Heat exchange assembly of battery pack and battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a heat exchange assembly of a battery pack, the battery pack and a vehicle. The battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, and the heat exchange assembly comprises a uniform temperature plate. The uniform temperature plate is suitable for heat exchange with the plurality of single batteries. A heat pipe is arranged in the uniform temperature plate. The extension direction of the heat pipe is parallel to a first direction. The first direction is the extension direction of the single battery from a first electrode to a second electrode. A heat storage plate is arranged in a second direction. The heat storage plate and the uniform temperature plate are arranged in a stacking mode. The heat storage plate is configured to store heat and release heat. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The battery pack according to the embodiment of the application can have the advantages that the single batteries are uniformly tempered, the temperature difference of the single batteries is reduced, the charging and discharging efficiency of the single batteries is improved, the temperature of the battery during high-rate charging and discharging of the single batteries is effectively reduced, the single batteries are efficiently temperature-controlled, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a heat exchange component for a battery pack, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, batteries are mainly thermally managed directly through refrigerant direct cooling and heating plates. When the battery's charge / discharge rate is high or the battery's temperature difference is large, the direct cooling and heating plates have limited cooling capacity and cannot meet the battery's temperature equalization requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a heat exchange component for a battery pack, which can equalize the temperature of individual cells, reduce the temperature difference between individual cells, improve the charge and discharge efficiency of individual cells, effectively reduce the temperature of individual cells during high-rate charge and discharge, and achieve efficient temperature control of individual cells.

[0004] The present invention also proposes a battery pack having the heat exchange assembly and a vehicle having the battery pack.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a heat exchange assembly for a battery pack includes a plurality of individual cells. The heat exchange assembly includes a heat spreader adapted to exchange heat with the plurality of individual cells. A heat pipe is disposed within the heat spreader, the extension direction of which is parallel to a first direction, the first direction being the extension direction of the individual cell from a first electrode to a second electrode. A heat storage plate is also included. In a second direction, the heat storage plate and the heat spreader are stacked together. The heat storage plate is configured to store and release heat, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

[0006] The battery pack according to embodiments of the present invention can equalize the temperature of individual cells, reduce the temperature difference between individual cells, improve the charging and discharging efficiency of individual cells, effectively reduce the temperature of individual cells during high-rate charging and discharging, and achieve efficient temperature control of individual cells.

[0007] In addition, the battery pack according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat storage plate is configured to cover the heat spreader.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat storage plate includes a heat storage shell and a heat storage material component. The heat storage shell is disposed on the heat distribution plate, and a holding cavity is provided inside the heat storage shell. The heat storage material component is disposed inside the holding cavity, and the heat storage material component is configured to absorb or release heat during phase change.

[0010] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the holding cavity is parallel to the first direction. In a third direction, the heat storage shell is provided with a plurality of holding cavities. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The filling amount of the heat storage material at both ends of the holding cavity is greater than the filling amount of the heat storage material in the middle of the holding cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments, the extending direction of the holding cavity is parallel to the first direction. In a third direction, the heat storage shell is provided with a plurality of the holding cavities. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The phase change point of the heat storage material at both ends of the holding cavity is lower than the phase change point of the heat storage material in the middle of the holding cavity.

[0012] In some examples, the heat spreader and the heat storage plate are integrally formed, and the heat storage shell and the heat spreader together define the holding cavity.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange assembly further includes a heat exchange plate for cooling and / or heating the plurality of individual cells, wherein, in the second direction, the heat exchange plate is adapted to be located on one or both sides of the plurality of individual cells.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of sub-heat exchange plate groups, the plurality of sub-heat exchange plate groups being arranged in a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the sub-temperature heat exchanger group includes a plurality of sub-temperature heat exchangers, which are arranged in a first direction.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of sub-heat exchange plates, which are arranged in a first direction.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a battery pack is provided, the battery pack comprising: a plurality of individual cells, each individual cell having a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the extension direction of the individual cell from the first electrode to the second electrode is defined as a first direction, and a second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the plurality of individual cells being arranged in a third direction, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction being perpendicular to each other; and a heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly being the heat exchange assembly according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein in the second direction, the heat exchange assembly and the plurality of individual cells are stacked, the heat spreader and the heat storage plate are stacked, and the extension direction of the heat pipe is parallel to the first direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heat exchange component is the heat exchange component described in the above embodiments, and in the second direction, the heat exchange plate and the heat spreader are distributed on both sides of the plurality of individual cells.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange plate is provided with a refrigerant flow channel inside.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a battery frame, the battery frame having a fixing part adapted to be fixed to a vehicle body, the battery frame defining a placement space that is open at both the top and bottom, and the plurality of individual batteries being placed in the placement space; the battery pack further includes a top cover and a bottom plate, the top cover and the bottom plate being respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the battery frame to close the placement space.

[0021] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a heat exchange plate for heating and / or cooling the plurality of individual cells, wherein the heat exchange plate or the heat exchange plate is the top cover.

[0022] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a heat exchange plate for heating and / or cooling the plurality of individual cells, wherein the heat exchange plate or the heat exchange plate is the base plate.

[0023] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising a battery pack as described in a second aspect of the present invention.

[0024] The vehicle according to the embodiments of the present invention, by utilizing the battery pack described in the first aspect of the present invention, can achieve temperature equalization of individual cells, reduce the temperature difference of individual cells, improve the charging and discharging efficiency of individual cells, effectively reduce the temperature of individual cells during high-rate charging and discharging, and achieve efficient temperature control of individual cells.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a heat spreader is disposed above a single battery cell.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a heat spreader is disposed below the individual battery cells.

[0029] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the structure of a single cell, a heat spreader, a heat storage plate, and a heat exchange plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange plate and the heat storage plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a heat spreader and a heat storage plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the heat pipe has grooved microchannels.

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a heat spreader and a heat storage plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the heat pipe has a liquid wick.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange plate and the heat storage plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Attached label: Battery pack 1

[0036] 100 single cell

[0037] Heat spreader 200, heat pipe 210, transfer channel 211, grooved microchannel 213, liquid absorber 214

[0038] Heat exchange plate 300

[0039] First thermally conductive adhesive layer 410, second thermally conductive adhesive layer 420, third thermally conductive adhesive layer 430, fourth thermally conductive adhesive layer 440

[0040] Battery frame 500, fixing part 510,

[0041] Top cover 610, bottom plate 620

[0042] Thermal storage plate 700, thermal storage shell 710, and holding cavity 711. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] A heat exchange assembly for a battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figures 1-8As shown, the battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of individual battery cells 100, and the heat exchange assembly includes a heat spreader 200 and a heat storage plate 700.

[0046] The heat exchange plate 200 is suitable for heat exchange with multiple individual cells 100. The heat exchange plate 200 is provided with a heat pipe 210. The extension direction of the heat pipe 210 is suitable to be parallel to the first direction. When the individual cells 100 are charging and discharging, the individual cells 100 will generate heat. At this time, the heat pipe 210 can uniformly heat the individual cells 100 along the first direction.

[0047] The first direction is the extension direction of the single cell 100 from the first electrode to the second electrode. The single cell 100 can be charged and discharged through the first electrode and the second electrode. When the single cell 100 is charged and discharged, the single cell 100 will generate heat. At this time, the heat spreader 200 can be used to even out the temperature of multiple single cells 100 to avoid excessive temperature difference between the single cells 100, which would affect the discharge performance of the battery pack 1.

[0048] Specifically, the heat pipe 210 contains a working fluid. When the working fluid circulates within the heat pipe 210, it can carry heat from the higher temperature area of ​​the individual cell 100 to the lower temperature area of ​​the individual cell 100, thereby achieving temperature equalization of multiple individual cells 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first electrode and the second electrode are located at both ends of the length direction of the single cell 100, and the length direction of the heat pipe 210 extends along the first direction. When the single cell 100 is charged or discharged, the temperature difference along the length direction of the single cell 100 is large. Specifically, the temperature in the middle part of the single cell 100 is low and the temperature at both ends is high. The large temperature difference will limit the charging and discharging power of the single cell 100. Therefore, when the working fluid in the heat pipe 210 circulates along the length direction of the single cell 100, the heat spreader 200 can balance the temperature difference along the length of the single cell 100 to improve the charging and discharging performance of the single cell 100.

[0050] In the second direction, the heat storage plate 700 and the heat spreader 200 are stacked. The heat storage plate 700 is configured to store and release heat, so that it can absorb the heat generated at both ends of the length of the single cell 100, thereby achieving further temperature equalization of the single cell 100. At the same time, the heat storage plate 700 can effectively control the temperature rise of the single cell 100, thereby avoiding current limitation due to overheating of the single cell 100 during high-rate charging and discharging. It can also reduce the temperature difference of the single cell 100, and together with the heat spreader 200, achieve temperature equalization of the single cell 100.

[0051] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the individual battery 100 has heat storage plates 700 at both ends of its length along its length. Specifically, when the individual battery 100 is being charged or discharged, the temperature at both ends of its length is higher than that in the middle. By providing heat storage plates 700 at both ends of the individual battery 100, the heat storage plates 700 can absorb the heat generated at both ends of the individual battery 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference along the length of the individual battery 100 and further achieving temperature uniformity of the individual battery 100.

[0052] In other words, the heat storage plate 700 can effectively slow down the temperature rise at both ends of the single cell 100 along its length and reduce the temperature difference along the length of the single cell 100. This makes it easier to significantly extend the charging and discharging time of the single cell 100. When the heat exchange component is applied to a vehicle, it can effectively shorten the charging time of the whole vehicle, making it easier to meet the user's short-term fast charging needs and improve the user's charging experience.

[0053] In some embodiments, when it is necessary to heat the individual battery cell 100, the heat storage plate 700 can release heat to heat the individual battery cell 100 using the heat released by the heat storage plate 700.

[0054] Meanwhile, the heat storage plate 700 can buffer the cooling or heating of the individual battery 100. This setting helps to slow down the rate at which the temperature of the individual battery 100 rises or falls, thus reducing the system energy consumption of the battery pack 1.

[0055] Therefore, the heat exchange assembly according to the embodiments of the present invention can equalize the temperature of the individual battery 100, reduce the temperature difference of the individual battery 100, improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the individual battery 100, effectively reduce the temperature of the individual battery 100 during high-rate charging and discharging, and achieve efficient temperature control of the individual battery 100.

[0056] The heat exchange assembly according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of individual battery cells 100, and the heat exchange assembly includes a heat spreader 200 and a heat storage plate 700.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat storage plate 700 covers the heat spreader 200, and the heat generated by the individual battery 100 can be transferred to the heat storage plate 700 through the heat spreader 200, enabling the heat storage plate 700 to store the heat generated by the individual battery 100. Of course, the heat released by the heat storage plate 700 can also be transferred to the individual battery 100 through the heat spreader 200 to heat the individual battery 100, and some heat will be lost when the heat storage plate 700 releases heat.

[0059] Specifically, when the heat exchanger 200 is equalizing the temperature of the individual battery 100, the heat storage plate 700 can absorb the heat generated by the individual battery 100, thereby reducing the difficulty of the heat exchanger 200 in equalizing the temperature of the individual battery 100. This arrangement allows the heat storage plate 700 and the heat exchanger 200 to work together to better equalize the temperature of the individual battery 100, thereby effectively controlling the temperature rise of the individual battery 100 and preventing the individual battery 100 from being current-limited due to excessive temperature during high-rate charging and discharging. At the same time, it can reduce the temperature difference of the individual battery 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, the heat exchange plate 200 and the heat storage plate 700 are welded together by diffusion welding or brazing to install the heat storage plate 700 and the heat exchange plate 200 together, so that the heat storage plate 700 can cover the heat exchange plate 200.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat storage plate 700 includes a heat storage shell 710 and a heat storage material component. The heat storage shell 710 is disposed on the heat distribution plate 200 to mount the heat storage plate 700 and the heat distribution plate 200 together. The heat storage shell 710 has a holding cavity 711, and the heat storage material component is disposed in the holding cavity 711 to seal the heat storage material component within the heat storage shell 710 and prevent leakage of the heat storage material component.

[0062] The heat storage material is configured to absorb or release heat during phase change to achieve heat absorption and release in the heat storage plate 700. Specifically, when the heat storage material absorbs heat during phase change, it absorbs the heat generated by the individual battery 100 and stores the absorbed heat within the material. When the heat storage material releases heat during phase change, it releases heat to heat the individual battery 100.

[0063] In some embodiments, the heat storage material can undergo a phase change between solid and liquid states. When the temperature of the single cell 100 is high, the solid heat storage material can absorb the heat generated by the single cell 100 and become a liquid heat storage material to absorb the heat generated by the single cell 100 and store the heat generated by the single cell 100.

[0064] When the temperature of the single cell 100 is low, the liquid heat storage material can release heat and become a solid heat storage material to heat the single cell 100.

[0065] When the thermal storage material does not undergo a phase change, it can keep the single cell 100 warm, thereby reducing the temperature impact of the environment on the single cell 100. At the same time, when cooling or heating the single cell 100, it can reduce energy loss and improve the efficiency of cooling or heating the single cell 100.

[0066] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the extension direction of the holding cavity 711 is parallel to the first direction. In the third direction, the heat storage shell 710 is provided with a plurality of holding cavities 711. The filling amount of the heat storage material in both ends of the holding cavity 711 is greater than the filling amount of the heat storage material in the middle of the holding cavity 711. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, so as to make full use of the heat storage material for heat storage or heat release and improve the utilization rate of the heat storage material.

[0067] In some embodiments, the length direction of a single battery cell 100 extends along a first direction, a plurality of single batteries cell 100 are arranged along a third direction, a plurality of storage cavities 711 are arranged along a third direction, and each storage cavity 711 corresponds one-to-one with a single battery cell 100, so that the heat storage material in each storage cavity 711 can absorb the heat storage material in the single battery cell 100 accordingly, thereby using the heat storage material in the storage cavity 711 to cool or heat the plurality of single batteries cell 100.

[0068] When the single cell 100 is being charged or discharged, more heat is generated at both ends of the single cell 100 along its length. Therefore, more heat storage material is filled in the cavity 711 at the corresponding ends of the single cell 100 along its length, so that the heat storage material can absorb more heat from both ends of the single cell 100.

[0069] Correspondingly, when the single cell 100 is charged and discharged, less heat is generated in the middle of the single cell 100. Therefore, less heat storage material is filled in the cavity 711 at the corresponding position in the middle of the single cell 100, so that the heat storage material can absorb heat from the middle part of the single cell 100.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the heat storage shell 710 is provided with multiple holding cavities 711 extending in the third direction along the front-to-back direction. The multiple holding cavities 711 are spaced apart in the front-to-back direction. The spaces of the multiple holding cavities 711 in the heat storage shell 710 can be the same or different, to accommodate the amount of heat storage material in the holding cavity 711.

[0071] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the extension direction of the holding cavity 711 is parallel to the first direction. In the third direction, the heat storage shell 710 is provided with a plurality of holding cavities 711. The phase change point of the heat storage material at both ends of the holding cavity 711 is lower than the phase change point of the heat storage material in the middle of the holding cavity 711. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, so as to make full use of the heat storage material to absorb the heat generated by the single cell 100.

[0072] In some embodiments, the length direction of a single battery cell 100 extends along a first direction, a plurality of single batteries cell 100 are arranged along a third direction, a plurality of storage cavities 711 are arranged along a third direction, and each storage cavity 711 corresponds one-to-one with a single battery cell 100, so that the heat storage material in each storage cavity 711 can absorb the heat storage material in the single battery cell 100 accordingly, thereby using the heat storage material in the storage cavity 711 to cool or heat the plurality of single batteries cell 100.

[0073] Specifically, when the single cell 100 is charging and discharging, more heat is generated at both ends of the length of the single cell 100. The phase change point of the heat storage material in the holding cavity 711 at the corresponding ends of the length of the single cell 100 is lower, so that the heat storage material can adaptively absorb more heat from both ends of the length of the single cell 100.

[0074] Correspondingly, when the single cell 100 is charged and discharged, less heat is generated in the middle of the single cell 100, which makes the phase change point of the heat storage material in the corresponding cavity 711 in the middle of the single cell 100 higher, so that the heat storage material can adaptively absorb heat from the middle part of the single cell 100.

[0075] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange plate 200 and the heat storage plate 700 are integrally formed, and the heat storage shell 710 and the heat exchange plate 200 together define the holding cavity 711. In some embodiments, the heat exchange assembly includes multiple heat exchange plates 200 and heat storage plates 700. The length direction of the heat exchange plates 200 and the heat storage plates 700 extends along the first direction, and the length direction of the single cell 100 also extends along the first direction.

[0076] Each heat spreader 200 can evenly distribute the temperature of its corresponding cell 100 to reduce the temperature difference along the length of the corresponding cell 100. Each heat storage plate 700 can absorb the heat generated by the cell 100 and also release heat to heat the corresponding cell 100.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange assembly further includes a heat exchange plate 300 for cooling and / or heating the plurality of individual cells 100. In a second direction, the heat exchange plate 300 is adapted to be located on one or both sides of the plurality of individual cells 100 to cool or heat the individual cells 100 from one or both sides of the individual cells 100, so as to provide a suitable operating temperature for the individual cells 100 and improve the operating efficiency of the individual cells 100.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the second direction extends vertically, with the heat exchange plate 200 positioned above the individual cell 100 to balance the temperature difference of the individual cell 100 from above. The heat exchange plate 300 is positioned below the individual cell 100 to cool or heat the individual cell 100 from below.

[0079] In other embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second direction extends vertically, and the heat exchange plate 200 is disposed below the individual cell 100 to balance the temperature difference of the individual cell 100 from below. The heat exchange plate 300 is disposed above the individual cell 100 to cool or heat the individual cell 100 from above.

[0080] Of course, in addition to this, the heat exchange plate 200, the single cell 100 and the heat exchange plate 300 can also be arranged along the second direction in different ways. For example, the single cell 100, the heat exchange plate 200 and the heat exchange plate 300 can be arranged along the second direction in sequence, the heat exchange plate 300, the heat exchange plate 200 and the single cell 100 can be arranged along the second direction in sequence, the heat exchange plate 300, the heat exchange plate 200, the single cell 100 and the heat exchange plate 300 can be arranged along the second direction in sequence, and the heat exchange plate 300, the single cell 100 and the heat exchange plate 200 and the heat exchange plate 300 can be arranged along the second direction in sequence.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments of the present invention, a first thermally conductive adhesive layer 410 is provided between the heat exchange plate 300 and the plurality of individual cells 100 to mount the heat exchange plate 300 and the plurality of individual cells 100 together. At the same time, the heat exchange plate 300 can transfer heat or cold to the first thermally conductive adhesive layer 410 to cool or heat the individual cells 100.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a second thermally conductive adhesive layer 420 is provided between the heat spreader 200 and the plurality of individual cells 100 to mount the heat spreader 200 and the plurality of individual cells 100 together. At the same time, the heat generated by the plurality of individual cells 100 can be transferred to the heat spreader 200 through the second thermally conductive adhesive so that the heat spreader 200 can balance the temperature of the individual cells 100.

[0083] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the heat spreader 200 includes a plurality of sub-heat spreader groups, which are arranged in a third-direction upward direction so that the plurality of sub-heat spreaders 200 can cover a plurality of individual cells, thereby achieving heat equalization of the plurality of individual cells 100.

[0084] In some embodiments, each sub-temperature equalization plate group corresponds one-to-one with a single cell 100, so that the single cell 100 can be independently equalized through the sub-temperature equalization plate group. This arrangement facilitates the improvement of the temperature equalization effect of the sub-temperature equalization plate group on the single cell 100, so as to quickly equalize the temperature of the single cell 100. This arrangement facilitates the rapid improvement of the charging or discharging performance of the single cell 100.

[0085] In some examples, the length direction of the individual cell 100 extends along the first direction, and the length direction of the sub-temperature equalization plate group also extends along the first direction, so that the sub-temperature equalization plate can equalize the temperature of the corresponding individual cell 100 from the length direction of the individual cell 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the individual cell 100 and improving the charging or discharging performance of the individual cell 100.

[0086] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the sub-temperature equalization plate group includes a plurality of sub-temperature equalization plates, which are arranged in a first direction to equalize the temperature of a plurality of individual cells 100 from the first direction.

[0087] In some embodiments, the length direction of the single cell 100 extends along a first direction, and a plurality of sub-heating plates are arranged along the first direction to uniformly heat the single cell 100 from the length direction of the single cell 100 using the plurality of sub-heating plates, so as to reduce the temperature difference of the single cell 100 and improve the charging or discharging performance of the single cell 100.

[0088] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the heat spreader 200 includes a plurality of sub-heat spreaders arranged in a first direction to achieve temperature equalization of a plurality of individual cells 100. This can transfer heat from higher temperature areas in the plurality of individual cells 100 to lower temperature areas in the plurality of individual cells 100, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the plurality of individual cells 100 and thus improving the charging or discharging performance of the battery pack 1.

[0089] In some embodiments, the first direction extends in the left-right direction, a plurality of individual cells 100 are arranged in the front-back direction, and a plurality of sub-heating plates are arranged in the left-right direction on the upper or lower side of the plurality of individual cells 100 to equalize the temperature of the plurality of individual cells 100 from the upper or lower side of the individual cells 100.

[0090] In some examples, the sub-heating plates extend in the front-to-back direction, and the individual cells 100 extend in the left-to-right direction, so that multiple sub-heating plates can cover multiple individual cells 100, thereby equalizing the temperature of multiple individual cells 100.

[0091] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, a capillary liquid absorption structure is provided inside the heat pipe 210 to realize the circulation of the working fluid inside the heat pipe 210, and then to realize the temperature equalization of multiple single cells 100 by utilizing the circulation of the working fluid inside the heat pipe 210.

[0092] Specifically, a typical heat pipe 210 utilizes gravity to allow the working fluid within it to flow vertically, thereby balancing the temperature difference in the vertical direction of the individual cell 100. This application, however, utilizes a capillary liquid absorption structure to achieve horizontal reflux of the working fluid through capillary action, adapting to the needs of the heat spreader 200 under different conditions.

[0093] In some embodiments, the temperature distribution plate 200 extends horizontally, the single cell 100 extends horizontally, the temperature distribution plate 200 is placed flat on one side of the single cell 100 in a second direction, and the working fluid in the temperature distribution plate 200 can achieve horizontal circulation by using a capillary liquid absorption structure to balance the temperature difference of the single cell 100 in the horizontal direction.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the heat pipe 210 defines a transmission channel 211, in which the working fluid can circulate horizontally using a capillary liquid absorption structure, so that the heat spreader 200 can uniformly heat the individual cells 100 in the horizontal direction.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, when a single battery cell 100 is charged or discharged, the temperature in the middle of the single battery cell 100 along its length is low, and the temperature at both ends is high. The solid working fluid in the heat spreader 200 absorbs heat at both ends of the single battery cell 100 and liquefies into a liquid working fluid. The liquid working fluid flows from both ends to the middle of the single battery cell 100 and releases heat and solidifies into a solid working fluid in the middle of the single battery cell 100. This achieves the directional transport of heat from both ends of the single battery cell 100 to the middle of the single battery cell 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the single battery cell 100 and achieving temperature uniformity of the single battery cell 100. This facilitates the improvement of the charging and discharging efficiency of the single battery cell 100, and thus improves the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack 1.

[0096] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the material of the heat spreader 200 may be aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy has good thermal conductivity and low density, so that the heat spreader 200 has good thermal conductivity, while making it easier to reduce the weight of the heat spreader 200 and facilitate the lightweight design of the heat spreader 200.

[0097] The working fluid inside the heat spreader 200 can be liquid ammonia or R134a refrigerant. Liquid ammonia or R134a refrigerant is compatible with aluminum metal, and its latent heat is relatively large, which facilitates the heat spreader 200 in uniformly heating the individual cells 100. Specifically, liquid ammonia or R134a refrigerant can be used normally within a temperature range of -30℃ to 120℃, enabling the heat spreader 200 to uniformly heat the individual cells 100 within this range.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the width of the heat spreader 200 extends along the front-to-back direction, and the length of the heat spreader 200 extends along the left-to-right direction. It should be understood that the above directional limitations are only for the convenience of describing the attached drawings and do not limit the actual installation position and orientation of the battery pack 1.

[0099] The heat spreader 200 includes multiple heat pipes 210, which are spaced apart along the width of the heat spreader 200. That is, the multiple heat pipes 210 are arranged in the front-to-back direction and extend in the left-to-right direction so that the working fluid in the heat pipes 210 can flow in the left-to-right direction, so that the heat spreader 200 can uniformly heat the individual cells 100 in the left-to-right direction, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the individual cells 100 in the left-to-right direction.

[0100] like Figure 5 As shown, in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the heat pipe 210 is provided with a grooved microchannel 213, which forms a capillary liquid absorption structure. The working fluid in the heat pipe 210 can circulate along the grooved microchannel 213 to equalize the temperature of the single cell 100. Specifically, when the working fluid in the heat pipe 210 circulates along the grooved microchannel 213, the working fluid can carry the heat from the higher temperature area in the single cell 100 to the lower temperature area in the single cell 100 to achieve equalization of the temperature of the single cell 100.

[0101] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat pipe 210 has a plurality of grooved microchannels 213, each grooved microchannel 213 extending along the length direction of the heat pipe 210, so that the working fluid in the heat spreader 200 can flow in the grooved microchannel 213 along the length direction of the heat pipe 210, so as to achieve temperature equalization of the single cell 100 from the length direction of the heat pipe 210, and then perform temperature equalization of the single cell 300 from the upper first electrode to the second electrode of the single cell 100.

[0102] In some embodiments, the grooved microchannels 213 of the heat pipe 210 can be integrally extruded using an aluminum extrusion process. This production process is mature and facilitates the reduction of the production cost of the heat spreader 200.

[0103] like Figure 7 As shown, in some other specific embodiments of the present invention, a liquid wick 214 is provided inside the heat pipe 210, forming a capillary liquid absorption structure. The working fluid inside the heat pipe 210 can circulate along the liquid wick 214 to homogenize the temperature of the individual battery cell 100. Specifically, when the working fluid inside the heat pipe 210 circulates using the liquid wick 214, the working fluid can carry heat from the higher temperature area in the individual battery cell 100 to the lower temperature area in the individual battery cell 100, thereby achieving temperature homogenization of the individual battery cell 100.

[0104] In some embodiments, the liquid absorber 214 is made of sintered metal powder, foam metal or wire mesh to improve the capillary liquid absorption function of the liquid absorber 214, so that the working fluid in the heat spreader 200 can be smoothly circulated in the horizontal direction by the liquid absorber 214, so that the heat spreader 200 can uniformly heat the single cell 100 in the horizontal direction.

[0105] In some examples, such as Figure 7 As shown, the sintered metal powder forms the liquid-absorbing core 214. The heat pipe 210 includes a first pipe wall and a second pipe wall. The first pipe wall and the second pipe wall are each provided with a liquid-absorbing core 214 made of sintered metal powder. The first pipe wall and the second pipe wall can be welded together by diffusion welding to form the heat pipe 210. The liquid-absorbing core 214 is placed inside the heat pipe 210. This facilitates the improvement of the function of the capillary liquid absorption structure inside the heat spreader 200 and facilitates the improvement of the temperature uniformity of the heat spreader 200 in the horizontal direction.

[0106] The following describes a battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat exchange assembly according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] The battery pack 1 includes multiple individual cells 100 and a heat exchange assembly. Each individual cell 100 has a first electrode and a second electrode. Here, the extension direction of the individual cell 100 from the first electrode to the second electrode is defined as the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The multiple individual cells 100 are arranged in a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0108] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first direction extends along the left and right direction, the second direction extends along the up and down direction, the third direction extends along the front and back direction, the length direction of the single cell 100 extends along the left and right direction, and multiple single cells 100 are arranged along the front and back direction.

[0109] The heat exchange component is the heat exchange component described in the above embodiments of the present invention. In the second direction, the heat exchange component and multiple individual battery cells 100 are stacked, and the heat exchange plate 200 and the heat storage plate 700 are stacked, so that the heat exchange plate 200 or the heat storage plate 700 can cover the individual battery cell 100 from one side in the second direction, thereby realizing the heat exchange, cooling or heating of the individual battery cell 100.

[0110] The heat pipe 210 extends parallel to the first direction, so as to use the heat pipe 210 to carry the heat from the higher temperature area in the single cell 100 to the lower temperature area in the single cell 100, so as to achieve temperature equalization of multiple single cells 100.

[0111] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, in the second direction, the heat exchange plate 300 and the heat spreader 200 are distributed on both sides of the plurality of individual cells 100, so that the heat exchange plate 300 can smoothly cool or heat the individual cells 100 from one side of the individual cells 100, and the heat spreader 200 can smoothly balance the temperature difference of the individual cells 100 from the other side of the individual cells 100.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange plate 300 is a heat exchanger with a refrigerant flow channel inside. When the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow channel, the refrigerant can carry heat or cold to the heat exchanger, thereby enabling the heat exchange plate 300 to cool or heat the single cell 100.

[0113] In some embodiments, when it is necessary to cool the single cell 100, the heat exchanger is an evaporator. The temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator is low. When the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow channel, the cold energy in the refrigerant can be transferred to the single cell 100 through the evaporator to cool the single cell 100 and reduce the heat of the single cell 100.

[0114] In some embodiments, when it is necessary to heat the individual battery 100, the heat exchanger is a condenser. The temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser is relatively high. When the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow channel, the heat in the refrigerant can be transferred to the individual battery 100 through the evaporator to heat the individual battery 100.

[0115] In other embodiments, when heating of the individual battery cell 100 is required, it can be achieved through self-heating. Specifically, when the temperature decreases, the resistance within the individual battery cell 100 increases. Self-heating of the individual battery cell 100 is achieved by generating a continuously oscillating current across its terminals. As the current flows through the individual battery cell 100, ohmic heat is generated inside, causing the temperature of the individual battery cell 100 to rise rapidly, thereby heating the individual battery cell 100.

[0116] In some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack 1 further includes a battery frame 500, which is provided with a fixing part 510. The fixing part 510 is adapted to be fixed to the vehicle body so as to fix the battery frame 500 to the vehicle body, thereby using the battery frame 500 to fix the battery pack 1 to the vehicle body so that the battery pack 1 can smoothly supply power to the vehicle.

[0117] The battery frame 500 defines a placement space in which multiple individual batteries 100 are placed. The placement space can define the position of the multiple individual batteries 100, so that the individual batteries 100 can be charged or discharged stably.

[0118] The placement space is designed with its top and bottom open, allowing the heat exchanger 200 to even out the temperature of the individual battery 100 from either the top or bottom, thus improving the charging and discharging efficiency of the individual battery 100. Simultaneously, it allows the heat exchanger 300 to cool or heat the individual battery 100 from either the top or bottom, providing a suitable operating temperature environment and improving the working efficiency of the individual battery 100.

[0119] The battery pack 1 also includes an upper cover 610 and a bottom plate 620. The upper cover 610 and the bottom plate 620 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the battery frame 500 to enclose the placement space, so as to provide a relatively enclosed working environment for multiple individual batteries 100, avoid objects in the external environment from scratching the individual batteries 100, and enable multiple individual batteries 100 to work stably.

[0120] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat spreader 200 is disposed above the single cell 100, and the top cover 610 is disposed above the heat spreader 200. A third thermally conductive adhesive layer 430 is provided between the top cover 610 and the heat spreader 200 to install the top cover 610 and the heat spreader 200 together, thereby installing the top cover 610 on the top of the placement space so that the top cover 610 can seal the top of the placement space.

[0121] In other embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the heat spreader 200 is disposed below the single cell 100, and the base plate 620 is disposed below the heat spreader 200. A fourth thermally conductive adhesive layer 440 is provided between the base plate 620 and the heat spreader 200 to install the base plate 620 and the heat spreader 200 together, thereby installing the base plate 620 at the bottom of the placement space so that the base plate 620 can seal the bottom of the placement space.

[0122] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack 1 further includes a heat exchange plate 300, which is used to heat and / or cool multiple individual cells 100. The heat exchange plate 300 or the heat exchange plate 200 is a top cover 610. This allows the heat exchange plate 300 or the heat exchange plate 200 to enclose the top of the placement space while heat exchange or equalizing the temperature of the individual cells 100. This arrangement helps to reduce the number of parts in the battery pack 1, reduce the complexity of the parts in the battery pack 1, and reduce the cost of the battery pack 1.

[0123] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the second direction extends vertically. The heat spreader 200 is disposed below the battery frame 500, and the heat exchanger 300 is disposed above the battery frame 500. The heat exchanger 300 defines the top cover 610 to seal the top of the placement space. Simultaneously, the heat exchanger 300 is disposed above multiple individual battery cells 100, enabling it to cool or heat the individual battery cells 100 from above.

[0124] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack 1 further includes a heat exchange plate 300, which is used to heat and / or cool multiple individual cells 100. The heat exchange plate 300 or the heat exchange plate 200 is a base plate 620. This allows the heat exchange plate 300 or the heat exchange plate 200 to enclose the bottom of the placement space while heat exchange or equalizing the temperature of the individual cells 100. This arrangement helps to reduce the number of parts in the battery pack 1, reduce the complexity of the parts in the battery pack 1, and reduce the cost of the battery pack 1.

[0125] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the second direction extends vertically. The heat spreader 200 is disposed above the battery frame 500, and the heat exchanger 300 is disposed below the battery frame 500. The heat exchanger 300 defines the bottom plate 620 to seal the bottom of the placement space. Simultaneously, the heat exchanger 300 is disposed below multiple individual battery cells 100, enabling it to cool or heat the individual battery cells 100 from below.

[0126] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below. The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack 1 according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] According to the vehicle of the present invention, by utilizing the battery pack 1 of the present invention as described above, the individual battery cells 100 can be uniformly heated, and the advantages of reducing the temperature difference of the individual battery cells 100, improving the charging and discharging efficiency of the individual battery cells 100, effectively reducing the temperature of the individual battery cells 100 during high-rate charging and discharging, and efficiently controlling the temperature of the individual battery cells 100 are achieved.

[0128] Other configurations and operations of the vehicle according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0129] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. In the description of this invention, "above" or "below" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or it may include contact between the first and second features not being in direct contact but through another feature between them.

[0130] In the description of this invention, the terms "above," "over," and "on top" for the first feature and the second feature include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0131] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0132] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0133] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat exchange assembly for a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a plurality of individual cells (100), characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly includes: A heat spreader (200) is provided in the heat spreader (200) for heat exchange with the plurality of individual cells (100). A heat pipe (210) is provided in the heat spreader (200). The extension direction of the heat pipe (210) is parallel to a first direction, which is the extension direction of the individual cell from the first electrode to the second electrode. In a second direction, the heat storage plate (700) and the heat distribution plate (200) are stacked together, and the heat storage plate (700) is configured to store and release heat, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The heat storage plate (700) includes a heat storage shell and a heat storage material component. The heat storage shell is disposed on the heat distribution plate (200). The heat storage shell has a holding cavity inside. The heat storage material component is disposed in the holding cavity. The heat storage material component is configured to absorb or release heat through phase change. The extension direction of the holding cavity is parallel to the first direction. In the third direction, the heat storage shell is provided with a plurality of holding cavities. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The filling amount of the heat storage material in both ends of the holding cavity is greater than the filling amount of the heat storage material in the middle of the holding cavity.

2. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage plate (700) is arranged to cover the heat spreader (200).

3. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the holding cavity is parallel to the first direction. In the third direction, the heat storage shell is provided with a plurality of the holding cavities. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The phase change point of the heat storage material at both ends of the holding cavity is lower than the phase change point of the heat storage material in the middle of the holding cavity.

4. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the heat exchange plate (200) and the heat storage plate (700) are integrally formed, and the heat storage shell and the heat exchange plate together define the holding cavity.

5. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchange plate (300) for cooling and / or heating the plurality of individual cells (100), wherein, in the second direction, the heat exchange plate (300) is adapted to be located on one or both sides of the plurality of individual cells (100).

6. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The temperature distribution plate (200) includes multiple sub-temperature distribution plate groups, which are arranged in a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

7. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sub-temperature equalization plate group includes multiple sub-temperature equalization plates, which are arranged in a first direction.

8. The heat exchange assembly for a battery pack according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The temperature distribution plate (200) includes a plurality of sub-temperature distribution plates, which are arranged in a first direction.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Multiple individual cells, each of the individual cells having a first electrode and a second electrode, defining the extension direction of the individual cell from the first electrode to the second electrode as a first direction, and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the multiple individual cells (100) are arranged in a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other; A heat exchange assembly, wherein the heat exchange assembly is any one of claims 1-8, wherein in the second direction, the heat exchange assembly and the plurality of individual battery cells are stacked, the heat spreader and the heat storage plate are stacked, and the extension direction of the heat pipe is parallel to the first direction.

10. The battery pack (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly is the heat exchange assembly according to claim 7, wherein in the second direction, the heat exchange plate (300) and the heat spreader (200) are distributed on both sides of the plurality of individual cells (100).

11. The battery pack (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The heat exchange plate (300) has a refrigerant flow channel inside.

12. The battery pack (1) according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, It also includes a battery frame (500) having a fixing part (510) adapted to be fixed to the vehicle body, the battery frame (500) defining a placement space that is open at the top and bottom, and the plurality of individual batteries (100) are placed in the placement space; The battery pack (1) also includes an upper cover (610) and a bottom plate (620), the upper cover (610) and the bottom plate (620) being connected to the upper and lower ends of the battery frame (500) respectively to enclose the placement space.

13. The battery pack (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchange plate (300) for heating and / or cooling the plurality of individual cells, wherein the heat exchange plate (200) or the heat exchange plate (300) is the top cover.

14. The battery pack (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchange plate (300) for heating and / or cooling the plurality of individual cells, wherein the heat exchange plate (300) or the heat exchange plate (200) is the base plate (620).

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack (1) according to any one of claims 9-14.

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