Vehicle lighted glazing and manufacture thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a luminous laminated glazing (100) for a vehicle, having an optical separation layer forming all or part of a laminated interlayer (3).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to luminescent mounting glass for vehicles, particularly road vehicle mounting glass with light-emitting diodes.

[0002] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used for many years to illuminate signaling devices (traffic lights, etc.), turn signals, or position lights in motor vehicles. The advantages of diodes include their long lifespan, high luminous efficacy, reliability, low power consumption, and compact design, making devices using them more durable and requiring less maintenance.

[0003] Recently, as described in the literature, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used in vehicle roofs, particularly panoramic laminated roofs illuminated by LEDs. Light emitted by the diodes is introduced via the edge surface into the internal mounting glass forming the guide element, and then extracted from the mounting glass through a scattering layer.

[0004] To improve light extraction, document WO2008059170 proposes a car roof that integrates an optical isolation layer in the form of a 400nm porous silicone layer between a colored thermoplastic laminate and an inner light guide glass.

[0005] Therefore, this invention seeks to develop an alternative luminous vehicle assembly glass.

[0006] Therefore, the subject of this invention is luminous mounting glass for vehicles, particularly road vehicles (cars, trucks, public transport: buses, coaches, etc.) or rail vehicles (trains, subways, trams), preferably curved, particularly windshields, or rear windows, or even side windows, preferably roofs, comprising (curved) laminated mounting glass—which is transparent at least in the glass blank areas—comprising:

[0007] - A first sheet (curved, curved, transparent), made of glass, preferably mineral glass or plexiglass, optionally colored, particularly gray or green or transparent (glass), having a first main surface and a second main surface, said main surfaces being bare or coated with a functional (transparent) coating, particularly for up to 200 nm, wherein the first sheet, preferably made of mineral glass, particularly if intended as an outer sheet (especially the first surface facing the exterior of the vehicle and even the outer surface, commonly referred to as surface F1, and the second surface being surface F2, bare or coated with said transparent functional coating, particularly conductive (solar control, etc.) if it is transparent glass) or the first sheet is intended as an optionally tempered inner sheet, for road assembly glass, preferably having a thickness of up to 2.5 mm, or even up to 2.2 mm—particularly 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm—and even having a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, for example having a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible light range,

[0008] - A second sheet (curved, curved, transparent), made of mineral glass or plexiglass, preferably ultra-transparent glass, having a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 in the visible light range, having a third and a fourth principal surface, the principal surfaces preferably being bare or even coated with a (transparent) functional coating preferably at most 400 nm or 200 nm, wherein the second sheet is preferably made of mineral glass, particularly optionally tempered mineral glass if intended as an external sheet, or wherein the second sheet is intended as an internal sheet, the third surface facing the exterior of the vehicle (commonly referred to as surface F3) and the fourth surface facing the passenger compartment (referred to as surface F4), wherein the functional coating is particularly conductive (low emissivity), the sheet particularly having a thickness of at least 0.7 mm (to facilitate light guidance), optionally smaller than the first glass sheet if the second sheet is intended as an internal sheet. The thickness, even at most 2.2 mm—especially 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm—or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm, the total thickness of the first and second glass sheets is preferably strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, or even less than 3.7 mm, the first and second sheets particularly have substantially the same dimensions, for example having a generally rectangular shape, the first sheet (if external) may have a larger dimension than the second sheet (if internal), thereby protruding from the second sheet at least a portion of its periphery, optionally the second sheet (passenger compartment side) is smaller, particularly having an edge face that is recessed by at most 10 or 5 cm from the edge face of the first glass sheet on one or several edges (longitudinal or transverse) or throughout the periphery, which is particularly useful when the second sheet is coupled to the light source through its peripheral edge face.

[0009] - A (transparent) polymer laminate sandwich layer in adhesive contact with the third exposed or coated surface and the second exposed or coated surface.

[0010] Preferably, at least one of the first and second glass sheets intended for external assembly is made of mineral glass.

[0011] The thickness of one or more layers between the second and third surfaces is preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, and in particular, the thickness E0 of the laminated interlayer (of one or more layers of viscous thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer) is at least 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm in the guiding region.

[0012] The thickness between the first and fourth surfaces is preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, especially for road vehicles.

[0013] - (preferably on the third surface, particularly on surface F3, either exposed or coated) between the second and third surfaces, a (transparent) optical insulating layer that optically isolates the second sheet from the first sheet (particularly colored) and / or optionally colored laminated interlayer portions, having a refractive index n1 in the visible light range, wherein n0-n1 is at least 0.04 and even at least 0.1 in the visible range, and the optical insulating layer has a thickness of at least 500 nm and more preferably at least 800 nm and even 1 μm or 30 μm or 300 μm.

[0014] The mounting glass also preferably includes a light source (peripheral, preferably offset from the transparent glass region) optically coupled to a second sheet forming (all or part) the light guide. The light source can be removable, external, sold separately, or sold as a set. The mounting glass further preferably includes means for extracting the guided light from the light guide. The extraction means can be temporary (with removable adhesive) and therefore can be added or replaced, particularly on the fourth side (especially F4), or it can be permanent, particularly on the third side (especially F3).

[0015] Of course, once the light source and extraction device have been installed, the second sheet is used to operate the light guide.

[0016] The optical isolation layer according to the present invention is an adhesive layer made of cross-linked polymer material, forming a fully or partially laminated sandwich.

[0017] The present invention involves selecting a transparent adhesive layer for use as an optical insulating layer based on its mechanical properties and its ability to bond to a sheet, thereby bonding it to a glass sheet and / or, if necessary, to other interlayers. For simplicity, the optical insulating layer is preferably a single layer, or even multiple layers of cross-linked polymer (all with low refractive indices). A low refractive index coating (where np is between n0 and n1 or equal to n1) can be conceived as an adhesive primer layer, a porous (nanoporous) silica layer, between the optical insulating layer and a third surface. Preferably, the optical insulating layer is on the exposed third surface, or, if necessary, even on the transparent coating (e.g., having a refractive index greater than n0).

[0018] The optical isolation layer preferably extends at least over the so-called guide zone in the light guide, which lies between the light injection zone and the light extraction zone in the light guide, and even covers the light extraction zone, while being closer to the second surface than the light extraction device (which is in contact with the third (especially F3) or fourth (especially F4) surface within the second sheet, on one side of the thermoplastic film oriented toward the third surface—adhesive such as polyvinyl butyral PVB or non-adhesive such as polyester, polyethylene terephthalate PET) on the third or fourth surface.

[0019] The outer edge or edge of the optical isolation layer and even the laminated interlayer can deviate from the transparent glass area, especially the optical isolation layer extending below the internal peripheral masking layer between the second surface and the optical isolation layer.

[0020] The optical insulating layer can be combined with one or more other cross-linked thermoplastic and / or polymer adhesive layers while maintaining the most compact, mechanically efficient and transparent interlayer possible.

[0021] The optical insulating layer is a low-refractive-index optical adhesive of choice (OCA is optically transparent adhesive, or LOCA if liquid). This can be a single layer, a self-supporting film, or a coating on a second or third surface (bare or coated), or on a support (e.g., a thermoplastic with a higher refractive index, particularly non-adhesive, especially polyester, PET). It can also be a multilayer (multilayer deposits or films and deposits) as detailed below. If thick enough, the so-called upper portion (farthest from the third surface) of the optical insulating layer's thickness is primarily used for adhesion, cohesion of the assembled glass.

[0022] In this invention, the term "crosslinked polymer" is used in a broad sense to refer to the thermosetting polymer family.

[0023] In this invention, "tempered glass" refers to heat-tempered glass without any precision, and preferably glass that has been tempered during the glass bending process.

[0024] Preferably, the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is limited to a reference value in the range of 550 to 600 nm.

[0025] Preferably, the present invention relates to the roof of a road vehicle; the second surface is surface F2, and the third surface is surface F3.

[0026] One of the following arrangements is provided, which can be cumulative.

[0027] In the first configuration, for simplicity and / or to limit the guidance of the second sheet, the optical isolation layer (preferably) is in adhesive contact with a third surface (bare or coated with, for example, a low-refractive-index transparent layer and / or an adhesive primer). Alternatively, particularly for mechanical and / or adhesive enhancement, the optical isolation layer is preferably in adhesive contact with an underlying adhesive layer, called the lower (transparent), made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer. In particular, the underlying adhesive layer (single or multiple layers, preferably a film or sheet) guides some of the light and is preferably colorless (especially ultra-transparent) to avoid partially absorbing this light, having a refractive index n2 greater than n1 in the visible light range (preferably n2-n1 is at least 0.04 or at least 0.1). Specifically, the lower adhesive layer is in adhesive contact with the third surface (exposed or coated) and preferably has a thickness of up to 0.4 mm (to achieve compactness), if the second sheet is made of mineral glass, particularly a PVB-based layer (preferably containing a plasticizer) or an EVA-based layer, or if the second sheet is made of plexiglass such as polycarbonate PC, particularly a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based layer.

[0028] Furthermore, in conjunction with or replacing the first configuration or its alternatives, the optical isolation layer preferably adheres to a second surface (bare or coated) or to an overlying adhesive layer (transparent) made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer (colored or colorless), referred to as the overlying adhesive layer. The overlying adhesive layer (single or multiple layers, preferably at least one film or sheet) adheres to the second surface and preferably has a thickness of up to 0.4 mm (for compactness), particularly a PVB-based layer (preferably containing a plasticizer) or a layer based on ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).

[0029] According to one embodiment, the interlayer mainly comprises an upper adhesive layer (preferably one or more films), an optical insulating layer (preferably a film or layer on a support), and a lower adhesive layer (preferably one or more films) or even consists of the latter, particularly an optical insulating layer (preferably a film or layer on a polymer support, particularly polyester PET) in contact with the upper thermoplastic adhesive layer (preferably one or more films) and the lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (preferably one or more films), or in contact with the upper thermoplastic adhesive layer and the lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, or in contact with the upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and the lower thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0030] The interlayer may primarily consist of three adhesive layers bonded to the periphery of the optical isolation layer (such as a sealing joint), such as thermoplastic or cross-linked materials, or the interlayer may be (entirely) formed by these adhesive layers without a periphery adhesive layer.

[0031] The sandwich layer preferably comprises, or even is, an adhesive layer between the second and third surfaces in the following order (with or without functional elements within the upper adhesive layer or even the optical insulating layer):

[0032] - Upper PVB adhesive layer (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / Optical isolation layer / Lower PVB adhesive layer

[0033] -Or an upper PVB adhesive (or PVB / functional element / PVB) layer / optical insulating layer / lower adhesive layer (preferably thermoplastic polyurethane TPU if the second sheet is made of plexiglass).

[0034] -Or upper PVB adhesive (or PVB / functional element / PVB) layer / optical isolation layer / lower cross-linked polymer adhesive layer

[0035] -Or upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer / optical isolation layer / lower PVB adhesive layer

[0036] -Or an upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer / optical insulating layer / lower TPU adhesive layer (if it is plexiglass).

[0037] -Or upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer / optical isolation layer / lower cross-linked polymer adhesive layer.

[0038] Preferably, the upper and / or lower PVB-based interlayer (in sheet form) contains 70% to 75% PVB, 25% to 30% plasticizer, and less than 1% additives. However, there are also PVB sheets that contain almost no plasticizer (especially less than 5%) or no plasticizer, such as the "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY.

[0039] More simply, the interlayer may primarily comprise an optical insulating layer (preferably a film or layer on a polymer support, particularly polyester PET) and at most one thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (preferably one or more films), particularly PVB or EVA, between the second and third surfaces. The laminated interlayer preferably primarily comprises, or even even comprises, an adhesive layer between the second and third surfaces in the following order (with or without functional elements within the upper adhesive layer or even the optical insulating layer):

[0040] - Upper PVB adhesive (or PVB / functional element / PVB) layer / optical isolation layer

[0041] - Crosslinked polymer top adhesive layer / optical isolation layer

[0042] - Optical insulating layer / Lower TPU adhesive layer (if it is acrylic glass)

[0043] -Optical isolation layer / Underlying PVB adhesive layer

[0044] - Optical isolation layer / lower cross-linked polymer adhesive layer.

[0045] The interlayer may primarily consist of two adhesive layers (e.g., thermoplastic or cross-linked materials) bonded to a peripheral adhesive layer on the periphery of the optical isolation layer (such as a sealing joint), or the interlayer may be (entirely) formed of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0046] The laminated interlayer may lack a thermoplastic adhesive layer (over the entire surface), such as PVB or EVA or even TPU, particularly a thermoplastic adhesive layer in adhesive contact with the second and / or third surfaces. Specifically, the laminated interlayer comprises adhesive layers in the following order between the second and third surfaces:

[0047] - Crosslinked polymer top adhesive layer / optical isolation layer

[0048] - Optical isolation layer / lower cross-linked polymer adhesive layer.

[0049] The interlayer may primarily comprise two cross-linked polymer adhesive layers (e.g., thermoplastic or cross-linked materials) bonded to a peripheral adhesive layer on the periphery of the optical isolation layer (such as a sealing joint), or the interlayer may be (entirely) formed of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0050] The optical isolation layer (preferably a single layer, a film or coating on a polymer, or multiple layers) may be in adhesive contact with a second surface (bare or coated with a functional coating, particularly up to 200 nm) and a third surface (bare or coated with a functional coating, particularly up to 200 nm). The interlayer may primarily comprise the optical isolation layer bonded to a peripheral adhesive layer (e.g., thermoplastic or cross-linked material) on the periphery of the optical isolation layer (such as a sealing joint), or may be (entirely) formed by this adhesive layer without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0051] The laminated sandwich (such as the single or multiple layers mentioned above) may not have a local adhesive layer in contact with the second and third surfaces on the periphery of the optical isolation layer, and may even not have one or more other adhesive layers (lower or upper).

[0052] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (optical isolation layer, lower and / or upper adhesive layer, etc.) according to the present invention may contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of one or more polymers and even up to 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0053] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of a major polymer (or base polymer) based on the weight of one or more polymers.

[0054] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may contain other additives (preferably less than 10% by weight, 5% by weight, or 1% by weight of the layer), such as at least one of the following:

[0055] - Crosslinking agents, such as photoinitiators (residual),

[0056] - Plasticizer (for greater flexibility),

[0057] - Toughener,

[0058] - Durability additives.

[0059] The degree of polymerization, or even the degree of crosslinking, of the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%; the material of the layer may therefore contain residual prepolymers, monomers, and oligomers. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) can be used to analyze the crosslinked layer to determine the degree of polymerization. A mixture of polymers may be present.

[0060] If necessary, for example in the absence of chemical compatibility, the interlayer can be incorporated into the barrier film (particularly a non-adhesive (thermoplastic) plastic film) between the optical insulating layer and the upper adhesive layer (and / or between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer, respectively). The barrier layer, particularly the thermoplastic, has at least the dimensions of the optical insulating layer. Preferably, the upper adhesive layer (and / or the lower adhesive layer) protrudes from the edge face of the optical insulating layer (and the barrier film). The peripheral framework adhesive layer can be on the periphery of the optical insulating layer (particularly a thermoplastic film made of the upper (and / or lower) adhesive layer) and even the barrier film.

[0061] More broadly, the laminated interlayer may incorporate one or more (non-adhesive) functional elements above or even within the optical insulating layer (and optionally within the upper or even lower adhesive layer) that do not (significantly) participate in the "cohesion" of the assembled glass.

[0062] One or more functional elements may be located under or within the upper adhesive layer (thermoplastic or cross-linked material), within the lower adhesive layer, or even within the optical isolation layer, particularly in the upper portion of the optical isolation layer exceeding the minimum functional thickness of 600 nm or 800 nm.

[0063] For example, the laminated sandwich (single or multiple layers) may incorporate one or more functional elements (preferably functional films), particularly having a sub-centimeter thickness, and even up to 0.6 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.3 mm, or 0.2 mm, and preferably at least 30, 40, or 50 μm, preferably selected from at least one of the following functional films:

[0064] - Functional membranes (transparent, flexible, colorless or colored), especially polymer membranes, selected from:

[0065] - A polymer support (thermoplastic, particularly polyester PET) coated with an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating (preferably a single layer), the support having a main adhesive surface (by forming, for example, a cross-linked polymer layer on one side of the second surface) between the second surface (particularly F2) and the optical insulating layer, or optionally in adhesive contact with the upper adhesive layer, particularly the thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0066] - and / or an insulating film, a reflective infrared (sunlight control) and / or a heating film, such as a polymer substrate (particularly polyester PET) with a conductive (transparent) coating, the conductive (transparent) coating having a thickness of up to 0.4 mm, particularly localized or extending over almost all of the mounting glass, particularly facing or away from the propagation area, a light extraction device between the second surface (which is surface F2) and the optical isolation layer, optionally a support for an optical isolation layer having a conductive coating on a different side or on the opposite side (towards surface F3);

[0067] - and / or the aforementioned barrier membrane

[0068] -At least one optical film, which is

[0069] - An extractor film, particularly a polymer (e.g., thermoplastic or thermosetting), forming a light-guiding extraction device (in the lower adhesive layer), for example having an embossed and / or scattering (through a scattering layer) within or on the body, an extractor film, particularly a membrane and even a thermoplastic, preferably an extractor polymer film between or within the optical isolation layer and the lower adhesive layer and facing the optical isolation layer (rather than offset from the optical isolation layer), is located on or within the lower adhesive layer.

[0070] - and / or a film referred to as a redirection film, particularly a polymer (e.g., thermoplastic or thermosetting), forming a device for redirecting light (originating from a light source on one side of the fourth surface or even offset from the mounting glass), locally (e.g., textured, above or within the lower adhesive layer, particularly preferably between the optical isolation layer and the lower adhesive layer, or within the lower adhesive layer and facing the optical isolation layer (rather than offset from the optical isolation layer), a redirection film,

[0071] - (to a greater or lesser extent) at least one electronic device selected from the following: a sensor; an electronically controlled device with variable hue and / or scattering; an additional diode (emitting toward the first or second sheet); extending particularly partially or almost entirely over the assembled glass, particularly toward or away from the propagation area; and a light extraction device between the second surface and the optical isolation layer.

[0072] Specifically, the upper adhesive layer may comprise two thermoplastic films or sheets, such as those based on PVB (or thermocrosslinked adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives), and larger than the functional element (particularly electronic devices or insulation films), with the functional element positioned between the two sheets. Specifically, for functional elements (polymer films, electronic devices, etc.) with a thickness of at least 0.4 mm, a peripheral intermediate sheet of the same properties as the two sheets, particularly a peripheral intermediate sheet based on PVB (or thermocrosslinked adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives), surrounds and contacts the edge face of the functional element and protrudes and contacts it between the two sheets. This peripheral intermediate sheet forms part of the laminated interlayer. For functional elements with a thickness less than or equal to 0.4 mm, and even 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm, the thermoplastic material can creep sufficiently.

[0073] Specifically, the lower adhesive layer may comprise two thermoplastic films or sheets, such as those based on PVB, EVA, or TPU (or thermally crosslinked adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives), and larger than the redirecting film, with the redirecting film positioned between the two sheets. A peripheral intermediate sheet, particularly a thermoplastic (or thermally crosslinked adhesive, such as pressure-sensitive adhesive) based on PVB, EVA, or TPU, may also be present, surrounding and contacting the edge face of the redirecting film, and protruding and contacting it between the two sheets. This peripheral intermediate sheet forms part of the laminated interlayer.

[0074] Preferably, for any functional element (particularly polymer film) according to the invention, a thickness of at least 30 or 40 μm or 50 μm is preferred for ease of handling during assembly, and more preferably at most 500 μm or 400 μm or 300 μm. In particular, functional elements (films, particularly polymers, electronic devices) with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm or 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm do not require peripheral intermediate sheets.

[0075] If the support (polymer, non-adhesive, such as polyester PET) is used in the form of a coating for the optical isolation layer (a high or low refractive index support relative to the second sheet), the support is preferably farther from the third surface (especially surface F3) than the optical isolation layer.

[0076] Polymer functional films (polymer supports, optical films: extractors, redirectors, blocking films) are, for example, thermoplastic (flexible, bending according to the curvature of the assembled glass), especially non-adhesive to glass, such as: polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylics, polyolefins, especially polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC) or PMMA (co-extruded) films made of PET-PMMA, poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0077] For polymer functional films made of PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) as the lower or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0078] For heat insulation films, transparent coated PET films, such as XIR from Eastman, and co-extruded PET-PMMA films, such as SRF, can be used. type.

[0079] Naturally, polymer functional membranes can be multifunctional (support, barrier, optical, etc.).

[0080] The extraction membrane can have a customized range. It can be partial or cover at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the transparent glass area. The extraction membrane can have one or more extraction zones, which are partial (textured, etc.) or occupy at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the transparent glass area (and / or at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the transparent membrane surface). The extraction membrane has the same or smaller dimensions as the underlying lower adhesive layer or the lower adhesive layer bonded to the extraction membrane.

[0081] Furthermore, the first sheet may be colored and / or one or any layer according to the invention above the optical insulating layer (particularly the insulating film, polymer support, barrier film, upper adhesive layer) may be colored and even partially opaque, excluding transparent glass areas. The optical insulating layer itself may be colored and even partially opaque, excluding transparent glass areas. One or any layer of the laminated interlayer may be partially opaque (at the periphery), excluding transparent glass areas. The insulating film, polymer support, or barrier film may be colored and even partially opaque (at the periphery), excluding transparent glass areas.

[0082] Therefore, any colored and even partially opaque layer (the optical isolation layer and / or the layer above the optical isolation layer) according to the invention may contain (within the polymer matrix) a colorant (organic or inorganic), particularly a molecular dye or inorganic pigment. To achieve opacity, the level of the colorant can be increased. Preferably, the colorant is black.

[0083] The first sheet can be transparent glass, with a heat-insulating coating (sunlight control) on the second side (which is side F2), and an optional upper adhesive layer (thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer) is colored or transparent. An optical insulating layer restricts the absorption of guided light.

[0084] The first sheet made of mineral glass may be silica-based glass, soda-lime-based glass, preferably soda-lime-silica glass, or even aluminosilicate glass or borosilicate glass, and preferably has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) of at least 0.4% by weight and preferably at most 1.5% by weight.

[0085] To limit the absorption of guided light, the second sheet made of mineral glass may be, in particular, silica-based glass, soda-lime-based glass, soda-lime-silica-based glass, aluminosilicate-based glass, or borosilicate-based glass, having a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) of up to 0.05 wt% (500 ppm), preferably up to 0.03 wt% (300 ppm), and at most 0.015 wt% (150 ppm), and especially greater than or equal to 0.005 wt%. The redox ratio of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0086] The colored film (insulating film, polymer support, barrier film, upper adhesive layer) according to the present invention may have a transmittance of up to 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%.

[0087] The colored optical insulating layer according to the invention may have a transmittance of up to 50%, 40%, 30%, or 20% and at least 5%. The first sheet may thus be colored or colorless, and / or the upper adhesive layer may thus be colored or colorless.

[0088] For vehicle roofs, for example, choose a tinted film with a light transmittance of less than 100% to 2%, preferably 28% to 8%.

[0089] Below the laminated interlayer (on the third side), one or more optical films, preferably localized, such as those mentioned above, particularly:

[0090] - An extraction membrane that is in contact with or via a partial adhesive layer, preferably between the optical insulating layer and the third surface or even offset from the optical insulating layer, particularly in contact with the optical insulating layer.

[0091] - and / or a redirecting film, on the third surface or via a partial adhesive layer, preferably between the optical isolation layer and the third surface, particularly in contact with the optical isolation layer.

[0092] Alternatively, one or more optical films may be on a fourth surface. For example, several individual optical films may be distributed on the same surface in a transparent glass region. The optical film may be a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer film.

[0093] When the optical film is placed on the third surface (F3), it is preferably localized to increase the adhesive contact surface between the laminated interlayer (optical insulating layer or lower adhesive layer) and the third surface.

[0094] The area of ​​the (partial) extraction membrane can be significantly smaller than the area of ​​the second sheet. It advantageously occupies less than 30% of the area of ​​the second sheet, preferably at most 25%, and particularly 1% to 10%. The extraction membrane can have any shape. It can cover the transparent glass area, and even its edges may be below the inner masking layer.

[0095] Alternatively, the local optical film (extraction film or redirection film) can be bonded by a transparent adhesive layer, preferably having a refractive index close to n0. In this configuration, the adhesive layer can be part of an adhesive layer larger than the local optical film, such as a PVB, TPU, or OCA film, and thus constitute part of the aforementioned lower adhesive layer. This adhesive layer does not extend beyond the optical film; it can be considered not part of the laminated interlayer. This adhesive layer can be optionally surrounded by a lower adhesive layer having an optional thickness different from that of the adhesive layer.

[0096] A thermoplastic polymer can also be used to extract the membrane, and the polymer is heated at least locally to its softening point before contacting the second sheet in order to position it on the thermoplastic underlayer adhesive.

[0097] Another possibility is to form an extraction membrane by reacting the monomer mixture through injection molding (RIM) to eventually form a polymeric thermosetting material in situ.

[0098] Extraction membranes or redirection optical membranes can also be placed between an optical insulating layer (a membrane or coating on a polymer support, particularly polyester PET) and an underlayer adhesive layer—a thermoplastic polymer (PVB, EVA, etc.) or a cross-linked polymer. The underlayer adhesive layer can be used to adhere the membrane. A range of customized extraction membranes is available.

[0099] Preferably, each localized redirection optical film has a width of at most 10 cm, at most 5 cm, or even at most 2 cm, and particularly has a length similar to that of each (custom-designed) linear light source, which is in particular a set of diodes on a support. For example, it can be a rectangular strip with rounded corners.

[0100] (Single or multiple) laminated interlayers may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and up to 1100.

[0101] The total thickness of one or more cross-linked polymer adhesive layers (of the interlayer) according to the invention preferably has a thickness of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and up to 1100 (in micrometers).

[0102] Preferably, the total thickness of one or more thermoplastic adhesive layers (of the interlayer) according to the invention may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, or 800.

[0103] For ease of manufacturing and for mechanical strength, the film optical isolation layer may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and up to 1100.

[0104] The optical insulating layer coated on the second (curved) mineral glass sheet may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 μm and up to 1100 μm.

[0105] The optical insulating layer coated on the second curved acrylic sheet may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and up to 1100.

[0106] Preferably, the thickness of the (crosslinkable adhesive) optical insulating layer deposited on the curved glass is limited to maintain a thickness as constant as possible across the entire guiding area. An alternative is to deposit the optical insulating layer by filling the cavity between the first and second sheets.

[0107] For ease of manufacture and for mechanical strength, the coated optical insulating layer assembly on the polymer support, particularly polyester PET (with opposing main surfaces optionally adhered to a cross-linked polymer material), may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and up to 1100.

[0108] Regarding optical properties, the optical isolation layer or even any cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic polymer adhesive layer (lower adhesive layer and / or upper adhesive layer) or even the laminated interlayer may have a transmittance of at least 85% or 90% and / or a haze of less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, or less than 0.5%.

[0109] The glass used in the assembly can have a transparency suitable for its application and a haze of less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, or less than 0.5%.

[0110] The second sheet can be made of plexiglass, particularly polyurethane (PU) based plexiglass, which typically has an n0 of about 1.47; polycarbonate (PC) based plexiglass, which typically has an n0 of about 1.59; polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based plexiglass, which typically has an n0 of about 1.47; and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based plexiglass, which has an n0 of about 1.54.

[0111] Acrylic glass can be flexible to follow the curvature of the first bend or preformed sheet.

[0112] Choose the lowest possible refractive index n1 such that n0-n1 is at least 0.04.

[0113] In the case of plexiglass such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or cross-linked polymer materials (for greater chemical compatibility) are preferred over PVB as the underlying thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0114] If the second sheet is made of plexiglass, then the first glass sheet may preferably be made of tempered glass.

[0115] N m is the average refractive index of the optical isolation layer within the wavelength range A from 380nm to 750nm, and x is the change in the refractive index of the optical isolation layer within range A, where x is the spacing n0-n m Up to 30%, and even up to 20% or 10%, of the extracted light can be controlled to control the color of the light. This in particular allows for limiting the chromaticity variation between the injected light and the extracted light (if it is polychromatic, white, etc.), and even allows for better color uniformity between different extracted patterns at different distances from the light source.

[0116] Specifically, when n0 is 1.5 in the visible light range, the refractive index n1 and / or average refractive index n in the visible light range, particularly at 550 nm and preferably 500 nm to 750 nm and even 380 nm to 750 nm, are... m The refractive index n1 can be less than or equal to 1.46, 1.45, 1.44, 1.43, 1.42, 1.41, 1.40, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.34, 1.33, 1.32, 1.31, 1.30, 1.29, 1.28, 1.27, 1.26, or 1.25. In particular, when n0 is at least 1.55 in the visible light range, the refractive index n1 in the visible light range, especially at 550 nm and preferably 500 nm to 750 nm and even 380 nm to 750 nm, can also be less than or equal to 1.50, 1.49, 1.48, or 1.47.

[0117] In the case of multi-layer optical isolation layers, starting from the third surface, different materials can have a constant refractive index or a gradient with gradually increasing refractive index.

[0118] The cross-linked polymer material (optical insulating layer, lower or upper adhesive layer, or even layers, framework layers, colored opaque layers described later) of the cross-linked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is based on a cross-linked polymer (one or more cross-linked polymers), and in particular, is essentially composed of a cross-linked polymer. Preferably, the cross-linked polymer material is free of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reproductive toxic (CMR) agents.

[0119] The optical isolation layer exhibits good adhesion to the first and / or second sheets of (mineral or even organic) glass. For example, the peel strength of the optical isolation layer to mineral glass (or organic glass) reaches greater than 2 N / mm, 3 N / mm, 4 N / mm, 5 N / mm, 6 N / mm, 7 N / mm, 8 N / mm, 9 N / mm, and 10 N / mm.

[0120] According to one characteristic, the optical insulating layer (particularly a film), alone or in combination with a lower and / or upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, has a hardness of 20 Shore 000 to 60 Shore 000. Most particularly, if the laminated interlayer (preferably comprising at least one crosslinked polymer adhesive film, and even at least 30 μm, 40, or 50 μm) does not contain a lower and / or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer. Thus, the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer is neither too soft nor too hard, so that in the event of an accident or breakage, it cannot prevent cracks from propagating from one or more sheets of glass.

[0121] The hardness of the cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (film or coating) was measured according to standard ASTM-D2240 on a 10 mm thick reference sample, which consisted of a polymer adhesive material that was cross-linked (preferably UVA photocrosslinked) after being poured into a hollow mold in liquid form.

[0122] According to another feature preferably added to the foregoing features, the optical insulating layer alone (especially the film) or in combination with the lower and / or upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer has an elongation at break of 200% to 1000%, especially 250% to 1000%, preferably 300% to 1000%.

[0123] The optical insulating layer (deposited via a liquid route on the first and / or second sheet or on the support) may be fully or partially cross-linked before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets (particularly mineral glass sheets).

[0124] Before, during, or after the lamination process between the first and second glass sheets, the optical insulating layer (in the film) can be fully or partially crosslinked.

[0125] Lamination in the absence of thermoplastic materials is carried out by vacuum under at least one pressure.

[0126] To manufacture crosslinked polymer adhesive layers according to the invention (optical insulating layers or, more broadly, any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layers, lower or upper adhesive layers, framework layers, colored opaque layers, etc.), crosslinkable adhesives that cure upon reaction of their components (particularly under ultraviolet light, thermally crosslinkable, etc.) or upon solvent evaporation can be used. In all cases, a chemical reaction is present to generate chemical bonds for crosslinking, in which case the crosslinked polymer is defined by forming a 3D network of polymer chains bonded by chemical bonds.

[0127] Therefore, the curing mechanism of crosslinkable adhesives depends on their properties. Some (photo)crosslinking occurs specifically via energy supplies in the ultraviolet (UVA) or visible light range (400-405 nm), while others occur at ambient temperature via chemical reactions with the addition of a curing agent. Other crosslinkable adhesives crosslink via chemical reactions that are initiated and promoted by the provision of heat energy.

[0128] Liquid deposition of crosslinkable adhesives can be achieved by spraying, curtain coating, flow coating, roller coating, slot die coating, dip coating or casting, doctor blade coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, drop casting, or especially by filling cavities with a syringe.

[0129] Preferably, the optical isolation layer or even more broadly, any other cross-linked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer, framework layer, colored opaque layer, etc.) is preferably photocrosslinked by ultraviolet light, for example, comprising a polymer matrix that is photocrosslinked by ultraviolet light.

[0130] The cross-linked polymer material (for the light-isolating layer or even any other cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, particularly the lower and / or upper layers) is preferably selected from polymers based on (or substantially composed of) polyacrylates (e.g., having a refractive index n1 of up to 1.46 or 1.4), particularly fluorinated polyurethane acrylates (e.g., having the lowest possible refractive index n1) or polyurethane acrylates or fluorosilicone acrylates, polysiloxanes or silicones (e.g., having a refractive index n1 of up to 1.4 or 1.3), particularly polydimethylsiloxanes, epoxy polymers, polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polyvinyl acetate, and polyesters.

[0131] The polyacrylates described herein refer to any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylates. Within permissible valence ranges, the repeating units may be substituted or unsubstituted. The acrylate polymers may be homopolymers and / or copolymers. In this document, polyacrylates include one or more of polymethyl acrylate, polyvinyl acrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, and polypropyl methacrylate.

[0132] The epoxy polymers described in this article refer to polymers obtained by polymerizing substances containing epoxy bonds. Epoxy polymers include one or more of the following: bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol A epoxy resin, halogenated phenolic epoxy resin, phenolic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, and bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0133] The crosslinked polymer material (of the optical isolator layer or even any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, particularly the lower and / or upper layers) is preferably based on (or substantially composed of) a polymer associated with one or more functional groups, such as acrylate functional groups for photocrosslinking (in crosslinked polymer materials based on polyurethane acrylates or silicone acrylates) and / or fluorinated functional groups, in order to cause a decrease in refractive index, particularly for the optical isolator layer (in crosslinked polymer materials based on fluorinated polyurethane acrylates or fluorosilicone acrylates). Thus, it is preferred that the crosslinked polymer material of the optical isolator layer be a polymer, preferably based on acrylates, polyurethane acrylates, silicone, or silicone acrylates, and the polymer further has fluorinated functional groups.

[0134] Depending on the desired properties, acrylate functional groups can be used for photocrosslinking (for polyurethane acrylates or silicone acrylates). Acrylate functional groups allow for photocrosslinking of the polymer backbone, which is composed of other functional groups such as urethane.

[0135] The optical insulating layer (or even any other cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, particularly the lower and / or upper portion) according to the invention can be a coating obtained by liquid methods and derived from a formulation cross-linked by a chemical reaction, preferably a formulation cross-linked by UV (UVA) or even a two-component formulation. UV (A) cross-linking is preferred because it is faster and the equipment is cheaper / more compact compared to chemical reactions.

[0136] The optical isolation layer according to the invention can be a cross-linked polymer coating (deposited on a third surface or on a support or filling the cavity between sheets), preferably based on polyurethane acrylate or fluorinated polyurethane acrylate.

[0137] In a first example of an optical isolation layer in the form of a coating, an acrylate-based crosslinkable UV resin is deposited on a second sheet (of mineral or plexiglass) or a polymer support.

[0138] In a second example of an optical isolation layer in the form of a coating, a one-component crosslinkable UV resin based on acrylate (polyurethane acrylate) is deposited on a second sheet (of mineral or plexiglass) or a polymer support.

[0139] In a third example of an optical isolation layer in the form of a coating, a silicone-based crosslinkable UV resin is deposited on a second sheet (of mineral or plexiglass) or a polymer support.

[0140] The following resins can be mentioned as low-refractive-index crosslinkable liquid adhesives (for optical insulating layers):

[0141] -Based on polyurethane acrylates, such as those from Norland, specifically the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (n1 = 1.315), which is an aliphatic polyurethane acrylate.

[0142] - Products based on fluorinated polyurethane acrylates, such as those from Shin-A, particularly those known as SFA 335 (n1 = 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (n1 = 1.385-1.389).

[0143] -Based on acrylates, such as, in particular, products called UZ 181A (n1 = 1.47) from AKChemTeck, or products called UVEKOL S15 (n1 = 1.44) from Allenex.

[0144] Liquid OCA based on fluorinated polyurethane acrylates may be mentioned, such as those from Shin-A, particularly products known as LOCAShin-A 335 (n1 = 1.335-1.339) or 387 (n1 = 1.385-1.389).

[0145] As already explained, the optical isolation layer preferably in adhesive contact with the third surface can be, for example, a coating having a thickness of at least 1 μm, 10 μm, or 100 μm on a non-adhesive polymer support (having a sub-millimeter thickness, preferably 20 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm to 200 μm) located further away from the third surface (preferably surface F3), and if lamination is required, another adhesive layer made of a cross-linked polymer is provided on the other surface (preferably surface F2), for example having a thickness of at least 1 μm, 10 μm, or 100 μm. The other adhesive layers are in contact with the second surface or with the polymer layer, particularly the thermoplasticity of the laminated interlayer and the upper adhesive layer.

[0146] Alternatively, the optical isolation layer can be a coating on a support, which is a low-refractive-index polymer substrate (thickness from 20 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm to 200 μm) away from the third surface (preferably surface F3), and, if lamination is required, has another adhesive layer made of a cross-linked polymer on the other side. As such a low-refractive-index support (coated with optical isolation adhesive), particularly having a refractive index of up to 1.45 in the visible light range, a (thermoplastic) fluoropolymer film can be selected. The fluoropolymer film can be based on or even made from one of the following materials:

[0147] - Perfluoroalkoxy PFA, especially n2, is approximately 1.3

[0148] - Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), especially with n2 of approximately 1.4.

[0149] -Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene

[0150] -Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene ETFE, more specifically poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene), particularly with n2 of approximately 1.4.

[0151] - Ethylene perfluoropropylene copolymer FEP or (fluorinated ethylene propylene), particularly n2 is about 1.3.

[0152] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), especially with an n2 of approximately 1.3, is the most difficult to laminate.

[0153] - Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).

[0154] Preferably, it has a haze of up to 2%. The fluoropolymer film can be readily obtained from 50 μm. For better assembly, the fluoropolymer film may have one or both main surfaces treated with an adhesive surface treatment (preferably corona treatment).

[0155] The optical isolation layer or even more broadly, any (other) cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (lower or upper adhesive layer, framework layer, colored, opaque layer, etc.) according to the invention may comprise or even be a cross-linked polymer film, particularly a cross-linked polymer film of at least 30 μm, 40 μm, or 50 μm.

[0156] In particular, the optical insulating layer and / or the upper or lower adhesive layer made of cross-linked polymer are cross-linked polymer films, especially at least 30 μm thick, which preferably adhere to a third surface, and most particularly:

[0157] - A pressure-sensitive film, preferably in adhesive contact with a third surface (rather than with the underlying adhesive layer), and preferably selected from acrylates, polyurethane acrylates or fluorinated polyurethane acrylates or silicone-based polymers.

[0158] -Or a partially photocrosslinked polymer post-adhesive film before assembly, and photocrosslinked (continuous photocrosslinking) after assembly, and preferably a so-called acrylate post-adhesive film.

[0159] The adhesive contact is achieved through continuous photocrosslinking. Prior to crosslinking, the assembled glass is placed under a vacuum to degas, and then placed in a pressurized autoclave with a positive pressure of, for example, 2-4 bar, and optionally at a temperature above ambient temperature.

[0160] In particular, pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) bond through contact after mechanical pressure is applied.

[0161] Pressure-sensitive adhesive, abbreviated as PSA and often referred to as self-adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied, thus making the adhesive and the surfaces to be bonded a single unit. No solvents, water, or heat are required to activate the adhesive.

[0162] As its name suggests, it is "pressure-sensitive," and the degree of adhesion between a given surface and a self-adhesive adhesive is affected by the amount of pressure applied to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bond formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral glass or plexiglass sheet).

[0163] PSAs are typically designed to form an adhesive and maintain that adhesive at ambient temperatures.

[0164] PSA can be made from rubber, polyurethane, acrylate polymers, or polysiloxanes.

[0165] PSA is typically based on an elastomer coupled with a suitable additional adhesive or "tackifier" (such as an ester resin).

[0166] The elastomer can preferably be based on:

[0167] - Acrylic esters, which can be viscous enough that no additional tackifier is needed.

[0168] - Siloxanes, requiring special tackifiers such as "MQ" type silicate resins, consist of monofunctional ("M") trimethylsilanes that have been reacted with tetrafunctional ("Q") silicon tetrachloride. Silicone-based PSAs are, for example, adhesives and resins of polydimethylsiloxane dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene.

[0169] Or optionally:

[0170] - Styrene-based block copolymers, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), or styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers.

[0171] -Vinyl ether,

[0172] -Nitrile.

[0173] PSA adhesive is sold in double-sided adhesive rolls, with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0174] As a silicone-based PSA, Dow can be mentioned. Adhesives such as 2013 adhesive, 7657 adhesive, Q2-7735 adhesive, Q2-7406 adhesive, Q2-7566 adhesive, 7355 adhesive, 7358 adhesive, 280A adhesive, 282 adhesive, 7651 adhesive, 7652 adhesive, 7356 adhesive, or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha. Such as K120E, K90E, or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0175] As acrylate-based PSAs, Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U and CS98210UK can be mentioned, or Adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, and OCA 69405.

[0176] As a low-refractive-index acrylate-based PSA film (used as an optical insulating layer), Nitto's CS986 (n1 = 1.47) can be mentioned.

[0177] As a silicone-based low-refractive-index film PSA (used as an optical isolation layer), a product from Taica called OptAlpha Gel (n1 = 1.41) can be mentioned.

[0178] Regarding silicones, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polydimethylsiloxane (which is an organometallic polymer of the siloxane family) is preferred.

[0179] Various assembly configurations are available; the upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layers are preferably pressure-sensitive (self-supporting, external) or post-adhesive films or coatings (deposited on the same or different supports as the second surface or optically insulating coating supports).

[0180] If the optical isolation layer is thin, for example, at most 50 μm, then the upper and / or lower cross-linked polymer adhesive layers (if there is no thermoplastic adhesive layer) are thick.

[0181] In one example of the upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, or for a framework layer in the form of an acrylate-based PSA film, Nitto’s CS986 product with a refractive index n2 of 1.49 may be mentioned.

[0182] In examples of upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layers (or any other adhesive layer: frame, etc.) in the form of a coating, a UV-crosslinkable resin ester based on a single-component thiol group, with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.524, from Norland, is deposited and called NOA 65.

[0183] In the example of an upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (or any other adhesive layer: frame, etc.) in the form of a coating, a product called ShinASBPF-022 is deposited based on a UV-crosslinkable resin ester of one-component polyurethane fluorene with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.60.

[0184] If needed, the optical isolation layer (see Other Components) can be protected from moisture, dust, and external environmental factors for better durability.

[0185] As already seen, the assembled glass according to the invention may comprise a so-called frame layer, which surrounds the periphery (edge ​​face) of the optical insulating layer, preferably in contact with the optical insulating layer, optionally in adhesive contact with a third surface and even with a second surface (and forms part of a laminated interlayer), and is a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer. The thickness of the so-called frame layer is preferably at least equal to the thickness of the optical insulating layer. It is, for example, at least 1 mm wide and at most 5 cm or 1 cm wide.

[0186] The frame layer can be partially opaque (on the strip) or opaque over the entire perimeter.

[0187] The framework layer can be a thermosetting adhesive (two-component photocrosslinked cross-section) that forms a seal, separating it from or adhering to the already described layers of the laminated interlayer (which themselves are recessed from the edge face of the sheet). It can be in adhesive contact with the second and third surfaces. The framework layer can be, for example, polyurethane, epoxy resin, butyl rubber, etc.

[0188] In cases where the upper thermoplastic adhesive layer extends beyond the edge of the optical isolation layer, the frame layer can be used to compensate for the thickness of the optical isolation layer, and even to compensate for its support.

[0189] The frame layer preferably has the same material properties as the upper adhesive layer.

[0190] For example:

[0191] - An upper adhesive layer made of PVB (transparent or colored) with zero or more or less significant plasticizer content.

[0192] - A frame layer made of PVB (e.g., locally or throughout the periphery colored) with zero or more or less significant plasticizer content, the thickness of which is at least equal to the thickness of the optical insulating layer.

[0193] - An optional lower adhesive layer of PVB (transparent) with zero or more or less significant plasticizer content.

[0194] If the frame layer is colored for reasons described later, the frame layer may be on the injection region or at the beginning of the propagation region.

[0195] The frame layer may surround the propagation area; it is preferably located outside the transparent glass area.

[0196] Preferably, and even generally fundamentally, the assembled glass includes at least one transparent area, referred to as the "transparent glass area" or transparent field of view, which is not covered by a surrounding (inner) opaque masking layer. The transparent glass area is thus the central area.

[0197] The transparent glass area typically comprises at least 20%, preferably at least 50%, and particularly at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the total surface area of ​​the assembled glass, including the area covered by the encapsulation or seal. In other words, the opaque layer covers an area that typically comprises at most 80%, preferably at most 50%, and particularly at most 30%, 20%, 10%, or 5% of the total surface area of ​​the assembled glass.

[0198] The optical density of the opaque layer is preferably at least 2 and even at most 5.

[0199] The laminated interlayer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or even 100% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass.

[0200] The optical isolation layer preferably extends beyond the propagation area, particularly forming only a laminated interlayer, and may occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass.

[0201] Regarding the range of components, several configurations are possible, in particular, the edge faces of the laminated interlayer (the edge faces of the optical isolation layer, the lower and / or upper adhesive layers, or even the edge faces of the adhesive frame layer) are not necessarily aligned with the edge faces of the first and / or second sheets, and the edge faces of the interlayer layers are not even necessarily aligned with each other.

[0202] The upper adhesive layer (and / or the release layer and / or optionally the lower adhesive layer) may be recessed from the edge face of the first sheet by up to 10 mm or even up to 2 mm. The edge face of the upper adhesive layer may be flush with the edge face of the release layer or protrude from the release layer, as already seen.

[0203] The upper adhesive layer (as well as the isolation layer and optionally the lower adhesive layer) may occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass.

[0204] There may be several injection zones and several light sources, with the peripheral ones being preferred.

[0205] The optical isolation layer preferably extends beyond the propagation area and preferably extends over the extraction device (contact or non-contact), and may even occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass. The extraction device covers, for example, up to 90% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass.

[0206] The optical isolation layer may extend upstream of the propagation zone above the aperture (and occupy at least 90% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass).

[0207] The optical isolation layer can extend downstream of the injection region.

[0208] The assembled glass may therefore include an inner opaque peripheral masking layer between the second surface (especially F2) and the third surface (especially F3), particularly a coating on the enamel (black, etc.) or laminate on the second surface, such as an opaque coating (based on PVB and containing dye) on the PVB main surface on one side of the second or third surface.

[0209] The inner masking layer can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5mm) from the edge of the mounting glass, or even rise to the edge. The masking layer can be a strip forming the frame of the mounting glass (windshield, roof, etc.), particularly black. Opacity is applied throughout the perimeter to conceal body components or seals, or to protect adhesives used for mounting on the vehicle. This inner masking layer specifically contacts the second main surface. This inner masking layer specifically delineates the transparent glass area. For the outer edges of the optical insulating layer, or more broadly, any adhesive layer of the laminated interlayer, it is advantageous to be masked by the inner masking layer rather than in the transparent glass area. For the outer and even inner edges of the frame layer, it may be advantageous to be masked by the inner masking layer rather than in the transparent glass area; for the frame layer, it may be advantageous to be below the inner masking layer.

[0210] The width of the inner shielding layer along the side of the vehicle roof is usually smaller than the width of the front or even the rear.

[0211] In particular, where the first sheet is an externally mounted glass (and the second sheet is therefore an internally mounted glass), another shielding layer, called the internal shielding layer, can be on face F4 on the passenger compartment side, especially facing the inner shielding layer (and even have the same properties, such as a enamel on the second sheet made of mineral glass, especially a black enamel). It can be adjacent to an optional transparent functional coating (especially an insulating one), at least in the transparent glass area.

[0212] Especially for car roofs (the first piece is the externally mounted glass):

[0213] - The width of the inner (and even internal) masking layer along its longitudinal edge can be up to 30 cm, especially 10-20 cm.

[0214] - The width of the inner (and even the inner) shielding layer along the rear edge may be up to 30 cm, especially at least 1 or 5 cm, and the width along the front edge may be up to 60 cm, especially at least 1 or 5 cm.

[0215] The longitudinal and / or transverse edges are not necessarily parallel to each other.

[0216] The width of the inner shielding layer is preferably greater than the width of the inner shielding layer. The inner shielding layer is particularly uniform, or has a width smaller than that of the inner shielding layer.

[0217] The inner and / or internal masking layer may be an organic or mineral binder (sintered glass frit) with organic or inorganic colorants (especially molecular dyes or inorganic pigments).

[0218] The inner and / or internal opaque masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (flattened, with solid edges or gradient edges (pattern group)).

[0219] In the first case of light injection, the light source is optionally coupled to the edge face of the second sheet within a peripheral notch of the display. This light source can be housed in a polymer package, as described in application WO2010049638, particularly... Figure 15 or Figure 16 It even has grooves for removing or replacing light sources.

[0220] In the second case of light injection, a second sheet, particularly made of mineral glass, may contain at least one peripheral hole (a blind hole through or even within the thickness, opening at least on a fourth surface) beneath the inner masking layer (outside the transparent glass area), and the light source is coupled to the wall of the second sheet defining the hole, preferably housed within the hole. This light source (particularly a diode) may be within the hole and may be associated with an optical element (light guide) between the injection wall and the light source within the hole or inside the passenger compartment. Exemplary embodiments described in patents WO2018 / 178591 or WO2013 / 110885 may be specifically referenced.

[0221] An internal masking layer is, for example, on either side of the hole (of each hole).

[0222] The second sheet may have multiple (through) holes, each defined by an inner wall, and a light source (all the same or different, customized) may be coupled to the inner wall in such a way and even housed in each (through) hole.

[0223] The hole (each hole) preferably has a width of at most 50 mm and at least 10 mm, and is preferably spaced at most 200 mm from the edge of the second sheet. The shape of the hole (each hole) can be elliptical or circular.

[0224] The aperture in the second (mineral) glass sheet in which the light source (diode) is housed can advantageously be closed by a cover, preferably a removable cover, preferably integrated into the diode module and attached to the inner edge surface of the aperture and / or the fourth main surface (by a reversible attachment device).

[0225] The through-holes or blind holes (leading to the second surface) in the laminated interlayer can be a continuation of selected holes through the second glass sheet and have the same width and shape.

[0226] The power supply for the light source (diode) can be provided by current feeding integrated into the laminated assembly glass (e.g., wires incorporated into the laminate interlayer), or the wires can even be applied to the fourth main surface of the second sheet (the inner sheet, the passenger compartment side), and optionally can be protected by a cover.

[0227] The optical isolation layer extends upstream of the propagation area above the aperture (and preferably occupies at least 80% or 90% of the surface area of ​​the assembled glass). The aperture—if it is a through-hole—is covered by a cap, in particular forming a sealing gasket to prevent moisture from entering the window through the recess, on the third surface side, particularly by a reflective metal foil (aluminum, etc.) or a metallized (plastic or mineral) film.

[0228] The cover also forms an optical shutter. The cover preferably protrudes at most 30 mm from the inner wall of the hole. It can be placed on a third surface or in contact with the interlayer through adhesive application and / or bonding. The hole and / or the cover, for example, are at most 100 mm from the transparent glass area, and preferably at least 10 or 20 mm away.

[0229] The optical isolation layer can extend on the cover and even beyond.

[0230] The frame layer can cover the holes and optional caps.

[0231] In the third case of injected light, the light source is on one side of the fourth surface, facing or offset from the fourth main surface, particularly below the inner masking layer (facing the inner masking layer), and coupled to the second sheet on that side and even on the third or side and even on the fourth surface via a redirected optical film as already described.

[0232] The light source can be directly optically coupled or coupled via optical devices. A light source on one side of the fourth surface can be associated with a collimating optics. A light source with an optional collimator can be attached to the fourth surface by direct bonding or by spacing and attaching to a peripheral support attached to the fourth surface.

[0233] An optional internal peripheral masking layer (on face F4) may contain gaps so as not to obstruct the optical coupling, and in particular to allow light from the light source to pass to the light redirection element.

[0234] The frame layer (especially the opaque one) can cover the light redirection element (redirection film).

[0235] Injection / coupling is achieved via a light redirection element, particularly on the inner (third or fourth) side of a second sheet, especially a textured redirection film, such as a prism polymer film. The light source faces the fourth side, optionally off-center or even off-center from the redirection film. The redirection film is in direct contact with the second sheet, particularly the F3 side (placed thereon) or bonded thereto.

[0236] The redirecting (transparent) film may have a shape along the longitudinal direction of the assembled glass or a circular shape at the corner, for example, having a length of transparent glass area. The redirecting film may have a thickness of up to 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm, particularly at least 50 μm, 80 μm, or 100 μm.

[0237] The light source and light redirection element can be offset from the transparent glass area and face the inner masking layer. The redirection element (redirection film) and / or the light source are, for example, at most 100 mm and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm away from the transparent glass area.

[0238] Light passing through the redirection film (on the third surface) is redirected into the second glass sheet by reflection or even scattering. Light passing through the second glass sheet is redirected into the second glass sheet by refraction or even scattering using the redirection film on the fourth surface.

[0239] The redirecting optical film can be textured, or even prism-like, having a smooth (untextured, non-functional) main surface and a relatively textured, functional, flexible, and therefore curved surface adapted to the curvature of the mounting glass, forming a partially structured transparent plastic film, or a transparent (flat) plastic film, with a transparent layer on the main surface having an arrangement of (micro)prisms. The (micro)prisms are oriented toward either the third face (F3) or the second face (F2).

[0240] The (optical redirection) prism film can be on the side and even on the third surface (exposed or coated), or on the side and even on the fourth surface (exposed or coated). The prism film on the side and even the third surface can be reflective, and the reflective (micro)prism is oriented, for example, toward the second surface (F2).

[0241] The textured optical film can be bonded directly or via at least one adhesive layer (particularly thermoplastic) to the third surface, which is crosslinked or held by suction (strong interaction), particularly by pressure of the assembly. The textured optical film is placed on the third surface, and a suction effect exists after air is drawn out. Preferably, the optical isolation layer is not used to bond the redirection film to surface F3.

[0242] The material of the textured optical film (prism redirection film) can be the same as the material of the support of the optical isolation layer. The support of the optical isolation layer (in the form of a coating) can form all or part of the textured optical film, having textured regions that form the prism film, adjacent to the optical isolation layer, bonded or placed on the third surface (surface F3).

[0243] In summary, the assembled glass may include at least one optical film, which is located between the optical insulating layer and the third surface, or even in contact with the optical insulating layer, preferably bonded to the third surface via a lower adhesive layer of the laminated interlayer or via a local adhesive adhesion layer, and the optical film, particularly a polymer, is selected from:

[0244] - A membrane referred to as an extraction membrane, forming a means for extracting guided light in the second sheet or in a layer below the optical insulating layer (a partial extraction membrane forming on the third surface of the means for extracting guided light in the second sheet, or a more extended extraction membrane on the lower adhesive layer forming (other) means for extracting guided light in the lower adhesive layer, or even an optional blocking membrane),

[0245] - and / or a local redirection film, forming a device for redirecting light from a light source on or even off the side of the fourth surface of the second glass sheet.

[0246] The inner masking layer does not need to be sufficiently opaque to prevent stray light from being seen. An inner, peripherally opaque element, or even a replacement for the inner masking layer, may be needed between the second and third surfaces, particularly between the inner masking layer (which defines the transparent glass area) and the third surface. This is especially for internally masking light sources passing through holes in a second sheet (preferably internally fitted with glass) that forms a light guide, or on one side of the fourth surface.

[0247] The inner opaque element may be offset from, or reach, the transparent glass area, or even protrude slightly from the transparent glass area (from the inner masking layer) by up to 10 mm.

[0248] In the second injection configuration, an internal opaque element masks the injection area (hole, optional cap, light source, and even cover) or extends beyond the periphery of the hole or even the cap (or cover), at most 10 cm, 5 cm, or 3 cm from the hole and even beyond the cap (or cover) or, if necessary, at most 5 mm or 1 mm beyond, so as not to absorb useful light. Preferably, the internal opaque element is on the entire periphery of the hole and even the cap (or cover).

[0249] For the third injection configuration, the inner opaque element masks the light source (the light spot of the light source) on one side of the fourth surface (F4), or even masks the light redirection element (redirection optical film) facing the light source. This inner opaque element can extend from the inner edge of the light redirection element (redirection optical film) (towards the center of the mounting glass), or even from the outer edge of the light redirection element (towards the edge surface of the mounting glass), for example, extending up to 10 cm, 5 cm, or 3 cm, or up to 5 mm or 1 mm if necessary, so as not to absorb useful light.

[0250] In the first injection configuration, the inner opaque element can be used alternately to mask light leaving the first surface (preferably F1) in the peripheral area of ​​the inner masking layer. The inner opaque element extends from the injection edge surface by up to 10 cm, 5 cm, or 1 cm, particularly from 1 mm or 5 mm to 1 cm or 3 cm; it can be adjusted if necessary to avoid absorbing useful light.

[0251] An inner opaque element (especially black) that is the same or similar in color to the opaque inner masking layer (optional) is preferred.

[0252] The inner opaque element, preferably black and preferably located beneath the black inner masking layer, is selected from:

[0253] - Components within the interlayer (black, with black coating, metal parts, polymers, etc.)

[0254] - Or a membrane inserted within the interlayer, particularly a polymer (non-adhesive), especially a colored film ((thermoplastic) film that is opaque in its bulk or has an opaque layer, such as a support for (adjacent) optical insulating layers or a partially opaque insulating film within the interlayer).

[0255] - Or cross-linked polymer adhesive layer: the area of ​​the upper or lower adhesive layer (partially opaque or opaque throughout the perimeter) or frame layer (partially opaque or opaque throughout the perimeter) (excluding the transparent glass area).

[0256] - Or a thermoplastic adhesive layer, such as PVB (the area outside the transparent glass area of ​​the lower or upper adhesive layer is partially opaque or opaque over the entire perimeter).

[0257] - Coatings, particularly PVB-based coatings, and on PVB thermoplastic interlayers, for example, in areas outside the transparent glass region of the upper adhesive layer.

[0258] The internal opaque element can be spaced apart from the third surface, for example, on the optical isolation layer or on the lower adhesive layer (PVB, EVA, TPU), or on the third surface.

[0259] In the second configuration, the inner opaque element may extend upstream of the injection area (upstream of the hole) to the edge face of the mounting glass, or extend from the edge face by at least 1 cm or 5 mm.

[0260] In the third configuration, the inner opaque element may extend upstream of the injection area (from the outer edge of the light guiding element) to the edge surface, or extend at least 1 cm or 5 mm from the edge surface of the mounting glass.

[0261] Preferably, for the second and third configurations, if the inner opaque element is on the optical isolation layer, it can extend at the beginning of the injection region without absorbing useful light. The inner opaque element can be a localized opaque region of the optical isolation layer.

[0262] The inner opaque element can have the same shape as the cover, hole, and light source on side F4.

[0263] The inner opaque element can have the same shape as the hole, or it can have any other simple (geometric) shape: square, rectangle, ellipse, etc.

[0264] The surface of the inner opaque element is similar to, for example, the surface of the hole, or the surface of the (linear) light source on one side of surface F4, or even the surface of the light redirection element.

[0265] The inner opaque element can be longitudinally shaped, such as a strip, and can mask multiple holes (adjacent or on separate edges). The strip can mask multiple holes (adjacent or on separate edges) or multiple light sources, particularly linear light sources (second configuration). The inner opaque element can be one or more separate strips, particularly on either side of the transparent glass area, or particularly (at least partially) off the frame from the transparent glass area.

[0266] The inner opaque element may preferably have a light transmittance of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1%, or 0.5%, or even zero.

[0267] One example of opaque PVB containing black pigment is Vanceva Pure Black, sold by Saflex and named RB17830000. Products.

[0268] An example of an opaque layer is an adhesive layer containing molecular dyes dissolved in a cross-linked polymer material.

[0269] As already described, the mounting glass according to the invention may include a peripheral light source, particularly below the inner masking layer, optically coupled to a second sheet forming a light guide (only the second and third injection configurations), preferably the inner mounting glass, and the coupling region is preferably below the inner masking layer.

[0270] It may be necessary to absorb the light that leaves the fourth surface (e.g., F4) near the injection area and forms a luminous halo.

[0271] Therefore, the assembly glass according to the invention may include an opaque element called an anti-halation element at the edge of the light injection area, which contacts a third surface (on the third surface or on a thermoplastic or cross-linked adhesive layer), the opaque anti-halation element preferably having a width of up to 10 cm in the propagation area adjacent to the injection area, and / or another anti-halation element contacting a fourth surface and facing the edge of the injection area for injecting light into the light guide, preferably having a width of up to 10 cm.

[0272] Therefore, the opaque anti-halo element (and / or other anti-halo element) facing the guide area adjacent to the injection area can extend beyond at least 2 cm and from 5 mm, and more specifically:

[0273] - Start from a point less than 1 mm from the injection wall (defining the hole), especially extending from 2 or 5 mm from the injection wall and at most 10 cm or 5 cm from the injection wall.

[0274] -Start from a distance of less than 1 mm from the inner edge of the light redirection element (redirection film), especially from 2 or 5 mm from the inner edge and extending at most 10 cm or 5 cm from the inner edge.

[0275] The opaque anti-halo element (and / or other anti-halo element) preferably has a transmittance of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1%, or 0.5% or even zero.

[0276] The anti-halo element and / or the other anti-halo element are preferably black, and the inner masking layer is black.

[0277] Another opaque anti-halo element (preferably black with a black inner masking layer) is in contact with the fourth surface, for example, an opaque coating, such as enamel.

[0278] The opaque anti-halo element (and / or other opaque anti-halo elements) may have a longitudinal shape, such as a strip, and cover multiple edges of the injection area. This may be one or more strips on either side of the transparent glass area, or a frame offset from the transparent glass area.

[0279] Internal opaque elements and / or opaque anti-halo elements and / or other opaque anti-halo elements may also extend to the edge of the second sheet and even cover the edge surface of the second sheet (outside the coupling edge).

[0280] The opaque anti-halo element (and / or other opaque anti-halo elements) preferably has a transmittance of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1%, or 0.5% or even zero.

[0281] The opaque anti-halo element (and / or the other opaque anti-halo element) may have an annular area or annular portion above a portion of the periphery of the aperture (e.g., above 120° or 180°).

[0282] An opaque anti-halation element (preferably black) with a black inner masking layer contacts a third surface, which is selected from:

[0283] - Opaque (non-adhesive) colored film (thermoplastic) film, either entirely opaque or with an opaque layer, such as partially opaque insulating film used as a support or interlayer for (adjacent) optical insulating layers.

[0284] - Or cross-linked polymer adhesive layer: the area of ​​the lower adhesive layer (partially opaque or opaque throughout the perimeter) or frame layer (partially opaque or opaque throughout the perimeter) (excluding the transparent glass area),

[0285] - Or a thermoplastic adhesive layer, such as PVB (the area outside the transparent glass area of ​​the underlying adhesive layer is partially opaque or opaque throughout the perimeter),

[0286] - Coatings on the third side, particularly those based on PVB and coatings on PVB thermoplastic interlayers, such as those on the area outside the transparent glass region of the lower adhesive layer.

[0287] - The part below the interlayer (black, with black coating, metal parts, polymer, etc.).

[0288] Opaque anti-halo elements can be adhesive layers containing molecular dyes dissolved in cross-linked polymer materials.

[0289] Placing an opaque anti-halo element on the third surface and another opaque anti-halo element on the fourth surface is more effective and allows for a shorter distance because each of them absorbs half the light, one upwards and the other downwards, whereas if only one of them is placed, it will first absorb half the light and then absorb the other half once it is reflected.

[0290] Naturally, there can be elements that can block light leaving the fourth surface and block light leaving the first surface.

[0291] It may have an internal opaque element that extends sufficiently (and then contacts a third surface) to form the anti-halo element, for example, protruding from the hole (cap) of the light redirection element.

[0292] Advantageously, the inner opaque element and / or opaque anti-halo element on the third surface may have a refractive index n1 in the visible light range, such that:

[0293] -n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 and even at least 0.1 in the visible light range.

[0294] - The absolute deviation n′1-n1 is at most 0.04 and even at most 0.01 in the visible light range.

[0295] If n′1 < n1, there is gain in the extraction; if n′1 > n1, it is more effective for halos.

[0296] The element can be an opaque region (colored or colorless) of the optical isolation layer; then n′1 corresponds to n1.

[0297] Color is typically characterized by chromaticity coordinates, such as L*a*b. Black is usually associated with a luminance L* less than a specific value, preferably less than 5 or 10, depending on the scene. Preferably, the L* of the inner (or internal) masking layer and / or the opaque inner layer or anti-halo element (or other opaque anti-halo element) is less than 5.

[0298] The light extraction device (guided in the second sheet) may be contained in an optical film between the optical insulating layer and the third surface, preferably on the third or fourth surface (if it is a second internally assembled glass sheet).

[0299] Examples of films with reflective embossing are described in patent WO2013 / 167832, particularly plastic films with a refractive index greater than or equal to n0, which have reflective embossing (prisms) for light extraction formed on a third surface of the roof.

[0300] The reflective relief preferably has low roughness, so that the reflection is essentially mirror-like. The relief and roughness of the reflective interface are selected such that the total width at the midpoint of the angular distribution of the light intensity emitted by the system is preferably between 30° and 60°.

[0301] Regardless of the roughness of the reflective interface, the height or depth of the relief can be defined as equal to the distance between the highest and lowest points of the relief. The height of the reflective relief is 5 μm to 1 mm, preferably 10 μm to 500 μm, and particularly 20 to 100 μm.

[0302] Such polymer films with embossed textures are commercially available, and, for example, films sold by 3M can be mentioned. Image Directing Film II.

[0303] It is also possible to form embossed silica-based mineral or organic mineral coatings via a sol-gel approach.

[0304] The optical extraction film may contain multiple individual prisms, each consisting of an inclined surface and a surface substantially perpendicular to the total plane of the second sheet.

[0305] Examples of regular reliefs that can be mentioned are Fresnel lens type reliefs or Fresnel prism type reliefs.

[0306] The relief can be reflected by a low-refractive-index coating having a refractive index at least 0.0, preferably at least 0.1, lower than the refractive index n0 of the second glass sheet or the refractive index of the optical film with the relief. The relief can be reflected by this optical insulating layer. The recesses of the relief can be filled with porous silica in other ways.

[0307] The extraction device can also be an embossed coating, such as a silica layer with embossing (as described above).

[0308] Alternatively or cumulatively, the means for extracting guided light from the second sheet may be included in a scattering layer on the third and / or fourth surfaces. This scattering layer contains scattering elements in a matrix (transparent and uniformly scattering), particularly defining at least one first scattering region, for example having a width of at least 0.5 mm, and particularly a first solid scattering region and / or containing a set of discontinuous patterns.

[0309] The device for extracting guided light from the second sheet can also be a frosted area (third or fourth surface) of the second sheet, or a scattering coating applied to the third or fourth surface, or to the surface of the laminated interlayer that contacts the third surface. This light extraction device can be, for example, a textured, roughened, frosted area of ​​the second sheet (third or fourth surface). It can also be a region etched into the thickness of the second sheet, or a scattering element, such as particles or glass fibers, mixed in the interlayer.

[0310] In organic or inorganic adhesives, the scattering particles can have a micron-scale size, thereby allowing these particles to adhere to the surface of a second sheet or interlayer. The particles can be made of metal or metal oxide.

[0311] The light source is preferably a group of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on a printed circuit support, such as a PCB (printed circuit board), for example, a flexible one, particularly a straight or curved strip, or a light source comprising an extraction optical fiber coupled to the main light source (LEDs, etc.). Preferably, the diode is a component surface-mounted on the front side of a printed circuit board, known as a PCB board (with conductive traces). Likewise, the diode, for example, has Lambertian or quasi-Lambertian emission. The width (or length) of the diode having a single semiconductor chip (typically a square diode) is preferably at most 5 mm. The width of the PCB board (preferably in strip form) is preferably at most 5 cm, more preferably at most 2 cm, and even at most 1 cm.

[0312] The extraction device on one side of the third surface can be completely opaque or remain transparent. On the fourth surface, the extraction device has a non-zero transmittance.

[0313] It may have one or more light sources (peripherally, preferably offset from the transparent glass area) and several sets of diodes. The light source is elongated, linear over at least 10 cm, and / or more locally focused, particularly within one or more separate holes in the second sheet. One or more (identical or different) light sources may be used, such as electric light sources and / or constituted by light-emitting devices (LEDs, etc.). The one or more light sources may be monochromatic (emitting in the blue, green, red, etc.) or multicolor, or may be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light; they may be continuous or discontinuous, etc.

[0314] The light source can extend linearly along one side (longitudinal edge) of the assembled glass (similar to a rectangular strip of a diode array) or be replicated along both sides (using similar or different light, such as other colors and intensities, controlled independently or simultaneously).

[0315] The present invention also relates to a motor vehicle incorporating the previously defined luminescent mounting glass.

[0316] When installed in a motor vehicle, in the case of a laminated roof, the fourth surface is an interior surface of the motor vehicle, commonly referred to as surface F4. The roof can be open or fixed.

[0317] The first sheet can be an outer sheet, the glass being fitted from the roof, windshield, or side window, or the first sheet can be an inner sheet, the glass being fitted from the windshield, side window, rear window, or rear door.

[0318] This assembly refers to the stacking of different components.

[0319] Lamination includes the operation of allowing the laminated interlayer to be placed in adhesive contact with the second and third surfaces. If the interlayer is an adhesive, adhesive contact is simply achieved by placing it in contact with the second and third surfaces.

[0320] If the interlayer is a composite material (e.g., two types of cross-linked polymer adhesives or a cross-linked polymer adhesive and a thermoplastic adhesive), the lamination operation can be performed in two steps: 1) bonding the optical insulating layer to the second surface at a certain temperature and / or pressure, and 2) bonding the upper adhesive layer to the third surface at a different temperature and / or pressure than step 1) (or steps 1 and 2) in reverse).

[0321] Preferably, the lamination includes at least degassing / placing the assembled components (which are already in adhesive or non-adhesive contact) under vacuum to prevent bubbling, and applying pressure to the assembled components.

[0322] After assembly, the lamination may thus include, for example, degassing (oven, etc.) and high-pressure treatment (positive pressure). The lamination may include a (photo)crosslinking step of the adhesive layer, which may optionally have been partially photocrosslinked prior to assembly, for example by means of a UVA light source.

[0323] The autoclave circulation can be carried out at ambient temperature, at a temperature range of 30-50°C, and at a pressure range of 2-5 bar for up to 1 hour, and especially for at least 15 minutes.

[0324] The lamination of thermoplastic layers such as PVB involves placing the layer under vacuum and heating and pressurizing it, and the lamination steps result in the adhesive contact between the layer and the adjacent glass.

[0325] To form an optical insulating layer, the manufacture of the laminated glass according to the present invention may include:

[0326] - A crosslinkable adhesive is deposited on the third surface using a liquid process before lamination (either before assembly or by filling the cavity between the second and third surfaces).

[0327] Thermocrosslinkable adhesives can be used, which crosslink due to the temperature applied during the lamination process of the stacked glass assembly.

[0328] If a crosslinkable adhesive (a two-component adhesive that can be crosslinked via UV or subsequently via chemical reaction) is deposited on a surface, a pre-crosslinking step (UV or chemical reaction promotion) is advantageous to allow the adhesive to gel. A vacuum is then created to remove trapped air and complete the crosslinking process for a good bond.

[0329] A method for manufacturing the light-emitting laminated assembly glass as described above may include:

[0330] - Assemble a first glass sheet, the laminated interlayer comprising at least the optical insulating layer and the second glass sheet, the method particularly comprising depositing the optical insulating layer on the second and / or first glass sheet prior to assembly and preferably photocrosslinking it.

[0331] A method for manufacturing the light-emitting laminated assembly glass as described above may include:

[0332] - Before assembly, a first glass sheet, a laminated interlayer comprising at least one film, and a second glass sheet are assembled, and in particular an optical insulating layer, which is a PSA film or a so-called post-bonding film made of a partially photocrosslinkable polymeric material (and undergoes continuous crosslinking preferably under UVA after assembly).

[0333] -Lamination, including degassing, especially drying, and positive pressurization, especially high-pressure treatment.

[0334] Other details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the examples shown in the following figures.

[0335] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass according to the invention, with peripheral light injection, is shown in a first embodiment. Figure 1 'shown Figure 1 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0336] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the luminescent laminated vehicle assembly glass in a second embodiment, with peripheral light injection, is shown.

[0337] Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated motor vehicle assembly glass installed on the roof of a vehicle.

[0338] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass with peripheral light injection in a third embodiment is shown.

[0339] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in the fourth embodiment, with peripheral light injection, is shown. Figure 4 'shown Figure 4 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0340] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass according to a fifth embodiment with peripheral light injection is shown.

[0341] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass with peripheral light injection in a sixth embodiment is shown.

[0342] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in the seventh embodiment, with peripheral light injection, is shown.

[0343] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a first embodiment, wherein light is injected via the inner glass wall, is shown. Figure 8 'shown Figure 8 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0344] Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a second embodiment, wherein light is injected via the inner glass wall, is shown.

[0345] Figure 10 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a third embodiment, wherein light is injected via the inner glass wall, is shown. Figure 10 'shown Figure 10 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0346] Figure 11 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in the fourth embodiment, wherein light is injected via the inner glass wall, is shown.

[0347] Figure 12 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a fifth embodiment, wherein light is injected via the inner glass wall, is shown.

[0348] Figure 13 A schematic cross-sectional view is shown of a sixth embodiment of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in which light is injected via the inner glass wall.

[0349] Figure 14 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a first embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown. Figure 14 'shown Figure 14 A schematic front view of the assembled glass. Figure 15 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a second embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown. Figure 15' Showing Figure 15 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0350] Figure 16 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a third embodiment, wherein light is injected through the glass, is shown.

[0351] Figure 17 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a fourth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0352] Figure 18 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a fifth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0353] Figure 19 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a sixth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0354] Figure 20 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in a seventh embodiment, wherein light is injected through the glass, is shown.

[0355] Figure 21 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass in an eighth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0356] For clarity, it should be noted that the various components of the displayed object are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0357] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view (here, transverse) of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle assembly glass according to the invention, in a first embodiment with peripheral lighting, is shown.

[0358] Figure 1 'shown Figure 1 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0359] Here, it relates to a laminated assembled glass 100, which is, in this case, a car roof, rectangular (or quadrilateral) and curved, comprising:

[0360] - A first glass sheet 1, here forming an outer sheet, for example rectangular (e.g., 300 × 300 mm in size), having a transparent or colored composition (glass VG10 or TSA sold by Saint-Gobain Glass) for daylight control, for example having a thickness equal to 2.1 mm, having a first main surface 11 corresponding to face F1, a second main surface 12 on the inner side called F2, optionally coated with an insulating coating 16' (if it is transparent glass) for daylight control or heating, etc., and edge surfaces (longitudinal edge surfaces 10 and 10').

[0361] - A laminated interlayer 3 has an edge surface 30, which in this case is longitudinal, optionally offset (i.e. recessed) from the longitudinal edge surfaces 10, 10' toward the center of the glass.

[0362] - A second glass sheet 2, having the same dimensions as glass 1, forms the inner mounting glass on one side of the passenger compartment. It is made of mineral glass and has a third main surface 13 corresponding to surface F3 and a fourth main surface 14 as surface F4, as well as edge surfaces (longitudinal edge surfaces 21 and 22) - for example, a soda-lime-silica glass sheet with a thickness of, for example, 2.1 mm (ultra-transparent glass, such as Diamant glass sold by Saint-Gobain Glass, a glass with a refractive index n0 of about 1.52 at 550 nm, or 1.95 mm Optiwhite glass, optionally having an ITO stack 15 (low-emissivity function) on surfaces 14-F4.

[0363] The second surface 12 includes an inner masking layer 7, which forms a masking frame of black porcelain enamel, defining the transparent glass area 16 (daylight), which in this case is rectangular (see [link]). Figure 1 ').

[0364] Light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 of the second glass sheet 2. These are front-mounted light-emitting diodes. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on the PCB support 5, for example, a parallelepiped strip. The PCB support 5 is attached to the edge of this surface, for example, by adhesive 7 (or double-sided adhesive).

[0365] Alternatively, the light source can be one or more master light sources (diodes, etc.) directly coupled to the light guide along the coupling edge surface, such as an extraction fiber with a light output area.

[0366] The luminescent assembly glass 100 may have multiple extraction areas 6 for guiding light in the second sheet, particularly having a given geometry (rectangular, square, circular, etc.). For example, it may be a scattering layer 6 screen-printed on the third surface and even alternately or cumulatively on the fourth surface, preferably in the transparent glass region 16. Alternatively, it may be a locally placed or bonded extraction film (with embossing or having a scattering layer or scattering in the body) on the third or fourth surface.

[0367] For example, the distance between the extraction region 6 and the diode is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, below the optical isolation layer, the extraction region occupies 10% to 100% of the transparent glass area.

[0368] Multiple series of diodes 4 can be provided (one-edge, two-edge, three-edge, or all around the perimeter, independently controllable, and even with different colors). White or colored LEDs can be selected for ambient lighting, reading, etc., red light can be selected for communication, and can be alternated with green light. The diode carrier 5 can be adhered to the edge surface 21.

[0369] The light (after being refracted on edge surface 21) propagates through total internal reflection (at surface F3 and on surface F4) in the second sheet 2 that constitutes the light guide.

[0370] The laminated interlayer is an optical insulating layer, which is a cross-linked polymer having a refractive index n1 such that n0-n1 is at least 0.04 and even 0.1, and the thickness is preferably at least 300 μm and even 600 μm. The laminated interlayer extends, for example, to the edges of glass 1, 2. For example, the optical insulating layer and even the laminated assembled glass have a haze of at most 1%.

[0371] If needed, the optical isolation layer 3 can be colored while remaining transparent in the transparent glass area.

[0372] To block light leaving the first surface (F1) as much as possible, an inner opaque element 80 is placed in the interlayer 3, such as the black portion 80 below the inner masking layer 7. This portion is a rectangular strip along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 (see...). Figure 1Its length is greater than or equal to that of the diode array. This part may protrude beyond the edge of the mounting glass, for example, it may be part of the support 5.

[0373] In the first embodiment, the optical insulating layer is a cross-linked PSA film.

[0374] As a silicone-based low-refractive-index PSA film, a product from Taica called Opt Alpha Gel (n1 = 1.41), for example, is 1 mm thick. Pressure is applied by rollers and then placed in an autoclave.

[0375] In the first variant, this can be achieved by depositing a photocrosslinkable adhesive on one of surfaces F2 or F3 (or by filling the cavity between F2 and F3) and performing UVA photocrosslinking.

[0376] In the second variant, a partially photocrosslinkable film, such as one based on acrylate, is used, and the glass is assembled together. The photocrosslinking is terminated by UVA.

[0377] Instead of ultra-transparent glass, acrylic glass, such as PC, can be used, and it is preferable to subsequently temper the first glass sheet.

[0378] For example, the roof 100 can form a fixed illuminated panoramic roof 100' for motor vehicles such as cars, as... Figure 2 As shown, it is externally mounted on the body 8' via adhesive 61'. Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated motor vehicle assembly glass installed on the roof of a vehicle.

[0379] The luminescent laminate 100 can alternatively form a front or rear windshield with internal signaling (optionally by eliminating or adjusting the encapsulation). A scattering layer forms, for example, a collision warning signal, particularly a strip along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, the light turns on (red) when a vehicle in front is too close.

[0380] The luminescent laminated glass 100 can alternatively form a front or rear triangular window or windshield with external luminescent signaling (optionally through elimination or adjustment of the encapsulation). The scattering layer 6 forms, for example, a turn signal indicator or a logo. In the latter case, the second glass sheet 2 is the outer mounting glass (the fourth side is face F1, the third side is face F2), and the first glass sheet is the (colored or colorless) inner mounting glass.

[0381] Furthermore, if necessary, a so-called frame layer surrounds the periphery of the optical isolation layer, preferably in contact with the optical isolation layer and even optionally in adhesive contact with the third and even the second surface, using a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer, particularly the frame layer being offset from the transparent glass region.

[0382] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 200 in a second embodiment, with peripheral light injection, is shown.

[0383] The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the side-emitting diodes 4 are housed in a recess (peripheral notch) in the edge surface 21. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on the PCB 5 substrate, for example, as parallelepiped strips, preferably as opaque as possible, and their emitting surfaces are parallel to the PCB substrate and face the edge surface 21 in the recessed edge surface portion. The PCB substrate is attached to the edge surface 121 of surface F212, for example, by adhesive 5' (or double-sided adhesive), and here joined in the recess between surfaces F2 and F3, which is achieved by sufficiently removing the edge surface 30 of the interlayer 3. The peripheral masking strip 7, made of (black) opaque enamel, can mask the PCB carrier 5 and even the emitted light in that area.

[0384] The distance between the diode and the edge surface 10 is minimized, for example, 1 to 2 mm. This protects the space between each chip and the optical coupling edge surface 10 from any contamination: water, chemicals, etc., whether during long-term use of the light-emitting assembly glass 100 or during the manufacturing process.

[0385] The light-emitting mounting glass 200 further features a polymer package 8, made of, for example, black polyurethane, particularly PU-RIM (reacted in a mold). It is double-sided at the edges of the mounting glass. This package ensures long-term sealing (against water, cleaning products, etc.). The package also provides an aesthetically pleasing finish and allows for the integration of other components or functions (reinforcing inserts, etc.). As described in documents WO2011092419 or WO2013017790, the polymer package may have a through-recessed recess enclosed by a removable cover to house or replace the diode.

[0386] In addition, the internal masking element is an opaque PSA film that is in adhesive contact with the second surface 12.

[0387] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 300 with peripheral light injection in a third embodiment is shown.

[0388] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies primarily in that the optical isolation layer 31 is a coating of at least 1 μm, 10 μm, or 100 μm on a polymer support 32, particularly a non-adhesive thermoplastic, especially PET, preferably at least 30 μm or 50 μm, and the other main surface of the support contains another cross-linked polymer adhesive layer 33, which may be the same as or different (may have any refractive index) from the optical isolation layer of the polymer layer that contacts the second surface or, in a variant, the laminated interlayer, particularly the upper thermoplastic and adhesive layer (such as PVB, EVA, TPU).

[0389] Furthermore, a so-called frame layer 90 surrounds the periphery of the optical isolation layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer in contact with the optical isolation layer, and is bonded to the third and second surfaces. This frame layer is offset from the transparent glass region 16. This frame layer 90, or sealing joint, forms a protective layer for the optical isolation layer. The frame layer 90 has an opaque area 81 (black) as a reinforcement to shield light exiting towards surface F1.

[0390] For example, the inner peripheral shielding layer 7' on the fourth surface 14 is particularly the same width as or narrower than the inner shielding layer 7.

[0391] Furthermore, the diode carrier 5 is L-shaped, with a portion facing the fourth surface. For example, the inner mounting glass is smaller than the outer mounting glass, so the diode is positioned below the protruding portion of the second surface 121. This diode is a side-emitting diode.

[0392] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 400 with peripheral light injection in a fourth embodiment is shown. Figure 4 'shown Figure 4 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0393] The difference between this implementation scheme and the first implementation scheme is that a second diode module 4', 5' is added along the opposite longitudinal edge 22.

[0394] Furthermore, the optical isolation layer (colored or colorless) is locally opaque (black), taking the form of two black stripes 82 along the coupling edges 21, 22, offset from the transparent glass region 16 (below the inner masking layer 16). For this purpose, a molecular dye agent can be added to the cross-linked polymer material.

[0395] As a variant, the opaque area forms an opaque frame around the perimeter.

[0396] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 500 with peripheral light injection in a fifth embodiment is shown.

[0397] The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is primarily that the laminated interlayer includes an upper adhesive layer 91 between the second surface 12 and the optical isolation layer 31, such as a thermoplastic, like a PVB (preferably containing a plasticizer) or an OCA film (having any refractive index, particularly a refractive index greater than n1) with a thickness of about 0.4 mm, and the upper adhesive layer 91 is colored or colorless.

[0398] The opaque area 83 of the optical isolation layer forms a peripheral opaque frame.

[0399] The optical isolation layer 31 can be a film, a coating on a polymer support, or a coating on the third surface 13.

[0400] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 600 with peripheral light injection in a sixth embodiment is shown.

[0401] The difference between this implementation and the fifth implementation is that the inner opaque element 84 (masking reinforcement) is the peripheral area of ​​the upper adhesive layer 91 (two separate strips or frames), rather than the opaque area of ​​the optical isolation layer.

[0402] The first glass sheet 1 can remain colored (VG1 0, etc.) or colorless.

[0403] This area 84 can be an opaque material (black) different from the upper adhesive layer 91. In one variation, it can be a PVB-based opaque layer on the upper adhesive layer 91 (any main surface of layer 91).

[0404] For example, diodes 4 and 4' on PCB supports 5 and 5' are side-emitting diodes.

[0405] The optical isolation layer 31 can be a film on the polymer support or a coating on the third surface 13.

[0406] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 700 with peripheral light injection in the seventh embodiment is shown.

[0407] The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment lies primarily in that the laminated interlayer between the third surface 13 and the optical insulating layer 31 includes a lower adhesive layer 91, such as a thermoplastic, like PVB (preferably containing a plasticizer) or OCA (any refractive index, particularly greater than n1) with a thickness of approximately 0.4 mm, and a colorless lower adhesive layer 92. This lower adhesive layer 92 is, for example, made of the same material as the upper adhesive layer 91 and / or has the same thickness. The upper adhesive layer 91 can be eliminated.

[0408] If the second sheet 2 is made of plexiglass (e.g., PC), TPU is preferably used for the lower adhesive layer 92, and the first sheet 1 is preferably made of colored or colorless (heat-tempered) tempered glass. The upper adhesive layer 91 can be eliminated. Furthermore, an optical extraction film 60 for extracting light guided in the lower adhesive layer 92 is inserted between the optical insulating layer 31 (film, etc.) and the lower adhesive layer 92. This film is particularly a polymer film with a thickness of 100 to 300 μm, which contains a scattering region 6' on any of its main surfaces. Here, the lower adhesive layer 92 is also present on the periphery of the optical extraction film 60 (e.g., through creep during the process or method).

[0409] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 101 in a first embodiment, showing light injected via the inner glass wall, is shown. Figure 8 'shown Figure 8 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0410] The difference between this implementation scheme and the first implementation scheme 100 lies in the injection of light and the position of the light source 4.

[0411] The diode 4 on the support 5 is located in a circular through-hole 18 (offset from the transparent glass region 16) in the second glass sheet, which is defined by the inner wall 17 and closed by a cover 50 (such as a metal sheet or any other optical shutter) on one side of the third surface 13. The diode carrier 5 is formed by an adhesive 61 bonded to the fourth surface 14.

[0412] The opaque element 80 (which is a black disk) used to mask the holes, caps and diodes is in the laminated interlayer below the inner masking layer 7.

[0413] The device is replicated by adding another diode 4 to a circular through-hole (offset from the transparent glass area 16) that is closed by another cover 50' and concealed by another opaque element 80' (which is a black disk) to conceal the hole, the diode, and the diode.

[0414] Here, the hole is on the side of the front edge of the roof 20.

[0415] The shielding layer 7 is typically wider at the front than at the rear 20'.

[0416] Figure 9 A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 201 in a second embodiment, showing light injected via the inner glass wall, is shown.

[0417] The difference between this embodiment 201 and the aforementioned first embodiment 101 is primarily that the optical isolation layer 31 is a coating of at least 1 μm, 10 μm, or 100 μm on a polymer support 32, particularly a thermoplastic (e.g., PET), preferably at least 30 μm or 50 μm, and that another main surface of the support includes another cross-linked polymer adhesive layer 33, which may be the same as or different from the optical isolation layer (which may have any refractive index) that contacts the second surface 12 or, in a variant, the polymer layer, particularly the upper thermoplastic and adhesive layer (e.g., PVB, EVA, TPU) of the laminated interlayer.

[0418] Furthermore, a so-called frame layer 90 surrounds the periphery of optical isolating layers 31 and 32, 33. The frame layer 90 is preferably a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer in contact with the optical isolating layers, which are bonded to the third and second surfaces. This frame layer is offset from the transparent glass region 16. This frame layer 90, or sealing joint, forms protection for the optical isolating layers. The frame layer 90 has an opaque region 81' (black) as a reinforcement to shield light departing toward the first surface (F1), and also has an anti-halo region for light departing toward the fourth surface (F4) because the opaque region protrudes 5 cm from the wall 17 at the injection edge.

[0419] Figure 10 A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 301 in the third embodiment, showing light injected via the inner glass wall, is shown. Figure 10 'shown Figure 10 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0420] The difference between this third embodiment and the aforementioned embodiment 201 is primarily that two additional diode modules 4' and 5' are added to the two rear holes 17' near the rear edge 20' of the mounting glass (especially the roof).

[0421] A first opaque element 82' in the form of a horizontal black stripe is used to mask the two front and anti-halo holes. The stripe protrudes 5 cm from the wall 17 of the two front holes near the front horizontal edge 20.

[0422] It can exist in various shapes of inner side and anti-halo elements.

[0423] For example, a second opaque element 820 in the form of a black rectangle around the perimeter is used to mask the rear and anti-halo hole. The rectangle protrudes 5 cm from the wall of the first rear hole and is therefore present in the injection edge.

[0424] A third opaque element 85' in the form of a black disc is used to mask the second rear and anti-halo hole. The black disc protrudes 5 cm from the wall of the second rear hole and is therefore present in the injection edge.

[0425] Each of the first, second, and third opaque elements is an opaque area of ​​the optical isolation layer. Alternatively, the opaque area forming the inner side of the optical isolation layer and / or the anti-halo mask is two separate opaque peripheral strips or even an opaque frame that can reach the edge surface of the second sheet and even cover all or part of that edge surface.

[0426] The extracted pattern 6 is, for example, several shapes that form or do not form symbols, such as pictographs used for internal communication in the case of windshields or side windows (or roofs).

[0427] Figure 11 A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 401 in the fourth embodiment, showing light injected via the inner glass wall, is shown.

[0428] The fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment 301 primarily in that no additional diode modules are required. The laminated interlayer includes an upper adhesive layer 91 between the second surface 12 and the optical isolation layer 31, such as a thermoplastic, like PVB (preferably containing a plasticizer) or OCA (having any refractive index, particularly greater than n1) with a thickness of approximately 0.4 mm, which may be colored or colorless.

[0429] The opaque inner side of the optical isolation layer and the anti-halo area 83' (strip, disc, or rectangle, etc.) are in adhesive contact with the upper layer and with the cover and the third surface 13.

[0430] In one variation, a different material is chosen for the opaque area.

[0431] Figure 12 A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 501 in the fifth embodiment, showing light injected via the inner glass wall, is displayed.

[0432] The difference between this implementation scheme and the fourth implementation scheme 401 is primarily that the upper adhesive layer 91 includes an opaque peripheral area for masking the hole 84'.

[0433] The fourth surface 14 includes an internal masking layer 7', such as black porcelain enamel, which forms an anti-halo zone 89 within 5 cm of the injection edge. Optional removal of ITO-based layers.

[0434] Add another light extraction element 6' to face 14.

[0435] Figure 13A schematic cross-sectional view of the side of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 601 in the sixth embodiment, wherein light is injected via the inner glass wall, is shown.

[0436] The difference between this implementation scheme and the third implementation scheme 301 is that the fourth surface 14 includes an internal masking layer 7', for example, a black porcelain glaze within 5 cm of the injection edge as an anti-halo zone 89, 89'.

[0437] The optical isolation layer 31 is a locally colored 84' to form a masking element for the front and rear apertures.

[0438] In order to add an extraction zone, a light extraction film 60 has been inserted between the optical isolation layer 31 and the third surface 13.

[0439] An optical extraction film 60, particularly a polymer film, is used to extract light guided in the lower adhesive layer 92 and has a thickness of 50 or 100 to 300 μm, comprising different regions 6' on any main surface. Similar to the lower adhesive layer, an adhesive frame layer 92' is also present here on the periphery of, for example, a PVB-based optical extraction film 60.

[0440] Figure 14 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 102 in a first embodiment, showing light injected through the second glass sheet 2 (here, the inner sheet), is shown.

[0441] The difference between this implementation scheme and the first implementation scheme 100 lies in the injection of light and the position of the light source 4.

[0442] The diode 4 (here, the front light-emitting diode) on the support 5 is opposite (or offset) to the fourth main surface 14F4 and is optically coupled to the second sheet 2 on the side of the third main surface (or fourth main surface) facing the inner masking layer 7 via a light redirection element for local guidance (such as the redirection optical film 9).

[0443] For example, it is a polymer prism film having a prism 93 and a flat portion 94, the flat portion being bonded or attached to a third surface by suction, and having a thickness of 100 to 300 μm, covered by an optical isolation layer 31. This film can form longitudinal stripes, for example, along the longitudinal edge of a vehicle roof, such as a linear light source 4.

[0444] The prism reflective film is preferably placed on the F3 side, thus having a reflective layer conformally deposited on the prism. Transparent prism films are alternately placed on the F4 side.

[0445] If necessary, the opaque masking element 85 is located in the interlayer 3 below the inner masking layer 7. It forms a longitudinal strip 85 facing the polymer prism film.

[0446] Figure 15 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 202 in a second embodiment, showing light injected through glass 2, is shown. Figure 15' Showing Figure 15 A schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0447] This implementation differs from the first implementation 102 in that another light source 4' has been added to its PCB carrier 5', and another redirecting film (prism reflector) 9' has been added along another longitudinal edge 10'. If necessary, a masking layer 7' is added to surface F4.

[0448] The difference between this implementation scheme and the first implementation scheme 102 is that the local and peripheral areas 86 of the optical isolation layer 31 along each longitudinal edge are opaque (black), which are used to mask each light source 4, 4' and serve as an anti-halo element protruding 5 cm from the inner edge of the redirection film (prism reflector) 9, 9'.

[0449] In the following implementation schemes, the optical devices are not necessarily repeated.

[0450] Figure 16 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 302 in a third embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0451] The difference between this embodiment 302 and the last embodiment 202 is that the optical isolation layer 31 is framed by a peripheral sealing layer 90 having an opaque masking area 87, and optionally a portion 87' of the optical isolation layer is opaque (black) and forms an anti-halo element protruding 5 cm from the inner edge of the redirection film 9.

[0452] Figure 17 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 402 in the fourth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0453] The difference between this implementation and the first implementation 202 is primarily that, if necessary, the ITO-based layer has a gap 15' consistent with the light source 4. An upper adhesive layer 91, for example based on PVB, has been added, with an opaque PVB-based coating 87' for masking.

[0454] Figure 18 A schematic cross-sectional view of the luminescent laminated vehicle assembly glass 502 in a fifth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0455] The difference between this implementation scheme and the aforementioned implementation scheme 402 is primarily that the ITO-based layer 15 does not have the same gap as the light source 4. The optical isolation layer 31 has a partially opaque region 87' for masking and anti-halo purposes, which protrudes 5 cm from the inner edge of the redirection film 9.

[0456] Figure 19 A schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated vehicle assembly glass 602 in the sixth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0457] The difference between this implementation scheme and the aforementioned implementation scheme 502 is primarily that the optical isolator layer locally has an opaque area 88' protruding 5 cm from the inner edge of the redirection film 9, serving solely as an anti-halo element. The upper adhesive layer 91 locally has an opaque area 89 for masking.

[0458] Figure 20 A schematic cross-sectional view of the luminescent laminated vehicle assembly glass 702 in the seventh embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0459] The difference between this implementation scheme and the aforementioned fourth implementation scheme 402 lies in the addition of two points below the optical isolation layer 31:

[0460] - An extraction membrane 60 having a scattering layer 6' (as already described)

[0461] -Inner adhesive layer 92, such as PVB (or TPU, if sheet 2 is made of PC).

[0462] The fourth surface 14 has a black anti-halo layer 89 protruding 5 cm from the inner edge of the redirection film 9, which is a region of the inner masking layer 7' with a gap 70' consistent with the diode 4.

[0463] An inner anti-halo element protruding 5cm from the inner edge of the redirection film 9 can be added to the third surface.

[0464] Figure 21 A schematic cross-sectional view of the luminescent laminated vehicle assembly glass 802 in the eighth embodiment, showing light injected through the glass, is shown.

[0465] The difference between this embodiment 802 and the fifth embodiment 502 is primarily that the ITO-based layer has a gap consistent with the light source 4, and the fourth surface 14 has a black anti-halo layer 89 protruding 5 cm from the inner edge of the redirection film 9. This opaque inner masking layer 89' is a sealed framework surrounding the upper adhesive layer 91 and the optical isolation layer 31 (which optionally forms an anti-halo area 88' of which is localized black) and even the upper adhesive layer 91.

Claims

1. Illuminated mounting glass for vehicles, comprising: - Laminated glass assembly, including: - A first sheet (1) made of mineral glass or plexiglass, having a first main surface (11) and a second main surface (12). - A second sheet (2) made of mineral glass or plexiglass, having a third main surface (13) and a fourth main surface (14), said third main surface being exposed or coated, the second sheet having a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 in the visible light range. - A polymer laminate interlayer (3) in adhesive contact with the third main surface and the second main surface, wherein the second main surface is exposed or coated. - Between the second and third main surfaces, an optical insulating layer (31) optically isolates the second sheet from the first sheet, having a refractive index n1 in the visible light range, and n0-n1 being at least 0.04 in the visible light range, said optical insulating layer having a thickness of at least 500 nm. The optical isolation layer is characterized by being an adhesive layer made of a cross-linked polymer material, forming all or part of the laminated interlayer.

2. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The second sheet has a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm. Between the second main surface and the third main surface, there is an optical isolation layer (31) that optically isolates the second sheet from the first sheet, has a refractive index n1 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm, and n0-n1 is at least 0.04 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm.

3. The light-emitting glazing pane for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sheet has a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 at 550 nm. Between the second and third main surfaces, there is an optical isolation layer (31) that optically isolates the second sheet from the first sheet, has a refractive index n1 at 550 nm, and n0-n1 is at least 0.04 at 550 nm.

4. The light-emitting glazing pane for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that The laminated glass is curved.

5. The light-emitting glazing pane for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes a device (6) for extracting light guided in the second sheet.

6. The light-emitting glazing pane for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that The laminated interlayer includes an optical insulating layer and at least one of an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer.

7. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that The optical isolation layer and / or upper or lower adhesive layer of the laminated interlayer are made of a cross-linked polymer material, and the cross-linked polymer material is selected from at least one polymer based on: polyacrylate, polysiloxane, epoxy polymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester.

8. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that The polyacrylate includes polyurethane acrylate, fluorinated polyurethane acrylate, or fluorosilicone acrylate.

9. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that Polysiloxanes include polydimethylsiloxane.

10. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that The crosslinked polymer material of the optical isolation layer is selected from acrylate-based polymers.

11. The light-emitting glazing pane for vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that The crosslinked polymer material of the optical isolation layer is selected from polyurethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or silicone-based materials, and the polymer further has fluorinated functional groups.

12. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that... At least one optical film (60) is located between the optical isolation layer and the third main surface, and the optical film is a film called an extraction film, forming a means for extracting light guided in the second sheet or in a layer below the optical isolation layer.

13. The light-emitting glazing pane for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that At least one optical film (60) is a local redirection film, formed on or off the side of the fourth main surface of the assembly glass for redirecting light from the light source (4) in the second sheet.

14. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that At least one optical film (60) contacts the optical isolation layer.

15. The light-emitting glazing pane for a vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that The optical film is made of polymer.

16. The light emitting glazing for vehicles according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that The optical isolation layer is a coating on a polymer support (32), and the other main surface of the support optionally includes a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (33) that contacts the second main surface or the upper adhesive layer of the interlayer.

17. The lighted glazing for a vehicle of claim 16, wherein The optical isolation layer is bonded to the third main surface.

18. The lighted glazing for a vehicle of claim 16, wherein The polymer support (32) is a thermoplastic and has a thickness of at least 30 µm.

19. The lighted glazing for a vehicle of claim 16, wherein The upper adhesive layer of the laminated interlayer is made of thermoplastic.

20. The light emitting glazing for vehicles according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that The optical insulating layer is a film based on a cross-linked polymer, selected from: - Pressure-sensitive film, and / or - A polymer post-adhesive film that is partially photocrosslinked before assembly and photocrosslinked after assembly.

21. The lighted glazing for a vehicle of claim 20, wherein The optical isolation layer is bonded to the third main surface.

22. The lighted glazing for a vehicle of claim 20, wherein The optical isolation layer is bonded to the upper or lower adhesive layer of the laminated interlayer.

23. The lighted glazing for a vehicle of claim 20, wherein The cross-linked polymer-based membrane has a thickness of at least 30 µm.

24. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 20, characterized in that... The pressure-sensitive film is in adhesive contact with the third main surface and is selected from acrylates or silicone-based polymers.

25. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 24, characterized in that... The acrylates include polyurethane acrylates and fluorinated polyurethane acrylates.

26. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 20, characterized in that... The adhesive film is a polymer that is partially photocrosslinked before assembly and photocrosslinked after assembly. It is based on an acrylate polymer.

27. The light-emitting mounting glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that... The frame layer surrounds the periphery of the optical isolation layer.

28. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 27, characterized in that... The frame layer is a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer that comes into contact with the optical isolation layer.

29. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 27, characterized in that... The frame layer is a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer that is in contact with the third master surface.

30. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 27, characterized in that... The frame layer is a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer that is in contact with the second main surface.

31. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 27, characterized in that, The frame layer is the frame layer that is offset from the transparent glass area.

32. The light-emitting mounting glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that... It includes opaque peripheral elements between the second and third main surfaces.

33. The light-emitting mounting glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that... It includes an opaque peripheral element between the inner masking layer (7) formed on the second main surface and the third main surface, forming an inner masking of the light injection area via a hole in the second sheet forming the light guide, or an inner masking of the light source on the fourth main surface, wherein the second sheet forming the light guide is an internally mounted glass.

34. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 33, characterized in that, The opaque peripheral element is a partially opaque area of ​​the layer, which is an optical isolation layer, a lower adhesive layer below the optical isolation layer, an upper adhesive layer on the optical isolation layer, a frame layer on the periphery of the optical isolation layer, or a film inserted in the laminated interlayer.

35. The light-emitting mounting glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that... It includes ambient light sources.

36. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 35, characterized in that... It includes a peripheral light source, which is optically coupled to a second sheet forming a light guide below an inner masking layer (7) formed on a second main surface, wherein the second sheet is an internally mounted glass, and the light-emitting mounted glass includes an opaque anti-halo element at the edge of the area for injecting light into the light guide, the opaque anti-halo element contacting a third main surface, and / or the light-emitting mounted glass includes another opaque anti-halo element on a fourth main surface facing the edge of the area for injecting light into the light guide.

37. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 36, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halo element at the edge of the area used to inject light into the light guide has a width of up to 10 cm.

38. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 36, characterized in that... Another opaque anti-halo element on the fourth principal surface facing the edge of the area used to inject light into the light guide has a width of up to 10 cm.

39. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 36, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halation element at the edge of the region for injecting light into the light guide, which is in contact with the third principal surface, has a refractive index n'1 in the visible light range, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 in the visible light range, and the absolute value deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.04 in the visible light range.

40. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 39, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halation element at the edge of the region for injecting light into the light guide, which is in contact with the third principal surface, has a refractive index n'1 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm, and the absolute value deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.04 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm.

41. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 39, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halation element at the edge of the region for injecting light into the light guide, which is in contact with the third principal surface, has a refractive index n'1 at 550 nm, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 at 550 nm, and the absolute deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.04 at 550 nm.

42. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 36, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halation element at the edge of the region for injecting light into the light guide, which is in contact with the third principal surface, has a refractive index n'1 in the visible light range, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.1 in the visible light range, and the absolute value deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.01 in the visible light range.

43. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 42, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halation element at the edge of the region for injecting light into the light guide, which is in contact with the third principal surface, has a refractive index n'1 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.1 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm, and the absolute value deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.01 in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm.

44. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 42, characterized in that... The opaque anti-halation element at the edge of the region for injecting light into the light guide, which is in contact with the third principal surface, has a refractive index n'1 at 550 nm, such that n0-n'1 is at least 0.1 at 550 nm, and the absolute deviation n'1-n1 is at most 0.01 at 550 nm.

45. The light-emitting mounting glass for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that... Light is injected from a light source that is optically coupled to the second sheet forming the light guide via the following: 1) Through the edge surface of the second sheet, 2) Or through the holes in the second sheet facing the inner masking layer (7) formed on the second main surface, 3) Or through a light redirection element on one side of the third or fourth main surface, the light source then faces or deviates from the fourth main surface, facing the inner masking layer (7) formed on the second main surface.

46. ​​The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 45, characterized in that... The light source is a set of light-emitting diodes.

47. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 45, characterized in that... The light redirection element is an optical redirection film.

48. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 45, characterized in that... The light source then faces or deviates from the fourth principal surface, directly optically coupled or coupled through an optical system, facing the inner masking layer (7) formed on the second principal surface.

49. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 45, characterized in that... The light source and / or light redirection element are offset from the transparent glass area and face the inner masking layer (7) formed on the second main surface.

50. The light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first sheet is an outer sheet, and the assembled glass is selected from the roof, windshield, or side window; or the first sheet is an inner sheet, and the assembled glass is selected from the windshield, side window, rear window, or rear door assembled glass.

51. The luminous mounting glass for a vehicle according to claim 50, characterized in that... The outer sheet is made of mineral glass.

52. A vehicle incorporating at least one luminescent mounting glass according to any one of claims 1-51.

53. A road vehicle incorporating at least one luminescent glass according to any one of claims 1-51.

54. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 51, comprising: - Assemble a first sheet, a laminated interlayer including at least an optical isolation layer, and a second sheet, wherein the optical isolation layer is a PSA film, a post-adhesive film made of a partially photocrosslinkable polymer material before assembly, or a coating on a polymer support. - Lamination, including degassing and positive pressure.

55. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 51, comprising assembling a first sheet, a laminated interlayer including at least an optical insulating layer, and a second sheet, said method comprising depositing an optical insulating layer on the second or first sheet prior to assembly.

56. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising assembling a first sheet, a laminated interlayer including at least an optical insulating layer, and a second sheet, the method comprising depositing an optical insulating layer on the second and first sheets prior to assembly.

57. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 53, comprising assembling a first sheet, a laminated interlayer including at least an optical insulating layer, and a second sheet, the method comprising depositing the optical insulating layer on the second or first sheet and photocrosslinking it prior to assembly.

58. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting mounting glass for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising assembling a first sheet, a laminated interlayer including at least an optical insulating layer, and a second sheet, the method comprising depositing the optical insulating layer on the second and first sheets and photocrosslinking prior to assembly.

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