High-voltage initiation circuit of in-line fuze based on non-steady-state circuit

Abstract

The application provides a high-voltage initiating circuit of in-line fuze based on a non-steady-state circuit, comprising two same high-voltage initiating components, wherein the high-voltage initiating component is composed of a time base circuit, a discrimination circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, an ignition control circuit, a linear voltage stabilizing power supply, a dynamic switch circuit, a high-voltage transformer, a voltage dividing circuit, an initiating circuit and a trigger circuit; the input end of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected with the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the ignition control circuit and the voltage dividing circuit respectively, and the output end is connected with the dynamic switch circuit; the output end of the high-voltage transformer is connected with the dynamic switch circuit and the initiating circuit respectively; the output end of the initiating circuit is connected with the voltage dividing circuit; and the input end and the output end of the trigger circuit are connected with the ignition control circuit and the initiating circuit respectively. The application has the advantages of simplicity and practicability, small size, less components, low cost, high reliability, good versatility, strong anti-interference ability and high use value, and redundancy design is adopted to improve the reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuze systems, and more specifically to a high-voltage initiation circuit for an inline fuze based on an astable circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Future warfare demands increasingly higher reliability and safety from fuze systems. Inline fuzes, compared to traditional mechanical and electromechanical fuzes, offer superior reliability, safety, and testability. Currently, inline fuzes typically employ a single high-voltage initiation circuit, meaning that failure of any key component can lead to the failure of the entire inline fuze. Furthermore, in special environments with high temperatures and overloads, or when long-distance ignition is required, the initiation component and safety control component must be separated, and dual high-voltage initiation components must be used to improve fuze reliability. The safety control component and the initiation component transmit ignition, voltage boost, and feedback signals via cables. The technical solutions adopted include: 1) The dynamic frequency signal generated by the safety control component is transmitted via cable and directly drives the dynamic switch of the high-voltage initiation component; feedback and ignition signals are transmitted via analog signals; 2) The dynamic frequency signal generated by the safety control component is transmitted via cable and then identified by the high-voltage initiation component software. The software then drives the dynamic switch, and the ignition signal is transmitted via software encoding.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of a single high-voltage initiation circuit and the need for independent design of the initiation component and safety control component in special application environments, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN107478112A discloses a highly reliable inline fuze and its control method. This solution includes a safety control component, a high-voltage initiation component, and a pulse discharge circuit. The high-voltage initiation component is electrically connected to the safety control component; the high-voltage initiation component is electrically connected to the pulse discharge circuit; and the safety control component is connected in parallel with two sets of high-voltage initiation components. This solution employs a safety control component to independently control two sets of high-pressure detonation components. Through a dual-redundancy design, it reduces the risk of a single fuse component failure leading to the overall failure of the fuse system. Although this solution separates the high-pressure detonation component from the safety control component, conforms to fuse safety design, adapts to special application environments, and improves testability, the design of this high-pressure detonation component is not yet fully general-purpose. It cannot be used for safety performance testing without the safety control component, and the detonation component has not yet been fully developed into a component-level general-purpose component with independent functions. While the software-controlled high-pressure detonation component has good scalability and can achieve function changes and fault locking, the universal testability of the detonation component is low, and different fuse detonation components use different communication protocols, lacking universality and hindering generalization, modularization, and low-cost design.

[0004] If the high-voltage initiation assembly is equipped with a dynamic energy switch that can isolate energy, the dynamic frequency signal will produce waveform distortion when transmitted over a long distance. Directly driving the dynamic switch will lead to increased loss or the peak value of the drain-source waveform exceeding the device's tolerance range, which will easily damage the dynamic switch. If a dynamic switch with high withstand voltage is used, it will be large in size and expensive, which is not conducive to achieving low-cost and miniaturized design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a high-voltage initiation circuit for an inline fuse based on an astable circuit.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] A high-voltage initiation circuit for an inline fuse based on an astable circuit includes two identical high-voltage initiation components. Each high-voltage initiation component consists of a time base circuit, a discrimination circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, an ignition control circuit, a linear regulated power supply, a dynamic switching circuit, a high-voltage converter, a voltage divider circuit, an initiation circuit, and a triggering circuit.

[0008] The input terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected to the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the ignition control circuit and the voltage divider circuit respectively, and the output terminal is connected to the dynamic switch circuit.

[0009] The output terminal of the high-voltage converter is connected to the dynamic switching circuit and the detonation circuit, respectively.

[0010] The output terminal of the initiation circuit is connected to the voltage divider circuit.

[0011] The input and output terminals of the triggering circuit are respectively connected to the ignition control circuit and the detonation circuit;

[0012] The linear regulated power supply and the high-voltage converter are respectively connected to the power supply.

[0013] The ignition control circuit is connected to the ignition signal;

[0014] The dynamic switching circuit is negatively connected to the power supply.

[0015] The voltage divider circuit outputs a modulated voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal.

[0016] The discrimination circuit is connected to the dynamic frequency signal;

[0017] The linear regulated power supply provides power to the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the pulse width modulation circuit, and the ignition control circuit, respectively.

[0018] The discrimination circuit consists of a differentiating circuit, an operational amplifier, and a startup circuit, with the operational amplifier and startup circuit connected sequentially after the differentiating circuit.

[0019] The dynamic switching circuit is an N-channel MOSFET.

[0020] The high-voltage converter is a planar magnetic core ER series high-frequency transformer.

[0021] The detonation circuit consists of a high-voltage pulse capacitor, an impact detonator, and a field-controlled thyristor. ， One end of the high-voltage pulse capacitor is connected to one end of the impact detonator, and the other end is connected to one end of the field-controlled thyristor. The other end of the impact detonator is connected to the other end of the field-controlled thyristor.

[0022] The pulse width modulation circuit includes a low-power, low-offset voltage comparator and a feedback circuit connected to the low-power, low-offset voltage comparator.

[0023] The ignition control circuit is a low-power dual voltage comparator.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The sawtooth wave amplitude generated by the timer circuit is higher than that of ordinary power control chip, that is, the difference between high and low levels is large, the noise margin is large, the low level amplitude is relatively high relative to the low potential, and the anti-interference ability is strong.

[0026] 2. The drive waveform output by the pulse width modulation circuit can avoid false triggering of the dynamic switch due to external interference, and avoid increased dynamic switch loss and damage to the dynamic switch due to small pulse width signal waveform distortion during long-distance transmission.

[0027] 3. The present invention adopts a redundant design to improve reliability, and a single high-pressure detonation component can be used as an independent module;

[0028] 4. The circuit protection measures of this invention are well designed. When the externally input dynamic frequency signal is abnormally high or low for an extended period, it will not boost the voltage or damage the dynamic switch. Continuous discharge can be performed without turning off the dynamic switch frequency.

[0029] 5. As a universal detonation module circuit, this invention has a simple interface signal form, can adapt to different fuse usage requirements, and has good versatility;

[0030] 6. The inline fuze high-pressure initiation circuit of the present invention is implemented by hardware circuit, which does not require software development, and has a small number of components, making it easy to achieve modular and low-cost design;

[0031] 7. This invention can prevent overvoltage from causing high voltage breakdown and false triggering of detonation energy when the external fuse safety control component outputs abnormally or fails, and can discharge more than 1,000 times without turning off the dynamic switch. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inline high-voltage detonation circuit for a fuse based on an astable circuit according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto:

[0034] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of a high-voltage initiation circuit for an inline fuse based on an astable circuit according to the present invention. The high-voltage initiation circuit for an inline fuse based on an astable circuit includes two identical high-voltage initiation components. Each high-voltage initiation component consists of a time base circuit, a discrimination circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, an ignition control circuit, a linear regulated power supply, a dynamic switching circuit, a high-voltage converter, a voltage divider circuit, an initiation circuit, and a triggering circuit.

[0035] The frequency of the time base circuit is set to 69kHz, and the jitter frequency is ±2kHz. The time base circuit generates a sawtooth wave signal in the astable operating mode.

[0036] Technical benefits: The sawtooth wave amplitude generated by the timer circuit is higher than that of ordinary power control chips, meaning there is a large difference between high and low levels, resulting in greater noise tolerance, higher low-level amplitude relative to low potential, and stronger anti-interference capability.

[0037] The input terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected to the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the ignition control circuit and the voltage divider circuit respectively, and the output terminal is connected to the dynamic switch circuit.

[0038] The output terminal of the high-voltage converter is connected to the dynamic switching circuit and the detonation circuit, respectively.

[0039] The output terminal of the initiation circuit is connected to the voltage divider circuit.

[0040] Working principle and technical effect: The voltage output by the high-voltage pulse capacitor in the detonation circuit is divided by the voltage divider circuit, which generates a modulation voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal. The modulation voltage signal is input to the pulse width modulation circuit, and the generated feedback voltage signal is connected to the external safety control components.

[0041] The input and output terminals of the triggering circuit are respectively connected to the ignition control circuit and the detonation circuit;

[0042] Working principle and technical effects: The trigger circuit uses a driver circuit, which converts the pulse signal received from the ignition control circuit into a square wave signal. The trigger circuit can convert the pulse output signal of the ignition control circuit into a square wave drive signal with a rise time of less than 100ns.

[0043] The linear regulated power supply and the high-voltage converter are respectively connected to the power supply.

[0044] The ignition control circuit is connected to the ignition signal;

[0045] The dynamic switching circuit is negatively connected to the power supply.

[0046] The voltage divider circuit outputs a modulated voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal.

[0047] Working principle and technical effects: The voltage divider circuit outputs two feedback voltage signals. One signal is sent to the safety control component via a connecting cable, and the other is sent to the high-voltage detonation circuit for feedback control, stabilizing the output voltage. The feedback voltage signal generated by the voltage divider circuit inside the high-voltage detonation component is sent out via the connecting cable. The external safety control component can flexibly control the output voltage of the high-voltage detonation module component based on the feedback voltage, allowing the high-voltage detonation component to be made into a universal circuit.

[0048] The discrimination circuit is connected to the dynamic frequency signal;

[0049] The linear regulated power supply provides power supply voltage to the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the pulse width modulation circuit and the ignition control circuit respectively;

[0050] Technical benefits: It can output multiple different DC voltage values ​​according to the needs of the internal circuit; it has a fast response speed, low output ripple, and low noise during operation.

[0051] The discrimination circuit consists of a differentiating circuit, an operational amplifier, and a startup circuit, with the operational amplifier and startup circuit connected sequentially after the differentiating circuit.

[0052] Working principle and technical effect: The dynamic frequency signal is modulated by the differentiating circuit and the operational amplifier to generate a signal. This signal is input to the pulse width modulation circuit through the start-up circuit. The start-up circuit causes the square wave signal output by the pulse width modulation circuit to slowly increase from 0% duty cycle to the maximum duty cycle set by the low power consumption and low offset voltage comparator of the pulse width modulation circuit, thereby reducing the starting current of the high voltage converter.

[0053] The dynamic switching circuit is an N-channel field-effect transistor;

[0054] Technical effect: The detonation circuit provides dynamic energy isolation during high-voltage detonation.

[0055] The high-voltage converter is a planar magnetic core ER series high-frequency transformer;

[0056] The ER series high-frequency transformers using planar magnetic cores have advantages such as low loss, high output power, wide operating frequency range, low temperature rise, stable performance, small size, and light weight.

[0057] The detonation circuit consists of a high-voltage pulse capacitor, an impact detonator, and a field-controlled thyristor. One end of the high-voltage pulse capacitor is connected to one end of the impact detonator, and the other end is connected to one end of the field-controlled thyristor. The other end of the impact detonator is connected to the other end of the field-controlled thyristor.

[0058] Technical benefits: The high-voltage pulse capacitor can store and release high-voltage pulse charges, generate high-voltage pulses during discharge, maintain charge stability during storage, and withstand high voltages.

[0059] The pulse width modulation circuit consists of a low-power, low-offset voltage comparator and a feedback circuit. The pulse width modulation circuit includes a low-power, low-offset voltage comparator and a feedback circuit connected to the low-power, low-offset voltage comparator.

[0060] Working Principle and Technical Effects: The low-power, low-offset voltage comparator in the pulse width modulation circuit has overvoltage protection. When external safety control components participate in feedback control, the comparator does not operate. When the external safety control components lose their feedback voltage signal control, the comparator starts operating and continuously outputs a stable voltage. The amplitude of the output signal is controlled by changing the pulse width. In the pulse width modulation circuit, the low-power, low-offset voltage comparator first compares the sawtooth wave signal from the time base circuit with the signal after duty cycle discrimination to obtain a modulation signal. The modulation signal is then compared with the signal after voltage division by the voltage divider network, finally obtaining the square wave drive signal to drive the high-voltage converter. The square wave signal is compared with the voltage value set by the low-power, low-offset voltage comparator. If the feedback voltage is greater than the voltage value set by the comparator, the comparator outputs a low level, the dynamic switching circuit does not conduct, and the high-voltage converter stops working. When the feedback voltage is lower than the voltage value set by the comparator, the comparator outputs a high level, the dynamic switching circuit conducts, and the high-voltage converter operates. The dynamic switching circuit cycles on and off, ensuring a stable voltage output from the high-voltage converter.

[0061] The ignition control circuit is a low-power dual voltage comparator.

[0062] Working principle and technical effect: When the amplitude of the ignition signal received by the low-power dual voltage comparator is greater than the comparison amplitude set by the low-power dual voltage comparator, the low-power dual voltage comparator outputs two low-level pulse signals. One low-level pulse signal is input to the trigger circuit for shaping, and the other low-level pulse signal is input to the pulse width modulation circuit, making the modulation circuit signal of the pulse width modulation circuit low level. This causes the high-voltage pulse capacitor of the detonation circuit to shut off the output of the high-voltage converter at the moment of discharge. After the high-voltage pulse capacitor has finished discharging, the high-voltage converter resumes operation and outputs voltage again, achieving the effect of protecting the discharge unit and avoiding the high-voltage converter from operating in a short-circuit state while discharging.

[0063] The working principle of this invention is as follows: After the positive and negative power supplies of high-voltage detonation assembly I or high-voltage detonation assembly II are connected, the time base circuit generates a sawtooth wave signal in the absence of steady-state operation mode and inputs it to the pulse width modulation circuit. The identification circuit receives the dynamic frequency signal, and the dynamic frequency signal identified by the identification circuit is input to the pulse width modulation circuit. The pulse width modulation circuit modulates the sawtooth wave signal and the dynamic frequency signal through the feedback circuit of the pulse width modulation circuit to generate a square wave signal. The square wave signal drives the dynamic switching circuit to conduct, causing the high-voltage converter to boost the voltage. The feedback circuit maintains the highest voltage value of the boosted high-voltage converter at the set voltage value. The high voltage generated by the high-voltage converter charges the high-voltage pulse capacitor in the detonation circuit. When the amplitude of the ignition signal received by the ignition control circuit is greater than its set comparison amplitude, the ignition control circuit outputs a low-level pulse signal. The pulse signal output by the ignition control circuit is input to the trigger circuit. The trigger circuit shapes the pulse signal and drives the field-controlled thyristor to conduct rapidly, so that the high-voltage pulse capacitor completes the discharge detonation.

[0064] The low-power, low-offset voltage comparator inside the high-voltage initiation assembly has overvoltage protection. During implementation in a certain application system, it prevents overvoltage from causing high-voltage breakdown and mis-triggering the output of detonation energy when the fuse safety control component outputs abnormally or fails. It can discharge more than 1000 times without shutting down the dynamic switch. The ignition current reaches 2kA in 250ns using a 120mm long, 0.2mm² cross-sectional area tinned copper wire. This invention features a simple and practical circuit design, small size, fewer components, lower component cost, high reliability, good versatility, and high practical value.

Claims

1. A high-voltage initiation circuit for an inline fuse based on an astable circuit, characterized in that: It includes two identical high-voltage detonation assemblies, each consisting of a time base circuit, a discrimination circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, an ignition control circuit, a linear regulated power supply, a dynamic switching circuit, a high-voltage converter, a voltage divider circuit, a detonation circuit, and a trigger circuit. The input terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected to the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the ignition control circuit and the voltage divider circuit respectively, and the output terminal is connected to the dynamic switch circuit. The output terminal of the high-voltage converter is connected to the dynamic switching circuit and the detonation circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the initiation circuit is connected to the voltage divider circuit. The input and output terminals of the triggering circuit are respectively connected to the ignition control circuit and the detonation circuit; The linear regulated power supply and the high-voltage converter are respectively connected to the power supply. The ignition control circuit is connected to the ignition signal; The dynamic switching circuit is negatively connected to the power supply. The voltage divider circuit outputs a modulated voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal. The discrimination circuit is connected to the dynamic frequency signal; The linear regulated power supply provides power to the time base circuit, the discrimination circuit, the pulse width modulation circuit, and the ignition control circuit, respectively.

2. The inline high-voltage detonation circuit based on an astable circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The discrimination circuit consists of a differentiating circuit, an operational amplifier, and a startup circuit, with the operational amplifier and startup circuit connected sequentially after the differentiating circuit.

3. The inline high-voltage detonation circuit based on an astable circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic switching circuit is an N-channel MOSFET.

4. The inline high-voltage detonation circuit based on an astable circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage converter is a planar magnetic core ER series high-frequency transformer.

5. The inline high-voltage detonation circuit based on an astable circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation circuit consists of a high-voltage pulse capacitor, an impact detonator, and a field-controlled thyristor. ， One end of the high-voltage pulse capacitor is connected to one end of the impact detonator, and the other end is connected to one end of the field-controlled thyristor. The other end of the impact detonator is connected to the other end of the field-controlled thyristor.

6. The in-line high-voltage detonation circuit based on an astable circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse width modulation circuit includes a low-power, low-offset voltage comparator and a feedback circuit connected to the low-power, low-offset voltage comparator.

7. The in-line high-voltage detonation circuit based on an astable circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition control circuit is a low-power dual voltage comparator.

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