A double-layered glass reactor and its operation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a double-layered glass reactor and its operating method, mainly relating to the technical field of reactors. It includes a reactor body with a lid on top. The reactor body is composed of a single-layer wall, and both the upper and lower ends of the reactor body have end caps in contact with the wall. Several sets of reaction pipes are arranged between the end caps, with each end of the reaction pipe connected to an inlet and a outlet, respectively. A gap between the reaction pipes and the wall forms a sandwich layer, inside which are spirally rising guide plates. A fluid channel for the flow of hot and cold sources is formed between the walls of adjacent guide plates. A hot and cold source inlet is located at the lower part of the reactor body, connected to the lower outlet of the fluid channel, and a hot and cold source outlet is located at the upper part of the reactor body, connected to the upper outlet of the fluid channel. The beneficial effects of this invention are: solving the problem of ineffective control of the reaction temperature in the central region of the reactor, and ensuring the accuracy of experimental results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of reaction vessels, specifically a double-layered glass reaction vessel and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] The double-walled glass reactor features a double-layered glass design. The inner layer contains the reaction solvent for stirring, while the outer layer can be circulated with different heat sources (refrigeration, hot water, or hot oil) for heating or cooling. Under set constant temperature conditions, stirring reactions can be carried out in the sealed glass reactor at atmospheric or negative pressure, depending on the application requirements. It also allows for reflux and distillation of the reaction solvent, making it an ideal pilot-scale and production equipment for modern fine chemical plants, biopharmaceuticals, and the synthesis of new materials.

[0003] The existing double-layered glass reactor includes a support frame with an upper support beam. A fixing plate is bolted to the upper support beam, and an open-topped reactor is fixedly embedded in the middle of the fixing plate. The reactor wall is a transparent double-layered hollow structure, with a gap between the two layers forming an interlayer. The lower part of the reactor has a cold / heat source inlet communicating with the interlayer, and the upper part of the reactor has a cold / heat source outlet communicating with the upper discharge port of the fluid channel. The bottom of the reactor has a discharge port with a discharge valve. The upper part of the reactor is bolted to a lid, which is equipped with a variable-speed stirrer, a constant-pressure separating funnel, a condenser, a vacuum gauge, a pressure relief device, and a thermometer. This allows for the control and regulation of the reactants through heating, cooling, mixing, and pressure functions to achieve the chemical reaction.

[0004] Since the heat source exchanges heat with the reaction solution at the edge through the inner wall, and then exchanges heat between the solution at the edge and the reaction solution in the center to achieve heating or cooling of the reaction solution, if the two substances react violently in the reactor, the reaction solution in the center cannot be cooled in time, causing the temperature in the center to gradually increase. This results in a sudden increase in pressure inside the double-walled glass reactor, posing a significant potential risk. At the same time, it is impossible to effectively control the reaction temperature in the center of the reactor, which to some extent affects the accuracy of the experimental results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a double-layered glass reactor and its operation method, which solves the problem of ineffective control of the reaction temperature in the central area of ​​the reactor and ensures the accuracy of experimental results.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the invention employs the following technical solution:

[0007] A double-layered glass reactor includes a vessel body mounted on a support frame for use with materials. The top of the vessel body is detachably fitted with a vessel lid, and the bottom of the vessel body has a discharge port with a discharge valve. The vessel lid is equipped with a feed inlet, a stirring device, a vacuum gauge, a negative pressure extraction port, and a first thermometer. The vessel body is composed of a single-layer wall. Both the upper and lower ends of the vessel body have end caps in contact with the wall. Several sets of reaction pipes are arranged between the end caps. The two ends of each reaction pipe are connected to the feed inlet and the discharge port, respectively. The gap between the reaction pipes and the wall forms a sandwich layer. The interior of the sandwich layer has spirally rising guide plates. A fluid channel for the flow of hot and cold sources is formed between the walls of adjacent guide plates. The lower part of the vessel body has a hot and cold source feed inlet connected to the lower discharge port of the fluid channel, and the upper part of the reactor body has a hot and cold source discharge outlet connected to the upper discharge port of the fluid channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the stirring device includes several stirring shafts rotatably disposed within the reaction pipeline. Each stirring shaft is provided with a first impeller that contacts the material. The stirring device also includes a stirring motor disposed on a support frame and an output shaft rotatably connected to the vessel lid. The stirring motor and the output shaft are connected by a coupling, and the output shaft drives several stirring shafts to rotate simultaneously within the reaction pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the stirring shaft located at the center is connected to the output shaft. The end of the output shaft is provided with a first gear, the ends of the stirring shafts located in the middle are all provided with second gears that mesh with the first gear, and the ends of the stirring shafts located on the outer sides are all provided with third gears. An annular connecting block is provided between the third gear and the second gear. The inner side of the connecting block is provided with internal teeth that mesh with several second gears, and the outer side of the connecting block is provided with external teeth that mesh with several third gears.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the vessel is provided with an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate. The sealed chamber formed between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate encloses the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear. The lower mounting plate is provided with a sealed bearing that works with the stirring shaft. The upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate are provided with several through holes around their perimeter. The through holes are respectively connected to the feed inlet and the reaction pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the vessel body is provided with a first step that contacts the end cover plate and a second step that contacts the lower mounting plate. Both the top of the vessel body and the bottom of the vessel cover are provided with flanges, and the connection between the two flanges is provided with a groove that contacts the upper mounting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an annular fixing block that clamps the two flanges together. The annular fixing block has several mounting holes, and the bolt passes through the mounting holes on the two annular fixing blocks and is threadedly connected to the nut.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower mounting plate is provided with a first protrusion that contacts the upper mounting plate to prevent the reaction solution from flowing into the sealed chamber, and a second protrusion that contacts the first gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the two ends of the stirring shaft extend to the feed inlet and discharge outlet of the vessel body, respectively, and are provided with second blades that come into contact with the material.

[0015] Furthermore, a fixing plate is fixedly provided at the upper and lower bottlenecks of the vessel body, and the fixing plate is detachably mounted on the support frame. A second thermometer is provided at the discharge port of the vessel body.

[0016] A method for operating a double-walled glass reactor includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. First, check whether each component of the vessel is installed correctly and the sealing between each component;

[0018] S2. Close the discharge valve at the discharge port, open the feed port, and add the reaction solvent and materials, allowing the materials to enter the reactor body and flow into different reaction pipes. Simultaneously, turn on the stirring motor and adjust its speed. The stirring motor drives several stirring shafts to rotate simultaneously, causing the first impeller to stir the materials in the reaction pipes. At the same time, the hot and cold sources enter through the hot and cold source feed port and enter the fluid channel provided in the jacket. Guided by the guide plate, the hot and cold sources spiral upward to generate turbulence and exchange heat with the materials in the reaction pipes. Finally, they flow out from the hot and cold source discharge port, realizing the circulation heating or cooling of the reaction solution. A vacuum is drawn through the negative pressure exhaust port to change the pressure inside the reactor body, so that the inside of the reactor body reaches a negative pressure state.

[0019] S3. The temperature of the material in the vessel is detected by the first thermometer, and the pressure inside the vessel is detected by the vacuum gauge.

[0020] S4. After reacting for a period of time, open the discharge valve at the bottom to recover the material.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. By exchanging heat between the heat source and the reaction pipes that have been divided into several parts, the contact area of ​​the reaction pipes is increased and the distance from the pipe wall to the center is reduced, thereby accelerating the cooling or heating efficiency of the reaction solution at the center of the reactor, providing a suitable reaction environment for the materials, allowing the materials to fully carry out chemical reactions, and improving the accuracy of experimental results.

[0023] 2. The spiral partition of the jacket by the guide plate prevents the cold and heat sources from passing directly through the jacket. At the same time, the guide plate guides the cold and heat sources, causing them to generate turbulence in the fluid channel, reducing the generation of dead water areas and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the reactor.

[0024] 3. Through the cooperation between the stirring motor, output shaft, first gear, stirring shaft, second gear, connecting block, internal gear, and external gear, multiple stirring shafts can rotate simultaneously inside the reactor, reducing the space required for installation of the drive unit and the cost of manufacturing.

[0025] 4. The stirring shaft rotates inside the reactor, driving the first impeller to stir the material in the reaction pipes, ensuring that the material in each reaction pipe is fully mixed and guaranteeing the accuracy of the experimental results. At the same time, it drives the second impeller to stir at the inlet and outlet of the reactor body, preventing material from settling at the inlet and outlet of the reactor body and improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0026] 5. The temperature of the reactor at the inlet and outlet is detected by the first and second thermometers, and the pressure inside the reactor is detected by the vacuum gauge, thereby controlling the temperature and pressure of the reaction process, meeting the conditions required for the experiment, and ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vessel body of the present invention.

[0028] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0029] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction pipeline of the present invention.

[0030] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first gear of the present invention.

[0031] Appendix Figure 5 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0032] The labels shown in the attached diagram:

[0033] 1. Support frame; 2. Vessel body; 3. Vessel lid; 4. Discharge port; 5. Discharge valve; 6. Feed inlet; 7. Stirring device; 8. Vacuum gauge; 9. Negative pressure extraction port; 10. First thermometer; 11. Wall; 12. End cover plate; 13. Reaction pipeline; 14. Jacket; 15. Guide plate; 16. Fluid channel; 17. Cold and heat source feed inlet; 18. Cold and heat source discharge outlet; 19. Stirring shaft; 20. First impeller; 21. Stirring motor; 22. Output shaft; 23. First gear 24. Gear; 25. Third gear; 26. Connecting block; 27. Internal gear; 28. External gear; 29. ​​Upper mounting plate; 30. Lower mounting plate; 31. Sealed bearing; 32. Through hole; 33. First step; 34. Second step; 35. Flange; 36. Groove; 37. Annular fixing block; 38. Mounting hole; 39. Bolt; 40. Nut; 41. First protrusion; 42. Second protrusion; 43. Second blade; 44. Fixing plate; 45. Second thermometer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in this application.

[0035] This invention provides a double-layered glass reactor, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the vessel includes a vessel body 2 mounted on a support frame 1 for use with materials. The top of the vessel body 2 is detachably equipped with a vessel lid 3, and the bottom of the vessel body 2 has a discharge port 4. A discharge valve 5 is located at the discharge port 4. The vessel lid 3 has a feed inlet 6, a stirring device 7, a vacuum gauge 8, and a first thermometer 10. The vessel lid 3 has an installation port for use with the first thermometer 10. The lower part of the first thermometer 10 is inserted into the thermometer installation port, and the upper part of the thermometer is fastened to the thermometer installation port via a flange 35. This is used to measure the temperature of the material at the feed inlet 6 of the vessel body 2. The vessel body 2 is composed of a single layer... The reactor body 2 is composed of a wall 11. Both the upper and lower ends of the reactor body 2 are provided with end caps 12 that contact the wall 11. Specifically, each end cap 12 has a groove 36, within which a sealing strip contacts the wall 11, ensuring overall sealing. Several sets of reaction pipes 13 are arranged between the end caps 12, dividing the reaction space from a large pipe into several smaller reaction pipes 13. This allows for heat exchange between the heat source and the divided reaction pipes 13, increasing the contact area of ​​the reaction pipes 13 and decreasing the distance from the pipe wall to the center, thereby accelerating the reaction at the center of the reactor. The cooling or heating efficiency of the solution is adjusted to provide a suitable reaction environment for the materials, allowing them to fully undergo chemical reactions and improving the accuracy of experimental results. The two ends of the reaction pipe 13 are connected to the inlet 6 and the outlet 4, respectively, allowing materials to enter the reaction pipe 13 through the inlet 6 and flow out of the vessel 2 through the outlet 4. A jacket 14 is formed between the reaction pipe 13 and the wall 11. The jacket 14 contains spirally rising guide plates 15, specifically made of a soft material to facilitate entry into the reaction vessel. The upper and lower adjacent guide plates 15... A fluid channel 16 for the flow of cold and heat sources is formed between the walls 11, causing the cold and heat sources to move spirally and generate turbulence, improving the efficiency of heat exchange with the materials in the reaction pipe 13, while avoiding the cold and heat sources from passing directly through the jacket 14, reducing the generation of dead water areas, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the reactor; the lower part of the reactor body 2 is provided with a cold and heat source inlet 176 connected to the lower discharge port 4 of the fluid channel 16, and the upper part of the reactor is provided with a cold and heat source outlet 18 connected to the upper discharge port 4 of the fluid channel 16, realizing the circulation and alternation of cold and heat sources in the reactor body 2, ensuring the smooth progress of the experiment.

[0036] Preferred, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the stirring device 7 includes several stirring shafts 19 rotatably disposed within the reaction pipe 13. Each stirring shaft 19 is equipped with a first blade 20 that contacts the material. Each stirring shaft 19 in the reaction pipe 13 drives the corresponding first blade 20 to contact the material, ensuring that the material in each reaction pipe 13 is fully mixed and guaranteeing the accuracy of the experimental results. The stirring device 7 also includes a stirring motor 21 disposed on the support frame 1 and an output shaft 22 rotatably connected to the lid 3, providing power for the stirring shafts 19 to rotate within the reaction vessel. The stirring motor 21 and the output shaft 22 are connected by a coupling, and the output shaft 22 drives several stirring shafts 19 to rotate simultaneously within the reaction pipe 13, reducing the space required for installation and the manufacturing cost of the drive device.

[0037] Preferred, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the stirring shaft 19 located at the center is connected to the output shaft 22, driving the stirring shaft 19 at the center to rotate. The end of the output shaft 22 is provided with a first gear 23, and the ends of the stirring shafts 19 located in the middle are provided with second gears 24 that mesh with the first gear 23. Through the meshing of the first gear 23 and the second gear 24, the torque of the output shaft 22 is transmitted to the several stirring shafts 19 in the middle. The ends of the stirring shafts 19 located on the outer side are provided with third gears 25. An annular connecting block 26 is provided between the third gear 25 and the second gear 24. The inner side of the connecting block 26 is provided with internal teeth 27 that mesh with the several second gears 24, and the outer side of the connecting block 26 is provided with external teeth 28 that mesh with the several third gears 25. The torque of the stirring shaft 19 in the middle is transmitted to the several stirring shafts 19 on the outer side. Thus, the stirring shafts 19 can be rotated together through a mechanical structure without the need for individual program control, reducing the difficulty of program design, better realizing the stirring of the reaction solution, and improving the accuracy of experimental results.

[0038] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the top of the vessel body 2 is provided with an upper mounting plate 29 and a lower mounting plate 30. The sealed chamber formed between the upper mounting plate 29 and the lower mounting plate 30 encloses the first gear 23, the second gear 24, and the third gear 25. The lower mounting plate 30 is provided with a sealed bearing 31 that works with the stirring shaft 19, allowing the stirring shaft 19 to rotate smoothly on the lower mounting plate 30. At the same time, it plays a sealing role, preventing the reaction solution from flowing into the sealed chamber and affecting the service life of the first gear 23, the second gear 24, and the third gear 25. The upper mounting plate 29 and the lower mounting plate 30 are provided with several through holes 32 around their perimeter. The through holes 32 are respectively connected to the feed inlet 6 and the reaction pipe 13, allowing the material to flow from the feed inlet 6 into the reaction pipe 13, ensuring the normal progress of the experiment.

[0039] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the top of the vessel body 2 is provided with a first step 33 that contacts the end cover plate 12 and a second step 34 that contacts the lower mounting plate 30, which respectively realize the positioning and fixing of the end cover plate 12 and the lower mounting plate 30. The top of the vessel body 2 and the bottom of the vessel cover 3 are both provided with flanges 35. The connection between the two flanges 35 is provided with a groove 36 that contacts the upper mounting plate 29. The upper mounting plate 29 is fixed between the vessel body 2 and the vessel cover 3 by contacting the upper and lower sides of the groove 36 respectively.

[0040] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes an annular fixing block 37 that clamps the two flanges 35. The annular fixing block 37 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 38. The bolt 39 passes through the mounting holes 38 provided on the two annular fixing blocks 37 and is threadedly connected to the nut 40 to realize the detachable connection between the vessel body 2 and the cover plate. At the same time, a sealing ring can be provided between the two flanges 35 to ensure the sealing between the vessel body 2 and the cover plate.

[0041] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the lower mounting plate 30 is provided with a first protrusion 41 that contacts the upper mounting plate 29 to prevent the reaction solution from flowing into the sealed chamber and affecting the service life of the first gear 23, the second gear 24 and the third gear 25; and a second protrusion 42 that contacts the first gear 23 to fix the first gear 23.

[0042] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the stirring shaft 19 extend to the inlet 6 and the outlet 4 of the vessel body 2, respectively, and are provided with a second blade 43 that contacts the material, so as to stir the reaction solution at the inlet 6 and the outlet 4 of the vessel body 2, avoid the material from settling at the inlet 6 or the outlet 4 of the vessel body 2, and improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0043] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a fixing plate 44 is fixedly provided at the upper and lower bottlenecks of the vessel body 2. The fixing plate 44 is detachably mounted on the support frame 1, and can be fixed by bolts 39. The bottom of the support frame 1 is provided with casters for walking, which facilitates pushing the reaction vessel. A second thermometer 45 is provided at the discharge port 4 of the vessel body 2 for monitoring the temperature at the discharge port 4 of the vessel body 2.

[0044] A method for operating a double-walled glass reactor includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. First, check whether each component of the reactor is installed correctly and the sealing between each component to ensure that the operation is carried out under sealed conditions.

[0046] S2. Close the discharge valve 5 at discharge port 4, open the feed port 6, and add the reaction solvent and materials, allowing the materials to enter the vessel body 2 and flow into different reaction pipes 13. Simultaneously, turn on the stirring motor 21 and adjust its speed. The stirring motor 21 drives several stirring shafts 19 to rotate simultaneously, causing the first impeller 20 to stir the materials in the reaction pipes 13, ensuring thorough mixing. At the same time, the materials enter through the cold / heat source feed port 176 and into the fluid channel 16 provided in the jacket 14. The flow is guided by the guide plate 15, causing the cold and heat sources to spiral upward and generate turbulence, which improves the efficiency of heat exchange with the materials in the reaction pipe 13; at the same time, it avoids the cold and heat sources passing directly through the jacket 14, reducing the generation of dead water areas and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the reactor. Finally, the cold and heat sources flow out from the cold and heat source outlet 18, realizing the circulation heating or cooling of the reaction solution. A vacuum is drawn through the negative pressure exhaust port 9, thereby changing the pressure inside the reactor and making the reactor reach a negative pressure state; then, according to the usage requirements, the stirring reaction can be carried out under normal pressure or negative pressure conditions.

[0047] S3. The temperature of the material in the reactor is detected by the first thermometer 10, and the pressure inside the reactor is detected by the vacuum gauge 8, thereby controlling the temperature and pressure of the reaction process to meet the experimental conditions and ensure the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0048] S4. After reacting for a period of time, open the bottom discharge valve 5 to recover the material and complete the entire experiment.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This invention provides a double-layered glass reactor and its operating method, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a vessel body 2 set on a support frame 1 for use with materials, a vessel cover 3 detachably provided on the top of the vessel body 2, and a discharge port 4 provided at the bottom of the vessel body 2;

[0051] When conducting the experiment, first close the discharge valve 5 at the discharge port 4, open the inlet 6, and add the reaction solvent and materials, allowing the materials to enter the reactor body 2 and flow into different reaction pipes 13. The materials enter through the cold / heat source inlet 176 and into the fluid channel 16 within the jacket 14. Guided by the flow guide plate 15, the cold / heat source spirals upward, generating turbulence and exchanging heat with the divided reaction pipes 13. This increases the contact area of ​​the reaction pipes 13 and reduces the distance from the pipe wall to the center, thereby accelerating the cooling or heating efficiency of the reaction solution at the center of the reactor. This provides a suitable reaction environment for the materials, allowing them to fully undergo the chemical reaction and improving the accuracy of the experimental results. The system avoids direct passage of heat and cold sources through the jacket 14, reducing the formation of stagnant water areas and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the reactor. Subsequently, the heat and cold sources flow out from the heat and cold source outlet 18, achieving circulating heating or cooling of the reaction solution. The stirring device 7 stirs the materials within the reaction pipe 13, ensuring thorough mixing. A vacuum is drawn through the negative pressure extraction port 9, changing the internal pressure of the reactor to achieve a negative pressure state. The reaction can then be carried out under normal or negative pressure conditions according to usage requirements. Furthermore, the temperature of the materials in the reactor is detected by the first thermometer 10, and the pressure inside the reactor is detected by the vacuum gauge 8, thereby controlling the temperature and pressure of the reaction process to meet the experimental requirements and ensure the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0052] After reacting for a period of time, open the discharge valve 5 at the bottom to recover the material and complete the entire experiment.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, two end caps 12 are fixed to both ends of several reaction pipes 13, and flexible guide plates 15 are fixed to the outside of the reaction pipes 13. The assembly is then tilted so that one end cap 12 enters the vessel body 2, contacting the bottom wall 11 of the vessel body 2. Simultaneously, the other end cap 12 contacts the first step 33, thus fixing the reaction pipes 13. Furthermore, a sealing strip is provided between the two end caps 12 and the wall 11 to ensure overall sealing. The first impeller 20 and the second impeller 43 are respectively positioned at the middle and end of several stirring shafts 19, and the several stirring shafts... The other end of the 19 passes through the sealed bearing 31 provided in the lower mounting plate 30, so that the stirring shaft 19 located in the center is connected to the output shaft 22. The end of the stirring shaft 19 located in the middle passes through the second gear 24, and the end of the stirring shaft 19 located on the outer side passes through the third gear 25. At the same time, the first gear 23 and the second gear 24 mesh with each other. An annular connecting block 26 is provided between the second gear 24 and the third gear 25, so that the inner teeth 27 provided on the inner side of the connecting block 26 mesh with a number of second gears 24, and the outer teeth 28 provided on the outer side of the connecting block 26 mesh with a number of third gears 25.

[0055] Subsequently, the lower mounting plate 30, along with several stirring shafts 19, is placed into the vessel body 2, allowing the stirring shafts 19 to pass through the reaction pipe 13 and extend their ends to the discharge port 4 of the vessel body 2. Simultaneously, the lower mounting plate 30 is positioned onto the second step 34, thus positioning the lower mounting plate 30 and the stirring shafts 19. Then, the upper mounting plate 29 is placed in the groove 36 at the flange 35 at the top of the vessel body 2, ensuring contact between the upper mounting plate 29 and the first protrusion 41 on the lower mounting plate 30. This prevents the reaction solution from flowing into the sealed chamber, allowing the top of the stirring shafts 19 to extend through the upper mounting plate 29 to the feed port. The second impeller 43 is placed on top of the stirring shaft 19; then the lid 3 is covered, so that the groove 36 of the flange 35 of the lid 3 corresponds to the upper mounting plate 29, thereby fixing the upper mounting plate 29. The drive shaft passes through the mounting hole 38 and connects to the stirring motor 21; finally, the two flanges 35 are clamped in the ring fixing block 37, and the bolts 39 are threaded through the mounting holes 38 on the ring fixing block 37 and connected to the nuts 40, thereby closing the lid 3. The sealing ring between the lid 3 and the body 2 is used to achieve overall closure, ensuring that the experiment is completed in a sealed state.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the stirring motor 21 is turned on, causing its drive output shaft 22 to rotate on the reactor, which in turn drives the first gear 23 and the stirring shaft 19 at the center to rotate. Since the first gear 23 meshes with the second gear 24, it drives the stirring shaft 19 in the middle to rotate. Since the internal teeth 27 and external teeth 28 of the connecting block 26 mesh with the second gear 24 and the third gear 25 respectively, they drive the stirring shaft 19 on the outer side to rotate, so that multiple stirring shafts 19 rotate simultaneously in the reactor, reducing the space required for the installation of the drive device and the cost of manufacturing.

[0058] The reaction solution and materials are fed into the reactor through the inlet 6. The second impeller 43 at the top of the stirring shaft 19 comes into contact with the reaction solution, stirring the reaction solution at the inlet 6 and preventing material from settling at the inlet 6 of the reactor body 2, thus improving the accuracy of the experimental results. The stirred reaction solution enters several reaction pipes 13 through the through holes 32 provided in the upper mounting plate 29 and the lower mounting plate 30. The second impeller 43 driven by the stirring shaft 19 comes into contact with the materials, stirring the materials in the reaction pipes 13, so that the materials in each reaction pipe 13 are fully mixed, ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results. At the same time, the reaction solution falling into the discharge port 4 is also stirred by the second impeller 43 at the bottom of the stirring shaft 19, preventing material from settling at the discharge port 4 of the reactor body 2, thus improving the accuracy of the experimental results. In addition, a second thermometer 45 is provided at the discharge port 4 to monitor the temperature at the discharge port 4 of the reactor body 2, so as to know the temperature of the reaction solution after the reaction and adjust the temperature of the cold and heat sources in time to avoid the temperature inside the reactor body 2 being too high or too low, which would affect the normal progress of the experiment.

Claims

1. A double-layered glass reactor, comprising a reactor body (2) mounted on a support frame (1) for use with materials, wherein a reactor lid (3) is detachably provided on the top of the reactor body (2), a discharge port (4) is provided at the bottom of the reactor body (2), a discharge valve (5) is provided at the discharge port (4), and a feed inlet (6), a stirring device (7), a vacuum gauge (8), a negative pressure extraction port (9), and a first thermometer (10) are provided on the reactor lid (3), characterized in that: The vessel body (2) is composed of a single-layer wall (11). Both the upper and lower ends of the vessel body (2) are provided with end caps (12) that are in contact with the wall (11). Several sets of reaction pipes (13) are provided between the end caps (12). The two ends of the reaction pipes (13) are connected to the feed inlet (6) and the discharge outlet (4) respectively. The gap between the reaction pipes (13) and the wall (11) forms a sandwich (14). The interior of the sandwich (14) is provided with spiral guide plates (15) that rise spirally. The walls (11) of the upper and lower adjacent guide plates (15) form a fluid channel (16) for the flow of cold and heat sources. The lower part of the vessel body (2) is provided with a cold and heat source feed inlet (17) that is connected to the lower discharge outlet (4) of the fluid channel (16). The upper part of the vessel body (2) is provided with a cold and heat source discharge outlet (18) that is connected to the upper discharge outlet (4) of the fluid channel (16). The stirring device (7) includes several stirring shafts (19) rotatably disposed in the reaction pipe (13). Each stirring shaft (19) is provided with a first blade (20) that contacts the material. The stirring device (7) also includes a stirring motor (21) disposed on a support frame (1) and an output shaft (22) rotatably connected to the lid (3). The stirring motor (21) and the output shaft (22) are connected by a coupling. The output shaft (22) drives several stirring shafts (19) to rotate simultaneously in the reaction pipe (13). The stirring shaft (19) located at the center is connected to the output shaft (22). The end of the output shaft (22) is provided with a first gear (23). The ends of the stirring shaft (19) located in the middle are provided with second gears (24) that mesh with the first gears (23). The ends of the stirring shaft (19) located on the outer side are provided with third gears (25). An annular connecting block (26) is provided between the third gear (25) and the second gear (24). The inner side of the connecting block (26) is provided with internal teeth (27) that mesh with several second gears (24). The outer side of the connecting block (26) is provided with external teeth (28) that mesh with several third gears (25).

2. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the vessel body (2) is provided with an upper mounting plate (29) and a lower mounting plate (30). The sealed chamber formed between the upper mounting plate (29) and the lower mounting plate (30) encloses the first gear (23), the second gear (24) and the third gear (25). The lower mounting plate (30) is provided with a sealed bearing (31) that works with the stirring shaft (19). The upper mounting plate (29) and the lower mounting plate (30) are provided with several through holes (32) around their perimeter. The through holes (32) are respectively connected to the feed inlet (6) and the reaction pipe (13).

3. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the vessel body (2) is provided with a first step (33) that contacts the end cover plate (12) and a second step (34) that contacts the lower mounting plate (30). The top of the vessel body (2) and the bottom of the vessel cover (3) are both provided with flanges (35). The connection between the two flanges (35) is provided with a groove (36) that contacts the upper mounting plate (29).

4. A double-layered glass reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an annular fixing block (37) that clamps the two flanges (35), the annular fixing block (37) having a number of mounting holes (38), and the bolt (39) passing through the mounting holes (38) on the two annular fixing blocks (37) and then threadedly connected to the nut (40).

5. A double-layered glass reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower mounting plate (30) is provided with a first protrusion (41) that contacts the upper mounting plate (29) and a second protrusion (42) that contacts the first gear (23).

6. A double-layered glass reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the stirring shaft (19) extend to the feed inlet (6) and discharge outlet (4) of the vessel body (2), respectively, and are provided with a second blade (43) that comes into contact with the material.

7. A double-layered glass reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower bottlenecks of the vessel body (2) are fixedly provided with fixing plates (44), which are detachably mounted on the support frame (1). A second thermometer (45) is provided at the discharge port (4) of the vessel body (2).

8. The operating method of a double-layered glass reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. First check whether each component of the vessel body (2) is installed correctly and the sealing between each component; S2. Close the discharge valve (5) at the discharge port (4), open the feed port (6), and add the reaction solvent and materials so that the materials enter the vessel body (2) and flow into different reaction pipes (13). At the same time, turn on the stirring motor (21), adjust the speed of the stirring motor (21), and drive several stirring shafts (19) to rotate simultaneously through the stirring motor (21), so that the first blade (20) stirs the materials in the reaction pipe (13). At the same time, the cold and heat source enters through the cold and heat source feed port (17) and enters the fluid channel (16) provided in the jacket (14). Through the guide plate (15), the cold and heat source spirals upward to generate turbulence and exchanges heat with the materials in the reaction pipe (13), and flows out from the cold and heat source discharge port (18) to realize the circulation heating or cooling of the reaction solution. The vacuum is drawn through the negative pressure exhaust port (9) to change the pressure inside the vessel body (2) so that the inside of the vessel body (2) reaches a negative pressure state. S3. The temperature of the material in the vessel (2) is detected by the first thermometer, and the pressure inside the vessel (2) is detected by the vacuum gauge (8); S4. After reacting for a period of time, open the discharge valve (5) at the bottom to recover the material.

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