A method, device and medium for evaluating vibration comfort of a hydropower station powerhouse

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a kind of vibration comfort degree evaluation methods of hydropower station plant, wherein, method includes: obtaining the to be evaluated area of hydropower station plant, and the vibration acceleration time history data of the to be evaluated area is measured;The time history data is Fourier transformed, and the frequency spectrum data of vibration acceleration is obtained, wherein, the frequency spectrum data covers the frequency range of hydropower human vibration influence comfort and noise vibration influence comfort;The frequency spectrum energy in each N octave interval in the frequency spectrum data is integrated, and the acceleration root mean square of time history data in each N octave interval is obtained by the average of time history data quantity of energy integration;According to the ratio of working time length and setting time length, each acceleration root mean square is time weighted, to reflect the influence of working time length on human health;Each time weighted acceleration root mean square is compared with the limit of each N octave interval, and the evaluation result of each N octave interval is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration comfort assessment, and more particularly to a method, equipment, and medium for assessing vibration comfort in a hydropower plant. Background Technology

[0002] Vibration comfort assessment primarily focuses on the physiological and psychological comfort experienced by the human body. Currently, the assessment of human exposure to whole-body vibration often employs the evaluation indicators and methods in GB / T 13441.2 / ISO263 "Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 2: Vibration within buildings (1–80 Hz)" and GB / T 13442 "Comfort reduction limits and evaluation criteria for whole-body vibration exposure of the human body". These standards only evaluate the comfort within a 1 / 3 octave band of frequency influence in the 1–80 Hz range; they are not applicable outside this range.

[0003] Currently, the main vibration frequencies of pumped storage power stations are mostly above 90Hz, with some reaching over 150Hz. Therefore, the vibration standard GB / T 13441.2 / ISO263 for pumped storage power station buildings is no longer applicable. How to assess the human comfort level of pumped storage power station buildings is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, equipment, and medium for evaluating the vibration comfort of a hydropower plant, in order to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for evaluating the vibration comfort of a hydropower station powerhouse, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the area to be tested in the hydropower plant building and measure the vibration acceleration time history data of the area to be tested;

[0007] The time history data is subjected to Fourier transform to obtain the spectral data of vibration acceleration, wherein the spectral data covers the first frequency range of human comfort affected by vibration in hydropower stations and the second frequency range of comfort affected by noise vibration.

[0008] The spectral energy in each N octave interval of the spectral data is integrated, and the root mean square acceleration of the time history data in each N octave interval is obtained by averaging the energy integration over the time history data, where N>0.

[0009] Based on the ratio of working hours to set time, time weighting is applied to the root mean square of each acceleration to reflect the impact of working hours on human health.

[0010] The root mean square of acceleration after time weighting is compared with the limit value of each N octave interval to obtain the evaluation result of each N octave interval. The limit value is calculated from the limit value corresponding to the set duration in the existing standard, and each limit value is the limit value of the root mean square of vibration acceleration.

[0011] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0012] One or more processors;

[0013] Memory, used to store one or more programs.

[0014] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the vibration comfort assessment method for hydropower plant buildings as described in any embodiment.

[0015] This invention, based on the vibration characteristics of pumped storage powerhouses, proposes a novel method for evaluating vibration comfort in hydropower stations to assess vibration levels and protect the health of on-site workers. Through intuitive evaluation limit standards and procedures, it effectively evaluates the impact of pumped storage powerhouse vibration and noise on human comfort, clearly identifies the main factors affecting human comfort, and provides effective health protection for workers. The evaluation conclusions can also effectively guide targeted vibration reduction control in pumped storage power stations. Furthermore, this embodiment unifies human comfort indicators into a consistent N-octave band acceleration index, and evaluates vibration and structural noise using vibration acceleration. Only the vibration acceleration response of the powerhouse needs to be tested, simultaneously assessing both the impact on human vibration comfort and the structural noise generated by vibration. Since pumped storage powerhouses are underground, they are constrained horizontally by the surrounding rock, and vertical vibration of the floor slabs is more pronounced. Therefore, in this embodiment, the impact on vibration comfort can be directly evaluated using the vertical vibration acceleration of the working area, with the limit standard uniformly adopting the N-octave band acceleration value (m / s²). 2 As an indicator, the evaluation method is easy to operate.

[0016] Specifically, existing technologies typically calculate vibration acceleration levels (dB values) using spectrum weighting. These dB values ​​fail to reflect frequency domain characteristics, only indicating whether the limit is exceeded, but not identifying the vibration source characteristics. The method in this embodiment, however, reflects frequency domain characteristics, allowing for both vibration comfort assessment and clear identification of vibration source frequency characteristics exceeding limits based on spectrum features. This provides a reference for subsequent targeted vibration reduction optimization measures. Existing technologies only provide vibration acceleration limits for each frequency band without explaining how to calculate the actual vibration acceleration. This embodiment, however, converts time-history data to the frequency domain and utilizes the energy relationship between the time and frequency domains. A simple integration over the frequency domain interval yields the root mean square of the time-domain acceleration, avoiding a series of cumbersome operations such as frequency domain conversion, frequency weighting, and inverse spectrum transformation of the time-history data. In existing technologies, different vibration acceleration limits are often given for different working durations to reflect the time effect of working duration on human comfort. However, this embodiment converts the time effect into octave band spectrum values ​​and compares these values ​​with a set of unified limit standards. There is no need to give different limits for different working durations, which is more convenient in limit setting and evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a vibration comfort assessment method for a hydropower station powerhouse provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of acceleration sensors in the area to be tested, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a vibration acceleration root mean square limit curve for comfort assessment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a 1 / 3 octave band limit curve provided by the GB / T 13442 standard;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] As described in the background section, the main vibration frequency range of pumped storage power stations is very wide, exceeding the frequency range of 1–80 Hz for evaluating the comfort of whole-body vibration exposure. This embodiment, based on the principle that vibration affects comfort, divides the impact of vibration on human comfort in pumped storage power stations into the impact of human vibration on comfort and the impact of noise vibration on comfort. The impact of human vibration on comfort refers to the discomfort caused by mechanical vibration felt by the human body, which is usually more noticeable in lower vibration frequency ranges, such as 1–80 Hz. The impact of noise vibration on comfort refers to the discomfort caused by noise generated by structural vibration heard by the human body, which can cover higher vibration frequency ranges, such as 31.5–500 Hz. Especially in the high-frequency range, the human body is less sensitive to mechanical vibration, but the noise caused by high-frequency vibration can still have a significant impact on human comfort.

[0027] Currently, human vibration comfort and noise vibration comfort are evaluated using different methods, standards, and parameters. Human vibration comfort is reflected by the comfort level of the human body exposed to whole-body vibration, evaluated using weighted vibration acceleration or weighted acceleration level, and tested using accelerometers. Relevant standards include GB / T 13441.2 / ISO263 "Mechanical vibration and shock – Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration – Part 2: Vibration within buildings (1–80 Hz)" and GB / T13442 "Comfort reduction limits and evaluation criteria for whole-body vibration exposure." These standards only evaluate comfort within a frequency range of 1–80 Hz, covering a 1 / 3 octave band; values ​​outside this range are not applicable. Noise impact evaluation uses weighted sound levels, tested using acoustic sensors. Relevant standards include GB / T 22337 "Environmental Noise Emission Standard for Social Life," which only specifies acoustic environment requirements for Class A and Class B rooms such as residential buildings and offices, but does not include requirements for factories and factory-office environments. It is evident that the measurement methods and rules for vibration and sound are significantly different. If multiple measurement methods, instruments, and evaluation indicators are used simultaneously for the vibration and noise evaluation of a factory, it often causes great inconvenience to the testing personnel. Furthermore, the evaluation conclusions of different evaluation indicators within the same frequency band may conflict, all of which can cause confusion for testing and evaluation personnel.

[0028] To effectively protect the health of staff and to guide targeted vibration control in pumped-storage power plants through testing and evaluation, this embodiment proposes a specific vibration comfort evaluation index and method for pumped-storage power plant buildings. This method can comprehensively evaluate the human vibration comfort and noise vibration comfort of the power plant buildings and can be extended to other hydropower plants, making it applicable to vibration comfort evaluation of all hydropower plants. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a vibration comfort assessment method for a hydropower station powerhouse provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The method is executed by electronic equipment and specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] S110. Obtain the area to be tested in the hydropower plant and measure the vibration acceleration time history data of the area to be tested.

[0030] This embodiment collects time-history data of vibration acceleration in the area to be evaluated as the data source for vibration comfort assessment. Specifically, for the pumped-storage power station building, since it is an underground building, it is constrained horizontally by the surrounding rock, and the vertical vibration of the floor slab is more pronounced. Therefore, only the vertical acceleration time-history data can be collected for the assessment. Furthermore, considering the significant differences in vibration comfort across different areas of the power station, there can be multiple areas to be evaluated, including the main power station, auxiliary power station, and ground-level offices, for separate regional assessments. The area where the generating units are located is the main power station area, the office area within the power station is the auxiliary power station area, and the ground-level office area is the general office area.

[0031] To further improve the accuracy of on-site data, in one specific implementation, for any area to be evaluated, multiple measuring points can be set up centered on the key work area of ​​personnel in that area, and the vibration acceleration time history data at each measuring point can be measured respectively. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a measuring point setup is given, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a P0 measuring point can be set at the center of the key work area for personnel. Using the P0 measuring point as a reference, four quadrants are divided. Four measuring points, P1 to P4, are set at distances of 2-3 meters in front, behind, left, and right within each quadrant. Of course, P1 to P4 can also be fine-tuned according to the site characteristics to select locations with significant vibration; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0032] After the measurement points are set up, acceleration time history data for one minute can be obtained at each measurement point through synchronous testing. To reduce random influences, three sets of data can be collected for each measurement point, with a sampling interval of 5 minutes between each set, and an acceleration sampling frequency of at least 1000Hz. Each set of data is denoted as: a ij (t)|i=0,1,…4;j=1,2,3;where t is the duration of 1 minute. It should be noted that in practical applications, the number of measurement points (5), the sampling test duration (1 minute), and the interval duration (5 minutes) can all be adjusted to other values ​​as needed; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations. The sampling frequency of 1000Hz can also be adjusted according to the frequency range to be evaluated; the specific principle will be explained in detail in subsequent embodiments. After the time history data is collected, the vibration data can be preprocessed to remove zero-drift values ​​and outliers, avoiding the influence of zero-drift values ​​and outliers on subsequent operations.

[0033] S120. Perform a Fourier transform on the time history data to obtain the spectral data of vibration acceleration; integrate the spectral energy in each N octave interval of the spectral data, and average the energy integration with the time history data to obtain the root mean square of the acceleration of the time history data in each N octave interval, where N>0. The spectral data covers the first frequency range of the impact of human vibration on comfort in hydropower stations, and the second frequency range of the impact of noise vibration on comfort.

[0034] Overall, this embodiment still adopts the comfort evaluation model in relevant standards, comparing whether the root mean square of acceleration in the time history data of each frequency band exceeds the corresponding limit. However, unlike existing standards, the main vibration frequencies of pumped storage power stations are usually already above 90Hz. This embodiment considers the noise impact of structural vibrations above 80Hz, extending the evaluation range of vibration comfort from the traditional 1-80Hz to a higher frequency range to take into account both the vibration and noise characteristics of the pumped storage power station building. Optionally, referring to relevant standards, the frequency range of human vibration affecting comfort can be selected as 1-80Hz, and the frequency range of noise vibration affecting comfort can be selected as 31.5-500Hz, referred to as the first frequency range and the second frequency range respectively for distinction and description. Thus, the total frequency range evaluated in this embodiment can be broadened to 1-500Hz. The highest frequency of 500Hz here also determines the sampling frequency of the above time history data. Usually, 2-3 times the highest frequency in the frequency domain is taken as the time domain sampling frequency, so 1000Hz can be selected. Of course, other sampling frequencies can also be used if the sampling accuracy is satisfied.

[0035] Wherein, N octaves are the basis for dividing the frequency range. For example, in GB / T 13442, the frequency range of 1 to 80 Hz adopts 1 / 3 octaves, that is, N = 1 / 3. Due to the widening of the total frequency range, the 1 / 3 octave in the existing standard can also be extended to 1 octave, that is, N = 1, so that the frequency granularity meets the evaluation requirements. In a specific implementation, firstly, the center frequency of 1 octave within 1 to 500 Hz is accurately calculated according to formula (1):

[0036]

[0037] in, Let represent the center frequency of the i-th N-th octave, corresponding to the commonly used octave center frequencies: 1Hz, 2Hz, 4Hz, 8Hz, 16Hz, 31.5Hz, 63Hz, 125Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz. The actually calculated center frequencies are: 1.0Hz, 2.0Hz, 4.0Hz, 7.9Hz, 15.8Hz, 31.6Hz, 63.1Hz, 125.9Hz, 251.2Hz, 501.2Hz.

[0038] Correspondingly, it is also possible to accurately calculate the frequency range of one octave, that is, to calculate the upper and lower limits of the corresponding center frequency for each octave within the range of 1 to 500 Hz, and to determine the frequency range of one octave for different center frequency values. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] in, and They represent respectively with This represents the lower and upper octave bands of the center frequency. For example, the octave band for a center frequency of 1 Hz is [0.7 Hz, 1.4 Hz], the octave band for a center frequency of 2 Hz is [1.4 Hz, 2.8 Hz], the octave band for a center frequency of 250 Hz is [177.8 Hz, 354.8 Hz], ...

[0042] After determining each octave band interval, the root mean square of the vibration acceleration at each center frequency is calculated based on these frequency intervals. In one specific embodiment, this process may include the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Process the time history data of each group a ij (t) Perform Fourier transforms respectively:

[0044] F(f) = fft(a ij ,nfft) (4)

[0045] Where nfft represents the number of spectrum samples, which is a power of 2; f represents the frequency; and fft(·, nfft) represents the Fourier transform; a is obtained through the Fourier transform. ij The spectral data F(f) of (t).

[0046] Step 2: Integrate the spectral energy within each octave interval, i.e., calculate the frequency interval corresponding to each center frequency. Total energy within

[0047]

[0048] Step 3: Calculate the octave band spectral values ​​within the frequency range.

[0049]

[0050] Where n represents the amount of time-history data, and sqrt(·) represents the square root operation. Based on the energy relationship between time-history data and spectral data, It is equivalent to The root mean square value (rms) of the acceleration of the time history data after band filtering, i.e. The root mean square of acceleration is the time history data within one octave band of the center frequency. It is worth noting that, compared to calculating the root mean square of acceleration from time history data, this embodiment cleverly utilizes the energy relationship between the time and frequency domains. The root mean square of time-domain acceleration for a specific frequency band can be obtained by averaging the energy in the frequency domain. This eliminates the need for designing a separate bandpass filter and for using inverse Fourier transform to reconstruct the time history data, resulting in simple operation and accurate results.

[0051] Step 4: For each octave band interval, based on the positional relationship between each measurement point and the key working area, perform position weighting on the root mean square acceleration at each measurement point. Use the weighted result as the more accurate root mean square acceleration of the time history data within each octave band interval. Optionally, for... Figure 2 The five measuring points P0 to P4 shown can each have their respective area weighting coefficients k set. j ,in:

[0052]

[0053] k0>k j |j=1,…,4; (8)

[0054] Preferably, the weight of key work areas should be larger, for example, k0 = 0.4, k j =0.15|j=1,…,4. Then the position-weighted octave band spectral value is... for:

[0055]

[0056] Regional weighting coefficients can highlight the weight of key regions and reflect the overall response characteristics within the region.

[0057] S130. Based on the ratio of working time to set time, perform time weighting on the root mean square of each acceleration to reflect the impact of working time on human health.

[0058] This embodiment considers the time effect of workers being in a vibration environment and sets a time influence coefficient K for each octave band spectral value. T The longer the working hours, the greater the adverse effects on the human body, and the greater the corresponding time-impact coefficient should be. In one specific implementation method, firstly, the time-impact coefficient K corresponding to the working duration T is calculated according to the following formula. T :

[0059]

[0060] Here, T0 represents the set duration. For example, T0 = 8h, consistent with an 8-hour workday.

[0061] Then, based on the time influence coefficient, the position-weighted 1 octave spectrum value is... Perform time weighting:

[0062]

[0063] in, This represents the time-weighted octave band spectral value, equivalent to... The root mean square of acceleration is the time-weighted value of the time history data within one octave band of the center frequency. It should be noted that existing technologies often provide different vibration acceleration limits for different working durations to reflect the time effect of working duration on human comfort. During evaluation, it is necessary to select the limit corresponding to a specific exposure duration from multiple sets of limits for judgment. However, this embodiment converts the working duration into a one octave band spectrum value using a time influence coefficient. Subsequently, only this spectrum value needs to be compared with a unified set of limit standards, eliminating the need to provide different limits for different working durations. This is more convenient in both limit setting and evaluation.

[0064] Based on the above process, the three sets of time-weighted octave spectrum values ​​can be calculated. To protect human health, for each octave band, the maximum value among the three sets of data is taken as the final evaluation spectrum value data for that octave band, which is the final root mean square acceleration.

[0065] S140. Compare the root mean square acceleration after each time weight with the limit value of each N octave interval to obtain the evaluation result of each N octave interval. The limit value is calculated from the limit value corresponding to the set duration in the existing standard, and each limit value is the limit value of the root mean square of vibration acceleration.

[0066] In summary, this embodiment designs four permissible limits (hereinafter referred to as limits) for the main plant area, auxiliary plant area, and ground office area: Main plant personnel fatigue limit A1, main plant comfort reduction limit A2, auxiliary plant comfort reduction limit A3, and general office comfort reduction limit A4. The four limits within the same octave band satisfy the following relationship:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Figure 3 An exemplary schematic diagram of the root mean square limit curves of vibration acceleration at four levels is provided, which is shown in Table 1 in tabular form:

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] Based on the above limit data, this embodiment compares the time-weighted root mean square (RMS) acceleration of each octave band interval with the limit value for each allowable limit. If the time-weighted RMS acceleration is less than the limit value, the octave band interval meets the comfort requirements; if the time-weighted RMS acceleration is greater than or equal to the limit value, the octave band interval does not meet the comfort requirements. It can be considered that the area to be evaluated only meets the comfort requirements when all octave band intervals meet them; the octave band intervals that do not meet the requirements are determined as vibration reduction reference intervals, providing a reference for the next step of developing vibration reduction strategies. More specifically, for each allowable limit, the time-weighted octave band spectrum value can be used. With the corresponding tolerance value Compare and determine whether different octave bands exceed the limit. As long as any octave band... Any deviations exceeding the limits are considered to exceed the permissible values. If the limits are exceeded, it is recommended to take vibration reduction and noise reduction measures or reduce the time staff spend working in the area; it can also determine the dominant octave band of the maximum vibration impact, providing a reference for identifying the main vibration source and formulating vibration reduction measures.

[0074] Furthermore, the aforementioned limit data can be obtained through on-site comfort testing, calculated according to relevant standards, or calculated first using relevant standards and then verified through on-site testing. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations. Figure 3 Taking the limit data provided in Table 1 as an example, this embodiment provides a limit determination method that comprehensively considers the perceptual impact of vibration and the acoustic environment. It integrates the limit data with guiding significance from the perceptual vibration standard and the acoustic vibration standard, expanding to four categories of limit data applicable to pumped storage power station buildings from 1 to 500 Hz. Field measurements have verified that this set of limit data can maintain good human comfort across all frequency bands, achieving comprehensive protection for the human body. Specifically, the process of determining the above limit data may include the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Extract the limit curves used to evaluate the first frequency range from the human vibration comfort standard, and the limit curves used to evaluate the second frequency range from the noise vibration comfort standard. The human vibration comfort standards include GB / T 13441.2 / ISO263 "Mechanical vibration and shock – Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration", GB / T 13442 "Comfort reduction limits and evaluation criteria for whole-body vibration exposure", etc., and the noise vibration comfort standards include GB / T 50868 "Permissible vibration standard for building engineering", etc. As mentioned above, GB / T 13442 provides the 1 / 3 octave band limit curves for the 1–80 Hz frequency range, such as... Figure 4As shown; while Chapter 9 of GB / T 50868, "Acoustic Environmental Vibration," specifies the permissible values ​​for first harmonic acoustic environmental vibration in Class B rooms within the frequency range of 31.5Hz to 500Hz, which can form a limit curve for 31.5Hz to 500Hz. Both of these standards are guiding technical standards. This embodiment will find the intersection point of the two limit curves and merge them into a limit curve covering the entire frequency range. For ease of distinction and description, this embodiment refers to the limit curve used to evaluate the first frequency range in the human vibration comfort standard as the first limit curve, the limit curve used to evaluate the second frequency range in the noise vibration comfort standard as the third limit curve, and the limit curve covering the entire frequency range as the third limit curve.

[0076] Step 2: Based on the type of area to be evaluated in the human vibration comfort standard, determine the proportion of limit values ​​for each type of area, and unify the area types of the first and second limit curves according to this proportion. Since different areas have different vibration environments, they correspond to different vibration curves. GB / T 13442 can provide first limit curves for multiple types of areas, while GB / T 50868 can only provide second limit curves applicable to Class B rooms (equivalent to the ground-floor office in this embodiment). To unify the area types, the limit proportions for different area types can be calculated based on the permissible vibration weighted acceleration level (dB) for human comfort in buildings specified in Tables 6.0.1 and 6.0.2 of the building engineering permissible vibration standard GB / T 50868. Specifically, Table 6.0.2 specifies the permissible vibration weighted acceleration level (dB) for the production operation area. The permissible vibration level for the workshop office is 92 dB, the permissible vibration level for vertical comfort in the production operation area for 8 hours is 112 dB, and the permissible vibration level for fatigue-efficiency reduction in the 8 hours is 102 dB, each differing by 10 dB (3.15 times). The permissible vibration level for a regular office is 86 dB. To find the intersection of the two limit curves in subsequent operations, this embodiment approximates the difference between the regular office and the workshop office to be 10 dB (3.15 times) within a certain error tolerance range. Thus, by dividing the limit value in the first limit curve corresponding to the workshop office by 3.15, the first limit curve corresponding to the regular office can be obtained, thereby unifying the area types of the first and second limit curves.

[0077] Step 3: Using the intersection of the first and second limit curves as the dividing point, take curve segments with stricter limits before and after the dividing point, and splice them together to form a third limit curve covering the entire frequency range. The third limit curve includes limits for each N-octave interval. In one specific embodiment, after regional unification, the two types of limit curves still have octave differences (the first limit curve uses a 1 / 3 octave, while the second limit curve uses a 1 octave). To find the curve intersection point, the curves can first be unified to a 1 octave. Taking 31.5Hz as an example, the 31.5Hz octave band includes three 1 / 3 octave band segments: 25Hz, 31.5Hz, and 40Hz. According to GB / T 13442, "Comfort Reduction Limits and Evaluation Criteria for Whole-Body Vibration Exposure," the permissible vibration limits for the three 1 / 3 octave band segments (25Hz, 31.5Hz, and 40Hz) are averaged over the octave band with a center frequency of 31.5Hz to obtain the permissible limit for the 31.5Hz octave band. Calculating the permissible limit for each octave band segment in the same way unifies the first limit curve into a octave band curve. Furthermore, from... Figure 4 It can be seen that there are multiple first limit curves in the human vibration comfort standard, each curve corresponding to an exposure duration (e.g., 1 min, 16 min, 4 h, 8 h, etc.). As long as one of the first limit curves intersects with a second limit curve, the two types of curves can be fused. Optionally, if the difference between the first and second limit curves at a certain frequency is less than a set threshold, it is considered that the first and second limit curves intersect at that frequency, and the exposure duration is used as the set duration in the time weighting in S130. This embodiment uses the above method to verify each value, and finally finds that the permissible vibration limit for the workshop office corresponding to the first limit curve at 31.5 Hz for an exposure duration of 8 h is 0.1329 m / s². 2 Dividing this limit by 3.15 yields 0.0422 m / s 2 The acoustic environmental vibration limit of 0.0425 m / s² for Class B rooms specified in GB / T 50868 is greater than that specified in GB / T 50868. 2 The basic consistency allows them to be considered as the intersection point of the two types of limit curves. From Figure 4 It can be seen that the first limit curve gradually increases after 31.5Hz, indicating that the impact of human vibration on perceived comfort gradually decreases after 31.5Hz. The second limit curve, however, gradually decreases after 31.5Hz, with all its limits lower than the first limit curve, indicating that the impact of noise on human comfort gradually increases after 31.5Hz. The second limit curve provides a more stringent limit on vibration acceleration. Therefore, this embodiment uses the intersection point (31.5Hz, 0.0425m / s²) as the limit. 2Using the intersection point as a boundary, the first limit curve with stricter limits is selected in the 1–31.5Hz frequency band before the intersection point, and the second limit curve with stricter limits is selected in the 31.5–500Hz frequency band after the intersection point. These two curve segments are then spliced ​​together to form the third limit curve covering the entire frequency range. This ensures more stringent protection for the human body in any frequency band. The final comfort reduction limit curve for ground-based office areas is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in A4, this curve comprehensively considers the perceptual effects of vibration and the acoustic environment. For the lower octave band below 32Hz, it mainly considers the perceptual comfort of human vibration, while for frequencies above 32Hz, it considers the structural noise generated by vibration. That is, the structural noise generated by vibration must not exceed the perceptual comfort level. After obtaining the complete A4, based on the relationship between the four categories of limits, A4 is multiplied by 3.15 (10dB), 10 (20dB), and 31.5 (30dB) respectively. This allows for the derivation and calculation of the acoustic permissible limits for the auxiliary and main plant buildings in the 32.5–500Hz octave band, resulting in the complete A1, A2, and A3 curves, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown. It should be noted that this embodiment includes some approximations in the calculation of the entire set of limit data, such as an approximation of 10dB to 3.15 times, and 20dB to 10 times. The errors introduced by these approximations can be controlled within a certain range. Furthermore, the limit values ​​themselves are used to constrain a maximum standard and do not require strict precision; therefore, they do not affect the scientific validity of the limit data. More importantly, with appropriate approximations, existing technical standards can be integrated to form limit curves over a wider frequency range, fully leveraging the technical guidance of existing standards. This ensures that technical standards under different systems can be met in specific scenarios, while simultaneously controlling the impact of human body vibration and noise vibration on comfort, comprehensively guaranteeing human health.

[0078] Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that although the evaluation method in this embodiment is specifically designed for the vibration characteristics of pumped storage power stations, it is highly applicable to pumped storage power stations. For conventional hydropower station powerhouses, the dominant frequency of vibration is often less than 80Hz. While the impact of vibration on human comfort within the powerhouse can be directly evaluated using standards GB / T 13441.2 and GB / T 13442, the method in this embodiment can also yield reasonable evaluation conclusions. Therefore, the evaluation method in this embodiment is applicable to vibration comfort evaluation of all hydropower stations.

[0079] In summary, this embodiment, based on the vibration characteristics of pumped storage powerhouses and aiming to evaluate the vibration level of pumped storage powerhouses and protect the health of on-site personnel, proposes a novel method for assessing the vibration comfort of hydropower stations. Through intuitive assessment limit standards and procedures, it effectively evaluates the impact of pumped storage powerhouse vibration and noise on human comfort, clearly identifies the main factors affecting human comfort, and the analysis and evaluation can effectively protect the health of personnel. Furthermore, the test and evaluation conclusions can effectively guide pumped storage power stations in implementing targeted vibration reduction control. Simultaneously, this embodiment unifies the human comfort index into a consistent N-octave band acceleration index, and evaluates vibration and structural noise using vibration acceleration. Only the vibration acceleration response of the powerhouse needs to be tested, thus simultaneously assessing the impact of vibration on human comfort and the structural noise generated by vibration. Since the pumped-storage powerhouses are all underground, they are constrained horizontally by the surrounding rock, and the vertical vibration of the floor slabs is more pronounced. Therefore, in this embodiment, the impact of vibration comfort can be directly evaluated using the vertical vibration acceleration of the working area. The standard limit value is uniformly adopted as the acceleration value (m / s²) in the 1st octave band. 2 As an indicator, the evaluation method is easy to operate.

[0080] Specifically, existing technologies typically calculate vibration acceleration levels (dB values) using spectrum weighting. These dB values ​​fail to reflect frequency domain characteristics, only indicating whether the limit is exceeded, but not identifying the vibration source characteristics. The method in this embodiment, however, reflects frequency domain characteristics, allowing for both vibration comfort assessment and clear identification of vibration source frequency characteristics exceeding limits based on spectrum features. This provides a reference for subsequent targeted vibration reduction optimization measures. Existing technologies only provide vibration acceleration limits for each frequency band without explaining how to calculate the actual vibration acceleration. This embodiment, however, converts time-history data to the frequency domain and utilizes the energy relationship between the time and frequency domains. A simple integration across the frequency domain interval yields the root mean square of the time-domain acceleration, avoiding a series of cumbersome operations such as frequency domain conversion, frequency weighting, inverse spectrum transformation, and variance calculation of the time-history data. Existing technologies often specify different vibration acceleration limits for different working durations to reflect the time effect of working duration on human comfort. However, this embodiment converts the time effect into octave band spectral values, which are then compared with a set of unified limit standards. This eliminates the need for different limits for different working durations, making limit setting and evaluation more convenient. Furthermore, the 8-hour limit aligns with the actual 8-hour workday. This often yields simple time-weighted coefficients, further reducing computational complexity. Existing human vibration limits and noise vibration limits are given separately by different standards, each covering only a portion of the frequency range and failing to cover the vibration impact across the entire frequency range of pumped-storage power stations. This embodiment, however, finds the intersection point of the two types of limit curves in the overlapping frequency region, and selects more stringent limit standards on both sides of the intersection point to simultaneously meet vibration comfort and noise comfort requirements. This achieves the fusion of the two limit systems, providing reasonable limit data over a wider frequency range.

[0081] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the device includes a processor 60, a memory 61, an input device 62, and an output device 63; the number of processors 60 in the device can be one or more. Figure 5 Taking a processor 60 as an example; the processor 60, memory 61, input device 62, and output device 63 in the device can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 5 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0082] The memory 61, as a computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the vibration comfort assessment method for the hydropower plant in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 60 executes various functional applications and data processing of the device by running the software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 61, thereby realizing the aforementioned vibration comfort assessment method for the hydropower plant.

[0083] The memory 61 may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and at least one application program required for a given function; the data storage area may store data created based on terminal usage. Furthermore, the memory 61 may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some instances, the memory 61 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 60, which can be connected to the device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0084] Input device 62 can be used to receive input digital or character information, and to generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the device. Output device 63 may include display devices such as a display screen.

[0085] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the vibration comfort assessment method for a hydropower plant building according to any embodiment.

[0086] The computer storage medium of this invention can be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0087] Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, capable of sending, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0088] Program code contained on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0089] Computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof. Programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++—as well as conventional procedural programming languages—such as C or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the vibration comfort of a hydropower station powerhouse, characterized in that, include: Obtain the area to be tested in the hydropower plant building and measure the vibration acceleration time history data of the area to be tested; The time history data is subjected to Fourier transform to obtain the spectral data of vibration acceleration, wherein the spectral data covers the first frequency range of human comfort affected by vibration in hydropower stations and the second frequency range of comfort affected by noise vibration. The spectral energy in each N octave interval of the spectral data is integrated, and the root mean square acceleration of the time history data in each N octave interval is obtained by averaging the energy integration over the time history data, where N>0. Based on the ratio of working hours to set time, time weighting is applied to the root mean square of each acceleration to reflect the impact of working hours on human health. The root mean square of acceleration after each time weighting is compared with the limit value of each N octave interval to obtain the evaluation result of each N octave interval. The limit value is calculated from the limit value corresponding to the set duration in the existing standard. Each limit value is the limit value of the root mean square of vibration acceleration. Before comparing the time-weighted root mean square acceleration with the limit value of each N-octave interval to obtain the evaluation result of each N-octave interval, the process further includes: Extract the first limit curve from the human vibration comfort standard used to evaluate the first frequency range, and the second limit curve from the noise vibration comfort standard used to evaluate the second frequency range; Using the intersection of the first and second limit curves as the dividing point, curve segments with stricter limits are taken before and after the dividing point and spliced ​​together to form a third limit curve covering the entire frequency range. The third limit curve includes limits for each N octave band interval. Specifically, there are multiple first limit curves in the human vibration comfort standard, each curve corresponding to an exposure duration. If the difference between the limit of a first limit curve and the second limit curve at a certain frequency is less than a set threshold, it is considered that the first limit curve and the second limit curve intersect at that frequency, and the exposure duration is used as the set duration in time weighting.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydropower station is a pumped storage power station, and the vibration acceleration includes vertical vibration acceleration; the frequency range of the spectrum data includes 1~500Hz, N=1.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement of vibration acceleration time history data of the area to be evaluated includes: setting up multiple measuring points centered on the key work area of ​​personnel in the area to be evaluated, and measuring the vibration acceleration time history data at each measuring point; Accordingly, the step of integrating the spectral energy within each N octave interval of the spectral data and averaging the energy integration over the time history data to obtain the root mean square acceleration of the time history data within each N octave interval includes: integrating the spectral energy within each N octave interval for the spectral data of each measurement point and averaging the energy integration over the time history data to obtain the root mean square acceleration of the time history data within each N octave interval; and for each N octave interval, performing position weighting on the root mean square acceleration at each measurement point according to the positional relationship between each measurement point and the key working area, and using the weighting result as the final root mean square acceleration of the time history data within each N octave interval.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of integrating the spectral energy within each N octave interval of the spectral data and averaging the energy integral over the time history data to obtain the root mean square acceleration of the time history data within each N octave interval includes: Integrate the spectral energy within each N octave interval using the following formula: in, Indicates the first i The center frequency of N octaves, Indicates to The total energy over an N-octave band of the center frequency. and They represent respectively with These represent the lower and upper frequency limits of the N octave band interval from the center frequency. Indicates the number of spectrum samples. This refers to the spectrum data; Calculate the root mean square of acceleration for time history data within each N octave interval using the following formula: in, n This indicates the amount of data in the time history data. Indicates The root mean square of the acceleration of the time history data within an N-octave interval of the center frequency. This represents the operation of finding the square root.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of weighting the root mean square of each acceleration based on the ratio of working time to a set time includes: Calculate working hours using the following formula. Corresponding time influence coefficient : in, Indicates the set duration; The root mean square of acceleration in the time history data within each N octave interval is time-weighted according to the following formula: in, Indicates the first i The center frequency of N octaves, Indicates The root mean square of the acceleration of the time history data within an N-octave interval of the center frequency. Indicates The root mean square of the acceleration is the time-weighted data within the N octave band interval of the center frequency.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of comparing the time-weighted root mean square acceleration with the limit values ​​for each N-octave interval to obtain the evaluation results for each N-octave interval includes: If the root mean square of the time-weighted acceleration in any N-octave interval is less than the limit of the N-octave interval, the N-octave interval is considered to meet the comfort requirements. If all N octave band intervals meet the comfort requirements, the area to be evaluated is considered to meet the comfort requirements. The N-octave band range that does not meet the comfort requirements is determined as the vibration reduction reference range.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before stating that if there exists a first limit curve and a second limit curve with a limit difference of less than a set threshold at a certain frequency, it is considered that the first limit curve and the second limit curve intersect at that frequency, the method further includes: Based on the type of area to be evaluated in the human vibration comfort standard, the proportion of limit values ​​for each type of area is determined, where each limit value is the root mean square limit value of vibration acceleration. Based on the proportions of various regional limits, the regional types of the first limit curve and the second limit curve are unified.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the vibration comfort assessment method for hydropower plant buildings according to any one of claims 1-7.

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