Fabricated steel-functional gradient material mixed pipe light fan tower

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated steel-functionally graded material (FGM) hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower, comprising, from top to bottom: a steel pipe tower, a FGM tower, and a steel monopile. The top surface of the FGM tower is above the historical highest wave line elevation, while the steel monopile is below the natural horizon. The FGM tower is composed of two or more composite materials. This invention utilizes FGM to optimize the overall performance of the lightweight wind turbine tower, resulting in higher compressive strength, higher elastic modulus, and lighter weight. It also prevents corrosion and durability degradation of internal metal materials, thus extending the service life of the wind turbine tower. The simple connection structure between tower segments effectively improves the efficiency of prefabricated construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering, and more specifically, to a prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid tube lightweight wind turbine tower column. Background Technology

[0002] Wind turbines can be divided into onshore wind turbines and offshore wind turbines depending on the installation area. Compared with onshore wind turbines, offshore wind turbines have advantages such as high wind speed, stable wind force and vast space, and have huge development potential for large-scale offshore wind turbine construction.

[0003] To improve the power generation and energy conversion efficiency of offshore wind turbines, the current global trend in offshore wind turbine construction is to place the turbines at higher altitudes to obtain higher wind speeds and longer energy collection times. However, this inevitably leads to an increase in the height of the turbine towers, which in turn increases the wind load on the tower structure. Coupled with the high loading frequency during the service life and the corrosion of the marine environment, the design of ultra-high wind turbine towers faces new technical challenges. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a building material with excellent mechanical and durability properties to meet the construction requirements of ultra-high offshore wind turbine towers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of poor mechanical and durability performance of high-altitude offshore wind turbines mentioned in the background art, this invention provides a prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid tube lightweight wind turbine tower column, thus solving the problems of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] A prefabricated steel-functionally graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column comprises, from top to bottom: a steel pipe tower column, a functionally graded material tower column, and a steel monopile column. The top surface of the functionally graded material tower column is located above the historical highest wave line elevation, and the steel monopile column is located below the natural horizon. The functionally graded material of the functionally graded material tower column is composed of two or more composite materials.

[0007] Furthermore, the metallic materials include steel, nickel, tungsten, etc.; the non-metallic materials include ceramics, glass fiber, plastics, concrete, etc.; and the alloys include aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, etc.

[0008] Furthermore, the composition and microstructure of the functionally graded material column exhibit a gradient change along the column thickness direction, with the outer side of the functionally graded material column mainly composed of alloy or non-metallic materials and the inner side mainly composed of metallic materials.

[0009] Furthermore, the composition of the functionally graded material tower column varies in a gradient along the height of the tower column, with the upper connecting part mainly composed of metal materials, the middle part mainly composed of alloy or non-metallic materials, and the lower connecting part mainly composed of metal materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the functionally graded material column exhibits a gradient change along both the height and thickness of the column, and the gradient change can be either a continuous gradient change or a discontinuous gradient change.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter and tube ring thickness of the functionally graded material column gradually decrease with increasing height.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the upper tube ring to its height in the functionally graded material tower column is 1:8 to 1:12, the ratio of the diameter of the lower tube ring to its height is 1:6 to 1:10, and the wall thickness of the functionally graded material tower column is 30-150 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the functionally graded material tower column adopts a prefabricated construction method, which is composed of multiple whole-ring functionally graded material cylindrical segments vertically spliced ​​together. The cylindrical segments are connected vertically by one or more of the following methods: welding, bolting, threaded connection, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper end of the functionally graded material tower column has the same outer diameter as the steel pipe tower column, and the lower end of the functionally graded material tower column has the same outer diameter as the steel monopile tower column.

[0015] Furthermore, the functionally graded material tower column is connected to the steel pipe tower column and the steel monopile tower column by one or more of the following methods: welding, flange connection, bolt connection, threaded connection, etc.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) The Functionally Gradient Materials (FGM) used in this invention are a new type of composite material composed of two or more materials with a continuous gradient change in composition and microstructure. The proportion of each component material can change with the internal position of the component. Compared with traditional composite materials, it can more effectively connect two incompatible materials and reduce residual stress and thermal stress at the interface, eliminate stress singularity at interface intersections and stress free endpoints, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the component.

[0018] (2) In terms of structural stress, functional graded materials have better mechanical properties than traditional steel. Therefore, the steel-functional graded material hybrid wind turbine tower column formed by combining functional graded materials and steel has higher compressive strength, elastic modulus and lighter self-weight than traditional steel wind turbine tower columns. This can greatly increase the design height of the wind turbine tower column. Therefore, the steel-functional graded material hybrid wind turbine tower column can obtain higher wind speed and longer energy collection time, and improve the conversion efficiency of wind energy.

[0019] (3) In terms of structural durability, the alloy or non-metallic material on the outside of the steel-functional graded material hybrid wind turbine tower column has extremely high density, which can effectively prevent water vapor and chloride ion penetration and avoid corrosion and durability deterioration of the internal metal material; at the same time, the steel-functional graded material hybrid tower column has better fatigue resistance in marine environment than traditional steel pipe tower column, which can effectively improve the service life of existing offshore wind turbine tower columns.

[0020] (4) In terms of structural assembly, compared with traditional steel pipe wind turbine tower columns, the steel-functional graded material hybrid wind turbine tower column of the present invention can reduce the cross-sectional size due to its lightweight and high strength, thus simplifying the construction of prefabricated assembly segments and reducing the self-weight of prefabricated assembly segments, which facilitates their transportation and on-site hoisting; in addition, the connection structure between the segments of the steel-functional graded material hybrid tower column is simple, which can effectively improve the efficiency of assembly construction.

[0021] (5) In terms of connection, the steel-functional graded material hybrid tower column of the present invention is continuously transitioned along the height direction. The upper and lower ends of the functional graded material tower column are mainly made of metal materials, which can reduce the connection difficulty and improve the interface connection strength, reduce the residual stress and thermal stress of the connection interface, which is conducive to the connection between it and the upper steel pipe tower column and the lower steel monopile, and ensure the integrity of the tower column. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 : A structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated steel-functional graded material lightweight wind turbine tower column;

[0023] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the cross-section of a steel monopile of a prefabricated steel-functional graded material lightweight wind turbine tower column;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of a prefabricated steel-functional graded material lightweight wind turbine tower column;

[0025] In the image: 1. Steel pipe tower column; 2. Functionally graded material tower column; 3. Steel monopile column; 4. Historical highest wave line; 5. Natural horizon; 6. Wind turbine blade. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application; however, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] refer to Figure 1-3 This invention provides an embodiment of a prefabricated steel-functionally graded material (FJDM) hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower, comprising, from top to bottom: wind turbine blades 6, a steel pipe tower 1, a FJDM tower 2, and a steel monopile 3. The top surface of the FJDM tower 2 is located above the historical highest wave line 4, and the steel monopile 3 is located below the natural horizon 5. The FJDM tower 2 is made of a metal-ceramic FJDM composite. The composition and microstructure of the FJDM tower 2 exhibit a continuous gradient change along the tower thickness and height. The outer side of the FJDM tower 2 is predominantly ceramic, while the inner side is predominantly metal. The upper connecting part is predominantly metal, the middle part is predominantly ceramic, and the lower connecting part is predominantly metal.

[0029] The diameter and tube ring thickness of the functionally graded material (FGM) tower column 2 gradually decrease with increasing height. The ratio of the upper tube ring diameter to its height is 1:10, and the ratio of the lower tube ring diameter to its height is 1:8. The tube wall thickness of the FGM tower column 2 is 50 mm at the upper end and 120 mm at the lower end. The upper end of the FGM tower column 2 has the same outer diameter as the steel pipe tower column 1, and the lower end has the same outer diameter as the steel monopile tower column.

[0030] Functionally graded material (FGM) tower column 2 is constructed using a prefabricated method, consisting of multiple seamless FGM cylindrical segments vertically spliced ​​together, with bolts connecting the segments vertically. FGM tower column 2 is also bolted to steel pipe tower column 1 and steel monopile tower column.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] refer to Figure 1-3This invention provides an embodiment of a prefabricated steel-functionally graded material (FJDM) hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower, which, from top to bottom, comprises: wind turbine blades 6, a steel pipe tower 1, a FJDM tower 2, and a steel monopile 3. The top surface of the FJDM tower 2 is located above the historical highest wave line 4, and the steel monopile 3 is located below the natural horizon 5. The FJDM tower 2 is made of a metal-ceramic FJDM composite. The composition and microstructure of the FJDM tower 2 exhibit a continuous gradient change along the tower thickness and height. The outer side of the FJDM tower 2 is predominantly ceramic, while the inner side is predominantly metal. The upper connecting part is predominantly metal, the middle part is predominantly ceramic, and the lower connecting part is predominantly metal.

[0033] The diameter and tube ring thickness of the functionally graded material (FGM) tower column 2 gradually decrease with increasing height. The ratio of the upper tube ring diameter to its height is 1:12, and the ratio of the lower tube ring diameter to its height is 1:10. The tube wall thickness of the FGM tower column 2 is 30mm at the upper end and 100mm at the lower end. The upper end of the FGM tower column 2 has the same outer diameter as the steel pipe tower column 1, and the lower end has the same outer diameter as the steel monopile tower column.

[0034] Functionally graded material (FGM) tower column 2 is constructed using a prefabricated method, consisting of multiple seamless FGM cylindrical segments vertically spliced ​​together, with the segments connected vertically by welding. FGM tower column 2 is also welded to steel pipe tower column 1 and steel monopile tower column.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] An embodiment of the present invention is provided for reference. Figure 1-3 This invention provides an embodiment of a prefabricated steel-functionally graded material (FJDM) hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower, which, from top to bottom, comprises: wind turbine blades 6, a steel pipe tower 1, a FJDM tower 2, and a steel monopile 3. The top surface of the FJDM tower 2 is located above the historical highest wave line 4, and the steel monopile 3 is located below the natural horizon 5. The FJDM tower 2 is made of a metal-ceramic FJDM composite. The composition and microstructure of the FJDM tower 2 exhibit a continuous gradient change along the tower thickness and height. The outer side of the FJDM tower 2 is predominantly ceramic, while the inner side is predominantly metal. The upper connecting part is predominantly metal, the middle part is predominantly ceramic, and the lower connecting part is predominantly metal.

[0037] The diameter and tube ring thickness of the functionally graded material (FGM) tower column 2 gradually decrease with increasing height. The ratio of the upper tube ring diameter to its height is 1:8, and the ratio of the lower tube ring diameter to its height is 1:6. The tube wall thickness of the FGM tower column 2 is 50mm at the upper end and 150mm at the lower end. The upper end of the FGM tower column 2 has the same outer diameter as the steel pipe tower column 1, and the lower end has the same outer diameter as the steel monopile tower column.

[0038] Functionally graded material (FGM) tower column 2 is constructed using a prefabricated method, consisting of multiple seamless FGM cylindrical segments vertically spliced ​​together, with the segments connected vertically by welding. FGM tower column 2 is also welded to steel pipe tower column 1 and steel monopile tower column.

[0039] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column, characterized in that, From top to bottom, it includes: a steel pipe tower column, a functionally graded material tower column, and a steel monopile column. The top surface of the functionally graded material tower column is located above the historical highest wave line elevation, and the steel monopile column is located below the natural horizon. The functionally graded material of the functionally graded material tower column is composed of two or more composite materials. The functionally graded material (FJT) tower column is composed primarily of alloy or non-metallic materials on the outer side and primarily of metallic materials on the inner side. The composition and microstructure of the FJT tower column exhibit a gradient change along the thickness direction of the tower column. The upper connecting part of the FJT tower column is primarily metallic, the middle part is primarily alloy or non-metallic, and the lower connecting part is primarily metallic. The composition of the FJT tower column exhibits a gradient change along the height direction of the tower column.

2. The prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallic materials include steel, nickel, and tungsten; the non-metallic materials include ceramics, glass fiber, plastics, and concrete; and the alloys include aluminum alloys and titanium alloys.

3. The prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functionally graded material column exhibits a gradient change along both the height and thickness of the column, and the gradient change can be either a continuous gradient change or a discontinuous gradient change.

4. The prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter and tube ring thickness of the functionally graded material column gradually decrease with increasing height.

5. A prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the upper tube ring to its height in the functionally graded material tower column is 1:8 to 1:12, and the ratio of the diameter of the lower tube ring to its height is 1:6 to 1:

10. The wall thickness of the functionally graded material tower column is 30-150 mm.

6. A prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functionally graded material tower column adopts a prefabricated construction method, which is composed of multiple whole-ring functionally graded material cylindrical segments vertically spliced ​​together. The cylindrical segments are connected vertically by one or more of the following methods: welding, bolting, threaded connection, etc.

7. A prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the functionally graded material tower column has the same outer diameter as the steel pipe tower column, and the lower end of the functionally graded material tower column has the same outer diameter as the steel monopile tower column.

8. A prefabricated steel-functional graded material hybrid lightweight wind turbine tower column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functionally graded material tower column is connected to the steel pipe tower column and the steel monopile tower column by one or more of the following methods: welding, flange connection, bolt connection, and threaded connection.

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