A static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement

Abstract

This invention provides a static correction quality control method based on adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, belonging to the field of seismic exploration technology. This invention obtains a linear correction velocity through adaptive fitting; uses the fitted linear correction velocity to perform linear correction on seismic gathers or first arrival times; rearranges the gathers according to the positions of shot points or receivers, displaying multiple gathers only related to surface positions; and evaluates the quality of the correction effect after rearrangement. This static correction quality control method based on adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement can effectively identify non-surface consistency static correction problems by adaptively fitting and correcting the first arrival information of the original shot gather records, and then rearranging them according to surface consistency to form new quality control gathers. It can also evaluate the static correction effect without using stacked imaging, thereby avoiding the influence of stacking velocity on seismic imaging and laying the foundation for subsequent overall static correction accuracy evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic exploration theory generally assumes that the excitation and receiver points are observed on a horizontal plane and that the formation velocity is uniform. However, in reality, the observation surface often has undulations, the depth of each excitation point may vary, and the wave velocity in the low-velocity zone differs significantly from the wave velocity in the formation, inevitably affecting the shape of the measured time-distance curve. To eliminate the impact of these discrepancies between reality and theoretical assumptions on data analysis and processing, topographic correction, excitation depth correction, and low-velocity zone correction are required for the raw seismic data. These corrections remain unchanged for different depths of the same observation point and are therefore called static corrections. In seismic data processing, seismic data is usually corrected to a unified reference plane, which is generally a horizontal plane. In a broader sense, static correction also includes phase correction and correction for instrument-related factors.

[0003] In areas with complex surface structures, static correction is a prominent issue in seismic exploration data processing. The accuracy of static correction directly impacts the imaging accuracy of subsequent seismic data; therefore, precise and reasonable quality control evaluation of static correction is crucial. Existing static correction effectiveness evaluations rely on seismic shot gathers and stacking results before and after static correction application. However, this process struggles to avoid the influence of surface inconsistencies and stacking velocity, leading to limitations and inaccuracies in static correction accuracy evaluation. Therefore, it is necessary to research and supplement existing quality control methods with those unaffected by surface inconsistencies and stacking velocity to ensure the reliability of the final static correction accuracy. Current static correction effectiveness evaluations, based on seismic shot gathers and stacking results before and after static correction application, can only compare single-point or single-channel records in seismic shot gathers, failing to reflect continuous spatial variations. Furthermore, seismic stacking imaging is significantly affected by stacking velocity, as static correction and stacking velocity mutually influence and constrain each other, making it difficult to guarantee the certainty of the static correction application effectiveness evaluation.

[0004] The existing technology has the following shortcomings:

[0005] 1. Existing static correction effect evaluation is based on the seismic gathers and stacking effects before and after static correction application. However, it is difficult to avoid the influence of non-surface consistency and stacking velocity during the process. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain accurate linear dynamic correction velocity and stacking velocity during the application implementation, resulting in limitations and inaccuracies in the static correction accuracy evaluation.

[0006] 2. The effect of static correction can be judged by the spatial continuity and consistency of the first arrival wave or reflected wave on a single gather. However, it is difficult to effectively evaluate the static correction problems between gathers. Furthermore, in some complex near-surface areas, the velocity of seismic waves propagating in different directions at the same surface or underground location can vary greatly, which can also cause changes in the spatial continuity of the first arrival wave or reflected wave in the gather (non-surface consistency static correction problem), thus affecting the accurate evaluation of the effect of static correction.

[0007] 3. While the effectiveness of static corrections can be assessed through seismic data stacking imaging, the accuracy of the stacking velocity also significantly impacts seismic imaging. When problems exist in the stacking results, it is difficult to accurately determine whether the issue stems from the inaccuracy of the static corrections or the stacking velocity. Therefore, particularly in regions with complex velocity wavefields, there are some uncertainties in using stacking results to determine the accuracy of static corrections. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a static correction quality control method based on adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement. The method obtains a linear correction velocity through adaptive fitting; uses this linear correction velocity to perform linear correction on seismic gathers or first arrival times; rearranges the gathers according to the positions of shot points or receivers, displaying multiple gathers that are only related to surface positions; and evaluates the quality of the correction effect after rearrangement. This static correction quality control method based on adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the original shot gather records can effectively identify non-surface consistency static correction problems by adaptively fitting and correcting the first arrival information and then rearranging it according to surface consistency to form new quality control gathers. It can also evaluate the static correction effect without using stacked imaging, thereby avoiding the influence of stacking velocity on seismic imaging and laying the foundation for subsequent overall static correction accuracy evaluation.

[0009] This invention provides a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S101: Linear correction speed is obtained through adaptive fitting;

[0011] S102: Linear correction of seismic gathers or first arrival times is performed using the fitted linear correction velocity;

[0012] S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location;

[0013] S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gathers and evaluate their effectiveness.

[0014] Preferably, in the adaptive fitting process in step S101, for the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival wave guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer.

[0015] Preferably, in the adaptive fitting process in step S101, the influence of azimuth angle is considered. For the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival wave guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer.

[0016] Preferably, the adaptive fitting to obtain the linear correction speed in step S101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] Construct an initial fit function: T i =a+bx i +cθ i ,

[0018] Its objective function is E = ∑(t) i -a-bx i -cθ i ) 2 Then we have the following system of equations in the least squares sense:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] Solving the above system of equations yields:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] in,

[0027] t i This represents the travel time of the seismic wave from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0028] T i This represents the fitting time for the seismic wave to propagate from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0029] n is the number of input samples for fitting;

[0030] 'a' represents the delay time;

[0031] x iThis represents the distance between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0032] θ i This represents the azimuth angle between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0033] b and c represent the reciprocals of the apparent velocity of the seismic wave as it propagates along the source-receiver distance and azimuth direction at the refraction interface, respectively.

[0034] Preferably, the adaptive fitting in step S101 specifically involves automatically acquiring the vertical stratification velocity, which is a set of apparent velocities along the shot-receiver distance direction for different refraction interfaces under a single shot point or receiver point.

[0035] Preferably, the vertical stratification velocity is automatically obtained in the following manner:

[0036] Based on the understanding of the velocity differences in the surface medium in the region, a minimum apparent velocity difference threshold for propagation along the shot-receiver distance direction between different surface media is set, and multiple sets of fitting samples are divided according to the given fitting radius.

[0037] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is greater than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic wave is propagating along different refraction interfaces, and the two sets of samples are not merged.

[0038] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is less than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic waves represented by the two sets of samples are propagating on the same refraction interface. The two sets of samples are then merged, and the velocity values ​​of the merged samples are fitted again using the fitting formula. This process is repeated until the sample grouping no longer changes. The final apparent velocities of multiple sets of seismic waves propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface, as well as the corresponding delay times and apparent velocities of seismic waves propagating along the azimuth direction on the refraction interface, are obtained through fitting.

[0039] Preferably, in step S102, the gather information within the first arrival wave guidance window is linearly corrected using the correction velocity obtained in step S101, and the arrival time of the first arrival wave is corrected to be the first arrival wave gather that is only related to the vertical delay of the physical point.

[0040] Preferably, step S102, which involves linearly correcting the seismic gather or first arrival time using the fitted linear correction velocity, specifically includes:

[0041] Based on the same shot gather obtained from adaptive velocity fitting, the apparent velocities propagating along the shot-receiver distance from different refractive interfaces and the range of receiver points received when seismic waves propagate along different refractive interfaces are recorded. The receiver points are segmented and labeled, with each segment of receiver points recorded as L1, L2...L... m ;

[0042] The apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance at different refractive interfaces corresponding to each receiver point, and the seismic trace correction Δt for the i-th receiver point in the same shot gather. i for:

[0043]

[0044] By using the above correction amount for seismic traces at different receiver points i within the same shot gather, the seismic traces at different receiver points within the same shot gather are corrected to obtain linearly corrected trace gathers.

[0045] in,

[0046] a1、a2……a m For the delay time at different refractive interfaces;

[0047] b1, b2...b m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0048] c1, c2...c m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the azimuth direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0049] m represents the number of refractive interface layers.

[0050] Preferably, the time correction of the first arrival wave in the linear correction is performed using the following formula:

[0051] T 校正 =T AB +T CD =T ABCD -T CB

[0052]

[0053] ABCD represents the travel path of the first arrival wave;

[0054] T ABCD Let A be the initial arrival time from the excitation point A to the receiving point B; B is the minimum critical point where refraction occurs; and C is the maximum critical point at which the refracted wave can be received.

[0055] T AB When the approximate vertical delay is at the location of the excitation point A;

[0056] T CD When the approximate vertical delay is the location of the receiving point;

[0057] T CB The time it takes for the first wave to glide at the refraction interface;

[0058] T 校正 The correction time for the seismic traces associated with excitation point A and receiver point B;

[0059] b i It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity of receiver point i as it propagates along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface;

[0060] Detector point i belongs to the segment between receiver point B and point C;

[0061] x B The horizontal distance from the firing point to point B;

[0062] x C Let C be the horizontal distance from the firing point to point C.

[0063] Preferably, step S104, which involves applying static corrections to the rearranged gather and evaluating the effectiveness of these corrections, specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] Analyze the regularity of the overall change in the first arrival time. If the first arrival time is randomly distributed, it indicates that there is an error in the first arrival picking.

[0065] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point do not fluctuate in different gathers, it indicates that there is no static correction problem.

[0066] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point are fluctuating in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a static correction problem for surface consistency.

[0067] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point fluctuate in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

[0068] Preferably, step S104, which involves applying static corrections to the rearranged gather and evaluating the effectiveness of these corrections, specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Analyzing the regularity of the overall change of the first arrival wave, if there is no fluctuation or jitter in the phase axis of the first arrival wave in different trace collections, it indicates that there is no static correction problem.

[0070] If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point has fluctuations and jitters in different gathers, and the jitter amplitude and variation pattern are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a surface consistency static correction problem.

[0071] If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point exhibits fluctuations and jitter in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the jitter are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

[0072] This invention provides a static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following modules:

[0073] The linear correction speed fitting module performs adaptive fitting of the linear correction speed.

[0074] The velocity correction module uses the fitted linear correction velocity to perform linear correction on the seismic gathers or first arrival times.

[0075] The surface consistency rearrangement module rearranges the linearly corrected gathers according to the location of the shot point or receiver point, and displays multiple gathers that are only related to the surface location.

[0076] The static calibration quality control module evaluates the quality of the calibration effect after rearrangement.

[0077] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement static correction quality control methods.

[0078] The present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory that can be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of any of the above-described adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement static correction quality control methods.

[0079] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0080] (1) In the surface consistency rearrangement gather, this invention only targets the seismic gathers or first arrival times at the same location. Any cause that causes the same change in the first arrival linear relationship in all display arrangements can be considered as a surface consistency static correction problem. This avoids the influence of stacking speed and non-surface consistency problems in the quality control and effect evaluation of conventional static correction. The effect evaluation of static correction application is intuitive and reliable.

[0081] (2) The present invention is based on a static correction quality control method for consistent surface rearrangement, which solves the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to effectively distinguish between static correction problems for consistent surface and static correction problems for inconsistent surface, and realizes accurate evaluation of static correction accuracy and application effect.

[0082] (3) The present invention adopts an adaptive linear correction speed fitting method, which solves the problem in the prior art that the linear correction speed cannot be arbitrarily varied, resulting in low correction speed accuracy and thus failing to reflect the accurate changes in the space of the gathers after correction. It realizes effective and consistent superimposed display of multiple gathers, which can reflect the continuous changes in their space, making the final evaluation of the static correction application effect more reasonable and reliable.

[0083] (4) This invention adds a compensation amount for velocity variation with azimuth angle to the previous linear correction velocity fitting function, which solves the problem of velocity variation with azimuth angle in complex surface areas, realizes higher accuracy velocity fitting and linear correction, completely avoids the influence of linear correction velocity, makes the static correction quality control method simple and intuitive, and makes the subsequent effect evaluation factor analysis more singular and accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0084] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the initial arrival wave travel path according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the definition of the first arrival guiding window for actual seismic data in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the trace gather display before linear dynamic correction of the first arrival wave according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of gather display after linear dynamic correction of the first arrival wave according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 6a A schematic diagram showing the effect of static correction before and after static correction application when displaying the first three gathers in the surface consistency rearrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Figure 6b A schematic diagram showing the effect of static correction before and after static correction is applied when displaying three gathers overlaid after surface consistency rearrangement, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] Figure 7 This is a set of arrival times of the first arrival wave from actual seismic data, representing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the static correction effect before and after the application of linear correction for the arrival time of the first arrival wave according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0094] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0095] This invention provides a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following steps:

[0096] S101: Linear correction speed is obtained through adaptive fitting;

[0097] S102: Linear correction of seismic gathers or first arrival times is performed using the fitted linear correction velocity;

[0098] S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location;

[0099] S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gathers and evaluate their effectiveness.

[0100] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the adaptive fitting process in step S101, for the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival wave guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer.

[0101] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the adaptive fitting process in step S101, considering the influence of azimuth angle, for the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival wave guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer.

[0102] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive fitting to obtain the linear correction speed in step S101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0103] Construct an initial fit function: T i =a+bx i +cθ i ,

[0104] Its objective function is E = ∑(t) i -a-bx i -cθ i ) 2 Then we have the following system of equations in the least squares sense:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Solving the above system of equations yields:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] in,

[0113] t i This represents the travel time of the seismic wave from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0114] T i This represents the fitting time for the seismic wave to propagate from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0115] n is the number of input samples for fitting;

[0116] 'a' represents the delay time;

[0117] x i This represents the distance between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0118] θ i This represents the azimuth angle between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0119] b and c represent the reciprocals of the apparent velocity of the seismic wave as it propagates along the source-receiver distance and azimuth direction at the refraction interface, respectively.

[0120] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive fitting in step S101 specifically involves automatically acquiring the vertical layering velocity, which is a set of apparent velocities along the shot-receiver distance direction for different refraction interfaces under a single shot point or receiver point.

[0121] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vertical stratification velocity is automatically obtained in the following manner:

[0122] Based on the understanding of the velocity differences in the surface medium in the region, a minimum apparent velocity difference threshold for propagation along the shot-receiver distance direction between different surface media is set, and multiple sets of fitting samples are divided according to the given fitting radius.

[0123] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is greater than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic wave is propagating along different refraction interfaces, and the two sets of samples are not merged.

[0124] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is less than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic waves represented by the two sets of samples are propagating on the same refraction interface. The two sets of samples are then merged, and the velocity values ​​of the merged samples are fitted again using the fitting formula. This process is repeated until the sample grouping no longer changes. The final apparent velocities of multiple sets of seismic waves propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface, as well as the corresponding delay times and apparent velocities of seismic waves propagating along the azimuth direction on the refraction interface, are obtained through fitting.

[0125] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S102, the gather information within the first arrival guiding time window is linearly corrected using the correction velocity obtained in step S101, and the arrival time of the first arrival wave is corrected to be the first arrival gather that is only related to the vertical delay of the physical point.

[0126] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S102, which involves linearly correcting the seismic gather or first arrival time using the fitted linear correction velocity, specifically includes:

[0127] Based on the same shot gather obtained from adaptive velocity fitting, the apparent velocities propagating along the shot-receiver distance from different refractive interfaces and the range of receiver points received when seismic waves propagate along different refractive interfaces are recorded. The receiver points are segmented and labeled, with each segment of receiver points recorded as L1, L2...L... m ;

[0128] The apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance at different refractive interfaces corresponding to each receiver point, and the seismic trace correction Δt for the i-th receiver point in the same shot gather. i for:

[0129]

[0130] By using the above correction amount for seismic traces at different receiver points i within the same shot gather, the seismic traces at different receiver points within the same shot gather are corrected to obtain linearly corrected trace gathers.

[0131] in,

[0132] a1、a2……a m For the delay time at different refractive interfaces;

[0133] b1, b2...b m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0134] c1, c2...c m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the azimuth direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0135] m represents the number of refractive interface layers.

[0136] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time correction of the first arrival wave in the linear correction is performed using the following formula:

[0137] T 校正 =T AB +T CD =T ABCD -T CB

[0138]

[0139] ABCD represents the travel path of the first arrival wave;

[0140] T ABCD Let A be the initial arrival time from the excitation point A to the receiving point B; B is the minimum critical point where refraction occurs; and C is the maximum critical point at which the refracted wave can be received.

[0141] T AB When the approximate vertical delay is at the location of the excitation point A;

[0142] T CD When the approximate vertical delay is the location of the receiving point;

[0143] T CB The time it takes for the first wave to glide at the refraction interface;

[0144] T 校正 The correction time for the seismic traces associated with excitation point A and receiver point B;

[0145] b i It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity of receiver point i as it propagates along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface;

[0146] Detector point i belongs to the segment between receiver point B and point C.

[0147] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S104, which applies static correction to the rearranged gather and evaluates its effectiveness, specifically includes the following steps:

[0148] Analyze the regularity of the overall change in the first arrival time. If the first arrival time is randomly distributed, it indicates that there is an error in the first arrival picking.

[0149] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point do not fluctuate in different gathers, it indicates that there is no static correction problem.

[0150] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point are fluctuating in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a static correction problem for surface consistency.

[0151] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point fluctuate in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

[0152] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S104, which applies static correction to the rearranged gather and evaluates its effectiveness, specifically includes the following steps:

[0153] Analyzing the regularity of the overall change of the first arrival wave, if there is no fluctuation or jitter in the phase axis of the first arrival wave in different trace collections, it indicates that there is no static correction problem.

[0154] If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point has fluctuations and jitters in different gathers, and the jitter amplitude and variation pattern are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a surface consistency static correction problem.

[0155] If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point exhibits fluctuations and jitter in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the jitter are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

[0156] This invention provides a static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following modules:

[0157] The linear correction speed fitting module performs adaptive fitting of the linear correction speed.

[0158] The velocity correction module uses the fitted linear correction velocity to perform linear correction on the seismic gathers or first arrival times.

[0159] The surface consistency rearrangement module rearranges the linearly corrected gathers according to the location of the shot point or receiver point, and displays multiple gathers that are only related to the surface location.

[0160] The static calibration quality control module evaluates the quality of the calibration effect after rearrangement.

[0161] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement static correction quality control methods.

[0162] The present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory that can be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of any of the above-described adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement static correction quality control methods.

[0163] Example 1

[0164] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown below, the static correction quality control method of adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0165] This invention provides a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following steps:

[0166] S101: Linear correction speed is obtained through adaptive fitting;

[0167] S102: Linear correction of seismic gathers or first arrival times is performed using the fitted linear correction velocity;

[0168] S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location;

[0169] S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gathers and evaluate their effectiveness.

[0170] Example 2

[0171] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0172] This invention provides a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following steps:

[0173] S101: Linear correction velocity is obtained through adaptive fitting; during the adaptive fitting process, the influence of azimuth angle is considered. For the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer; the adaptive fitting is specifically to automatically obtain the vertical layer velocity, which is multiple apparent velocities along the shot-receiver distance direction of different refraction interfaces under a single shot point or receiver point.

[0174] The adaptive fitting to obtain the linear correction speed in step S101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0175] Construct an initial fit function: T i =a+bx i +cθ i ,

[0176] Its objective function is E = ∑(t) i -a-bx i -cθ i ) 2 Then we have the following system of equations in the least squares sense:

[0177]

[0178]

[0179]

[0180] Solving the above system of equations yields:

[0181]

[0182]

[0183]

[0184] in,

[0185] t i This represents the travel time of the seismic wave from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0186] T i This represents the fitting time for the seismic wave to propagate from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0187] n is the number of input samples for fitting;

[0188] 'a' represents the delay time;

[0189] x i This represents the distance between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0190] θ i This represents the azimuth angle between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0191] b and c represent the reciprocals of the apparent velocity of the seismic wave as it propagates along the source-receiver distance and azimuth direction at the refraction interface, respectively.

[0192] S102: Linearly correct the gather information within the first arrival guidance window using the corrected velocity obtained in step S101, and correct the arrival time of the first arrival to the first arrival gather that is only related to the vertical delay of the physical point.

[0193] S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location;

[0194] S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gathers and evaluate their effectiveness.

[0195] Example 3

[0196] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0197] This invention provides a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following steps:

[0198] S101: Linear correction velocity is obtained through adaptive fitting; during the adaptive fitting process, the influence of azimuth angle is considered. For the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer; the adaptive fitting is specifically to automatically obtain the vertical layer velocity, which is multiple apparent velocities along the shot-receiver distance direction of different refraction interfaces under a single shot point or receiver point.

[0199] The adaptive fitting to obtain the linear correction speed in step S101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0200] Construct an initial fit function: T i =a+bx i +cθ i ,

[0201] Its objective function is E = ∑(t) i -a-bx i -cθ i ) 2 Then we have the following system of equations in the least squares sense:

[0202]

[0203]

[0204]

[0205] Solving the above system of equations yields:

[0206]

[0207]

[0208]

[0209] in,

[0210] t i This represents the travel time of the seismic wave from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0211] T i This represents the fitting time for the seismic wave to propagate from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0212] n is the number of input samples for fitting;

[0213] 'a' represents the delay time;

[0214] x i This represents the distance between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0215] θ i This represents the azimuth angle between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0216] b and c represent the reciprocals of the apparent velocity of the seismic wave as it propagates along the source-receiver distance and azimuth direction at the refraction interface, respectively.

[0217] The automatic acquisition of vertical stratification velocity is achieved in the following way:

[0218] Based on the understanding of the velocity differences in the surface medium in the region, a minimum apparent velocity difference threshold for propagation along the shot-receiver distance direction between different surface media is set, and multiple sets of fitting samples are divided according to the given fitting radius.

[0219] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is greater than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic wave is propagating along different refraction interfaces, and the two sets of samples are not merged.

[0220] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is less than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic waves represented by the two sets of samples are propagating on the same refraction interface. The two sets of samples are merged, and the velocity value of the merged samples is fitted again using the fitting formula. This process is repeated until the sample grouping no longer changes. The final apparent velocities of multiple sets of seismic waves propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface, as well as the corresponding delay times and the apparent velocities of seismic waves propagating along the azimuth direction on the refraction interface are obtained by fitting.

[0221] S102: The gather information within the first arrival guidance window is linearly corrected using the correction velocity obtained in step S101, and the arrival time of the first arrival is corrected to be related only to the first arrival gather when the physical point is vertically delayed; step S102 uses the linear correction velocity obtained from the fitting to linearly correct the seismic gather or first arrival time, specifically including:

[0222] Based on the same shot gather obtained from adaptive velocity fitting, the apparent velocities propagating along the shot-receiver distance from different refractive interfaces and the range of receiver points received when seismic waves propagate along different refractive interfaces are recorded. The receiver points are segmented and labeled, with each segment of receiver points recorded as L1, L2...L... m ;

[0223] The apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance at different refractive interfaces corresponding to each receiver point, and the seismic trace correction Δt for the i-th receiver point in the same shot gather.i for:

[0224]

[0225] By using the above correction amount for seismic traces at different receiver points i within the same shot gather, the seismic traces at different receiver points within the same shot gather are corrected to obtain linearly corrected trace gathers.

[0226] in,

[0227] a1、a2……a m For the delay time at different refractive interfaces;

[0228] b1, b2...b m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0229] c1, c2...c m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the azimuth direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0230] m represents the number of refractive interface layers.

[0231] The time correction of the first arrival wave in linear correction is performed using the following formula:

[0232] T 校正 =T AB +T CD =T ABCD -T CB

[0233]

[0234] ABCD represents the travel path of the first arrival wave;

[0235] T ABCD Let A be the initial arrival time from the excitation point A to the receiving point B; B is the minimum critical point where refraction occurs; and C is the maximum critical point at which the refracted wave can be received.

[0236] T AB When the approximate vertical delay is at the location of the excitation point A;

[0237] T CD When the approximate vertical delay is the location of the receiving point;

[0238] T CB The time it takes for the first wave to glide at the refraction interface;

[0239] T 校正 The correction time for the seismic traces associated with excitation point A and receiver point B;

[0240] b iIt is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity of receiver point i as it propagates along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface;

[0241] Detector point i belongs to the segment between receiver point B and point C.

[0242] S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location;

[0243] S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gathers and evaluate their effectiveness.

[0244] Example 4

[0245] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0246] This invention provides a static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following steps:

[0247] S101: Linear correction velocity is obtained through adaptive fitting; during the adaptive fitting process, the influence of azimuth angle is considered. For the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer; the adaptive fitting is specifically to automatically obtain the vertical layer velocity, which is multiple apparent velocities along the shot-receiver distance direction of different refraction interfaces under a single shot point or receiver point.

[0248] The adaptive fitting to obtain the linear correction speed in step S101 specifically includes the following steps:

[0249] Construct an initial fit function: T i =a+bx i +cθ i ,

[0250] Its objective function is E = ∑(t) i -a-bx i -cθ i ) 2 Then we have the following system of equations in the least squares sense:

[0251]

[0252]

[0253]

[0254] Solving the above system of equations yields:

[0255]

[0256]

[0257]

[0258] in,

[0259] t i This represents the travel time of the seismic wave from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0260] T i This represents the fitting time for the seismic wave to propagate from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the i-th receiver point;

[0261] n is the number of input samples for fitting;

[0262] 'a' represents the delay time;

[0263] x i This represents the distance between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0264] θ i This represents the azimuth angle between the shot point and the i-th receiver point;

[0265] b and c represent the reciprocals of the apparent velocity of the seismic wave as it propagates along the source-receiver distance and azimuth direction at the refraction interface, respectively.

[0266] The automatic acquisition of vertical stratification velocity is achieved in the following way:

[0267] Based on the understanding of the velocity differences in the surface medium in the region, a minimum apparent velocity difference threshold for propagation along the shot-receiver distance direction between different surface media is set, and multiple sets of fitting samples are divided according to the given fitting radius.

[0268] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is greater than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic wave is propagating along different refraction interfaces, and the two sets of samples are not merged.

[0269] When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is less than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic waves represented by the two sets of samples are propagating on the same refraction interface. The two sets of samples are merged, and the velocity value of the merged samples is fitted again using the fitting formula. This process is repeated until the sample grouping no longer changes. The final apparent velocities of multiple sets of seismic waves propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface, as well as the corresponding delay times and the apparent velocities of seismic waves propagating along the azimuth direction on the refraction interface are obtained by fitting.

[0270] S102: The gather information within the first arrival guidance window is linearly corrected using the correction velocity obtained in step S101, and the arrival time of the first arrival is corrected to be related only to the first arrival gather when the physical point is vertically delayed; step S102 uses the linear correction velocity obtained from the fitting to linearly correct the seismic gather or first arrival time, specifically including:

[0271] Based on the same shot gather obtained from adaptive velocity fitting, the apparent velocities propagating along the shot-receiver distance from different refractive interfaces and the range of receiver points received when seismic waves propagate along different refractive interfaces are recorded. The receiver points are segmented and labeled, with each segment of receiver points recorded as L1, L2...L... m ;

[0272] The apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction at different refractive interfaces corresponding to each receiver point is: The seismic trace correction Δti for the i-th receiver point in the same shot gather is:

[0273]

[0274] By using the above correction amount for seismic traces at different receiver points i within the same shot gather, the seismic traces at different receiver points within the same shot gather are corrected to obtain linearly corrected trace gathers.

[0275] in,

[0276] a1、a2……a m For the delay time at different refractive interfaces;

[0277] b1, b2...b m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0278] c1, c2...c m It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the azimuth direction at different refractive interfaces;

[0279] m represents the number of refractive interface layers.

[0280] The time correction of the first arrival wave in linear correction is performed using the following formula:

[0281] T 校正 =T AB +T CD =T ABCD -T CB

[0282]

[0283] ABCD represents the travel path of the first arrival wave;

[0284] T ABCDLet A be the initial arrival time from the excitation point A to the receiving point B; B is the minimum critical point where refraction occurs; and C is the maximum critical point at which the refracted wave can be received.

[0285] T AB When the approximate vertical delay is at the location of the excitation point A;

[0286] T CD When the approximate vertical delay is the location of the receiving point;

[0287] T CB The time it takes for the first wave to glide at the refraction interface;

[0288] T 校正 The correction time for the seismic traces associated with excitation point A and receiver point B;

[0289] b i It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity of receiver point i as it propagates along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface;

[0290] Detector point i belongs to the segment between receiver point B and point C.

[0291] S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location;

[0292] S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gather and evaluate its effectiveness, specifically including the following steps:

[0293] Analyze the regularity of the overall change in the first arrival time. If the first arrival time is randomly distributed, it indicates that there is an error in the first arrival picking.

[0294] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point do not fluctuate in different gathers, it indicates that there is no static correction problem.

[0295] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point are fluctuating in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a static correction problem for surface consistency.

[0296] If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point fluctuate in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

[0297] Alternatively, step S104 may use the first arrival wave for quality evaluation, including the following steps:

[0298] Analyzing the regularity of the overall change of the first arrival wave, if there is no fluctuation or jitter in the phase axis of the first arrival wave in different trace collections, it indicates that there is no static correction problem.

[0299] If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point has fluctuations and jitters in different gathers, and the jitter amplitude and variation pattern are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a surface consistency static correction problem.

[0300] If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point exhibits fluctuations and jitter in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the jitter are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

[0301] Example 5

[0302] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the present invention will be described in detail below, which adopts any of the above-mentioned static correction quality control methods for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement.

[0303] This invention provides a static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following modules:

[0304] The linear correction velocity fitting module performs adaptive fitting of the linear correction velocity to calculate the apparent velocity of the refractive interface beneath each physical point. In the formula, when the calculated value 'a' is zero, it represents the direct wave.

[0305] Figure 4 The figure shows the linear dynamic calibration velocity fitted to the actual earthquake data within a given first arrival guidance window. When the seismic wave propagates along the ground surface, the receiver range of the receiver is segment AB, with an apparent velocity of 968 m / s; when the seismic wave propagates along the first refraction interface, the receiver range of the receiver is segment BC, with an apparent velocity (considering azimuth influence) of 1519 m / s; and when the seismic wave propagates along the second refraction interface, the receiver range of the receiver is segment CD, with an apparent velocity of 2983 m / s.

[0306] The velocity correction module uses the fitted linear correction velocity to linearly correct the seismic gathers or first arrival times; the velocity fitted by the linear correction velocity fitting module is used to linearly correct the gather information within the first arrival guidance window, correcting the first arrival signal in the gather to a first arrival gather that is only related to the vertical delay time of the physical point; the gather after linear correction of the first arrival (Figure 5) can be considered that, under the condition that the correction velocity is accurate, the lateral time difference of the first arrival is caused by the vertical delay time of the shot receiver (static correction), but the possibility of non-surface consistent static correction problems cannot be ruled out.

[0307] The surface consistency rearrangement module extracts and rearranges linearly corrected gathers according to the location of the shot point or receiver point, displaying multiple gathers that are only related to the surface location. Figure 6aTo achieve a consistent surface alignment and overlay display of the three gathers after linear correction, it can be clearly determined that the first arrival waves of the three gathers at the same location in the figure all exhibit consistent undulation and jitter, indicating the presence of a static correction problem.

[0308] The static correction quality control module performs static correction on the superimposed gathers rearranged by the surface consistency rearrangement module and evaluates the effect of the static correction application.

[0309] Figure 6b To display the superimposed gather after static correction, the figure shows the previous... Figure 6a The fluctuations and jitters in the first arrival wave have been corrected, and the first arrival wave is smooth and consistent laterally, indicating that the static correction problem has been basically solved.

[0310] Example 6

[0311] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement of the present invention will be described in detail below, which adopts any of the above-mentioned static correction quality control methods for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement.

[0312] This invention provides a static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, comprising the following modules:

[0313] The linear correction velocity fitting module performs adaptive fitting of the linear correction velocity to obtain the apparent velocity of the refractive interface under each physical point position.

[0314] The velocity correction module uses the velocity obtained from the linear velocity fitting module to perform linear dynamic correction on the gather information within the first arrival wave guidance window, thereby correcting the original first arrival wave arrival time curve (e.g., ...). Figure 7 (As shown) The correction is a first-arrival wave arrival time gather that is only related to the vertical delay of the physical point.

[0315] The surface consistency rearrangement module extracts and rearranges the first arrival time curves after linear correction according to the location of physical points on the surface, and merges and overlays multiple curves for display to determine whether there is a static correction problem.

[0316] The static correction quality control module performs static correction on the arrival time curves of the superimposed first arrival waves rearranged by the surface consistency rearrangement module. Figure 8 For comparison before and after application, the curve with more severe jitter in the figure is the curve before static correction application, and the curve with relatively gentler jitter is the curve after static correction application, indicating that the static correction application effect is good and the static correction accuracy is reliable.

[0317] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the scope and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S101: Obtain the linear correction velocity through adaptive fitting; In the adaptive fitting process in step S101, the influence of azimuth angle is considered. For the original seismic gather, based on the given first arrival wave guidance time window and fitting radius, adaptive velocity fitting is performed on the first arrival time from the refraction layer. S102: Apply the fitted linear correction velocity to the seismic gather or first arrival time for linear correction; Step S102, applying the fitted linear correction velocity to the seismic gather or first arrival time for linear correction, specifically includes: Based on the same shot gather obtained from adaptive velocity fitting, the apparent velocities propagating along the shot-receiver distance from different refractive interfaces and the range of receiver points received when seismic waves propagate along different refractive interfaces are recorded. The receiver points are segmented and labeled, with each segment recorded as follows: L 1. L 2…… L m ; Each receiver point corresponds to a different apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction on a different refractive interface. The same shot gather... i Seismic trace correction at each receiver point for: Using the same shot gather with different receiver points as described above i The seismic trace correction is applied to the seismic traces of different receivers within the same shot gather to obtain a linearly corrected trace gather. in, For the delay time at different refractive interfaces; It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction at different refractive interfaces; It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity propagating along the azimuth direction at different refractive interfaces; m The number of refractive interface layers; This indicates that the seismic wave propagated from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the... i Travel time for each detector point; Indicates the gun point and the first i The distance between each detector point; Indicates the gun point and the first i The azimuth angle between each detector point; S103: Extract and rearrange the linearly corrected first-arrival seismic data according to the surface location of the shot point or receiver point, perform multi-trace aggregation and overlay display multi-trace aggregation that is only related to the surface location; S104: Apply static corrections to the rearranged gathers and evaluate their effectiveness.

2. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive fitting to obtain the linear correction speed in step S101 specifically includes the following steps: Construct a function that is initially fitted: , Its objective function Then we have the following system of equations in the least squares sense: Solving the above system of equations yields: in, This indicates that the seismic wave propagated from the shot point through the subsurface medium to the... i Fitting time for each detector point; n is the number of input samples for fitting; Indicates the delay time; b and c These represent the reciprocals of the apparent velocity of the seismic wave as it propagates along the source-receiver distance and azimuth direction at the refraction interface, respectively.

3. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adaptive fitting in step S101 specifically involves automatically acquiring the vertical layering velocity, which is a set of apparent velocities along the shot-receiver distance direction for different refraction interfaces under a single shot point or receiver point.

4. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical stratification velocity is automatically obtained in the following way: Based on the understanding of the velocity differences in the surface medium in the region, a minimum apparent velocity difference threshold for propagation along the shot-receiver distance direction between different surface media is set, and multiple sets of fitting samples are divided according to the given fitting radius. When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is greater than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic wave is propagating along different refraction interfaces, and the two sets of samples are not merged. When the velocity difference between two adjacent sets of fitted samples is less than the minimum apparent velocity difference threshold, it is considered that the seismic waves represented by the two sets of samples are propagating on the same refraction interface. The two sets of samples are then merged, and the velocity values ​​of the merged samples are fitted again using the fitting formula. This process is repeated until the sample grouping no longer changes. The final apparent velocities of multiple sets of seismic waves propagating along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface, as well as the corresponding delay times and apparent velocities of seismic waves propagating along the azimuth direction on the refraction interface, are obtained through fitting.

5. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S102, the gather information within the first arrival wave guidance window is linearly corrected using the correction velocity obtained in step S101, and the arrival time of the first arrival wave is corrected to be the first arrival wave gather that is only related to the vertical delay of the physical point.

6. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that, The time correction of the first arrival wave in linear correction is performed using the following formula: ABCD represents the travel path of the first arrival wave; T ABCD The initial arrival time is from excitation point A to receiver point B; T AB When the approximate vertical delay is at the location of the excitation point A; T CD When the approximate vertical delay is the location of the receiving point; T CB The time it takes for the first wave to glide at the refraction interface; T 校正 The correction time for the seismic traces associated with excitation point A and receiver point B; b i It is the reciprocal of the apparent velocity of receiver point i as it propagates along the shot-receiver distance direction on the refraction interface; Detector point i belongs to the segment between receiver point B and point C.

7. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S104 involves applying static corrections to the rearranged gather and evaluating its effectiveness. This includes the following steps: Analyze the regularity of the overall change in the first arrival time. If the first arrival time is randomly distributed, it indicates that there is an error in the first arrival picking. If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point do not fluctuate in different gathers, it indicates that there is no static correction problem. If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point are fluctuating in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a static correction problem for surface consistency. If the first arrival times of the same shot point or the same receiver point fluctuate in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the fluctuations are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

8. The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S104 involves applying static corrections to the rearranged gather and evaluating its effectiveness. This includes the following steps: Analyzing the regularity of the overall change of the first arrival wave, if there is no fluctuation or jitter in the phase axis of the first arrival wave in different trace collections, it indicates that there is no static correction problem. If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point has fluctuations and jitters in different gathers, and the jitter amplitude and variation pattern are the same between gathers, it indicates that there is a surface consistency static correction problem. If the first arrival phase axis of the same shot point or the same receiver point exhibits fluctuations and jitter in different gathers, and the amplitude and variation of the jitter are different between gathers, it indicates that there is a non-surface consistent static correction problem.

9. A static correction quality control system for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement, characterized in that, The static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement as described in any one of claims 1-8 includes the following modules: The linear correction speed fitting module performs adaptive fitting of the linear correction speed. The velocity correction module uses the fitted linear correction velocity to perform linear correction on the seismic gathers or first arrival times. The surface consistency rearrangement module rearranges the linearly corrected gathers according to the location of the shot point or receiver point, and displays multiple gathers that are only related to the surface location. The static calibration quality control module evaluates the quality of the calibration effect after rearrangement.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement as described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory that can be executed by the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the static correction quality control method for adaptive velocity fitting and surface consistency rearrangement as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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