A high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile and a method for manufacturing and use thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the production field of 1-series aluminum alloy radiators, and discloses a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparation steps are as follows: 1) adjusting an alloy formula, and preparing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratio: Si 0.20-0.30%, Fe 0.40-0.60%, the Fe / Si ratio is controlled to be 1.7-2.3, Cu<=0.01%, Mn 0.05-0.10%, the Si / Mn ratio is controlled to be 2.5-4.0, Mg<=0.01%, Cr<=0.01%, Zn<=0.03%, Ti<=0.01%, La 0.10-0.20%, single impurity <=0.015%, total impurities <=0.15%, and the balance is Al; 2) dissolving and casting the aluminum alloy raw materials into aluminum rods; and 3) extruding to obtain aluminum profiles. The application adjusts alloy components, and then optimizes an extrusion process, so that the material strength is improved, the additional mouthpiece installation cost is avoided, the heat conduction performance of the material is ensured from being reduced, the heat dissipation capacity of the final product is kept consistent or even improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of 1-series aluminum alloy radiator manufacturing, and more particularly to a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional extruded profile radiators are inherently limited by their manufacturing process, making it impossible to produce radiator profiles with ultra-high tooth ratios, thus failing to meet the heat dissipation speed requirements of some industrial equipment. Therefore, finned radiators made of large 1-series aluminum alloys are becoming increasingly widely used due to their advantages such as high tooth ratio, low production cost, and good heat dissipation performance. However, to meet the requirements of the finned process, the 1-series aluminum alloy itself is a low-strength material with a tensile strength of only about 60 MPa. This necessitates the addition of threaded bushings to the bottom of the final radiator, wasting installation time and significantly increasing bushing procurement costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a 1-series alloy suitable for finned machining, possessing excellent thermal conductivity, and sufficient thread strength. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profiles and their application, and to provide at least one beneficial option or create conditions to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0005] A method for preparing high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profiles, the preparation steps of which are as follows.

[0006] 1) Adjust the alloy formula and prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si 0.20~0.30%, Fe 0.40~0.60%, Fe / Si ratio controlled at 1.7-2.3, Cu≤0.01%, Mn 0.05~0.10%, Si / Mn ratio controlled at 2.5-4.0, Mg≤0.01%, Cr≤0.01%, Zn≤0.03%, Ti≤0.01%, La 0.10~0.20%, single impurity ≤0.015%, total impurities ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

[0007] 2) Dissolve and cast aluminum alloy raw materials into aluminum rods.

[0008] 3) Aluminum profiles are obtained through extrusion production.

[0009] More preferably, in step 1), when preparing the aluminum alloy raw materials, aluminum ingots with a purity of ≥99.7% are used.

[0010] More preferably, in step 2), the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials are added to a melting furnace to melt into aluminum liquid, and after stirring evenly, refining and degassing, and filtering, the aluminum liquid is cast into aluminum alloy ingots.

[0011] More preferably, the stirring is achieved by an electromagnetic stirring device.

[0012] More preferably, the refining process is as follows: after refining and degassing with a refining agent, the mixture is allowed to stand for 30 to 70 minutes to settle impurities.

[0013] More preferably, filtration is performed by filtering out the remaining impurities in the molten aluminum using a 40-60 mesh ceramic filter plate.

[0014] More preferably, in step 3), the extrusion process uses an aluminum rod temperature of 350°C-450°C.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile, which is prepared by the above-described method for preparing a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile as described above in the manufacture of a spade-shaped heat sink.

[0017] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has at least the following beneficial effects.

[0018] This invention improves material strength by adjusting the alloy composition and then optimizing the extrusion process, thereby avoiding additional braces installation costs while ensuring that the thermal conductivity of the material does not decrease, and the heat dissipation capacity of the final product remains consistent or even improved. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate a better understanding of the essence of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0020] A high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile is designed to improve material strength by adjusting the alloy composition and optimizing the extrusion process. When this high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile is made into a toothed heat sink, its high strength can avoid the additional cost of toothed installation, while ensuring that the thermal conductivity of the material does not decrease, and the heat dissipation capacity of the final product remains consistent or even improved.

[0021] A high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile is produced by the following manufacturing process.

[0022] 1) Adjust the alloy formula and prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si 0.20~0.30%, Fe 0.40~0.60%, Fe / Si ratio controlled at 1.7-2.3, Cu≤0.01%, Mn 0.05~0.10%, Si / Mn ratio controlled at 2.5-4.0, Mg≤0.01%, Cr≤0.01%, Zn≤0.03%, Ti≤0.01%, La 0.10~0.20%, single impurity ≤0.015%, total impurities ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

[0023] When preparing aluminum alloy raw materials, aluminum ingots with a purity of ≥99.7% must be used. The prepared aluminum alloy raw materials are added to the melting furnace to melt into aluminum liquid. After being stirred evenly with an electromagnetic stirring device and refined and degassed with a refining agent, the mixture is allowed to stand for 30 to 70 minutes to precipitate impurities. Then, the remaining impurities in the aluminum liquid are filtered through a 40 to 60 mesh ceramic filter plate, and the aluminum liquid is then cast into aluminum alloy ingots.

[0024] In this invention, the purpose of adding Fe and Si elements is to strengthen the material by combining with Al to form the Fe phase. Simultaneously, due to the incoherent nature of the Fe phase, its impact on thermal conductivity is minimal, avoiding a decrease in thermal conductivity. Furthermore, when the Fe / Si ratio is around 2, the resulting phase is primarily the α-Fe phase, exhibiting blocky and skeletal structures that are easily broken during extrusion, minimizing impact on deformation resistance. It also helps refine the grain size and improve strength. The addition of Mn primarily assists in the transformation of the Fe phase into the α phase, preventing the formation of needle-like β phases. Controlling the upper limit of Mn is crucial because excessive Mn, if unable to fully combine with Fe, will form a dispersed AlMn phase, significantly reducing the material's thermal conductivity.

[0025] In this invention, La is added because of its chemical reactivity. La readily interacts strongly with Fe and Si in aluminum, adsorbing at grain boundaries and thus hindering grain growth, achieving grain refinement. Simultaneously, these precipitates also pin the grain boundaries, preventing their movement and inhibiting grain growth. This prevents grain growth during extrusion and improves material strength through grain refinement. Furthermore, the addition of La affects the solubility of Fe and Si, causing more Fe and Si to transform from a solid solution state to a precipitated state in the alloy, thereby improving thermal conductivity. Additionally, La can effectively adsorb the β-Fe phase onto the α / L interface, transforming it into the α-Fe phase. Combined with the promoting effect of Mn on Fe phase transformation during casting, the aluminum rod does not require homogenization treatment, reducing production costs.

[0026] 2) Extrusion production yields aluminum profiles for toothed radiators. Extrusion production uses aluminum rod temperatures of 350℃-450℃. Higher temperatures should not be used for extrusion to avoid internal grain growth affecting the fine grain strengthening effect, thereby reducing material strength and causing stripping after screwing.

[0027] To better demonstrate the technological advancements of this invention, the material properties are compared below through some embodiments and comparative examples.

[0028] Example 1: Si 0.22%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.3, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.1, La 0.15%; extrusion bar temperature set at 350℃.

[0029] Example 2: Si 0.22%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.3, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.1, La 0.15%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0030] Example 3: Si 0.22%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.3, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.1, La 0.15%; extrusion bar temperature set at 450℃.

[0031] Example 4: Si 0.23%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.2, Mn 0.06%, Si / Mn ratio 3.8, La 0.10%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0032] Example 5: Si 0.24%, Fe 0.41%, Fe / Si ratio 1.7, Mn 0.08%, Si / Mn ratio 3.0, La 0.10%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0033] Example 6: Si 0.25%, Fe 0.43%, Fe / Si ratio 1.7, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.7, La 0.10%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0034] Example 7: Si 0.26%, Fe 0.58%, Fe / Si ratio 2.3, Mn 0.08%, Si / Mn ratio 3.3, La 0.20%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0035] Example 8: Si 0.34%, Fe 0.59%, Fe / Si ratio 1.7, Mn 0.09%, Si / Mn ratio 3.8, La 0.20%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: Si 0.22%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.3, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.1, La 0.15%; extrusion bar temperature set at 480℃.

[0037] Comparative Example 2: Si 0.22%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.3, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.1, La 0.15%; extrusion bar temperature set at 520℃.

[0038] Comparative Example 3: Si 0.15%, Fe 0.45%, Fe / Si ratio 3.0, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 3.1, La 0.10%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0039] Comparative Example 4: Si 0.35%, Fe 0.42%, Fe / Si ratio 1.2, Mn 0.07%, Si / Mn ratio 5.0, La 0.10%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0040] Comparative Example 5: Si 0.24%, Fe 0.50%, Fe / Si ratio 2.1, Mn 0.15%, Si / Mn ratio 1.6, La 0.10%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0041] Comparative Example 6: Si 0.25%, Fe 0.55%, Fe / Si ratio 2.2, Mn 0.01%, Si / Mn ratio 25, La 0.20%; extrusion bar temperature set at 400℃.

[0042] Table 1. Comparison of aluminum profile tests obtained from each embodiment and comparative example. Example 1 95.3 32.2 206.9 Example 2 94.9 31.9 207.3 Example 3 94.2 31.5 207.5 Example 4 94.5 31.9 207.2 Example 5 91.2 30.1 208.1 Example 6 91.5 30.2 208.2 Example 7 98.4 34.4 205.8 Example 8 99.1 34.9 205.1 Comparative Example 1 91.1 29.4 206.8 Comparative Example 2 89.9 28.5 207.2 Comparative Example 3 88.2 28.1 206.1 Comparative Example 4 96.7 34.5 201.1 Comparative Example 5 96.1 33.8 198.5 Comparative Example 6 92.3 29.7 207.5 .

[0043] As can be seen from Table 1, the 1-series aluminum alloy profiles obtained by this invention can better balance profile strength and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, when a toothed heat sink is made using the high-strength, high-thermal-conductivity 1-series aluminum alloy profiles obtained by this invention, additional toothed heat sink installation costs can be avoided, while ensuring that the thermal conductivity of the material does not decrease. Ultimately, the heat dissipation capacity of the product can be consistent with or even improved compared to traditional 1-series aluminum alloys.

[0044] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Parts not described in the specific embodiments are all prior art or common knowledge.

[0045] It should also be noted that the detailed description of preferred embodiments and included examples in the description of this invention facilitate a better understanding of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In case of any discrepancy, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0046] In this invention, the term "prepared from" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", or any other variations thereof, as used in this invention, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus comprising the listed elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or elements inherent to such a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

[0047] In this invention, when a quantity, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, a preferred range, or a range defined by a series of upper and lower preferred values, this should be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed by any pair of any upper or preferred value with any lower or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed individually. For example, when the range “1 to 5” is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted as including ranges “1 to 4”, “1 to 3”, “1 to 2”, “1 to 2 and 4 to 5”, “1 to 3 and 5”, etc. When numerical ranges are described in this invention, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include its endpoints and all integers and fractions within that range.

[0048] Furthermore, the indefinite articles “a” and “an” preceding the elements or components of this invention do not impose any limitation on the quantity requirement (i.e., the number of times) of the elements or components. Therefore, “an” or “a” should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural form, unless the quantity clearly refers to the singular form.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profiles, characterized in that, The preparation steps are as follows: 1) Adjust the alloy formula and prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si 0.20~0.30%, Fe 0.40~0.60%, Fe / Si ratio controlled at 1.7-2.3, Cu≤0.01%, Mn 0.05~0.10%, Si / Mn ratio controlled at 2.5-4.0, Mg≤0.01%, Cr≤0.01%, Zn≤0.03%, Ti≤0.01%, La 0.10~0.20%, single impurity ≤0.015%, total impurities ≤0.15%, balance Al; 2) Melt and cast aluminum alloy raw materials into aluminum rods; 3) Aluminum profiles are obtained through extrusion production, using aluminum rods at temperatures of 350℃-450℃.

2. The method for preparing a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), when preparing the aluminum alloy raw materials, aluminum ingots with a purity of ≥99.7% are used.

3. The method for preparing a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials are added to the melting furnace to melt into aluminum liquid, and after stirring evenly, refining and degassing, and filtering, the aluminum liquid is cast into aluminum alloy ingots.

4. The method for preparing a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile according to claim 3, characterized in that, Stirring is achieved using an electromagnetic stirring device.

5. The method for preparing a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile according to claim 3, characterized in that, The refining process is as follows: after refining and degassing with a refining agent, let it stand for 30-70 minutes to settle impurities.

6. The method for preparing a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile according to claim 3, characterized in that, Filtration involves filtering out remaining impurities from the molten aluminum using a 40-60 mesh ceramic filter plate.

7. A high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile, characterized in that, It is prepared using the preparation method of a high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The application of the high-strength 1-series aluminum alloy profile as described in claim 7 in the manufacture of a spade-shaped heat sink.