Oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device and flowability parameter measurement method

Abstract

This application discloses a simulation device for the gathering and transportation process of oil well produced fluid and a method for measuring flow parameters. The device includes: a simulation vessel with an insulation layer on its outer wall; a disturbance component inside the simulation vessel; a water storage chamber connected to the simulation vessel via a water pipeline, with a water storage valve on the pipeline; a gas storage chamber connected to the simulation vessel via a gas pipeline, with a gas storage valve on the pipeline; a rotary drive device for rotating the simulation vessel to drive the disturbance component, thereby promoting fluid movement within the simulation vessel; a temperature control module; a vibration viscosity measuring device located inside the simulation vessel, positioned below the fluid surface during simulation to measure the apparent viscosity of the fluid; and an environmental parameter detection device. This application can comprehensively consider various situations to achieve realistic simulation and prediction of various flow parameters during the gathering and transportation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This article relates to, but is not limited to, a field of oil surface engineering technology, and particularly to, but is not limited to, a device for simulating the gathering and transportation process of produced fluids from oil wells and a method for measuring flow parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Oil well produced fluid is typically a three-phase mixture of oil, gas, and water. Before being transported to a combined treatment station (or dehydration station) for processing, it undergoes changes in temperature, pressure, shear force, and composition. The pour point and viscosity of crude oil are closely related to this transportation process. The petroleum industry standard SY / T 0541-2009, "Determination of Pour Point of Crude Oil," requires preheating the oil sample before testing the pour point: "Preheat the oil sample to 50℃±1℃, or preheat the oil sample according to user requirements." However, the standard does not list specific user requirements or suggested practices, and besides considering temperature, it completely ignores pressure changes, compositional changes, and shear force changes during pipeline transportation. Therefore, designing a method for accurately simulating oil well produced fluid has become a pressing technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] This application discloses an oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device, which measures the flow parameters of the oil field produced fluid by simulating the oil field produced fluid gathering and transportation process in order to predict the changes in the flow parameters of the oil field produced fluid during the gathering and transportation process.

[0005] This application provides a device for simulating the production fluid gathering and transportation process in oil wells, characterized in that it includes:

[0006] The simulation vessel has an outer wall with an insulation layer to prevent the fluid inside the vessel from diffusing energy to the outside. The simulation vessel also has a disturbance component inside to disturb the fluid inside the vessel.

[0007] A water storage chamber is connected to the simulation vessel via a water supply pipe. A water storage valve is also installed on the water supply pipe to control the opening and closing of the water supply pipe. The water storage chamber is used to store the hot water to be filled into the simulation vessel and the water released from the bottom of the simulation vessel. The water storage chamber is located at the bottom of the simulation vessel.

[0008] A gas storage chamber is connected to the simulation vessel via a gas supply pipe. A gas storage valve is also installed on the gas supply pipe to control the opening and closing of the gas supply pipe. The gas storage chamber is used to store the gas released from the top of the simulation vessel and is located at the top of the simulation vessel.

[0009] A rotary drive device is used to rotate the simulated vessel to drive the disturbance component to rotate, thereby causing the disturbance component to drive the fluid inside the simulated vessel to move.

[0010] A temperature control module is attached to the inner wall of the simulation vessel. The temperature control module is used to heat or cool the fluid in the simulation vessel to adjust the temperature of the fluid in the simulation vessel.

[0011] A vibration viscosity measuring device is installed inside a simulation vessel. During the simulation process, the vibration viscosity measuring device is positioned below the fluid surface to measure the apparent viscosity of the fluid.

[0012] An environmental parameter detection device is installed inside a simulation vessel. The environmental parameter detection device is used to detect environmental parameter information inside the simulation vessel. The environmental parameter detection device includes a temperature detection device and a pressure detection device.

[0013] In one embodiment provided in this application, the simulated vessel is cylindrical in shape; the rotary drive device is a rotary motor, which is connected to the bottom of the simulated vessel via bearings.

[0014] In one embodiment provided in this application, the disturbance element is an impeller, which is used to promote the up-and-down turbulence of fluid inside the simulated vessel.

[0015] In one embodiment provided in this application, both the water storage valve and the air storage valve are solenoid valves, and a control module is also included. The water storage valve, the air storage valve, the temperature adjustment module, the rotary drive device, the vibration viscosity measuring device, the temperature detection device, and the pressure detection device are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0016] In one embodiment provided in this application, the water storage chamber is further provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the simulation vessel is further provided with an oil valve.

[0017] In one embodiment provided in this application, the temperature regulation module is a semiconductor cooler and a semiconductor heater.

[0018] In one embodiment provided in this application, the vibration viscosity measuring device includes a first viscosity measuring vibrating plate and a second viscosity measuring vibrating plate.

[0019] On another front, this application provides a method for measuring the flowability parameters of oilfield produced fluids, including:

[0020] Determine the current wellhead simulated heating type, and determine the working status of each component in the simulation device according to the wellhead simulated heating type. The wellhead simulated heating type includes any one or more of wellhead hot water mixing, wellhead gas furnace heating, or wellhead electric heating.

[0021] The simulated heating type at the wellhead is hot water mixing. The water storage valve is opened to allow the hot water stored in the storage chamber to flow into the simulated vessel. The mass of the hot water is calculated using a mass calculation formula. The mass calculation formula is: Among them, M m,w The mass of the injected hot water; M m,L To simulate the mass of the liquid phase in the reactor; G p,W The mass flow rate of the produced fluid from the oil well without added water is obtained by reading data from field instruments; G p,L The actual mass flow rate of the hot water added on-site was obtained by reading the on-site instruments; the temperature of the hot water injected into the simulation reactor was the same as the temperature of the actual hot water added on-site.

[0022] Alternatively, the wellhead simulation heating type is wellhead gas heating, the temperature control module is turned on and set to the first heating mode to heat the fluid in the simulation vessel; the heating power of the temperature control module is calculated using the first heating power formula, which is: Among them, W m,g,h For the first heating power, η p,h For the efficiency of the wellhead gas furnace; h g Q represents the calorific value of the gas used in the wellhead gas furnace. p,g The volumetric flow rate of the gas consumed by the wellhead gas furnace; η m,h The heating efficiency of the temperature control module;

[0023] Alternatively, the wellhead simulation heating type is wellhead electric heating, the temperature control module is turned on and set to the second heating mode to heat the fluid in the simulation vessel; the heating power of the temperature control module is calculated using the second heating power formula, and the first heating power formula is: Among them, W m,e,h For the second heating power, η p,e For the efficiency of wellhead electric heating; W m,e The power of the wellhead electric heating; η m,h For semiconductor heating efficiency;

[0024] The total time for simulating pipe shearing is calculated using the time calculation formula and then divided into a preset number of time periods J. total The time calculation formula is as follows: Among them, t total For the total time, L Pd is the actual pipe length. P v is the actual inner diameter of the pipe. P Q represents the average flow velocity of the fluid inside the actual pipe. P This represents the actual volumetric flow rate of the fluid within the pipe.

[0025] Start the first and second viscosity measuring plates and record the first apparent viscosity η of the first viscosity measuring plate. a0 The second apparent viscosity η of the second vibrating plate b0 The initial consistency coefficient K0 and non-Newtonian behavior index n0 of the fluid are calculated using the consistency coefficient formula and the non-Newtonian behavior index formula. The non-Newtonian behavior index formula is as follows: The shear force of the first vibrating plate is constant at τ. a The shear force of the second vibrating plate is constant at τ. b The consistency coefficient formula is as follows: or

[0026] Turn on the rotary drive to rotate the simulated vessel. Record the first apparent viscosity η aj Second apparent viscosity η bj Within the j-th time period, the corresponding fluid consistency coefficient K is calculated. j Non-Newtonian Behavior Index n j ;

[0027] The apparent viscosity of the fluid at the actual pipe wall under shear rate conditions is calculated using the fluid apparent viscosity formula; the fluid apparent viscosity formula is:

[0028] In one embodiment provided in this application, the method for measuring the fluidity parameters of the oilfield produced fluid uses the aforementioned oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device.

[0029] In one embodiment provided in this application, during the opening of the rotary drive device to rotate the simulated vessel, the torque M of the motor in the rotary drive device during the j-th time period is... m,j It is calculated using the following formula:

[0030] Among them, h m r represents the height of the simulated vessel. m K represents the inner diameter of the simulated vessel. j-1 n is the fluid consistency coefficient measured during the (j-1)th time interval; j-1 The fluid non-Newtonian behavior index is measured during the (j-1)th time period.

[0031] In one embodiment provided in this application, the preset quantity J total It is 50.

[0032] In one embodiment provided in this application, the measurement method further includes:

[0033] Open the gas storage valve to control the pressure in the gas storage chamber to decrease in steps according to a preset number of time periods. The pressure value P for the k-th time period is calculated using the pressure calculation formula. k The pressure calculation formula is as follows: Among them, the initial pressure of the P0 gas storage chamber;

[0034] The rotary drive device is started, and the temperature control module is activated to perform a cooling operation. The temperature control module is configured in cooling mode with a cooling power of W. m,s,c It is calculated using the following formula: Among them, K p D is the overall heat transfer coefficient from the pipe to the soil. p T represents the actual outer diameter of the pipe. 0,P These are the actual pipeline starting points; T soil G represents the actual soil temperature. p v represents the actual mass flow rate of the fluid within the pipe. p c represents the actual flow velocity of the fluid inside the pipe. p η represents the specific heat capacity of the fluid inside the actual pipe. m,c For semiconductor cooling efficiency;

[0035] When the total time t is reached total When necessary, shut down the rotary drive, temperature control module, and gas storage valve;

[0036] Adjust the pressure in the gas storage chamber to the actual pressure in the three-phase separator, then open the gas storage chamber valve; this will rapidly reduce the pressure in the simulation vessel and the amount of gas dissolved in the liquid phase, and then close the gas storage chamber valve.

[0037] Open the water storage chamber valve to drain the free water at the bottom, then close the water storage chamber valve.

[0038] The rotary drive device is activated to rotate the simulated vessel at high speed to simulate the high-intensity shearing of the pump at the water transfer station; the formula for the motor speed in the rotary drive device is as follows: The formula for the duration of the motor in the rotary drive device is as follows: In the formula for the rotational speed of the electrode in a rotary drive device, n m t represents the motor speed. pump For the duration, n p r is the actual rotational speed of the centrifugal pump. pr is the actual impeller radius of the centrifugal pump. m To simulate the inner diameter of the vessel; V pump Q represents the actual volume of the centrifugal pump chamber. pump This refers to the actual centrifugal pump displacement.

[0039] The above steps are used to simulate the temperature changes, pressure changes, composition changes, and shearing processes of oil well produced fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline, and to predict the inlet temperature and pressure of the transfer station or combined station, as well as the fluid flow parameters of the actual pipeline.

[0040] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The flowability parameter measurement method in this application embodiment accurately simulates the temperature changes, pressure changes, composition changes, and shearing processes experienced by the produced fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline indoors. It can measure the flowability parameters of the produced fluid online to predict the changes in the flowability parameters of the produced fluid during the gathering and transportation process. It can comprehensively consider various situations to realize the simulation of real conditions and the prediction of various parameters during the process.

[0042] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. Other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the methods described in the description. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] Reference numerals: 11. Simulation vessel; 21. Water storage chamber; 22. Water storage valve; 31. Temperature regulating device; 41. First viscosity measuring vibrating plate; 42. Second viscosity measuring vibrating plate; 51. Rotation drive device; 61. Gas storage chamber; 62. Gas storage valve; 13. Disturbing component; 14. Insulation layer; 15. Environmental parameter detection device; 71. Oil valve. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application are described in detail below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0047] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Reference numerals: 11. Simulation vessel; 21. Water storage chamber; 22. Water storage valve; 31. Temperature regulating device; 41. First viscosity measuring vibrating plate; 42. Second viscosity measuring vibrating plate; 51. Rotation drive device; 61. Gas storage chamber; 62. Gas storage valve; 13. Disturbing component; 14. Insulation layer; 15. Environmental parameter detection device; 71. Oil valve.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides an oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device, which includes:

[0051] The simulation vessel 11 has an outer wall with an insulation layer 14, which is used to prevent the fluid inside the simulation vessel 11 from diffusing energy to the outside of the simulation vessel 11; the simulation vessel 11 also has a disturbance element 13, which is used to disturb the fluid inside the simulation vessel 11.

[0052] A water storage chamber 21 is connected to the simulation vessel 11 via a water supply pipe. A water storage valve 22 is also provided on the water supply pipe. The water storage valve 22 is used to control the opening and closing of the water supply pipe. The water storage chamber 21 is used to store the hot water to be filled into the simulation vessel 11 and the water released from the bottom of the simulation vessel. The water storage chamber 21 is located at the bottom of the simulation vessel 11.

[0053] A gas storage chamber 61 is connected to the simulation vessel 11 via a gas supply pipe. A gas storage valve 62 is also provided on the gas supply pipe. The gas storage valve 62 is used to control the opening and closing of the gas supply pipe. The gas storage chamber 61 is used to store the gas to be filled into the simulation vessel 11. The gas storage chamber 61 can also be used to store the gas released from the top of the simulation vessel 11. The gas storage chamber 61 is located on the upper part of the simulation vessel 11.

[0054] A rotary drive device 51 is used to rotate the simulated vessel 11 to drive the disturbance component 13 to rotate, thereby causing the disturbance component 13 to promote the movement of fluid inside the simulated vessel 11.

[0055] A temperature regulation module is attached to the inner wall of the simulation vessel 11. The temperature regulation module is used to heat or cool the fluid in the simulation vessel 11 to adjust the temperature inside the simulation vessel 11.

[0056] A vibration viscosity measuring device is installed inside the simulation vessel 11. During the simulation process, the vibration viscosity measuring device is located below the fluid surface to measure the apparent viscosity of the fluid.

[0057] An environmental parameter detection device 15 is installed inside the simulation vessel 11. The environmental parameter detection device 15 is used to detect environmental parameter information inside the simulation vessel 11. The environmental parameter detection device 15 includes a temperature detection device and a pressure detection device.

[0058] The aforementioned water storage chamber 21, gas storage chamber 61, temperature adjustment module, vibration viscosity measuring device, rotary drive device 51, and environmental parameter detection device 15 accurately simulate the temperature changes, pressure changes, composition changes, and shearing processes experienced by the produced fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline. It can measure the fluidity parameters of the produced fluid online, including consistency coefficient, non-Newtonian behavior index, and apparent viscosity, to predict the changes in fluidity parameters of the produced fluid during the gathering and transportation process.

[0059] More preferably, the simulated vessel 11 is cylindrical in shape; the rotary drive device 51 is a rotary motor, which is connected to the bottom of the simulated vessel 11 via bearings.

[0060] More preferably, the disturbance element 13 is an impeller, which is used to promote the up-and-down turbulence of the fluid in the simulated vessel 11.

[0061] More preferably, both the water storage valve 22 and the air storage valve 62 are solenoid valves, and a control module is also included. The water storage valve 22, the air storage valve 62, the temperature regulation module, the rotary drive device 51, the vibration viscosity measuring device, the temperature detection device, and the pressure detection device are all electrically connected to the control module. By adopting the above-mentioned electrical connection method, automatic simulation can be achieved, improving the overall degree of automation simulation. Furthermore, a storage module can be provided to store the obtained parameters.

[0062] More preferably, the water storage chamber 21 is also provided with a water inlet, and the simulation vessel 11 is also provided with an oil valve 71. Users can inject water into the water storage chamber 21 through the water inlet, and can also inject oil into the simulation vessel 11 through the oil valve 71.

[0063] More preferably, the temperature regulation module is a semiconductor cooler and a semiconductor heater.

[0064] More preferably, the vibration viscosity measuring device includes a first viscosity measuring vibrating plate 41 and a second viscosity measuring vibrating plate 42.

[0065] The water storage chamber 21 is connected to the simulation vessel 11 via water pipes and a water storage valve 22; the temperature regulating device 31 is attached to the inner wall of the simulation vessel 11; the vibration viscosity measuring device is installed on the inner wall of the simulation vessel 11 and is positioned below the fluid level; the rotary drive device 51 is connected to the bottom of the simulation vessel 11 via bearings; and the gas storage chamber 61 is connected to the simulation vessel 11 via a gas pipe and a gas storage valve 62. Furthermore, the insulation layer 14 is attached to the simulation vessel 11 to ensure that all the cooling / heating generated by the temperature regulating device 31 is transferred to the fluid inside the vessel, rather than being transferred to the surrounding environment through the vessel wall. An impeller is embedded in the inner wall of the simulation vessel 11, and when the rotary drive device 51 drives the simulation vessel 11, the impeller promotes the up-and-down turbulence of the fluid. A temperature and pressure detection device can monitor the temperature and pressure inside the simulation vessel 11 in real time.

[0066] The combination of the above components enables the simulation of various conditions in the gathering and transportation process of oil well produced fluid. It can accurately simulate the temperature changes, pressure changes, composition changes, and shearing processes experienced by oil well produced fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline, and can predict the fluid flow parameters of the actual pipeline.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for measuring fluidity parameters, using the oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device from Embodiment 1, including:

[0069] Step 1: This step mainly simulates wellhead heating, which may involve one or more of the following: wellhead hot water mixing, wellhead gas furnace heating, or wellhead electric heating. Different methods can be used for heating in different situations. In specific implementation, there are three methods for simulating heating.

[0070] Step 1.1, Simulating Hot Water Injection at the Wellhead: This involves simulating sudden temperature and water content increases. The specific operation is as follows: The temperature of the water storage chamber 21 is adjusted to the actual water injection temperature on site; the water storage valve 22 is opened to inject hot water into the simulation vessel 11; then the valve of the water storage chamber 21 is closed. The mass M of the hot water injected during this process is... m,w Set it according to Formula 1:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, M m,L The mass of the liquid phase in the simulated reactor 11 is expressed in kg; G p,W G represents the actual mass flow rate of the liquid phase in the pipeline (kg / s). p,L G represents the actual mass flow rate of water mixed in the pipeline on site, in kg / s. p,W G p,L The temperature of the hot water injected into the simulated reactor was obtained by reading the field instruments; it was the same as the actual temperature of the hot water added on site.

[0073] Step 1.2, Simulating Wellhead Gas Furnace Heating: This involves simulating a sudden temperature increase. Specifically, the semiconductor cooler / heater is turned on and set to the first heating mode (simulating wellhead gas furnace heating), then turned off after a few seconds. The heating power is W. m,g,h Set according to formula 2:

[0074]

[0075] Where, η p,h The efficiency of the wellhead gas furnace is expressed as %; h. g The calorific value of the gas used in the wellhead gas furnace is expressed in J / m³. 3 Q p,g The volumetric flow rate of the gas consumed by the wellhead gasifier, in m 3 / s;η m,h For semiconductor thermal efficiency, %; G p,L The actual mass flow rate of the liquid phase in the pipeline on site is expressed in kg / s; M m,L The mass of the liquid phase in the simulated reactor 11 is expressed in kg.

[0076] Step 1.3, Simulating Wellhead Electric Heating: This involves simulating a sudden temperature increase. Specifically, the semiconductor cooler / heater (i.e., temperature control device 31) is turned on and set to the second heating mode (simulating wellhead electric heating). After a few seconds, the semiconductor cooler / heater is turned off. Heating power (W) m,e,h Set according to formula 3:

[0077]

[0078] Where, η p,e Efficiency of wellhead electric heating, %; W m,e The power of the wellhead electric heating, W; η m,h For semiconductor thermal efficiency, %; G p,L The actual mass flow rate of the liquid phase in the pipeline on site is expressed in kg / s; M m,L The mass of the liquid phase in the simulated reactor 11 is expressed in kg.

[0079] The above are simulations of three different heating methods. In actual operation, different heating methods can be selected according to different situations to simulate the real situation.

[0080] Step 2 simulates the flow conditions in the pipeline from the wellhead to the transfer and discharge station, which simultaneously involves the simulation of temperature, pressure changes, and shear effects;

[0081] Step 2.1, Simulate pipeline shear from wellhead to the transfer and discharge station: This involves simulating low-intensity pipeline shear. The specific operation is as follows:

[0082] Step 2.1.1: Calculate the total time of the simulated low-intensity shear in the pipeline and divide it into 50 time periods.

[0083] The total time is calculated according to Formula 4:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, L P d represents the actual pipe length in meters (m); P V represents the actual inner diameter of the pipe, in meters (m); P Q represents the average flow velocity of the fluid inside the actual pipe, in m / s. P The actual fluid flow rate in the pipe is given in m. 3 / s;

[0086] Step 2.1.2, set the shear force of the first vibrating plate 41 to be constant as τ. a Pa; the shear force of the second vibrating plate 42 is constant at τ. b Pa; Start the first viscosity measuring vibrating plate 41 and record the apparent viscosity of the first viscosity measuring vibrating plate 41 as η. a0 The apparent viscosity of the second vibrating plate 42 is η, Pa·s. b0 Pa·s. The initial consistency coefficient K0 of the fluid is calculated according to Formula 5, and the initial non-Newtonian behavior exponent n0 of the fluid is calculated according to Formula 6:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Step 2.1.3: Turn on the rotary drive device 51 to rotate the simulation vessel 11. During the first time period, i.e., t∈[0,t... total / 50], Motor torque M m,1 Set according to formula 7:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, h m To simulate the height of vessel 11, m; r m K0 is the inner diameter of the simulated vessel 11, in meters (m); K0 is the initial consistency coefficient of the fluid, in Pa·s2. n n0 is the exponent of the initial non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid, which is dimensionless.

[0092] At t=t total At time 50, the apparent viscosity recorded by the first viscosity measuring vibratory plate 41 is η. b1 The apparent viscosity recorded by the second vibrating test piece 42 is η. b1 The fluid consistency coefficient K1 and the non-Newtonian behavior exponent n1 are calculated according to Formula 8 and Formula 9, respectively:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The apparent viscosity of the fluid under the actual shear rate conditions at the pipe wall is calculated according to Formula 10:

[0096]

[0097] Step 2.1.4, within the j-th time period, i.e. Up to 50, the motor's torque M m,j Set according to formula 11:

[0098]

[0099] At t = jt total At time 50, the apparent viscosity recorded by the first viscosity measuring vibratory plate 41 is η. bj The apparent viscosity recorded by the second vibrating test piece 42 is η. bj Fluid consistency coefficient K j Calculated according to Formula 12, the non-Newtonian behavior index n j Calculate according to formula 13:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] Under the actual shear rate conditions at that pipe wall location, the apparent viscosity of the fluid is calculated according to Formula 14:

[0103]

[0104] Step 2.2, simulate the pressure change from the wellhead to the water transfer station: this involves a slow decrease in the pipe pressure and a slow decrease in the amount of dissolved gas in the liquid phase. Specifically, the gas storage valve 62 is opened, and the initial pressure of the gas storage chamber 61 is the actual pipeline starting pressure P0, Pa. The pressure in the gas storage chamber 61 decreases in steps over 50 time periods, where in the k-th time period ([(k-1)t) total / 50,kt total

[50] , k = 1, 2, 3....50) Pressure P k You can set it according to formula 15:

[0105]

[0106] Step 2.3, simulating heat dissipation from the wellhead to the receiving and discharging station into the soil: This involves simulating a gradual temperature drop. Specifically, the motor is started simultaneously with the semiconductor cooler / heater, set to cooling mode. Cooling power (W) m,s,c The simulation time t is set according to Formula 16, with a duration of t. total :

[0107]

[0108] Among them, K p The total heat transfer coefficient from the pipe to the soil, W / (m²). 2 ·℃); D p T represents the actual outer diameter of the pipe, in meters (m). 0,P Temperature at the actual pipeline initiation point, in °C; T soil The actual soil temperature is given in °C; G p v represents the actual mass flow rate of the fluid within the pipeline, expressed in kg / s. p c represents the actual flow velocity of the fluid inside the pipe, in m / s. p η is the specific heat capacity of the fluid inside the actual pipeline, in J / (kg·℃); m,c t represents the semiconductor cooling efficiency, in %; t represents the simulation duration, in seconds.

[0109] Step 2.4, at t total At any time, the rotary drive device 51, the semiconductor cooler / heater, the gas storage chamber 61, and the gas storage valve 62 are turned off.

[0110] Step 3 simulates the gas-liquid separation, oil-water separation, and pressurization of the fluid at the transfer and discharge station, involving the simulation of pressure changes, composition changes, and shear effects; the details are as follows:

[0111] Step 3.1 simulates the gas-liquid separation at the water transfer station, involving simulations of sudden pressure drops and component mutations. Specifically, the pressure in the gas storage chamber 61 is adjusted to the actual pressure within the three-phase separator, and then the valve in the gas storage chamber 61 is opened. This causes a rapid decrease in pressure in the simulated reactor 11, resulting in a rapid decrease in the amount of gas dissolved in the liquid phase. Then, the gas storage valve 62 is closed.

[0112] Step 3.2 simulates the discharge from the transfer and discharge station, involving a simulation of component mutation. The specific operation is as follows: open the storage valve 22 to discharge the bottom free water, then close the storage valve 22. The discharged water volume M m,s,W Set according to formula 17:

[0113]

[0114] Among them, M m,s,L The mass of the liquid phase in the simulated reactor 11 is expressed in kg; G p,s,WThe actual mass flow rate of the liquid phase in the separator on site is expressed in kg / s and G. p,s,L The actual mass flow rate of water discharged from the separator on site is expressed in kg / s.

[0115] Step 3.3 involves simulating the pressurization of the water transfer station, which includes simulating high-intensity shearing of the pump. Specifically, the rotary drive device 51 is activated, causing the simulated vessel 11 to rotate. The motor speed n... m Set according to Formula 18, duration t pump Set according to formula 19:

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] Where, n p The actual rotational speed of the centrifugal pump is rmp; r p r is the actual impeller radius of the centrifugal pump, in meters (m). m The inner diameter of the simulated vessel 11 is in meters (m); V pump The actual volume of the centrifugal pump chamber is given in m. 3 Q pump The actual centrifugal pump displacement is in meters (m). 3 / s.

[0119] Step 4: Simulate the flow in the pipeline from the transfer station to the combined station, including the simulation of temperature, pressure changes and shear effects. Similar to Step 2, the parameters are calculated by substituting the actual pipeline parameters from the transfer station to the combined station.

[0120] Step 5: Steps 1 to 4 accurately simulate the temperature changes (error within ±1%), pressure changes (error within ±5%), composition changes (gas-liquid ratio error within 1%, overall water cut error within 1%, emulsified water cut error within 3%), and shearing processes (non-Newtonian behavior index error within 5%, consistency coefficient error within 5%, apparent viscosity error within 5%) experienced by the produced fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline. At the end, the simulated temperature and pressure inside the reactor 11 are the combined station inlet temperature and pressure predicted by the indoor simulation device. During the simulation, a total of 100 sets of consistency coefficient, non-Newtonian behavior index, and apparent viscosity data were recorded, which can predict the fluid flow parameters of the actual pipeline.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the gathering and transportation process of produced fluid from an oil well, characterized in that, include: The simulation vessel has an outer wall with an insulation layer to prevent the fluid inside the vessel from diffusing energy to the outside. The simulation vessel also has a disturbance component inside to disturb the fluid inside the vessel. A water storage chamber is connected to the simulation vessel via a water supply pipe. A water storage valve is also installed on the water supply pipe to control the opening and closing of the water supply pipe. The water storage chamber is used to store the hot water to be filled into the simulation vessel and the water released from the bottom of the simulation vessel. The water storage chamber is located at the bottom of the simulation vessel. A gas storage chamber is connected to the simulation vessel via a gas supply pipe. A gas storage valve is also installed on the gas supply pipe to control the opening and closing of the gas supply pipe. The gas storage chamber is used to store the gas released from the top of the simulation vessel and is located at the top of the simulation vessel. A rotary drive device is used to rotate the simulated vessel to drive the disturbance component to rotate, thereby causing the disturbance component to drive the fluid inside the simulated vessel to move. A temperature control module is attached to the inner wall of the simulation vessel. The temperature control module is used to heat or cool the fluid in the simulation vessel to adjust the temperature of the fluid in the simulation vessel. A vibration viscosity measuring device is installed inside a simulation vessel. During the simulation process, the vibration viscosity measuring device is positioned below the fluid surface to measure the apparent viscosity of the fluid. An environmental parameter detection device is installed inside a simulation vessel. The environmental parameter detection device is used to detect environmental parameter information inside the simulation vessel. The environmental parameter detection device includes a temperature detection device and a pressure detection device.

2. The oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated vessel is cylindrical in shape; the rotary drive device is a rotary motor, which is connected to the bottom of the simulated vessel via bearings.

3. The oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The disturbance component is an impeller, which is used to promote the up-and-down turbulence of the fluid inside the simulated vessel.

4. The oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Both the water storage valve and the air storage valve are solenoid valves, and the system also includes a control module. The water storage valve, the air storage valve, the temperature regulation module, the rotary drive device, the vibration viscosity measuring device, the temperature detection device, and the pressure detection device are all electrically connected to the control module.

5. The oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The water storage chamber is also equipped with an inlet and outlet, and the simulation vessel is also equipped with an oil valve.

6. The oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The temperature regulation module is a semiconductor cooler and a semiconductor heater.

7. The oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The vibration viscosity testing device includes a first viscosity testing vibrating plate and a second viscosity testing vibrating plate.

8. A method for measuring the flowability parameters of oilfield produced fluids, characterized in that, include: Determine the current wellhead simulated heating type, and determine the working status of each component in the simulation device according to the wellhead simulated heating type. The wellhead simulated heating type includes any one or more of wellhead hot water mixing, wellhead gas furnace heating, or wellhead electric heating. The simulated heating type at the wellhead is hot water mixing. The water storage valve is opened to allow the hot water stored in the storage chamber to flow into the simulated vessel. The mass of the hot water is calculated using a mass calculation formula. The mass calculation formula is: in, The quality of the injected hot water To simulate the mass of the liquid phase in the reactor; The mass flow rate of the produced fluid from the oil well without added water is obtained by reading data from field instruments. The actual mass flow rate of the hot water added on-site was obtained by reading the on-site instruments; the temperature of the hot water injected into the simulation reactor was the same as the temperature of the actual hot water added on-site. Alternatively, the wellhead simulation heating type is wellhead gas furnace heating, the temperature regulation module is turned on and set to the first heating mode to heat the fluid in the simulation vessel; the heating power of the temperature regulation module is calculated using the first heating power formula, which is: ,in, The first heating power, For the efficiency of the wellhead gas furnace; The calorific value of the gas used in the wellhead gas furnace; The volumetric flow rate of the gas consumed by the wellhead gas furnace; The heating efficiency of the temperature control module; Alternatively, the wellhead simulation heating type is wellhead electric heating, the temperature control module is turned on and set to the second heating mode to heat the fluid in the simulation vessel; the heating power of the temperature control module is calculated using the second heating power formula, which is: ,in, This is the second heating power. The efficiency of the wellhead electric heating; The power of the wellhead electric heating; For semiconductor heating efficiency; The total time for simulated pipe shearing is calculated using the time calculation formula, and then divided into a preset number of time periods J. total The time calculation formula is as follows: ,in, Total time This is the actual pipe length; This is the actual inner diameter of the pipe; This represents the average flow velocity of the fluid inside the actual pipe. This represents the actual volumetric flow rate of the fluid within the pipe. Start the first and second viscosity measuring plates and record the first apparent viscosity of the first viscosity measuring plate. The second apparent viscosity of the second vibrating plate The initial consistency coefficient of the fluid was calculated using the consistency coefficient formula and the non-Newtonian behavior exponential formula. Non-Newtonian Behavior Index The formula for the non-Newtonian behavior index is: The shear force of the first vibrating plate is constant. The shear force of the second vibrating plate is constant. The consistency coefficient formula is as follows: or ; Turn on the rotary drive to rotate the simulated vessel. Record the first apparent viscosity Second apparent viscosity Within the j-th time period, the corresponding fluid consistency coefficient is calculated. Non-Newtonian Behavior Index ; The apparent viscosity of the fluid at the actual pipe wall under shear rate conditions is calculated using the fluid apparent viscosity formula; the fluid apparent viscosity formula is: ; The method for measuring the fluidity parameters of the oilfield produced fluid uses the oil well produced fluid gathering and transportation process simulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The method for measuring the flow parameters of oilfield produced fluids as described in claim 8, characterized in that, During the opening of the rotary drive device to rotate the simulated vessel, the torque of the motor in the rotary drive device during the j-th time period... It is calculated using the following formula: ,in, To simulate the height of the vessel; K represents the inner diameter of the simulated vessel. j-1 n is the fluid consistency coefficient measured during the (j-1)th time interval; j-1 The fluid non-Newtonian behavior index measured during the (j-1)th time interval; The number J of the preset time periods total is 50.

10. The method for measuring the flow parameters of oilfield produced fluids as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The measurement method further includes: Open the gas storage valve to control the pressure in the gas storage chamber to decrease in steps according to a preset number of time periods. The pressure value for the kth time period is then calculated using a pressure calculation formula. The pressure calculation formula is as follows: ,in, This is the initial pressure of the gas storage chamber; The rotary drive device and temperature control module are activated to perform a cooling operation. The temperature control module is configured in cooling mode with a cooling power of [specific value]. It is calculated using the following formula: ,in, The total heat transfer coefficient for heat dissipation from the pipe to the soil; This refers to the actual outer diameter of the pipe. These are the actual starting points of the pipeline; This refers to the actual soil temperature. This represents the actual mass flow rate of the fluid within the pipeline. This represents the actual flow velocity of the fluid inside the pipe. This represents the specific heat capacity of the fluid inside the actual pipe. For semiconductor cooling efficiency; When the total time is reached When necessary, shut down the rotary drive, temperature control module, and gas storage valve; Adjust the pressure in the gas storage chamber to the actual pressure in the three-phase separator, then open the gas storage chamber valve; this will rapidly reduce the pressure in the simulation vessel and the amount of gas dissolved in the liquid phase, and then close the gas storage chamber valve. Open the water storage chamber valve to drain the free water at the bottom, then close the water storage chamber valve. The rotary drive device is activated to rotate the simulated vessel at high speed to simulate the high-intensity shearing of the pump at the water transfer station; the formula for the motor speed in the rotary drive device is as follows: The formula for the duration of the motor in the rotary drive device is as follows: In the formula for the rotational speed of the electrodes in a rotary drive device, This refers to the motor speed. For duration, This refers to the actual rotational speed of the centrifugal pump; This is the actual impeller radius of the centrifugal pump. To simulate the inner diameter of the vessel; This refers to the actual volume of the centrifugal pump chamber. This refers to the actual centrifugal pump displacement. The above steps are used to simulate the temperature changes, pressure changes, composition changes, and shearing processes of oil well produced fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline, and to predict the inlet temperature and pressure of the transfer station or combined station, as well as the fluid flow parameters of the actual pipeline.

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