A method, system, medium and device for numerical modeling of hot arcing of a lightning rod

Abstract

The application discloses a lightning arrester wire thermal ablation numerical modeling method, system, medium and equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, setting the total simulation time and dividing it into several time periods t k ; S2, constructing a geometric model of lightning strike lightning arrester; S3, setting the initial position and boundary conditions of the lightning arc root; S4, constructing a general electric-thermal coupling field model and calculating the temperature space-time distribution of the lightning arrester; S5, constructing a lightning arc chain model and calculating the sliding displacement of the lightning arc root to obtain the position of the lightning arc root; S6, judging whether the accumulation of each time period reaches the total simulation time; if not, updating the initial position and boundary conditions of the lightning arc root, and repeating steps S3 to S5; if yes, summarizing the temperature space-time distribution of the lightning arrester in each time period; and S7, evaluating the thermal ablation of the lightning arrester. The application realizes the coupling of the sliding movement of the lightning arc root and the solution of the general electric-thermal coupling field, and improves the accuracy of the thermal ablation evaluation of the lightning arrester.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motion modeling technology, specifically, it relates to a numerical modeling method, system, medium and equipment for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires. Background Technology

[0002] To prevent overhead power lines from being struck by lightning, lightning protection wires are typically installed at the top of overhead transmission lines during engineering projects. However, during routine operation and maintenance of these lines, it has been found that lightning strikes can sometimes cause thermal ablation of the strands in the lightning protection wires, exposing the steel material to the external environment. In this situation, the steel is prone to corrosion, leading to a reduction in the mechanical strength and service life of the lightning protection wires, seriously threatening the safe operation of the transmission network. Therefore, it is necessary to study the thermal ablation mechanism of lightning protection wires.

[0003] In the field of thermal ablation mechanisms of lightning-struck lightning conductors, some research has been conducted both domestically and internationally. These studies elucidate the thermal ablation mechanism of lightning-struck lightning conductors: when lightning strikes a lightning conductor, the lightning arc injects energy into the conductor through its root, causing the conductor's temperature to rise, leading to melting and vaporization, resulting in thermal ablation. The energy injected into the conductor by the lightning arc root can be further divided into two parts: one is the Joule heat generated when the lightning current flows through the conductor, and the other is the heat conduction between the high-temperature lightning arc and the conductor. The aforementioned studies, in analyzing the temperature rise process of lightning-struck lightning conductors, generally assume that the position of the lightning arc root is fixed. However, in the actual process of lightning striking a lightning conductor, the lightning arc root will slide along the conductor under the influence of wind loads, electromagnetic forces, and other factors. Compared to the case where the arc root is fixed, the moving arc root will cause thermal ablation over a larger area. Therefore, it is necessary to study the thermal ablation mechanism that takes into account the movement of the lightning arc root.

[0004] To study the mechanism of thermal ablation, an accurate assessment of lightning strike thermal ablation of lightning conductors is first required. Common methods for assessing thermal ablation include experimental and numerical methods. Experimental methods offer the advantage of comprehensiveness and objectivity. However, laboratory equipment capacity does not support simulation of natural lightning strikes characterized by both high current and high voltage. Considering the limitations of experimental methods, existing research on lightning strike thermal ablation leans towards numerical methods. The basic steps of the numerical method are: first, to mathematically model the lightning strike process on a lightning conductor by combining relevant physical equations and boundary conditions; then, to numerically solve the equations using computer programs; and finally, to calculate the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning conductor. However, existing studies using numerical methods neglect the sliding motion of the lightning arc root, merely modeling it as a fixed heat source. How to couple the sliding motion of the lightning arc root into the numerical method for thermal ablation assessment is a problem that this paper urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and provide a numerical modeling method for the thermal ablation of lightning conductors, thereby achieving the coupling of the lightning arc root sliding motion with the solution of the general electrothermal coupled electric field and improving the accuracy of the assessment of the thermal ablation of lightning conductors.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires.

[0007] A third objective of this invention is to provide a storage medium.

[0008] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computing device.

[0009] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Set the total simulation time T, and divide the total simulation time T into several time intervals t. k k∈1…n, where n is a natural number;

[0011] S2. Using the lightning conductor as the X-axis and one end of the lightning conductor as X=0, the root of the lightning arc is equivalent to a cylinder tightly attached to the lightning conductor, thus constructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor; using the axis of the lightning conductor as the x-axis and the vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, a coordinate system is established, and the lightning arc is divided into several cylindrical current micro-elements, thus constructing a two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor.

[0012] S3, during time period t k At the start time, set the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model and the two-dimensional geometric model, and set the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model;

[0013] S4. Construct a general electrothermal coupling field model based on the three-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the time period t by combining the boundary conditions in step S3. k The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire at the end moment;

[0014] S5. Construct a lightning arc chain model based on a two-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the current micro-element corresponding to the root of the lightning arc in time period t. k The sliding displacement within the time interval t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the moment of its termination;

[0015] S6. Determine the time interval t. k Does the cumulative sum reach the total simulation time T?

[0016] If not, proceed to the next time period: t k =t k+1The initial position of the lightning arc root in step S3 is updated based on the position of the lightning arc root in step S5, and the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated in combination with the temperature spatiotemporal distribution of the lightning protection wire in step S4. Steps S3 to S5 are repeated.

[0017] If so, the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire in each time period is summarized to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire in the total simulation time.

[0018] S7. Evaluate the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0019] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] S31. Let the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model be X = D. k Let the coordinates of the current element corresponding to the root of the lightning arc in the two-dimensional geometric model be (x = D). k (y = 0);

[0021] S32. Define the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model as follows: the top of the cylinder is boundary Γ1, the two ends of the lightning protection wire are boundary Γ2, and the surfaces of the lightning protection wire other than boundaries Γ1 and Γ2 are the other boundaries.

[0022] The electrical boundary conditions are as follows: boundary Γ1 is the injected lightning current I(t), where the lightning current I(t) is determined based on the actual lightning current observation data; boundary Γ2 is set to ground: V = 0, where V is the electric potential; other boundaries are set to electrical insulation. Where J is the current density, The gradient symbol,

[0023] The thermal boundary conditions are as follows: boundary Γ1 is the heat flux density at the root of the lightning arc, boundary Γ2 is thermally insulating: q = 0, where q is the heat flux density and the temperature is the initial temperature of the lightning conductor; other boundaries are thermally insulating: q = 0.

[0024] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S41. Based on the energy balance equation, the arc root heat equation, and the electrical equation, construct a general electrothermal coupled field model:

[0026] The energy balance equation reflects the heat conduction process inside the lightning protection wire, as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Where ρ is the density of the lightning protection wire material, C is the specific heat capacity, k is the heat transfer coefficient and σ is the electrical conductivity, θ is the temperature of the lightning protection wire, and t is the time;

[0029] The arc root heat equation reflects the temperature change at the lightning arc root, as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Where, q Γ1 k is the heat flux density flowing through the root of the lightning arc. B Boltzmann constant, e is the electron charge, and θ is the electron charge. arc Let θ be the temperature of the lightning arc surface. OGW U is the surface temperature of the lightning protection wire. anode For the anode voltage drop, W OGW The work function generated on the surface of the lightning protection wire;

[0032] The electrical equations are as follows:

[0033]

[0034] J = σE, Equation (4)

[0035]

[0036] Where J is the current density, ΔV is the potential gradient, E is the electric field strength, and Q is the charge.

[0037] S42. Combining the boundary conditions in step S3, the time interval t is obtained by simultaneously solving equations (1) to (5) using simulation software. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process.

[0038] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] S51. Based on the force equation of the lightning arc root, construct a lightning arc chain model, as shown in equation (6). Calculate the sliding velocity v of the corresponding current element at the lightning arc root based on this force equation:

[0040]

[0041] Where R is the radius of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, L is the length of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, m is the mass of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, and v wind Let B be the wind speed, ρ be the magnetic flux density, g be the acceleration due to gravity, and C be the magnetic field strength. D This refers to the air drag coefficient;

[0042] S52, Time period t k The time steps are divided into several time steps Δt. Within one time step Δt, the sliding velocity v of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root remains constant. The sliding displacement Δx of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root is calculated as shown in equation (7):

[0043]

[0044] Update the position of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, as shown in equation (8):

[0045]

[0046] Among them, (x i ,y i Let Δx be the coordinate of the i-th current element. i Let Δx be the sliding displacement of the i-th current element within the time step Δt. i,x For Δx i The projection onto the x-axis, Δx i,y For Δx i The projections on the y-axis, with the superscripts "t" and "t+1" representing time t and time t+Δt respectively;

[0047] S53. Repeat steps S51 to S52 until the sum of each time step Δt equals the time interval t. k The output lightning arc root corresponding current element in time period t k Total sliding displacement x root As shown in equation (9):

[0048]

[0049] Where, Δx t root Let Δx be the sliding displacement of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root within the time step Δt. t root x is Δx t root Projection onto the x-axis;

[0050] S54. Combining the initial position of the lightning arc root from step S3, the time period t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the event, D′ K As shown in equation (10),

[0051] D′ k =D k +x root Equation (10)

[0052] Among them, D k For time period t k The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start time.

[0053] Preferably, step S6 specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] When the sum of the time intervals does not reach the total simulation time: t1 + t2 + ... + tn <T, proceed to the next time period t k+1 :

[0055] Time period t k The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the arc D′ K Let the time period be t. k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start of the event;

[0056] Based on time period t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start time, combined with the time interval t. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process is updated, and the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated accordingly.

[0057] Repeat steps S3 to S5 until the sum of each time interval reaches the total simulation time t1 + t2 + ... + t. n =T, end the loop, and output the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0058] Preferably, step S7 specifically includes:

[0059] The thermal ablation rate p is calculated using simulation software, and the thermal ablation condition of the lightning protection wire is evaluated based on the thermal ablation rate, as shown in Equation (11).

[0060]

[0061] Among them, V OGW The volume V for modeling the lightning protection wire melt This refers to the volume of a lightning protection wire whose temperature is higher than the melting point of the lightning protection wire material.

[0062] A numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires, comprising:

[0063] The time division module is used to set the total simulation time T and divide the total simulation time T into several time intervals t. k k∈1…n, where n is a natural number;

[0064] The geometric model building module is used to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor, with the lightning conductor as the X-axis and one end of the lightning conductor as X=0, and to represent the root of the lightning arc as a cylinder tightly attached to the lightning conductor. The module also establishes a coordinate system with the axis of the lightning conductor as the X-axis and a vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, and divides the lightning arc into several cylindrical current elements to construct a two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor.

[0065] The initialization module is used to initialize time period t. k At the start time, set the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model and the two-dimensional geometric model, and set the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model;

[0066] The general electrothermal coupling field solution module is used to construct a general electrothermal coupling field model based on a three-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the time period t by combining the boundary conditions in the initialization module. k The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire at the end moment;

[0067] The lightning arc root sliding motion module is used to construct a lightning arc chain model based on a two-dimensional geometric model and calculate the current micro-element corresponding to the lightning arc root in time period t. k The sliding displacement within the time interval t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the moment of its termination;

[0068] The coupling module is used to handle different time periods t. k If the cumulative sum does not reach the total simulation time T, the next time period begins: t k =t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root in the initialization module is updated based on the position of the lightning arc root in the lightning arc root sliding motion module. Combined with the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning conductor in the general electrothermal coupling field solution module, the boundary conditions in the initialization module are updated. The initialization module is then run repeatedly until the lightning arc root sliding motion module is reached. When each time period t... k The sum of these values ​​reaches the total simulation time T. The spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire is then summarized within each time period to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0069] The thermal ablation assessment module is used to assess the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0070] Preferably, the thermal ablation assessment module specifically includes:

[0071] The calculation module is used to calculate the thermal ablation rate p through simulation software, and to evaluate the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the thermal ablation rate, as shown in Equation (11).

[0072]

[0073] Among them, V OGW The volume V for modeling the lightning protection wire melt This refers to the volume of a lightning protection wire whose temperature is higher than the melting point of the lightning protection wire material.

[0074] A storage medium storing a program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires described above.

[0075] A computing device includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable programs. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires described above.

[0076] The present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:

[0077] (1) This invention divides the total simulation time into several time periods for discrete solution. In each time period, the displacement of the lightning arc root sliding on the lightning protection line is calculated by the lightning arc chain model. The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the current time period is output. The position of the lightning arc root is used to update the boundary conditions of the general electrothermal coupling field model. This realizes the coupling of the lightning arc root sliding motion into the numerical solution process and achieves deep interaction between the two models. Compared with the traditional numerical method based on the electrothermal coupling field model, this invention considers the influence of the lightning arc root sliding motion and improves the accuracy of the thermal ablation assessment of the lightning protection line.

[0078] (2) The present invention provides a numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires. Within a time period, the initialization module, the general electrothermal coupling field solution module, the lightning arc root motion module, and the coupling module operate sequentially. The initialization module outputs the initial position and boundary conditions at the start of the time period. The general electrothermal coupling field solution module calculates and outputs the spatiotemporal temperature change of the lightning protection wire. The lightning arc root motion module calculates and outputs the position of the lightning arc root. In the coupling module, the initial position is updated according to the position of the lightning arc root, and the boundary conditions are updated according to the spatiotemporal temperature change of the lightning protection wire. Then, the calculation and analysis of the next time period are entered. The influence of the sliding motion of the lightning arc root on the temperature change of the lightning protection wire is considered, making the modeling and calculation more consistent with the real physical process of lightning strike on the lightning protection wire. At the same time, the influence of the real-time change of the cylinder corresponding to the lightning arc root on the numerical solution is avoided.

[0079] (3) This invention proposes thermal ablation rate as the evaluation index for the thermal erosion of lightning protection wires. Based on the spatiotemporal distribution of lightning protection wire temperature obtained from the general electrothermal coupling field model, the thermal ablation rate is calculated by simulation software, realizing the quantitative evaluation of the thermal ablation of lightning protection wires. This has important reference significance for evaluating the service life of lightning protection wires. Attached Figure Description

[0080] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to the present invention.

[0081] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation process of some modules of a numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to the present invention.

[0082] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning protection wire of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a boundary diagram of the three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning protection wire of the present invention.

[0084] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning protection wire of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0085] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart of a numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires, including the following steps:

[0088] S1. Set the total simulation time T, and divide the total simulation time T into several time intervals t. k k∈1…n, where n is a natural number;

[0089] S2. Using the lightning conductor as the X-axis and one end of the lightning conductor as X=0, the root of the lightning arc is equivalent to a cylinder tightly attached to the lightning conductor, thus constructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor; using the axis of the lightning conductor as the x-axis and the vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, a coordinate system is established, and the lightning arc is divided into several cylindrical current micro-elements, thus constructing a two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor.

[0090] S3, during time period t k At the start time, set the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model and the two-dimensional geometric model, and set the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model;

[0091] S4. Construct a general electrothermal coupling field model based on the three-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the time period t by combining the boundary conditions in step S3. k The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire at the end moment;

[0092] S5. Construct a lightning arc chain model based on a two-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the current micro-element corresponding to the root of the lightning arc in time period t. k The sliding displacement within the time interval t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the moment of its termination;

[0093] S6. Determine the time interval t. k Does the cumulative sum reach the total simulation time T?

[0094] If not, proceed to the next time period: t k =t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root in step S3 is updated based on the position of the lightning arc root in step S5, and the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated in combination with the temperature spatiotemporal distribution of the lightning protection wire in step S4. Steps S3 to S5 are repeated.

[0095] If so, the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire in each time period is summarized to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire in the total simulation time.

[0096] S7. Evaluate the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0097] Specifically, in constructing the geometric model of the lightning protection wire, considering that the heat exchange process mainly occurs between the lightning protection wire and the lightning arc root, this invention only models these two main components. Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional geometric model. Figure 4 The boundary conditions for the three-dimensional geometric model. Figure 5 It is a two-dimensional geometric model. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the geometric scene of a lightning strike on a lightning conductor is represented by the lightning conductor and a cylinder adjacent to it. For the lightning conductor, aluminum-clad steel stranded wire is used as the modeling object, and the length L of the lightning conductor is... wire ≥1m, the radius is set according to the actual parameters of the lightning protection wire, and the conductivity and heat transfer coefficient are set according to the material of the lightning protection wire;

[0098] In this embodiment, the lightning protection wire is 1m long and has a stranded wire structure, consisting of 7 strands of the same diameter. The radius of each strand is 0.224mm, and each strand includes an outer layer of aluminum and an inner layer of steel. The relevant parameters are shown in the table below.

[0099] Table 1 Parameters of Aluminum and Steel

[0100]

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention achieves the interaction and coupling of the lightning arc chain model and the general electrothermal coupled field model in two aspects. On the one hand, the total simulation time is divided into several time periods by using the discretization idea. In each time period, the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning conductor is solved by the general electrothermal coupled field model, and the sliding motion of the lightning arc root is solved by the lightning arc chain model. The calculation of the short time period facilitates the deep interaction between the two models, while the traditional electrothermal coupled field model is often solved directly in one go within the simulation time.

[0102] On the other hand, within this time period, the output of the lightning arc chain model—the change in the position of the lightning arc root—updates the boundary conditions of the general electrothermal coupled field model for the next time period. This affects the solution results of the general electrothermal coupled field model for the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature on the lightning conductor in the next time period, achieving a unidirectional coupling effect. Simultaneously, the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature in the general electrothermal coupled field model for this time period is also used to update the boundary conditions of the general electrothermal coupled field model for the next time period. In other words, this invention considers the influence of the sliding motion of the lightning arc root on the temperature change of the lightning conductor, making the modeling and calculation more closely resemble the actual physical process of lightning strikes on lightning conductors, while avoiding the influence of real-time changes in the cylinder corresponding to the lightning arc root on the numerical solution.

[0103] The simulation time T is generally set to the time during which the lightning arc root undergoes its sliding motion, i.e., the duration of the lightning strike. It can be set to 0 < T ≤ 1 s. The simulation time is divided into multiple small time intervals, each with a duration of t. k Simulation verification showed that t k The value range is 10ms ≤ t m When the time is ≤200ms, the calculation results are already basically accurate.

[0104] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the total simulation time is set to T = 100ms, which is divided into two time periods, each time period t m =50ms, the lightning arc root position is D=0.2m. At 0ms, the geometric model and boundary conditions of the lightning protection wire are generated according to the above conditions. The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and the position of lightning arc root of the lightning protection wire within 0-50ms are solved by the general electrothermal coupling field model and the lightning arc chain model respectively. The output results are: the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and the position of lightning arc root of the lightning protection wire at 50ms. According to the above output results, the initial position of the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and the position of lightning arc root of the lightning protection wire at 50ms is updated, and the three-dimensional geometric model and boundary conditions at 50ms are generated. The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and the position of lightning arc root of the lightning protection wire within 50-100ms are solved by the general electrothermal coupling field model and the lightning arc chain model respectively. The output results are: the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and the position of lightning arc root of the lightning protection wire at 100ms respectively. The output results of the general electrothermal coupling field model in the above two time periods are summarized to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire within the simulation time of 100ms.

[0105] Thermal erosion caused by lightning strikes can affect the mechanical properties of lightning protection wires, and the sliding motion of the lightning arc root can exacerbate this process. This invention provides an accurate assessment of the thermal erosion of lightning protection wires by taking into account the sliding motion of the lightning arc root, which is of great significance for ensuring the stable operation of the power grid and the service life of equipment.

[0106] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0107] S31. Let the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model be X = D. k Let the coordinates of the current element corresponding to the root of the lightning arc in the two-dimensional geometric model be (x = D). k (y = 0);

[0108] S32. Define the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model as follows: the top of the cylinder is boundary Γ1, the two ends of the lightning protection wire are boundary Γ2, and the surfaces of the lightning protection wire other than boundaries Γ1 and Γ2 are the other boundaries.

[0109] The electrical boundary conditions are as follows: boundary Γ1 is the injected lightning current I(t), where the lightning current I(t) is determined based on the actual lightning current observation data; boundary Γ2 is set to ground: V = 0, where V is the electric potential; other boundaries are set to electrical insulation. Where J is the current density, The gradient symbol,

[0110] The thermal boundary conditions are as follows: boundary Γ1 is the heat flux density at the root of the lightning arc, boundary Γ2 is thermally insulating: q = 0, where q is the heat flux density and the temperature is the initial temperature of the lightning conductor; other boundaries are thermally insulating: q = 0.

[0111] Specifically, the initial position of the lightning arc root is consistent in both the three-dimensional and two-dimensional coordinate systems, which facilitates the representation that the two coordinate systems are constructed for the same lightning strike protection wire scenario, improving modeling accuracy. The initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model, the heat flux density of the lightning arc root in the boundary conditions, and the initial temperature of the protection wire (corresponding to the start time of each time period) are all variables: on the one hand, the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model (i.e., the position of the lightning arc root at the start time of this time period) is updated based on the calculation results of the lightning arc chain model of the previous time period. In this embodiment, for the first time period, the initial position of the lightning arc root is D1 = 0.2L. wire ;

[0112] On the other hand, the initial temperature of the lightning conductor in the boundary conditions (i.e., the temperature of the lightning conductor at the beginning of this time period) is the temperature of the lightning conductor at the end of the previous time period. It is updated according to the calculation results of the general electrothermal coupling field model of the previous time period. In this embodiment, for the first time period, the initial temperature of the lightning conductor is set to room temperature. The heat flux density of the lightning arc root in the boundary conditions can be calculated by equation (2). The initial value of the temperature of the lightning arc root in the first time period is artificially given to a higher temperature, such as 2000℃. The subsequent time periods are updated by solving the energy balance equation. That is, the heat flux density of the lightning arc root is updated according to the calculation results of the general electrothermal coupling field model of the previous time period.

[0113] The initialization of electrical-related initial conditions mainly involves the current injection at the top surface of the cylinder corresponding to the lightning arc root, i.e., boundary Γ1, and the current outflow at both ends of the lightning protection wire, i.e., boundary Γ2. The lightning current injected into the lightning arc root can be taken as the common x = Dk or other complex functions, as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Where t is time, e is the natural constant, Ia is the lightning current amplitude, tα is the tail time, tβ is the head time, η is the correction factor for the current peak value, and n is the steepness factor. Both η and n are constants.

[0116] Step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0117] S41. Based on the energy balance equation, the arc root heat equation, and the electrical equation, construct a general electrothermal coupled field model:

[0118] The energy balance equation reflects the heat conduction process inside the lightning protection wire, as follows:

[0119]

[0120] Where ρ is the density of the lightning protection wire material, C is the specific heat capacity, k is the heat transfer coefficient and σ is the electrical conductivity, θ is the temperature of the lightning protection wire, and t is the time;

[0121] The arc root heat equation reflects the temperature change at the lightning arc root, as follows:

[0122]

[0123] Where, q Γ1 k is the heat flux density flowing through the root of the lightning arc. B Boltzmann constant, e is the electron charge, and θ is the electron charge. arc Let θ be the temperature of the lightning arc surface. OGW U is the surface temperature of the lightning protection wire. anode For the anode voltage drop, W OGW The work function generated on the surface of the lightning protection wire;

[0124] The electrical equations are as follows:

[0125]

[0126] J = σE, Equation (4)

[0127]

[0128] Where J is the current density, ΔV is the potential gradient, E is the electric field strength, and Q is the charge.

[0129] S42. Combining the boundary conditions in step S3, the time interval t is obtained by simultaneously solving equations (1) to (5) using simulation software. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process.

[0130] Specifically, the construction of the general electrothermal coupling field model falls within the scope of existing traditional numerical methods and can be simulated using common 3D simulation software (such as COMSOL). In this invention, the numerical solution of the general electrothermal coupling field model selects the first type of boundary condition—the initial value of the variable to be solved, i.e., the initial temperature of the lightning rod. The continuous space is discretized into multiple smaller spaces, assuming that the temperature within each smaller space is the same. Simultaneously, the continuous time is also discretized into several time intervals. For each smaller space and time interval, the difference equation corresponding to the differential equation used to construct the general electrothermal coupling field model is solved to obtain the temperature of that space and that time. Integrating the temperatures of all spaces and all times gives the desired spatiotemporal temperature distribution. In the above model construction and solution process of this invention, as the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated, the boundary conditions at the start of each time interval are different. Therefore, the output spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning rod is more realistic, approximately simulating the actual process of lightning striking a lightning rod.

[0131] Step S5 specifically includes the following steps:

[0132] S51. Based on the force equation of the lightning arc root, construct a lightning arc chain model, as shown in equation (6). Calculate the sliding velocity v of the corresponding current element at the lightning arc root based on this force equation:

[0133]

[0134] Where R is the radius of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, L is the length of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, m is the mass of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, and v wind Let B be the wind speed, ρ be the magnetic flux density, g be the acceleration due to gravity, and C be the magnetic field strength. D This refers to the air drag coefficient;

[0135] S52, Time period t k The time steps are divided into several time steps Δt. Within one time step Δt, the sliding velocity v of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root remains constant. The sliding displacement Δx of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root is calculated as shown in equation (7):

[0136]

[0137] Update the position of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, as shown in equation (8):

[0138]

[0139] Among them, (x i ,y i Let Δx be the coordinate of the i-th current element. i Let Δx be the sliding displacement of the i-th current element within the time step Δt. i,x For Δx i The projection onto the x-axis, Δx i,y For Δx i The projections on the y-axis, with the superscripts "t" and "t+1" representing time t and time t+Δt respectively;

[0140] S53. Repeat steps S51 to S52 until the sum of each time step Δt equals the time interval t. k The output lightning arc root corresponding current element in time period t k Total sliding displacement x root As shown in equation (9):

[0141]

[0142] Where, Δx t root Let Δx be the sliding displacement of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root within the time step Δt. t root,x For Δx t root Projection on the x-axis; considering that this invention mainly focuses on the sliding motion of the lightning arc root, the displacement of the current micro-element corresponding to the lightning arc root in each time step is superimposed to obtain the total sliding displacement of the lightning arc root.

[0143] S54. Combining the initial position of the lightning arc root from step S3, the time period t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the event, D′ K As shown in equation (10),

[0144] D′ k =D k +x root Equation (10)

[0145] Among them, D k For time period t k The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start time.

[0146] Specifically, to reduce the computational overhead of the model, the motion of the lightning arc, including the lightning arc root, is simplified into a two-dimensional motion, namely, horizontal motion along the axis of the lightning protection wire (the direction of focus in this invention) and vertical motion perpendicular to the ground. Based on this simplification, a two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the axis of the lightning protection wire as the x-axis and the vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, as follows: Figure 5As shown, a vertical lightning arc is generated on the lightning protection line as the initial motion state of the lightning arc. The generated lightning arc is divided into multiple cylindrical current elements with a very small step size. The idea of ​​current elements is similar to the spatial discretization idea in numerical solution methods, which provides convenience for subsequent analysis.

[0147] The force equation for the root of a lightning arc is derived based on Newton's second law, primarily considering the effects of wind load, electromagnetic force, thermal buoyancy, and air resistance. To calculate the displacement, the chain model employs a time-discretion approach similar to numerical solutions, dividing the arc's motion time into several hourly steps (approximately 1 ms each). Within a single hourly step, the position of the current element remains approximately constant, and therefore its velocity is also approximately constant. Based on the traditional lightning arc chain model, the sliding velocity of the current element corresponding to the arc root is calculated, and then the sliding displacement of that current element is calculated. In this process, the position of the current element corresponding to the arc root in the lightning arc chain model is updated after each hourly step, and the sliding displacement of this current element is used to update the position of the arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model.

[0148] Step S6 specifically includes the following steps:

[0149] When the sum of the time intervals does not reach the total simulation time: t1 + t2 + ... + t n <T, proceed to the next time period t k+1 :

[0150] Time period t k The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the arc D′ K Let the time period be t. k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start of the event;

[0151] Based on time period t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start time, combined with the time interval t. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process is updated, and the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated accordingly.

[0152] Repeat steps S3 to S5 until the sum of each time interval reaches the total simulation time t1 + t2 + ... + t. n =T, end the loop, and output the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0153] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the total simulation time T is divided into two time periods t1 and t2, the simulation calculation for the second time period t2 begins after the first time period t1 ends.

[0154] After the first time interval t1 ends, the output of the lightning arc chain model is the position D′ of the lightning arc root at the end of time interval t1. K The output of the general electrothermal coupled field model is the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire within time period t1, thus obtaining the time period t. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process;

[0155] The position D′ of the lightning arc root at the end of time period t1. K Let t2 be the initial position of the lightning arc root at the start of time period t2. At this time, the position of the cylinder corresponding to the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model on the lightning protection line changes, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the boundary shape corresponding to the lightning protection wire changes at this time, and then according to the time period t k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection line at the end of the time period is calculated, and the initial temperature of the lightning protection line in the boundary conditions is updated. Then, the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection line in time period t2 is obtained through general electrothermal coupling field calculation. Finally, the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection line in time period t1 and time period t2 are summarized.

[0156] Step S7 specifically includes:

[0157] The thermal ablation rate p is calculated using simulation software, and the thermal ablation condition of the lightning protection wire is evaluated based on the thermal ablation rate, as shown in Equation (11).

[0158]

[0159] Among them, V OGW The volume V for modeling the lightning protection wire melt For the volume of a lightning conductor whose temperature is higher than the melting point of the lightning conductor material, the larger the thermal ablation rate p, the more severe the thermal ablation phenomenon.

[0160] Specifically, this invention proposes the thermal ablation rate p as the evaluation index for the thermal erosion of lightning protection wires. The output of the general electrothermal coupled field model is the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire. In this embodiment, the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire is obtained based on the general electrothermal coupled field model, and V is calculated using simulation software. melt By combining the specific values ​​with the material parameters of the lightning protection wire, the specific value of the thermal ablation rate can be obtained, thus realizing a quantitative assessment of the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire, which has important reference significance for assessing the service life of the lightning protection wire.

[0161] Example 2

[0162] A numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires, comprising:

[0163] The time division module is used to set the total simulation time T and divide the total simulation time T into several time intervals t. kk∈1…n, where n is a natural number;

[0164] The geometric model building module is used to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor, with the lightning conductor as the X-axis and one end of the lightning conductor as X=0, and to represent the root of the lightning arc as a cylinder tightly attached to the lightning conductor. The module also establishes a coordinate system with the axis of the lightning conductor as the X-axis and a vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, and divides the lightning arc into several cylindrical current elements to construct a two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor.

[0165] The initialization module is used to initialize time period t. k At the start time, set the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model and the two-dimensional geometric model, and set the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model;

[0166] The general electrothermal coupling field solution module is used to construct a general electrothermal coupling field model based on a three-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the time period t by combining the boundary conditions in the initialization module. k The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire at the end moment;

[0167] The lightning arc root sliding motion module is used to construct a lightning arc chain model based on a two-dimensional geometric model and calculate the current micro-element corresponding to the lightning arc root in time period t. k The sliding displacement within the time interval t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the moment of its termination;

[0168] The coupling module is used to handle different time periods t. k If the cumulative sum does not reach the total simulation time T, the next time period begins: t k =t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root in the initialization module is updated based on the position of the lightning arc root in the lightning arc root sliding motion module. Combined with the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning conductor in the general electrothermal coupling field solution module, the boundary conditions in the initialization module are updated. The initialization module is then run repeatedly until the lightning arc root sliding motion module is reached. When each time period t... k The sum of these values ​​reaches the total simulation time T. The spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire is then summarized within each time period to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0169] The thermal ablation assessment module is used to assess the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

[0170] The thermal ablation assessment module specifically includes:

[0171] The calculation module is used to calculate the thermal ablation rate p through simulation software, and to evaluate the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the thermal ablation rate, as shown in Equation (11).

[0172]

[0173] Among them, V OGW The volume V for modeling the lightning protection wire melt This refers to the volume of a lightning protection wire whose temperature is higher than the melting point of the lightning protection wire material.

[0174] Example 3

[0175] A storage medium storing a program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires as described in Embodiment 1.

[0176] The specific processing steps described above are as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0177] In this embodiment, the storage medium can be a disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, or other media.

[0178] Example 4

[0179] A computing device includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable programs. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires described in Embodiment 1.

[0180] The specific processing steps described above are as in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0181] In this embodiment, the computing device can be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a PDA handheld terminal, a tablet computer, or other terminal devices.

[0182] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any changes or other equivalent substitutions made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Set the total simulation time T, and divide the total simulation time T into several time intervals t. k k∈1…n, where n is a natural number; S2. Using the lightning conductor as the X-axis and one end of the lightning conductor as X=0, the root of the lightning arc is equivalent to a cylinder tightly attached to the lightning conductor. The material parameters of the lightning conductor are set to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor. Using the axis of the lightning conductor as the X-axis and the vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, a coordinate system is established. The lightning arc is divided into several cylindrical current micro-elements to construct a two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor. S3, during time period t k At the start time, set the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model and the two-dimensional geometric model, and set the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model; S4. Construct a general electrothermal coupling field model based on the three-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the time period t by combining the boundary conditions in step S3. k The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire at the end moment; S5. Construct a lightning arc chain model based on a two-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the current micro-element corresponding to the root of the lightning arc in time period t. k The sliding displacement within the time interval t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the moment of its termination; S6. Determine the time interval t. k Does the cumulative sum reach the total simulation time T? If not, proceed to the next time period: t k =t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root in step S3 is updated based on the position of the lightning arc root in step S5, and the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated in combination with the temperature spatiotemporal distribution of the lightning protection wire in step S4. Steps S3 to S5 are repeated. If so, the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire in each time period is summarized to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire in the total simulation time. S7. Evaluate the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

2. The numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Let the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model be X = D. k Let the coordinates of the current element corresponding to the root of the lightning arc in the two-dimensional geometric model be (x = D). k (y = 0); S32. Define the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model as follows: the top of the cylinder is boundary Γ1, the two ends of the lightning protection wire are boundary Γ2, and the surfaces of the lightning protection wire other than boundaries Γ1 and Γ2 are the other boundaries. The electrical boundary conditions are as follows: boundary Γ1 is the injected lightning current I(t), where the lightning current I(t) is determined based on the actual lightning current observation data; boundary Γ2 is set to ground: V = 0, where V is the electric potential; other boundaries are set to electrical insulation. Where J is the current density, and ▽ is the gradient sign. The thermal boundary conditions are as follows: boundary Γ1 is the heat flux density at the root of the lightning arc, boundary Γ2 is thermally insulating: q = 0, where q is the heat flux density and the temperature is the initial temperature of the lightning conductor; other boundaries are thermally insulating: q = 0.

3. The numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Based on the energy balance equation, the arc root heat equation, and the electrical equation, construct a general electrothermal coupled field model: The energy balance equation reflects the heat conduction process inside the lightning protection wire, as follows: Where ρ is the density of the lightning protection wire material, C is the specific heat capacity, k is the heat transfer coefficient and σ is the electrical conductivity, θ is the temperature of the lightning protection wire, and t is the time; The arc root heat equation reflects the temperature change at the lightning arc root, as follows: Where, q Γ1 k is the heat flux density flowing through the root of the lightning arc. B Boltzmann constant, e is the electron charge, and θ is the electron charge. arc θ is the temperature at the root of the lightning arc. OGW U is the surface temperature of the lightning protection wire. anode For the anode voltage drop, W OGW The work function generated on the surface of the lightning protection wire; The electrical equations are as follows: J = σE, Equation (4) Where J is the current density, ΔV is the potential gradient, E is the electric field strength, and Q is the charge. S42. Combining the boundary conditions in step S3, the time interval t is obtained by simultaneously solving equations (1) to (5) using simulation software. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process.

4. The numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes the following steps: S51. Based on the force equation of the lightning arc root, construct a lightning arc chain model, as shown in equation (6). Calculate the sliding velocity v of the corresponding current element at the lightning arc root based on this force equation: Where R is the radius of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, L is the length of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, m is the mass of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, and v wind Let B be the wind speed, ρ be the magnetic flux density, g be the acceleration due to gravity, and C be the magnetic field strength. D This refers to the air drag coefficient; S52, Time period t k The time steps are divided into several time steps Δt. Within one time step Δt, the sliding velocity v of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root remains constant. The sliding displacement Δx of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root is calculated as shown in equation (7): Update the position of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root, as shown in equation (8): Among them, (x i ,y i Let Δx be the coordinate of the i-th current element. i Let Δx be the sliding displacement of the i-th current element within the time step Δt. i,x For Δx i The projection onto the x-axis, Δx i,y For Δx i The projections on the y-axis, with the superscripts "t" and "t+1" representing time t and time t+Δt respectively; S53. Repeat steps S51 to S52 until the sum of each time step Δt equals the time interval t. k The output lightning arc root corresponding current element in time period t k Total sliding displacement x root As shown in equation (9): Where, Δx t root Let Δx be the sliding displacement of the current element corresponding to the lightning arc root within the time step Δt. t root,x For Δx t root Projection onto the x-axis; S54. Combining the initial position of the lightning arc root from step S3, the time period t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the event, D′ K As shown in equation (10), D′ k =D k +x root Equation (10) Among them, D k For time period t k The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start time.

5. The numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 specifically includes the following steps: When the sum of the time intervals does not reach the total simulation time: t1 + t2 + ... + t n <T, proceed to the next time period t k+1 : Time period t k The position of the lightning arc root at the end of the arc D′ K Let the time period be t. k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start of the event; Based on time period t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root at the start time, combined with the time interval t. k The spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire at the end of the process is updated, and the boundary conditions in step S3 are updated accordingly. Repeat steps S3 to S5 until the sum of each time interval reaches the total simulation time t1 + t2 + ... + t. n =T, end the loop, and output the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

6. The numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 specifically includes: The thermal ablation rate p is calculated using simulation software, and the thermal ablation condition of the lightning protection wire is evaluated based on the thermal ablation rate, as shown in Equation (11). Among them, V OGW The volume V for modeling the lightning protection wire melt This refers to the volume of a lightning protection wire whose temperature is higher than the melting point of the lightning protection wire material.

7. A numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires, characterized in that, include: The time division module is used to set the total simulation time T and divide the total simulation time T into several time intervals t. k k∈1…n, where n is a natural number; The geometric model building module is used to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor, with the lightning conductor as the X-axis and one end of the lightning conductor as X=0, and to represent the root of the lightning arc as a cylinder tightly attached to the lightning conductor. The module also establishes a coordinate system with the axis of the lightning conductor as the X-axis and a vector perpendicular to the ground as the y-axis, and divides the lightning arc into several cylindrical current elements to construct a two-dimensional geometric model of the lightning-struck lightning conductor. The initialization module is used to initialize time period t. k At the start time, set the initial position of the lightning arc root in the three-dimensional geometric model and the two-dimensional geometric model, and set the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional geometric model; The general electrothermal coupling field solution module is used to construct a general electrothermal coupling field model based on a three-dimensional geometric model, and calculate the time period t by combining the boundary conditions in the initialization module. k The spatiotemporal distribution of temperature of the lightning protection wire at the end moment; The lightning arc root sliding motion module is used to construct a lightning arc chain model based on a two-dimensional geometric model and calculate the current micro-element corresponding to the lightning arc root in time period t. k The sliding displacement within the time interval t is obtained. k The position of the lightning arc root at the moment of its termination; The coupling module is used to handle different time periods t. k If the cumulative sum does not reach the total simulation time T, the next time period begins: t k =t k+1 The initial position of the lightning arc root in the initialization module is updated based on the position of the lightning arc root in the lightning arc root sliding motion module. Combined with the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning conductor in the general electrothermal coupling field solution module, the boundary conditions in the initialization module are updated. The initialization module is then run repeatedly until the lightning arc root sliding motion module is reached. When each time period t... k The sum of these values ​​reaches the total simulation time T. The spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire is then summarized within each time period to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the temperature of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time. The thermal ablation assessment module is used to assess the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the spatiotemporal temperature distribution of the lightning protection wire during the total simulation time.

8. The numerical modeling system for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thermal ablation assessment module specifically includes: The calculation module is used to calculate the thermal ablation rate p through simulation software, and to evaluate the thermal ablation of the lightning protection wire based on the thermal ablation rate, as shown in Equation (11). Among them, V OGW The volume V for modeling the lightning protection wire melt This refers to the volume of a lightning protection wire whose temperature is higher than the melting point of the lightning protection wire material.

9. A storage medium storing a program, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements a numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computing device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable programs. When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements a numerical modeling method for thermal ablation of lightning protection wires as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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