Biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiation heating / cooling system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of bionic fractal dendritic radiation heat exchange system, containing air side heat exchanger, throttling device, heat preservation water tank, fractal dendritic heat exchanger etc..When hot water is prepared by refrigerant circulation system, refrigerant flows out from compressor outlet, enters water side heat exchanger coil, condenses through throttling device, then enters air side heat exchanger, absorbs heat to become low pressure gas, then enters compressor, completes a cycle.When chilled water is prepared by refrigerant circulation system, refrigerant flows out from compressor outlet, enters air side heat exchanger, condenses through throttling device, then enters water side heat exchanger coil, absorbs heat to become low pressure gas, then enters compressor, completes a cycle.Bionic fractal tree divides building indoor into several subareas, each subarea can work independently without mutual interference, realizes the high flexibility and autonomous control of refrigeration / heat supply.When a certain area needs cold / heat, corresponding subarea will start and provide required cold / hot water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat transfer, and more particularly to a biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating / cooling system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] Heat exchangers are among the most important components in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, and their performance directly affects the performance of the entire system. Research on heat exchangers has always been a very active research direction in the field of heat transfer systems. In recent years, bionics, using organisms as its research object, has greatly improved human adaptability and ability to modify nature by referencing and simplifying the external structure, functional behavior, and regulatory mechanisms of organisms and applying them to engineering practice, generating significant socio-economic benefits. Based on the surface morphology and functions of organisms, the application of bionic theory to enhance heat transfer and reduce flow drag has shown remarkable results. Many researchers, inspired by the widespread phenomena of enhanced heat and mass transfer in nature and the non-smooth surface structures of organisms, have simulated these phenomena in the structural design of heat exchangers, achieving good results in enhancing heat transfer and reducing drag.

[0003] Fractals are geometric shapes that possess self-similarity, meaning that each part of the shape is similar to the whole. In nature, we can observe many fractal structures, such as tree branches, fern leaves, and the textures of rocks on mountains. The design inspiration for biomimetic fractal structures comes from these natural fractals, mimicking their geometric features and growth patterns to create new engineering and design applications.

[0004] Fractal tree-like channels, constructed based on fractal theory, feature compact structure, good heat transfer uniformity, and low pressure loss. In refrigeration and air conditioning systems, fractal tree structures can increase surface area, improving heat transfer efficiency and fluid distribution uniformity. In power transmission lines and pipeline networks, biomimetic fractal structures can be used to optimize the layout and branching of these networks. In materials science and nanotechnology, the principles of fractal geometry can be used to design and manufacture nanoscale materials with unique properties and structures, such as superhydrophobic surfaces, high-efficiency filter membranes, and high specific surface area adsorbents. In architecture and urban planning, biomimetic fractal structures can be applied to optimize building shapes, ventilation system design, and the layout of urban roads and transportation networks. In electronic devices and communication systems, fractal structures offer advantages such as wide bandwidth, increased receiver sensitivity, and reduced size; they can also be used to optimize circuit layout and signal transmission paths, improving system performance and anti-interference capabilities.

[0005] In existing radiant heating and cooling air conditioning systems, the radiant terminal devices generally adopt a coil or capillary structure. When the fluid (chilled water or hot water) radiates heat into the building through the radiant terminal, the pressure drop of the fluid is relatively large, resulting in high water pump power consumption for the entire radiant heating and cooling air conditioning system, which directly affects the performance of the air conditioning system. At the same time, once the radiant terminal using coils or capillary tubes is installed, it cannot be moved, which also affects the radiant heat transfer effect and reduces the thermal comfort of the people in the room. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention discloses a biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating / cooling structure system and its operating method. It utilizes a biomimetic fractal tree as the radiant terminal for heating / cooling. Through the design of the biomimetic fractal tree structure, it is movable, easy to install, low-cost, has low flow resistance, and low water pump power consumption, thereby reducing initial investment and saving operating costs.

[0007] The refrigerant circulation system includes a compressor, an air-side heat exchanger, a throttling device, and an insulated water tank. A coil is installed inside the insulated water tank.

[0008] When the refrigerant circulation system produces hot water, the refrigerant flows out from the compressor outlet, enters the water-side heat exchanger coil, condenses, passes through the throttling device, and then enters the air-side heat exchanger, absorbs heat and becomes low-pressure gas, and then enters the compressor to complete one cycle.

[0009] When the refrigerant circulation system produces chilled water, the refrigerant flows out from the compressor outlet, enters the air-side heat exchanger, condenses, passes through the throttling device, and then enters the water-side heat exchanger coil, absorbs heat and becomes low-pressure gas, and then enters the compressor to complete one cycle.

[0010] The water circulation system includes an insulated water tank, a circulating water pump, a biomimetic fractal tree structure, a solenoid valve, a water distributor, and a water collector. Water in the insulated water tank is pumped to the water distributor by the circulating water pump. After passing through the water distributor, the water enters the biomimetic fractal tree structure for heat dissipation, then flows back to the water collector, and finally returns to the water tank.

[0011] The biomimetic fractal tree's appearance design is inspired by tree trunk branches, employing a two- or multi-level fractal branching structure, with water inlet and outlet pipes installed inside the trunk.

[0012] The biomimetic fractal tree divides the building's interior into several zones, each capable of operating independently without interfering with others, achieving a high degree of flexibility and autonomous control in cooling / heating. When a certain area requires cooling / heating, the corresponding zone will activate and provide the necessary hot / cold water.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] 1. In the device of the present invention, a biomimetic fractal tree is used as the radiating terminal for heating / cooling. Through the design of the biomimetic fractal tree structure, it is movable, easy to install, low in cost, has low flow resistance, and low water pump power consumption, which can reduce initial investment and save operating costs.

[0015] 2. In the device of this invention, the biomimetic fractal tree structure has the characteristic of multi-level branches, which allows heat to be evenly distributed to each small branch. This uniform heat dissipation can ensure the thermal balance of the entire system and avoid local overheating or uneven cooling.

[0016] 3. In the device of the present invention, since each partition is independent, if one partition fails or needs maintenance, the other partitions can still work normally without affecting the operation of the entire system, thus improving the reliability and stability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiative heat exchange system;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a biomimetic fractal tree structure;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a biomimetic fractal tree;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the biomimetic fractal tree structure;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial planar structural diagram of the first-order branching of a biomimetic fractal tree. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating structure includes: an air heat exchanger 1, a compressor 2, a throttling device 3, a condenser 4, a variable frequency water pump 5, an insulated water tank 6, a variable frequency water pump 7, a biomimetic fractal tree 8, a central processing unit 9, a metal pipe 10, an outlet loop 11, an inlet loop 12, a primary water distributor 13, a primary water collector 14, a secondary water distributor 16, a secondary water collector 20, a solenoid valve 15, a solenoid valve 17, a solenoid valve 18, a solenoid valve 19, a solenoid valve 22, a solenoid valve 23, a temperature sensor 21, and metal fins 24.

[0024] The outlet of the throttling device 3 is connected to the inlet of the air-side heat exchanger 1. The outlet of the air-side heat exchanger 1 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 2. The outlet of the compressor 2 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 4. The outlet of the condenser 4 is connected to the inlet of the throttling device, forming a refrigerant circulation system. A variable frequency water pump 5 is connected to the condenser 4 via a heat exchanger. The outlet of the variable frequency water pump 5 is connected to the insulated water tank 6. The variable frequency water pump 7 is connected to the insulated water tank 6, and its other end is connected to the inlet of the primary water distributor 13. The outlet of the primary water distributor 13 is connected to the solenoid valve 22. The outlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the secondary water distributor 16. The outlet of the secondary water distributor 16 is connected to the solenoid valve 19. The outlet of the solenoid valve 19 is connected to a water pipe. The other end of the water pipe is connected to the solenoid valve 17. The outlet of the solenoid valve 17 is connected to the secondary water collector 20. The secondary water collector 20 is connected to a water pipe. The water pipe is connected to the solenoid valve 23. The water pipe at the outlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the primary water collector 14. The water pipe at the outlet of the primary water collector 14 is connected to the insulated water tank 6.

[0025] The biomimetic fractal tree-like heat exchanger's bifurcation structure follows fractal theory, where L and W are the length and height of the Y-shaped fractal fins, respectively, and α is the bifurcation angle. Assume each fin segment can be considered a rectangle, and that the number of bifurcations is N (N≥2), with n being the number of bifurcation stages. Let l... k w k These represent the length and width of the k-th bifurcated rib, respectively. k+1 w k+1 These represent the length and width of the (k+1)th level bifurcation fin (fin thickness is assumed to be the pipe diameter), with a bifurcation angle of α. Y-shaped diversion channel l k ,w k The value range of is (0.2, 5), and the value range of the bifurcation angle is (10°, 90°).

[0026] This device includes an air-side heat exchanger 1, a compressor 2, a throttling device 3, a condenser 4, a variable frequency water pump 5, and a biomimetic fractal tree 8. The refrigerant in the air-side heat exchanger 1 is supplied by the throttling device 3. The refrigerant evaporates and is drawn into the compressor 2. Through the action of the compressor 2, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant increase, and the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant enters the condenser 4. After heat exchange with the condenser, the cooled refrigerant returns to the throttling device 3 and re-enters the air-side heat exchanger 1. Water undergoes heat exchange during this process and flows into the insulated water tank 6 via the variable frequency water pump 5. In the water tank, the water is pumped by the variable frequency water pump 7 into the biomimetic fractal tree 8 for further heat exchange. The biomimetic fractal tree has a branched design, allowing for better heat dissipation. Water flows along the branch structure, transferring heat to the environment through heat exchange. In the branch structure, the water first enters a primary branching structure and then passes through a primary water distributor 13, dividing the water into four branches. Each branch has independent control and does not interfere with each other. Then, the water continues to flow to the secondary branching structure and branches through the secondary distributor 16. Finally, the water flows through the branch ends and returns to the secondary collector 20. Along the path of the secondary branching structure, the water returns to the primary distributor 13 and finally to the insulated water tank 6. This process constitutes a cycle for the entire zone. Through the air-side heat exchanger, compressor, condenser, and biomimetic fractal tree, heat is absorbed, transferred, and dissipated, thereby enabling the operation of the heating and cooling system.

[0027] The operation method of the biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating or cooling structure system in this implementation case:

[0028] Temperature sensor 21 in a certain zone receives a temperature signal. The central controller 9 processes the signal. If the temperature is lower than the preset value Δt1, variable frequency water pumps 5 and 7 start working, the solenoid valve connected to this branch opens, and the other solenoid valves close. When the received signal temperature is within the set range, variable frequency water pump 5 and variable frequency water pump 7 stop working, and the solenoid valves close.

[0029] The technical means disclosed in this invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. A biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating / cooling system, characterized in that: The system consists of an air-side heat exchanger (1), a compressor (2), a throttling device (3), a condenser (4), a variable frequency water pump (5), an insulated water tank (6), a variable frequency water pump (7), and a biomimetic fractal tree (8). The outlet of the throttling device (3) is connected to the inlet of the air-side heat exchanger (1), the outlet of the air-side heat exchanger (1) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (2), the outlet of the compressor (2) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (4), and the outlet of the condenser (4) is connected to the inlet of the throttling device (3), forming a refrigerant circulation system. The condenser (4) is connected to the variable frequency water pump (5) for heat exchange, and the outlet of the variable frequency water pump (5) is connected to the insulated water tank. The tank (6), the variable frequency water pump (7) and the insulated water tank (6) are connected; the water enters the bionic fractal tree (8) through the variable frequency water pump (7) for heat exchange; the bionic fractal tree (8) adopts a first-level or second-level branching structure, and the branching structure adopts a symmetrical or asymmetrical structure; when the bionic fractal tree (8) includes a second-level branching structure, a first-level water distributor (13) and a second-level water distributor (16) are arranged in sequence on the trunk of the bionic fractal tree (8). The water first enters the first-level branching structure and passes through the first-level water distributor (13), which divides the water into four branches; each branch has independent control and will not interfere with each other; The water continues to flow to the secondary branching structure and branches through the secondary distributor (16); finally, the water flows through the end of the branch and returns to the secondary collector (20); along the path of the secondary branching structure, the water returns to the primary collector (14) and finally returns to the insulated water tank (6); this process is a cycle of the entire zone; the outlet of the primary distributor (13) is connected to the first solenoid valve (22), the outlet of the first solenoid valve (22) is connected to the secondary distributor (16), the outlet of the secondary distributor (16) is connected to the second solenoid valve (19), the water passes through the second solenoid valve (19) along the branch to the end for heat dissipation, and then returns to the third solenoid valve (17), the outlet of the third solenoid valve (17) is connected to the secondary collector (20), the secondary collector (20) is connected to the water pipe, the water pipe is connected to the fourth solenoid valve (23), the outlet water pipe on the fourth solenoid valve (23) is connected to the primary collector (14), and the outlet water pipe on the primary collector (14) is connected to the insulated water tank (6).

2. The biomimetic fractal tree-like radiant heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic fractal tree (8) has an inlet pipe (12) and a return pipe (11) inside its trunk.

3. The biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating / cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each branch has a sensor (21) at its end, and each branch has a large number of metal fins (24).

4. Operation method of a biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating / cooling structure system, characterized in that: The biomimetic fractal tree-shaped radiant heating / cooling system described in claim 1 is used. A temperature sensor in a certain zone receives a temperature signal, and the central controller processes the signal. If the temperature is lower than the preset value Δt1, variable frequency water pump one and variable frequency water pump two start working, the solenoid valve connected to this branch opens, and the other solenoid valves close. When the received signal temperature is within the set range, variable frequency water pump one and variable frequency pump two stop working, and the solenoid valves close.

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