Battery management system, management method and installation method

Abstract

The application provides a battery management system, a battery management method and a battery management system installation method. The battery management system comprises a master control module for monitoring parameters and performing operation control of a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of first single batteries; and a plurality of first slave control modules, each of which is connected to a first single battery and wirelessly connected to the master control module to obtain first battery information of the corresponding first single battery, wirelessly transmit the first battery information to the master control module, and wirelessly obtain a control instruction from the master control module to perform single control of the corresponding first single battery. By configuring the first slave control module wirelessly connected to the master control module, the battery management system can ensure the consistency of each single battery, improve the power density and prolong the service life of the battery, thereby balancing the economy and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery management system, a battery management method, and a battery management system installation method. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial power source for hybrid locomotives, onboard power batteries in rail transit vehicles effectively reduce energy consumption and noise, improving ride quality. If the overall technology and lifespan of the power battery system are insufficient, the safe and reliable long-term operation of the hybrid locomotive cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, a mature, efficient, and flexible battery management system is essential for rail transit vehicle power batteries. Due to safety and reliability requirements, rail transit vehicle power batteries primarily utilize relatively safe nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), lithium titanate (LiTi), and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. Compared to the ternary lithium batteries most commonly used in the automotive industry, these types of batteries have drawbacks such as poor consistency and lower energy density. Therefore, battery management systems are generally used in this field to address battery consistency issues to some extent, ensuring the entire battery pack operates within its most efficient range. Simultaneously, to improve power density, the internal space of the battery pack is generally limited, and the slave boards used to collect information from individual cells are typically placed near the cell being monitored by that board. However, the slave board needs to communicate with the motherboard of the upper system and requires external power. The communication and power lines connected to the slave board are generally several meters to more than ten meters long, which severely limits the miniaturization design of rail transit vehicle power batteries and reduces the power density of rail transit vehicle power batteries.

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology, there is an urgent need in the field for a battery management system, a battery management method and a battery management system installation method, which can ensure the consistency of each individual battery cell, improve power density and improve battery life, thereby achieving a balance between economy and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following provides a brief overview of one or more aspects to offer a basic understanding of them. This overview is not an exhaustive summary of all conceived aspects, nor is it intended to identify key or decisive elements of all aspects, nor to define the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a battery management system, a battery management method, and a battery management system installation method, which are used to ensure the consistency of each individual battery cell, improve power density, and extend battery life.

[0006] Specifically, the battery management system provided according to the first aspect of the present invention includes: a main control module for monitoring and controlling the parameters of a battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes a plurality of first individual cells; and a plurality of first slave control modules, each connected to a first individual cell and wirelessly connected to the main control module, to obtain first battery information of the corresponding first individual cell, wirelessly transmit the first battery information to the main control module, and wirelessly obtain control commands from the main control module to perform individual control of the corresponding first individual cell.

[0007] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a plurality of second individual cells, and the battery management system further includes: a plurality of second slave control modules, which are respectively connected to each of the second individual cells and wired to the master control module, to obtain the second battery information of the corresponding second individual cell, to transmit the second battery information to the master control module via wire, and to obtain control commands from the master control module via wire to perform individual control of the corresponding second individual cell.

[0008] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of second slave control modules are wiredly connected to the master control module in the form of daisy-chain communication.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes multiple third individual cells, and the battery management system further includes: at least one relay module connected to the main control module via wired and / or wireless connection; and multiple third slave control modules connected to each of the third individual cells and connected via wired connection to the corresponding relay module to obtain the third cell information of the corresponding third individual cell, transmit the third cell information to the main control module via the relay module, and obtain control commands from the main control module via the relay module to perform individual control of the corresponding third individual cell.

[0010] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of third slave control modules are wired to the relay module in the form of daisy-chain communication, and / or the relay module is connected to the master control module in the form of CAN communication, RS485 communication and / or wireless communication.

[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first communication distance between the first single battery cell and the main control module is less than a preset distance threshold, and the first electromagnetic interference between the first single battery cell and the main control module is less than a preset interference threshold, and / or the second communication distance between the second single battery cell and the main control module is less than a preset distance threshold, and the second electromagnetic interference between the second single battery cell and the main control module is greater than a preset interference threshold, and / or the third communication distance between the third single battery cell and the main control module is greater than a preset distance threshold, and the fourth communication distance between the third single battery cell and the corresponding relay module is less than the distance threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the parameter monitoring is selected from at least one of current monitoring, voltage monitoring, SOC monitoring, and temperature monitoring, and / or the operation control is selected from at least one of charging control, discharging control, temperature control, fault protection, short circuit protection, and overcurrent protection.

[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery information includes individual cell voltage and / or individual cell temperature, and / or the individual cell control includes at least one of individual cell charging control, individual cell discharging control, individual cell temperature control, individual cell fault protection, individual cell short circuit protection, individual cell overcurrent protection, and passive voltage equalization.

[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first slave control module and the second slave control module are provided with communication interfaces, wherein the first slave control module is connected to a wireless communication module via the communication interface, and then wirelessly connected to the master control module via the wireless communication module, and the second slave control module is wiredly connected to the master control module via the communication interface.

[0015] Furthermore, the battery management method provided by the second aspect of the present invention specifically includes: collecting first battery information of corresponding first individual cells via a plurality of first slave control modules; wirelessly acquiring the first battery information collected by each of the first slave control modules via a master control module to monitor the parameters of the battery pack and formulate corresponding operation control commands; and wirelessly acquiring the operation control commands formulated by the master control module via each of the first slave control modules and performing individual control of the corresponding first individual cells according to the operation control commands.

[0016] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first battery information includes the single cell voltage and / or single cell temperature of the corresponding first single cell, and the operation control command includes a passive voltage equalization control command.

[0017] Furthermore, the battery management system installation method provided by the third aspect of the present invention specifically includes: connecting multiple individual cells of a battery pack to multiple slave control modules respectively; measuring the communication distance and electromagnetic interference between each individual cell and the master control module of the battery management system; and, in response to a first communication distance between a first individual cell and the master control module being less than a preset distance threshold, and a first electromagnetic interference between the first individual cell and the master control module being less than a preset interference threshold, wirelessly connecting a corresponding first slave control module to the master control module.

[0018] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, in response to a second communication distance between the second individual battery and the main control module being less than a preset distance threshold, and a second electromagnetic interference between the second individual battery and the main control module being greater than a preset interference threshold, a corresponding second slave control module is wired to the main control module; and / or in response to a third communication distance between the third individual battery and the main control module being greater than a preset distance threshold, a relay module is configured within the distance threshold, a corresponding third slave control module is wired to the relay module, and the relay module is then wired and / or wirelessly connected to the main control module. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above-described features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood after reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components having similar related characteristics or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.

[0020] Figure 1 A block diagram of a battery management system provided according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A block diagram of a battery management system provided according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 A flowchart of a battery installation method according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 A flowchart of a battery management method provided according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure Labels

[0025] 11. Main Control Module

[0026] 12 Wireless Modules

[0027] 13 First Slave Control Module

[0028] 14 First single cell

[0029] 21 Main Control Module

[0030] 22 Wireless Modules

[0031] 23 Relay Module

[0032] 24 First Slave Control Module

[0033] 25 Second Slave Control Module

[0034] 26 Third Slave Control Module

[0035] 27 First single cell

[0036] 28 Second single cell

[0037] 29 Third cell Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a thorough understanding of the invention, many specific details will be included in the following description. The invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "horizontal," and "vertical" used in the following description should be understood as the orientations shown in the relevant paragraphs and accompanying drawings. These relative terms are for illustrative purposes only and do not imply that the described apparatus must be manufactured or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0041] It is understood that although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various components, regions, layers, and / or parts, these components, regions, layers, and / or parts should not be limited by these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish different components, regions, layers, and / or parts. Therefore, the first components, regions, layers, and / or parts discussed below may be referred to as second components, regions, layers, and / or parts without departing from some embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] As mentioned above, for safety and reliability requirements, rail transit vehicle power batteries mainly use nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium titanate batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries, which have relatively high safety. Compared with the ternary lithium batteries most commonly used in the automotive field, these types of batteries have disadvantages such as poor consistency and lower energy density. Therefore, battery management systems are generally used in this field to solve the battery consistency problem to a certain extent, so that the entire battery pack operates in the most efficient range. At the same time, in order to improve power density, the internal space of the battery pack is generally very tight, and the slave board used to collect information from individual cells is usually placed near the cell monitored by the single board. However, the slave board needs to communicate with the main board of the upper-level system and requires external power supply. The communication and power lines connected to the slave board are generally several meters to tens of meters long, which seriously limits the miniaturization design of rail transit vehicle power batteries and reduces the power density of rail transit vehicle power batteries.

[0043] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a battery management system, a battery management method, and a battery management system installation method, which are used to ensure the consistency of each individual battery cell, improve power density, and increase battery life, thereby achieving a balance between economy and reliability.

[0044] In some non-limiting embodiments, the battery management system provided in the first aspect of the present invention can be obtained via the installation method of the vehicle battery management system provided in the third aspect of the present invention. The battery management method provided in the second aspect of the present invention can be implemented via the battery management system provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0045] Please refer to the following first. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a simplified battery management system according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, the battery management system provided in the first aspect of the present invention includes a master control module 11 and a plurality of first slave control modules 13. The master control module 11 is used for parameter monitoring and operation control of the battery pack. The first slave control modules 13 are wirelessly connected to the master control module 11 via a wireless module 12. The battery pack includes a plurality of first individual cells 14. A plurality of first individual cells 14 constitute a first battery pack, and a corresponding number of first slave control modules 13 are respectively connected to the corresponding first individual cell 14 to obtain first battery information of the first individual cell 14. Here, the first battery information includes, but is not limited to, individual cell voltage and / or individual cell temperature.

[0047] Subsequently, the first slave control module 13 can wirelessly transmit the acquired first battery information to the main control module 11 via the wireless module 12. After receiving the first battery information from each first individual battery cell 14, the main control module 11 can perform battery pack parameter monitoring such as battery pack current monitoring, total voltage monitoring, battery pack SOC (State of Charge) monitoring, and battery pack temperature monitoring, as well as operation control such as battery pack charging control, battery pack discharging control, battery pack temperature control, fault classification processing protection and recording, short circuit protection, and overcurrent protection. The main control module 13 then wirelessly transmits control commands to each first slave control module 12 via the wireless module 12. Each first slave control module 13 then performs individual control on its corresponding first individual battery cell 14, including individual charging control, individual discharging control, individual temperature control, individual fault protection, individual short circuit protection, individual overcurrent protection, and passive voltage equalization, to improve battery pack consistency. Compared to traditional wired connections, this wireless transmission method reduces the volume occupied by wired connections, thereby reducing the space occupied by the battery pack, increasing battery power density, and meeting the requirements of battery miniaturization design.

[0048] Furthermore, considering that the reliability of wireless communication technology is easily affected by communication distance and electromagnetic interference, and that the spatial span of the power battery system of rail transit vehicles is usually large and its voltage level is 1500V, which is much higher than the 400V in the automotive field, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery management system may also be configured with multiple second slave control modules and / or third slave control modules that are wired to the master control module, depending on the communication distance and the magnitude of electromagnetic interference.

[0049] The structure of the battery management system described below will be described with reference to some embodiments of its installation methods. Those skilled in the art will understand that these installation methods are merely non-limiting embodiments provided by this invention, intended to clearly demonstrate the main concepts of the invention and provide specific solutions convenient for public implementation, rather than limiting the entire structure, functions, or installation sequence of the battery management system. Similarly, this battery management system is also only one non-limiting embodiment provided by this invention and does not limit the subjects and objects performing the steps in these installation methods.

[0050] Please refer to the reference. Figure 2 and Figure 3 . Figure 2 A block diagram of a battery management system provided according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 A flowchart of a battery installation method according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery management system may include a master control module 21, multiple first slave control modules 24, and multiple second slave control modules 25. The master control module 21 is used for parameter monitoring and operation control of the battery pack. The first slave control modules 23 are wirelessly connected to the master control module 21 via a wireless module 12. The second slave control modules 25 are wired to the master control module 21 via daisy-chain communication or other means. Correspondingly, the battery pack may simultaneously include multiple first individual cells 27 and multiple second individual cells 28. A plurality of first individual cells 27 form a first battery pack, and a corresponding number of first slave control modules 24 are respectively connected to the corresponding first individual cell 27 to obtain the first battery information of the first individual cell 27. A plurality of second individual cells 28 form a second battery pack, and a corresponding number of second slave control modules 25 are respectively connected to the corresponding second individual cell 28 to obtain the second battery information of the second individual cell 28. Here, the second battery information includes, but is not limited to, individual cell voltage and / or individual cell temperature.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, during the installation of the battery management system, the installer can first connect multiple individual cells of the battery pack to multiple slave control modules, and measure the communication distance and electromagnetic interference between each individual cell and the main control module 21. Then, in response to any individual cell having a first communication distance less than a preset distance threshold and a first electromagnetic interference less than a preset interference threshold, the installer can define that individual cell as the first individual cell 27 and wirelessly connect the corresponding first slave control module 24 to the main control module 21. Thus, this invention reduces the volume occupied by wired connections while ensuring the reliability of wireless communication, thereby achieving a balance between the reliability and economy of the communication connection.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, in response to a second communication distance between any individual battery cell and the main control module 21 being less than a preset distance threshold, and a second electromagnetic interference between the individual battery cell and the main control module 21 being greater than a preset interference threshold, the installer can define the individual battery cell as a second individual battery cell 28 and wire-connect the corresponding second slave control module 25 to the main control module 21. Thus, the present invention can provide a wired communication method for second individual batteries cell 28 with excessive electromagnetic interference, thereby further ensuring the reliability, security, real-time performance, and anti-interference capability of the communication connection.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the battery management system may further include multiple third slave control modules 25. Each third slave control module 26 can be wired to a corresponding relay module 23 via daisy-chain communication or similar means, and then connected to the main control module 21 via the relay module 23 using CAN communication, RS485 communication, and / or wireless communication. Correspondingly, the battery pack may further include multiple third individual cells 29. Several third individual cells 29 form a third battery pack, and a corresponding number of third slave control modules 26 are connected to the corresponding third individual cells 29 to obtain the third battery information of the third individual cell 29. Here, the third battery information includes, but is not limited to, individual cell voltage and / or individual cell temperature.

[0055] During the installation of the battery management system, if the third communication distance between any single battery cell and the main control module 21 exceeds a preset distance threshold, the installer can define the single battery cell as a third single battery cell 29. A relay module 23 is configured within the distance threshold range of this third single battery cell 29, and the corresponding third slave control module 26 is wired to the relay module 23. The relay module 23 is then wired and / or wirelessly connected to the main control module 21. In this way, the present invention can provide a relay communication method for third single batteries 29 with excessively large communication distances, thereby further ensuring the reliability, security, real-time performance, and anti-interference capability of the communication connection, and further shortening the total length of the communication line and power supply line to improve the power density of the rail transit vehicle's onboard power battery.

[0056] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, each slave control module 24, 25, and 26 can adopt a unified modular design, with a universal communication interface. Thus, in response to any single battery being defined as the first single battery 27, the installer only needs to connect the communication interface of its corresponding first slave control module 24 to the wireless communication module 22 to wirelessly connect to the main control module 21 via the wireless communication module 22. Alternatively, in response to any single battery being defined as the second single battery 28, the installer can directly connect the communication interface of its corresponding second slave control module 25 to the main control module 21 via a wired connection. Or, in response to any single battery being defined as the third single battery 29, the installer only needs to connect the communication interface of its corresponding third slave control module 26 to the relay module 23 via a wired connection to the relay module 23 to wired and / or wirelessly connect to the main control module 21 via the relay module 23. Thus, by adopting this modular design, the present invention can conveniently select a suitable communication method based on the communication distance and / or electromagnetic interference between each individual battery cell 27, 28, 29 and the main control module 21, thereby easily ensuring the consistency of each individual battery cell, improving power density and battery life, and achieving a balance between economy and reliability.

[0057] The working principle of the battery management system described above will be described below with reference to some embodiments of battery management methods. Those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments of battery management methods are merely non-limiting implementations provided by the present invention, intended to clearly demonstrate the main concepts of the invention and provide specific solutions convenient for public implementation, rather than limiting all functions or all operating methods of the battery management system. Similarly, this battery management system is also only one non-limiting implementation provided by the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the entities performing the steps in these battery management methods.

[0058] Please refer to the reference. Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 4A flowchart of a battery management method provided according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0059] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in step S1, during the operation of the battery management system, each slave control module 24, 25, and 26 can collect individual battery information such as individual battery voltage and / or individual battery temperature from the individual batteries 27, 28, and 29 connected to it, and monitor this individual battery information.

[0060] After that, as Figure 4 As shown in steps S2 and S3, the first slave control module 24 can transmit the collected first battery information to the master control module 21 via wireless communication. The second slave control module 25 can transmit the collected second battery information to the master control module 21 via daisy-chain communication. The third slave control module 26 can first transmit the collected third battery information to the repeater 23 via daisy-chain communication, and then the repeater 23 transmits the collected third battery information to the master control module 21 via CAN communication, RS485 communication, and / or wireless communication. In this way, the master control module 21 can perform battery state estimation such as battery pack current monitoring, total voltage monitoring, battery pack temperature monitoring, and / or SOC estimation based on the collected battery information. In some embodiments, battery state estimation can be implemented using the ampere-hour integration method, Kalman filtering method, and / or neural network method.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown in step S4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the main control module 21 can also determine whether the battery pack and its individual cells 27, 28, and 29 are in a fault state based on the battery state estimation result. If the battery pack is in a fault state, the main control module 21 can output alarm information and transmit control commands to the corresponding slave control modules 24, 25, and 26 via wireless, wired, and / or relay communication to control the corresponding slave control modules 24, 25, and 26 to take corresponding protection controls. If the battery is not in a fault state, the main control module 21 can transmit control commands to each slave control module 24, 25, and 26 via wireless, wired, and / or relay communication to perform operation control such as charging control, discharging control, temperature control, fault protection, short circuit protection, and overcurrent protection, as well as individual cell control such as individual cell charging control, individual cell discharging control, individual cell temperature control, individual cell fault protection, individual cell short circuit protection, individual cell overcurrent protection, and passive voltage equalization.

[0062] By employing wireless communication to connect the main control module 21 and the first slave control module 24, this invention effectively reduces the volume occupied by wired connections, thereby reducing the space occupied by the battery pack, increasing the battery's power density, and meeting the requirements of battery miniaturization design. Furthermore, by configuring various communication methods, such as wireless and wired, according to the communication distance and electromagnetic interference between each individual battery cell 27, 28, 29 and the main control module 21, this invention can both reduce the volume occupied by wired connections and ensure the reliability of wireless communication, thus achieving a balance between the reliability and economy of the communication connection. Even further, by introducing relay communication and configuring a relay module 23 according to the communication distance between each individual battery cell 29 and the main control module 21, this invention further ensures the reliability, security, real-time performance, and anti-interference capability of the communication connection, and further shortens the total length of the communication line and power supply line, thereby increasing the power density of the rail transit vehicle's onboard power battery.

[0063] In summary, compared with current battery management solutions in the field, the present invention can further ensure the consistency of each individual battery cell, improve power density and extend battery life, thereby achieving a balance between economy and reliability.

[0064] Although the methods described above are illustrated and depicted as a series of actions for the sake of simplicity, it should be understood and appreciated that these methods are not limited by the order of the actions, as some actions may occur in a different order and / or concurrently with other actions from the illustrations and descriptions herein or not illustrated and described herein but which may be understood by those skilled in the art, according to one or more embodiments.

[0065] The prior description of this disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: The main control module is used for parameter monitoring and operation control of the battery pack. The battery pack includes multiple first individual cells, multiple second individual cells, and multiple third individual cells. The first communication distance between the first individual cell and the main control module is less than a preset distance threshold, and the first electromagnetic interference between the first individual cell and the main control module is less than a preset interference threshold. The second communication distance between the second individual cell and the main control module is less than a preset distance threshold, and the second electromagnetic interference between the second individual cell and the main control module is greater than a preset interference threshold. The third communication distance between the third individual cell and the main control module is greater than a preset distance threshold, and the fourth communication distance between the third individual cell and the corresponding relay module is less than the distance threshold. Multiple slave control modules are connected to each of the first individual batteries and wirelessly connected to the master control module to obtain the first battery information of the corresponding first individual battery, wirelessly transmit the first battery information to the master control module, and wirelessly obtain control commands from the master control module to perform individual control of the corresponding first individual battery. Multiple second slave control modules are respectively connected to each of the second individual cells and wired to the main control module to obtain the second cell information of the corresponding second individual cell, transmit the second cell information to the main control module via wire, and obtain control commands from the main control module via wire to perform individual control of the corresponding second individual cell. At least one relay module is connected to the main control module via wired and / or wireless connection; as well as Multiple third slave control modules are respectively connected to each of the third individual batteries and are wired to the corresponding relay modules to obtain the third battery information of the corresponding third individual battery. The third battery information is transmitted to the main control module via the relay module, and control commands are wiredly obtained from the main control module via the relay module to perform individual control of the corresponding third individual battery.

2. The battery management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple second slave control modules are wired to the master control module via daisy-chain communication.

3. The battery management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of third slave control modules are wired to the relay module via daisy-chain communication, and / or The relay module is connected to the main control module via CAN communication, RS485 communication, and / or wireless communication.

4. The battery management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter monitoring is selected from at least one of current monitoring, voltage monitoring, SOC monitoring, and temperature monitoring, and / or The operation control is selected from at least one of charging control, discharging control, temperature control, fault protection, short circuit protection, and overcurrent protection.

5. The battery management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery information includes individual cell voltage and / or individual cell temperature, and / or The individual cell control includes at least one of the following: individual cell charging control, individual cell discharging control, individual cell temperature control, individual cell fault protection, individual cell short circuit protection, individual cell overcurrent protection, and passive voltage equalization.

6. The battery management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first slave control module and the second slave control module are provided with communication interfaces. The first slave control module is connected to the wireless communication module via the communication interface, and then wirelessly connected to the master control module via the wireless communication module. The second slave control module is connected to the master control module via the communication interface.

7. A battery management method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The battery management system, as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, collects the first battery information of the corresponding first single cell through a plurality of first slave control modules. The main control module of the battery management system wirelessly acquires the first battery information collected by each of the first slave control modules to monitor the parameters of the battery pack and formulate corresponding operation control commands. as well as Each of the first slave control modules wirelessly acquires the operation control instructions formulated by the master control module, and performs individual control of the corresponding first single battery cell according to the operation control instructions.

8. The battery management method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first battery information includes the cell voltage and / or cell temperature of the corresponding first individual cell, and the operation control command includes a passive voltage equalization control command.

9. A method for installing a battery management system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Multiple slave control modules are connected to multiple individual cells of the battery pack; Measure the communication distance and electromagnetic interference between each individual battery cell and the main control module of the battery management system; In response to the first communication distance between the first single battery cell and the main control module being less than a preset distance threshold, and the first electromagnetic interference between the first single battery cell and the main control module being less than a preset interference threshold, the corresponding first slave control module is wirelessly connected to the main control module. In response to the second communication distance between the second single cell and the main control module being less than a preset distance threshold, and the second electromagnetic interference between the second single cell and the main control module being greater than a preset interference threshold, the corresponding second slave control module is wired to the main control module. as well as In response to the third communication distance between the third single cell battery and the main control module being greater than a preset distance threshold, a relay module is configured within the distance threshold, the corresponding third slave control module is wired to the relay module, and then the relay module is wired and / or wirelessly connected to the main control module.

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