Air and water switchable double channel drill pipe

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-channel drill rod with gas-water switching capability, comprising: a drill bit body, an outer drill rod, and an inner drill rod. The drill bit body consists of a front part and a rear part for drilling operations. A dual-channel connector, consisting of an outer connector tube and an inner connector tube, is installed inside the front part of the drill bit body. The outer drill rod is connected to the outer connector tube, and its outer wall is sealed to the rear part of the drill bit body. The inner drill rod is located inside the outer drill rod and is sealed to the inner connector tube. An adjustment component and multiple buffer mechanisms are located at the center of the inner connector tube. Compared with existing technologies, this invention achieves switching between three working states in two channels: using air power for slag removal during drilling, using water circulation for cooling, and simultaneously providing sampling functionality. Through dual-channel gas-water switching, it eliminates safety hazards while ensuring the optimal working state of the drilling rig, and facilitates targeted sampling inside the mine, greatly improving work efficiency and providing safety guarantees for operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dual-channel drill pipe technology, and particularly to a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching capability. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the large-scale exploitation of shallow coal resources, coal mines have gradually shifted their development towards deeper coal seams, coal seams in areas with complex geological conditions, and soft coal seams. The hydrogeological conditions in these areas typically exhibit characteristics such as high ground stress, low coal strength, high gas pressure, high gas content, and a high degree of complexity and uncertainty in regional geological conditions, posing new challenges to drilling operations. Currently, hydraulic slag removal is achieved by circulating water into the drill pipe during drilling. This method is prone to jamming, limiting drilling depth, and water seepage into the coal seam hinders gas drainage efficiency. Air drills offer advantages such as less impact on the borehole wall and reduced risk of borehole collapse, which is beneficial for gas extraction. However, when using air drills, slag removal is primarily achieved using air power, and the cooling effect of air on the drill bit is limited. Therefore, the heat generated by friction between the drill bit and the coal wall during drilling cannot be dissipated in time, ultimately leading to the generation of carbon monoxide near the drill bit. In severe cases, this can even cause coal seam combustion, posing a serious threat to the lives of workers. Furthermore, it is inconvenient to perform fixed-point sampling within the mine during drilling, and to conduct real-time analysis of coal seam data. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching capability to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching capability, comprising:

[0004] The drill bit body, including the front part and the rear part, is used for drilling. A double-channel joint is provided in the front part of the drill bit body. The upper part of the double-channel joint faces the drill rod end. The double-channel joint includes an outer tube and an inner tube. An annular channel is formed between the outer tube and the inner tube. The upper and lower parts of the inner tube are integral inner tubes with different inner diameters and a certain thickness.

[0005] The outer drill pipe is connected to the outer pipe of the joint, and its outer wall is sealed to the rear of the drill body;

[0006] The inner drill pipe is installed inside the outer drill pipe and is sealed to the inner tube of the joint.

[0007] The drill body has a central channel at the front center, which is connected to the inner tube of the connector; multiple side channels are arranged in a ring around the central channel, which are connected to the ring channel between the outer tube and the inner tube of the connector, and the ring channel gradually narrows from both ends to the middle.

[0008] An adjustment component is provided at the center of the inner tube of the connector, the adjustment component including:

[0009] The connecting column is cylindrical in shape. The bottom of the connecting column is fixed to the front of the drill body, and the top exists independently in the middle of the inner tube of the connector. The lower part of the connecting column is provided with multiple connecting holes that are evenly spaced.

[0010] The positioning block is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting column and is located above the connecting hole;

[0011] The movable shaft is located inside the connecting column and is slidably connected to the positioning block. Its bottom corresponds to the central channel of the drill bit body.

[0012] The limiting block is circular and fixedly connected to the moving shaft. The outer diameter of the limiting block is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting column.

[0013] A reset spring is installed inside the connecting column and sleeved on the moving shaft. One end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the positioning block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting block. The distance between the limiting block and the positioning block is the length of the reset spring.

[0014] The movable closing surface is a round cap-shaped part, fixed to the top of the movable shaft, and its side is attached to the inner wall of the inner tube of the connector.

[0015] The inner tube of the connector is provided with a plurality of displacement buffer components evenly distributed in a ring on its wall. The displacement buffer components are movable along their axial direction. The displacement buffer components include:

[0016] The central fixing block is fixed to the pipe wall of the inner tube of the joint;

[0017] A fixing post is provided on the side of the central fixing block and is slidably connected to the side of the central fixing block;

[0018] The upper movable block is set on the upper part of the fixed column, and its side is slidably connected to the side of the central fixed block;

[0019] The lower moving block is located at the lower part of the fixed column, and its side is slidably connected to the side of the central fixed block;

[0020] The upper compression spring is fitted onto the fixed post and is located between the upper moving block and the central fixed block;

[0021] The lower compression spring is fitted onto the fixed post and is located between the lower moving block and the central fixed block;

[0022] The lower moving block is located in the middle of the inner tube of the connector, and is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the connecting column.

[0023] The lower moving block of the displacement buffer assembly is fixedly connected to a sealing ring, which is set in the annular channel between the outer tube and the inner tube of the connector.

[0024] The inner tube of the connector has a movable ring inside, and the top of the movable ring is lower than the top of the inner tube of the connector.

[0025] Multiple buffer mechanisms are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the moving ring, and the upper part of the moving ring is fixedly connected to the buffer mechanism; the bottom outer side of the buffer mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper moving block, and the top inner side is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving ring; the moving closing surface is fastened to the top of the moving ring.

[0026] A closed arc surface is provided between the inner tube of the connector and the moving ring. One end of the closed arc surface is movably attached to the inner tube wall of the inner tube of the connector, and the other end is fixedly attached to the top of the moving ring. It moves with the moving ring and can close the exchange channel.

[0027] A closed arc surface is fitted to the displacement buffer component on the outer side of the inner tube wall of the joint, and is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the sealing ring. It moves with the sealing ring to seal the gaps on the inner tube of the joint, so as to ensure the airtightness between the inner tube and the outer tube of the joint.

[0028] The diameter of the moving closed surface is greater than the inner diameter of the moving ring.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] The drill rod is connected to the outer pipe of the joint and the outer drill rod, and the inner pipe of the joint is connected to the inner drill rod. With the setting of the central channel and multiple side channels, the entire drill rod forms a dual channel. The displacement buffer component and adjustment component set inside the dual channel joint realize the switching of three working states of the dual channel. Drilling is carried out by air-powered slag removal, and cooling is carried out by water circulation. It also has a sampling function. Through the air-water switching of the dual channel, safety hazards are eliminated while ensuring the optimal working condition of the drilling rig. It also facilitates fixed-point sampling inside the mine, which greatly improves work efficiency and provides safety protection for the operators. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drill bit body structure in a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a dual-channel joint structure in a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching;

[0034] Figure 4 A detailed schematic diagram of a dual-channel joint in a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching capability;

[0035] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a dual-channel drill pipe with air-water switching and water circulation cooling.

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a dual-channel drill rod with air-water switching in pneumatic slag removal drilling;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching for fixed-point sampling.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Drill body; 2. Dual-channel connector; 3. Outer drill pipe; 4. Inner drill pipe; 11. Front of drill body; 12. Rear of drill body; 13. Side channel; 14. Central channel; 21. Outer tube of connector; 22. Inner tube of connector; 23. Sealing ring; 24. Displacement buffer assembly; 25. Moving ring; 26. Adjustment assembly; 221. Exchange channel; 222. Closed arc surface; 241. Fixed column; 242. Upper moving block; 243. Central fixed block; 244. Lower moving block; 245. Upper compression spring; 246. Lower compression spring; 251. Buffer mechanism; 261. Connecting column; 262. Positioning block; 263. Moving shaft; 264. Return spring; 265. Moving closed surface. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To better explain and facilitate further understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching capability includes:

[0041] The drill bit body 1 includes a front part 11 and a rear part 12 for drilling operations. A double-channel connector 2 is provided inside the front part 11, with the upper part of the double-channel connector 2 facing the drill rod end. The double-channel connector 2 includes an outer connector tube 21 and an inner connector tube 22 (wall thickness not shown in the attached figure), and an annular channel is formed between the outer connector tube and the inner connector tube. The inner connector tube 22 has two parts with different inner diameters and is a single piece with a certain thickness.

[0042] The outer drill pipe 3 is connected to the outer pipe 21 of the connector, and its outer wall is sealed to the rear part 12 of the drill body;

[0043] The inner drill pipe 4 is installed inside the outer drill pipe 3 and is sealed to the inner tube 22 of the connector.

[0044] The center of the front part 11 of the drill body is provided with a central channel 14, which is connected to the inner tube 22 of the connector. Multiple side channels 13 are arranged in a ring around the central channel 14. The multiple side channels 13 are connected to the ring channel between the outer tube 21 of the connector and the inner tube 22 of the connector. The ring channel gradually narrows from both ends to the middle.

[0045] An adjustment component 26 is provided at the center of the inner tube 22 of the connector. The adjustment component 26 includes:

[0046] The connecting post 261 is cylindrical. The bottom of the connecting post 261 is fixed on the front part 11 of the drill body, and the top exists independently in the middle position of the inner tube 22 of the connector. The lower part of the connecting post 261 is provided with multiple connecting holes arranged at equal intervals.

[0047] Positioning block 262 is fixed to the inner wall of connecting post 261 and is located above the connecting hole;

[0048] The movable shaft 263 is set inside the connecting column 261 and is slidably connected to the positioning block 262. Its bottom corresponds to the center channel 14 of the drill bit body 1.

[0049] The limiting block is circular and fixedly connected to the moving shaft 263. The outer diameter of the limiting block is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting column 261.

[0050] A reset spring 264 is disposed inside the connecting post 261 and sleeved on the moving shaft 263. One end of the reset spring 264 is fixedly connected to the positioning block 262, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting block 266. The distance between the limiting block and the positioning block 262 is the length of the reset spring 264.

[0051] The movable closing surface 265 is a round cap-shaped part, fixed to the top of the movable shaft 263, and its side is attached to the inner wall of the inner tube 22 of the connector.

[0052] The inner tube 22 of the connector is provided with a plurality of displacement buffer components 24 evenly distributed in a ring on its tube wall. The displacement buffer components 24 are movable along their axial direction. The displacement buffer components 24 include:

[0053] The central fixing block 243 is fixed to the pipe wall of the inner pipe 22 of the connector;

[0054] The fixing post 241 is disposed on the side of the central fixing block 243 and is slidably connected to the side of the central fixing block 243;

[0055] The upper movable block 242 is set on the upper part of the fixed column 241, and its side is slidably connected to the side of the central fixed block 243;

[0056] The lower moving block 244 is located at the lower part of the fixed column 241 and is slidably connected to the side of the central fixed block 243.

[0057] The upper compression spring 245 is sleeved on the fixed post 241 and is located between the upper moving block 242 and the central fixed block 243;

[0058] The lower compression spring 246 is sleeved on the fixed post 241 and is located between the lower moving block 244 and the central fixed block 243;

[0059] The lower moving block 244 is located in the middle of the inner tube 22 of the connector, and is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the connecting column 261.

[0060] The lower moving block 244 at the bottom of the displacement buffer assembly 24 is fixedly connected to a sealing ring 23, which is disposed in the annular channel between the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 of the connector.

[0061] The inner tube 22 of the connector is provided with a movable ring 25. The top of the movable ring 25 is lower than the top of the inner tube 22 of the connector. Multiple buffer mechanisms 251 are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the movable ring 25. The upper part of the movable ring 25 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the buffer mechanism 251. The bottom outer side of the buffer mechanism 251 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper movable block 242, and the top inner side is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable ring 25. The movable closing surface 265 is fastened to the top of the movable ring 25.

[0062] The buffer mechanism 251 acts as a buffer when the moving ring 25 moves up and down, ensuring that the moving ring 25 remains balanced when moving up and down.

[0063] The upper wall of the inner tube 22 of the connector is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed exchange channels 221. The exchange channels 221 are arranged alternately with the displacement buffer assembly 24, located above the displacement buffer assembly 24 and below the top of the moving ring 25.

[0064] A closed arc surface 222 is provided between the inner tube 22 of the connector and the moving ring 25. One end of the closed arc surface 222 is movably attached to the inner tube wall of the inner tube 22 of the connector, and the other end is fixedly attached to the top of the moving ring 25. It moves with the moving ring 25 and can close the exchange channel 221.

[0065] During wind-powered slag removal drilling and fixed-point sampling, the top of the moving ring 25 after it moves down is always higher than the top of the exchange channel 221, and the closed arc surface 222 closes the exchange channel 221.

[0066] A closed arc surface 222 is fitted to the displacement buffer component 24 on the outer side of the inner tube 22 of the connector and is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the sealing ring 23. It moves with the sealing ring 23 to seal the gap on the inner tube 22 of the connector, so as to ensure the airtightness between the inner tube 22 and the outer tube 21 of the connector.

[0067] The diameter of the movable closing surface 265 is larger than the inner diameter of the movable ring 25. This is so that when the movable closing surface 265 moves downward, it drives the movable ring 25 to move downward synchronously, thereby ensuring the overall sealing of the device during water circulation cooling.

[0068] The working principle and process of this invention are as follows:

[0069] 1. The drill rod is subjected to pneumatic slag removal drilling, while the outer drill rod 3 and inner drill rod 4 are pressurized. Under the action of the double-channel joint 2, the compressed air of the outer drill rod 3 is forced into the annular channel between the outer pipe 21 and the inner pipe 22 of the joint. The sealing ring 23 in the annular channel moves downward under the action of the compressed air, opening the annular channel that was originally sealed by the sealing ring 23, so as to allow the compressed air inside the outer drill rod 3 to pass through the annular channel and be injected into the borehole through multiple side channels 13. At the same time as the sealing ring 23 moves downward, it drives the lower moving block 244 to move downward, stretching the lower compression spring 246, which in turn drives the fixed column 241 to compress the upper compression spring 245. The contraction causes the upper moving block 242 and the moving ring 25 to move downwards, causing the moving ring 25 to disengage from the moving closing surface 265, thus forming a channel between the moving ring 25 and the moving closing surface 265. Under the action of the compressed air inside the inner drill rod 4, the moving closing surface 265 causes the moving shaft 263 to move downwards. The channel formed between the moving ring 25 and the moving closing surface 265 still exists, which is used to allow the compressed air inside the inner drill rod 4 to pass through the inner pipe 22 of the connector. The compressed air flows through multiple connecting holes at the lower part of the connecting column 261 to the central channel 14, and is injected into the borehole through the central channel 14. This causes the rock cuttings to return from the gap between the drill rod and the borehole wall to the borehole opening, achieving the purpose of slag removal.

[0070] 2. When the drill rod is used for fixed-point sampling, pressure is applied to the outer drill rod 3. The compressed air from the outer drill rod 3 is forced into the annular channel between the outer pipe 21 and the inner pipe 22 of the connector. Under the action of the compressed air, the sealing ring 23 in the annular channel moves downward, opening the annular channel that was originally sealed by the sealing ring 23. This allows the compressed air inside the outer drill rod 3 to pass through the annular channel and be injected into the borehole through multiple side channels 13. At the same time as the sealing ring 23 moves downward, it drives the lower moving block 244 to move downward, stretching the lower compression spring 246, which in turn drives the fixed column 241 to stretch the upper compression spring 246. Compression 45 causes the upper moving block 242 and the moving ring 25 to move downwards, causing the moving ring 25 to disengage from the moving closed surface 265, thus forming a channel between the moving ring 25 and the moving closed surface 265. Compressed air reaches the front end of the borehole, carrying the sample cut by the drill bit, and flows into the central channel 14 of the front part of the drill body 11. It then enters the inner tube 22 of the connector through multiple connecting holes at the bottom of the connecting column 261. During the upward process, it lifts the moving closed surface 265, increasing the gap between it and the moving ring 25. Finally, the sample returns to the borehole through the inner drill rod 4, completing the sampling work.

[0071] 3. When the drill rod temperature is too high, the drill rod undergoes hydraulic circulation cooling. Pressurized water enters from the inner drill rod 4, causing the moving closing surface 265 to move downward, which in turn moves the moving ring 25 downward until the exchange channel 221 on the inner tube 22 of the connector leaks out. The moving ring 25 compresses the buffer mechanism 251, thereby driving the upper moving block 242 to move up and down on the fixed column 241, compressing the upper compression spring 245. The buffer mechanism 251 and the displacement buffer assembly 24 play a buffering role when the moving ring 25 moves up and down, ensuring that the moving ring 25 remains balanced during the up and down movement, and adjusting the moving ring 25. The moving shaft 263 moves downward under the action of the moving closing surface 265, compressing the return spring 264, and at the same time sealing the central channel 14 to prevent rock cuttings from entering the drill bit during the rotation of the drill bit body 1. Pressurized water enters the annular space between the outer tube 21 and the inner tube 22 of the connector through the exchange channel 221, thereby performing circulation cooling.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air and water switched dual pass drill rod characterized by, include: The drill bit body, including the front part and the rear part, is used for drilling. A double-channel joint is provided in the front part of the drill bit body. The upper part of the double-channel joint faces the drill rod end. The double-channel joint includes an outer tube and an inner tube. An annular channel is formed between the outer tube and the inner tube. The upper and lower parts of the inner tube are integral inner tubes with different inner diameters and a certain thickness. The outer drill pipe is connected to the outer pipe of the joint, and its outer wall is sealed to the rear of the drill body; The inner drill pipe is installed inside the outer drill pipe and is sealed to the inner tube of the joint. The inner tube of the connector is provided with an adjustment component at its center. The adjustment component includes a connecting column, a moving shaft, a return spring, and a moving closing surface. The bottom of the connecting column is fixed on the front of the drill body, the top of which exists independently in the middle position of the inner tube of the connector, and the lower part is provided with equally spaced connecting holes. The inner tube of the connector is provided with a displacement buffer assembly on its wall, and the displacement buffer assembly can move along its axial direction. The lower moving block at the bottom of the displacement buffer assembly is fixedly connected to a sealing ring, which is set in the annular channel between the outer tube and the inner tube of the connector. The inner tube of the connector is provided with a movable ring, and the movable closing surface is fastened to the top of the movable ring, which can be disengaged to form a channel. The upper part of the inner tube of the connector is provided with an exchange channel.

2. A gas and water switchover dual pass drill rod as defined in claim 1, wherein, The drill body has a central channel at the front center, which is connected to the inner tube of the connector; multiple side channels are arranged in a ring around the central channel, which are connected to the ring channel between the outer tube and the inner tube of the connector, and the ring channel gradually narrows from both ends to the middle.

3. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment component further includes: The positioning block is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting column and is located above the connecting hole; The limiting block is circular and fixedly connected to the moving shaft. The outer diameter of the limiting block is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting column. The connecting post is cylindrical, and the communicating holes are multiple; The movable shaft is installed inside the connecting column and is slidably connected to the positioning block, with its bottom corresponding to the central channel of the drill bit body; The reset spring is disposed inside the connecting column and sleeved on the moving shaft. One end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the positioning block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting block. The distance between the limiting block and the positioning block is the length of the reset spring. The movable closing surface is in the shape of a round cap, fixed to the top of the movable shaft, and its side is attached to the inner wall of the inner tube of the connector.

4. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 3, characterized in that, The displacement buffer assembly comprises multiple components, which are evenly distributed in a ring on the inner wall of the connector tube. The displacement buffer assembly includes: The central fixing block is fixed to the pipe wall of the inner tube of the joint; A fixing post is provided on the side of the central fixing block and is slidably connected to the side of the central fixing block; The upper movable block is set on the upper part of the fixed column, and its side is slidably connected to the side of the central fixed block; The lower moving block is located at the lower part of the fixed column, and its side is slidably connected to the side of the central fixed block; The upper compression spring is fitted onto the fixed post and is located between the upper moving block and the central fixed block; The lower compression spring is fitted onto the fixed post and is located between the lower moving block and the central fixed block; The lower moving block is located in the middle of the inner tube of the connector, and is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the connecting column.

5. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner tube of the connector has a movable ring inside, and the top of the movable ring is lower than the top of the inner tube of the connector.

6. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple buffer mechanisms are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the moving ring, and the upper part of the moving ring is fixedly connected to the buffer mechanism; the bottom outer side of the buffer mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper moving block, and the top inner side is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving ring; the moving closing surface is fastened to the top of the moving ring.

7. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 6, characterized in that, A closed arc surface is provided between the inner tube of the connector and the moving ring. One end of the closed arc surface is movably attached to the inner tube wall of the inner tube of the connector, and the other end is fixedly attached to the top of the moving ring. It moves with the moving ring and can close the exchange channel.

8. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 7, characterized in that, A closed arc surface is fitted to the displacement buffer component on the outer side of the inner tube wall of the joint, and is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the sealing ring. It moves with the sealing ring to seal the gaps on the inner tube of the joint, so as to ensure the airtightness between the inner tube and the outer tube of the joint.

9. A dual-channel drill pipe with gas-water switching according to claim 8, characterized in that, The diameter of the moving closed surface is greater than the inner diameter of the moving ring.

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