the lower chamber (i.e. Figure 1 The bottom plate A1900 can be covered with a vibration isolation pad A6000. The upper surface of the vibration isolation pad A6000 is flat and can fit against the lower surface of the bottom plate A1900. The middle of the lower surface of the vibration isolation pad A6000 is provided with an arc surface. The vibration isolation pad A6000 has a through hole corresponding to the functional hole A1910, with the same size and shape as the functional hole A1910, so that the sensing unit A5000 can extend under the bottom plate A1900 through the functional hole A1910.

[0111] The bottom plate A1900 is on the other side of the lower chamber A1300 (i.e. Figure 1 The lower side of the base plate A1900 is fixedly connected to the mounting clamp A7000 by bolts. The mounting clamp A7000 has a semi-circular arc structure. The mounting space formed by the mounting clamp A7000 and the base plate A1900 can clamp the gate shaft housing in the middle. The arc surface of the lower end face of the mounting clamp A7000 and the vibration isolation pad A6000 can match the gate shaft housing.

[0112] To better understand the above exemplary embodiment 1, the following will be combined with... Figure 1 , 2 The following points, 3 and 6, will further illustrate the installation process and operation of the data acquisition device.

[0113] Clamp the gate shaft assembly C in the installation space between the mounting clamp A7000 and the base plate A1900, and align the gate shaft observation window C1100 and the functional hole A1910. Then, adjust the adjusting screw A5220 to move the two sets of positioning plates A5210 downwards, locking them inside the long side of the gate shaft observation window C1100. The light supplement mechanism A5300 also extends into the gate shaft observation window C1100. Next, adjust the position and angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 so that it extends into the gate shaft observation window C1100. At the same time, ensure that the gate action status detected by the video acquisition sensor A5100 is within the recognition range of the image processing algorithm. Tighten the locking knob A3300 to complete the installation and fixation of the land blowout preventer gate action status acquisition device A and the gate shaft assembly C.

[0114] During the monitoring process of the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device A, the video acquisition sensor A5100, the light supplement mechanism A5300, and the processing unit A2000 are connected by a cable to form a signal acquisition and transmission loop. With the assistance of the light supplement mechanism A5300, the video acquisition sensor A5100 can capture images of the gate shaft C2000's operation status. Figure 6 When the gate shaft C2000 moves to the left to its maximum stroke, it is in the closed state; when the gate shaft C2000 moves to the right to its maximum stroke, it is in the open state. The captured video signal is then transmitted to the processing unit A2000 for analysis and processing via the signal acquisition and transmission loop.

[0115] Exemplary Example 2

[0116] This exemplary embodiment provides a black box for a land blowout preventer, which may include the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device described in Exemplary Embodiment 1, and a data acquisition and storage device.

[0117] In this embodiment, as one implementation of the present invention, the data acquisition and storage device can be a conventional storage device in the art.

[0118] In this embodiment, Figure 4 Figure 5(a) shows a perspective view of the data acquisition and storage device in exemplary embodiment 2 of the present invention, and Figure 5(b) shows a schematic diagram of the motherboard in Figure 5(a). The following is a description of the device in the illustration. Figure 4Figures 5(a) and 5(b) are used to illustrate the data acquisition and storage device of this exemplary embodiment.

[0119] As another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the data acquisition and storage device B includes a second housing B1000, a box B2000, a motherboard B3000, a power supply unit B4000, a data acquisition and conversion unit B5000, a data storage and protection unit B6000, and a second explosion-proof plug B7000.

[0120] In this embodiment, the housing B2000 includes a housing bottom plate B2100, and the second housing B1000 is fixedly connected to the housing bottom plate B2100 by screws. A housing bottom plate sealing gasket ring is provided at the connection between the second housing B1000 and the housing bottom plate B2100.

[0121] The motherboard mounting base B2110 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate B2100 of the enclosure by screws. The motherboard B3000 is detachably connected to the motherboard mounting base B2110. The power supply unit B4000 and the data acquisition and conversion unit B5000 are mounted on the motherboard B3000 by screws. The data acquisition and conversion unit B5000 is located inside the enclosure.

[0122] Furthermore, the data storage protection unit B6000 is mounted on the second housing B1000 with screws. A data storage protection unit sealing gasket is installed at the connection between the data storage protection unit B6000 and the second housing B1000. The data storage protection unit B6000 has a double-layer housing protection structure composed of an outer shell B6100 and an inner shell B6200, which enables the data storage protection unit B6000 to have superior shock resistance and high pressure resistance under harsh outdoor working conditions, and fully protects the monitoring data stored in the data storage protection unit B6000 from being damaged.

[0123] The second explosion-proof plug B7000 is mounted on the second housing B1000 by screws. The second explosion-proof plug B7000 can be connected to an external power source to power the data acquisition and storage device B.

[0124] In this embodiment, the power supply unit B4000 can supply power to the black box; the data acquisition and conversion unit B5000 can accept external data input and perform signal acquisition and conversion, and the received external data includes data input from the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device A; the data storage and protection unit B6000 can store the converted data signal.

[0125] Furthermore, the second housing B1000 is also provided with a heat sink B1100. The heat sink B1100 is located outside the second housing B1000 and can provide good heat dissipation for the data acquisition and storage device B during operation.

[0126] In this embodiment, the motherboard B3000 is provided with a first PSD interface socket B3100, a switch socket B3200, and a second PSD interface socket B3300.

[0127] Furthermore, the data acquisition and conversion unit B5000 includes an acquisition board B5100, an acquisition board locking block B5200, an acquisition board limiting block B5300, an exchange board B5400, a first exchange board locking block B5500, a first exchange board limiting block B5600, a second exchange board locking block B5700, and a second exchange board limiting block B5800. The acquisition board B5100 is inserted into the first PSD interface socket B3100, and the exchange board B5400 is inserted into the exchange socket B3200.

[0128] When the acquisition board B5100 and the switching board B5400 are installed on the first PSD interface socket B3100 and the switching socket B3200 respectively, as shown in Figure 5(a), the acquisition board locking block B5200 is adjusted to the right to move it to the acquisition board limiting block B5300, thereby fixing the position of the acquisition board B5100; the first switching board locking block B5500 is adjusted to the left to move it to the first switching board limiting block B5600, and then the second switching board locking block B5700 is adjusted to the right to move it to the second switching board limiting block B5800, thereby fixing the position of the switching board B5400.

[0129] In this embodiment, the power supply unit B4000 includes a first AC-DC module power supply B4100, a second AC-DC module power supply B4200, a relay B4300, a power board B4400, a power board locking block B4500, and a power board limiting block B4600. The first AC-DC module power supply B4100, the second AC-DC module power supply B4200, and the relay B4300 are directly mounted on the motherboard B3000 with screws. The power board B4400 is plugged into the second PSD interface socket B3300. The power board locking block B4500 and the power board limiting block B4600 are located on the left side of the power board B4400. During installation, the power board locking block B4500 is adjusted to the left until it is positioned at the power board limiting block B4600 to fix the position of the power board B4400.

[0130] Furthermore, the acquisition board B5100, the switching board B5400, and the power supply board B4400 are all located in the enclosure B2000. The enclosure B2000 also includes a top plate B2200 and a side plate B2300. The top plate B2200 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side plate B2300 by screws. A sealing gasket ring for the top plate is provided at the connection between the top plate B2200 and the side plate B2300.

[0131] In this embodiment, the side panel B2300 of the enclosure includes a front panel B2310, a rear panel B2320, a left side panel B2330, and a right side panel B2340. The rear panel B2320 is provided with a grounding post B2321 and a carrying handle B2322. The inner end of the grounding post B2321 is connected to the power board B4400. During the use of the data acquisition and storage device B, the outer end of the grounding post B2321 is connected to the ground wire. The carrying handle B2322 facilitates the portable handling of the data acquisition and storage device B.

[0132] Furthermore, the front panel B2310 of the enclosure is equipped with a data upload aviation connector B2311 and a data download aviation connector B2312. The internal pins of the data upload aviation connector B2311 (not shown in the figure) are inserted into the corresponding soldering holes on the acquisition board B5100 and soldered to fix it. This allows the data signal to be transmitted to the acquisition board B5100 through the data upload aviation connector B2311, and then from the acquisition board B5100 to the switching board B5400. After the switching board B5400 converts the data signal, it is then transmitted to the data storage protection unit B6000 for storage protection.

[0133] Data acquisition and storage device B can be connected to land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device A via data upload aviation connector B2311 to realize the acquisition, conversion and storage of monitoring data signals. Data acquisition and storage device B can be connected to the back-end server via data download aviation connector B2312 to realize online monitoring of the blowout preventer's movement safety status.

[0134] The detailed process of installation and commissioning before use is described below according to the data acquisition device of Exemplary Example 1 or the black box for a land blowout preventer of Exemplary Example 2 as described above:

[0135] The first step is to initially connect the mounting clamp A7000 to the base plate A1900 with bolts without applying pre-tightening force. At this time, the purpose of the bolts is only to prevent the mounting clamp A7000 from falling off the base plate A1900.

[0136] The second step is to place the gate shaft C2000 (i.e., gate shaft assembly C) with the gate shaft housing C1000 fitted on it in the installation space formed by the mounting clamp A7000 and the base plate A1900, and rotate the gate shaft housing C1000 around the axis of the gate shaft C2000 to align the gate shaft observation window C1100 on the gate shaft housing C1000 with the functional hole A1910 on the base plate A1900.

[0137] The third step is to tighten the bolts on the mounting clamp A7000 so that the mounting clamp A7000 is tightly attached to the gate shaft housing C1000, and the arc surface on the vibration isolation pad A6000 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the gate shaft housing C1000.

[0138] Fourth step, adjust the adjusting screw A5220 on the observation window positioning mechanism A5200 so that the positioning piece A5210 moves down to the inner side of the edge of the gate shaft observation window C1100 in the length direction, so that the video acquisition sensor A5100 and the light supplementation mechanism A5300 are aligned with the gate shaft observation window C1100.

[0139] Fifth, connect the external power cord to the first explosion-proof plug A8000 of the processing unit A2000, then connect the computer to the processing unit A2000, and run the computer program to see the real-time image of the video acquisition sensor A5100 on the computer screen.

[0140] Step 6: Based on the real-time image displayed on the computer, through the front operation hole A1400 and the rear operation hole A1500 on the first housing A1000, rotate the translation adjustment handle A3100 in the direction adjustment unit A3000 to adjust the translational degrees of freedom of the video acquisition sensor A5100 in the X, Y, and Z directions. Rotate the rotation adjustment handle A3200 to adjust the rotation angle of the video acquisition sensor A5100 around the Y axis, so that the monitoring screen is within the recognition range of the image processing algorithm.

[0141] Step 7: Tighten the locking knob A3300 in the direction adjustment unit A3000 to fix the relative position of the video acquisition sensor A5100 and the gate shaft housing C1000, thus restricting any relative movement between the video acquisition sensor A5100 and the gate shaft housing C1000.

[0142] Step 8: Fix the front cover plate A1700 to the front operating hole A1400 of the first housing A1000 with screws, and seal the connection between the front cover plate A1700 and the first housing A1000 with the front cover plate sealing ring.

[0143] The rear cover plate A1800 is fixedly connected to the rear operating hole A1500 of the first housing A1000 with screws, and the connection between the rear cover plate A1800 and the first housing A1000 is sealed with a rear cover plate sealing ring.

[0144] Step 9: Plug one end of the connecting cable into the data upload aviation plug B2311 of the data acquisition and storage device B, and connect the other end of the connecting cable to the land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device A, pressure sensor, proximity sensor, and flow sensor respectively. Then connect the external power cable to the second explosion-proof plug of the data acquisition and storage device B, and start the black box device to collect key parameters of the blowout preventer operation process, realizing the whole process monitoring of the gate blowout preventer from command to action to execution result.

[0145] It should be noted that steps one to eight are installation and debugging steps of the acquisition device described in exemplary embodiment 1, and also part of the installation and debugging steps of the black box described in exemplary embodiment 2; step nine is a subsequent installation and debugging step of the black box described in exemplary embodiment 2.

[0146] Exemplary Example 3

[0147] This exemplary embodiment provides a method for monitoring the safety of a blowout preventer gate. The method is based on the land blowout preventer gate action status acquisition device in Exemplary Embodiment 1 above, or on the land blowout preventer black box in Exemplary Embodiment 2 above. The method also applies the binarization method of the image processing algorithm described in Exemplary Embodiment 1 above to process the video images acquired by the sensing unit and to calculate the parameters of the gate action.

[0148] All the connection methods involving screws or bolts mentioned above are connection methods in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and all connection methods involving screws or bolts can also be replaced with other forms of detachable connection.

[0149] In summary, this invention combines a land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device with a land-based blowout preventer black box technology. This enables the monitoring of the gate's movement status within the blowout preventer, thereby determining whether the blowout preventer is operating safely and improving operational safety. Furthermore, it can connect to pressure sensors, proximity sensors, flow sensors, etc., to collect key parameters of the blowout preventer's operation process and store and protect the data. This allows for comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the gate blowout preventer's movement status from command to action to execution result, providing information on the blowout preventer's operation status for emergency response and historical data support for accident investigation.

[0150] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for collecting the operational status of a land-based blowout preventer gate, characterized in that, The data acquisition device includes a first housing, and a sensing unit and a processing unit installed within the first housing, wherein: The first housing is configured to be mounted on the gate shaft housing and has a functional hole facing the gate shaft observation window on the gate shaft housing. The sensing unit includes a video acquisition sensor, which is located inside the first housing. The video acquisition sensor is configured to monitor the action status of the gate through the functional hole and the gate shaft observation window. The processing unit is electrically connected to the sensing unit and can process the information collected by the sensing unit. The first housing is provided with a partition, which divides the cavity of the first housing into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The processing unit is fixedly connected to the partition and placed in the upper chamber. The lower chamber is provided with a mounting platform, and the video acquisition sensor is fixedly connected to the mounting platform and placed in the lower chamber. The acquisition device also includes a direction adjustment unit, which is located in the lower chamber and its upper end is fixedly connected to the partition plate, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the mounting platform.

2. The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direction adjustment unit includes a slide, a translation adjustment handle, a rotation adjustment handle, and a locking knob, wherein: The lower end of the rotary adjustment handle is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, the upper end of the translation adjustment handle is fixedly connected to the partition, the slide is installed between the rotary adjustment handle and the translation adjustment handle, and the locking knob is installed on the translation adjustment handle. The rotary adjustment handle is configured to adjust the rotation angle of the sensing unit about the Y-axis, and the translation adjustment handle is configured to allow the sensing unit to translate along the X, Y, and Z axes. The plane containing the X and Y axes is parallel to the surface of the partition, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane containing the X and Y axes.

3. The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing includes an upper cover plate, which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first housing. The upper cover plate is provided with a heat dissipation window. The processing unit includes heat dissipation fins, which extend through the heat dissipation window to the outside of the first housing. The first housing includes a base plate, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first housing, and the functional hole is formed on the base plate.

4. The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The acquisition device also includes a vibration isolation pad disposed between the base plate and the gate shaft housing. The side of the vibration isolation pad that is in contact with the base plate is a flat surface, and the side that is in contact with the gate shaft housing is an arc surface. The vibration isolation pad has a through hole with the same shape and size as the functional hole at the position corresponding to the functional hole.

5. The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing unit further includes an observation window positioning mechanism and a light supplementation mechanism, wherein: The observation window positioning mechanism includes at least a pair of positioning plates disposed opposite to each other on the inner side of the edge of the functional hole and an adjusting screw fixedly connected to the positioning plates. The adjusting screw is configured to adjust the relative position of the positioning plates and the observation window of the gate shaft. A light supplement mechanism is disposed within the functional aperture, and the light supplement mechanism is configured to provide a light source for the video acquisition sensor. The video acquisition sensor, the processing unit, and the light supplementation mechanism are interconnected to form a signal acquisition and transmission loop.

6. The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing has a front operating hole and a rear operating hole on two opposite side walls. A front cover plate is installed on the front operating hole, and a front cover plate sealing ring is provided between the front cover plate and the first housing. A rear cover plate is installed on the rear operating hole, and a rear cover plate sealing ring is provided between the rear cover plate and the first housing. The data acquisition device also includes a first explosion-proof plug, which is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing. The first explosion-proof plug is configured to be able to connect to an external power source to power the data acquisition device.

7. The land-based blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing unit can use image processing algorithms to process the information collected by the sensing unit.

8. A black box for a land-based blowout preventer, characterized in that, The black box includes a land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device and a data acquisition and storage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the data acquisition and storage device is capable of storing the data obtained by the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device.

9. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data acquisition and storage device includes a second housing, a box, a motherboard, a power supply unit, a data acquisition and conversion unit, and a data storage and protection unit, wherein: The enclosure includes a bottom plate, the lower end of the second shell is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, a motherboard mounting base is provided on the bottom plate, the motherboard is mounted on the motherboard mounting base, the power supply unit and the data acquisition and conversion unit are both located on the motherboard, the data acquisition and conversion unit is located inside the enclosure, and the data storage and protection unit is located on the second shell. The power supply unit is configured to supply power to the black box, the data acquisition and conversion unit is configured to accept external data input and acquire and convert signals, and the data storage and protection unit is configured to store the converted data signals.

10. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The motherboard is provided with a first PSD interface socket and a switching socket. The data acquisition and conversion unit includes an acquisition board and a switching board. The acquisition board is plugged into the first PSD interface socket, and the switching board is plugged into the switching socket. The acquisition board is configured to transmit the acquired data signal to the switching board, and the switching board is configured to convert the data signal and transmit it to the data storage and protection unit. The motherboard is provided with a second PSD interface socket. The power supply unit includes a first AC-DC module power supply, a relay, a second AC-DC module power supply, and a power board. The first AC-DC module power supply, the relay, and the second AC-DC module power supply are respectively installed on the motherboard, and the power board is plugged into the second PSD interface socket.

11. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The data acquisition and conversion unit also includes an acquisition plate locking block and an acquisition plate limiting block. The acquisition plate locking block and the acquisition plate limiting block are located on the same side of the acquisition plate and are configured to cooperate to fix the acquisition plate in the housing. The data acquisition and conversion unit further includes a first exchange plate locking block, a first exchange plate limiting block, a second exchange plate locking block, and a second exchange plate limiting block. The first exchange plate locking block and the first exchange plate limiting block are disposed on one side of the exchange plate, and the second exchange plate locking block and the second exchange plate limiting block are disposed on the other side of the exchange plate. The first exchange plate locking block, the first exchange plate limiting block, the second exchange plate locking block, and the second exchange plate limiting block are configured to cooperate in fixing the exchange plate in the housing.

12. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The power supply unit also includes a power board locking block and a power board limiting block, which are located on the same side of the power board and configured to cooperate in fixing the power board in the housing.

13. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The data storage protection unit includes an outer shell and an inner shell, with the outer shell fitted onto the inner shell. A data storage protection unit sealing gasket ring is provided between the data storage protection unit and the second shell.

14. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second housing is provided with heat sinks, which are configured to dissipate heat from the black box.

15. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The enclosure also includes a top panel, a sealing gasket ring for the top panel, and side panels, wherein: The top panel of the enclosure is installed on the upper end of the side panel of the enclosure, and the sealing gasket ring of the top panel is located between the top panel and the side panel of the enclosure. The side panels of the enclosure include a front panel, a left side panel fixedly connected to one side of the front panel, a right side panel fixedly connected to the other side of the front panel, and a rear panel opposite to the front panel. The front panel of the enclosure is equipped with a data upload aviation connector and a data download aviation connector. The data upload aviation connector is configured to connect to an external device and transmit data to the acquisition board, and the data download aviation connector is configured to connect to an external device and output data from the black box. The rear panel of the enclosure is equipped with a grounding post and a carrying handle. The grounding post is configured to connect to the power board, and the carrying handle is configured to allow the black box to be moved easily.

16. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 9, characterized in that, A sealing gasket ring for the bottom plate of the box and the second shell are provided between the bottom plate of the box and the second shell.

17. The black box for a land-based blowout preventer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The black box also includes a second explosion-proof plug, which includes an inner terminal and an outer protective shell. The outer protective shell is fitted over the inner terminal, and the second explosion-proof plug is disposed on the second shell. The second explosion-proof plug is configured to connect to an external power source to supply power to the black box.

18. A method for safety monitoring of a blowout preventer gate, characterized in that, The method for monitoring the safety of the blowout preventer gate is based on the land blowout preventer gate operation status acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or based on the land blowout preventer black box according to any one of claims 8 to 17.

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