Method and device for finishing a sheet of metal

Abstract

The application provides a metal plate finishing method, which comprises the following steps: setting an energy conversion layer composed of a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer which are stacked, then adhering the energy conversion layer on the metal plate to perform laser shaping, and directly removing the energy conversion layer after laser shaping of the metal plate, so that the phenomenon of material residues on the surface of the metal plate is avoided, and the additional process (such as a cleaning step) caused by coating the ink material of the opaque absorption layer on the surface of the metal plate is avoided, which is beneficial to the process automation of LSF. The application also provides a metal plate finishing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metal sheet processing, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for trimming metal sheets. Background Technology

[0002] Metal sheets are prone to deformation during processing, such as due to the cutting process of CNC machine tools. This deformation affects the structural stability and strength of the metal sheet, which are crucial for subsequent manufacturing processes. Therefore, a finishing process is necessary to restore the metal sheet to its flatness.

[0003] In existing technologies, non-destructive forming processes are used to repair deformed metal sheets. For example, laser shock forming (LSF) can correct the deformation of the metal sheet to achieve the desired flatness. LSF is a technology that uses the force effect of laser-induced high-amplitude shock waves to induce plastic deformation in the sheet. LSF technology effectively overcomes the springback problem during sheet forming and improves the fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance of the sheet. However, in traditional LSF, material residue remains on the surface of the metal sheet after repair, requiring an additional cleaning step, which not only increases costs but also hinders the automation of the LSF process.

[0004] Therefore, how to avoid material residue on the surface of metal sheets when using LSF for finishing, so as to facilitate the automation of the LSF process, is a problem that existing manufacturers urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a method and apparatus for trimming metal sheets, which can avoid the occurrence of material residue on the surface of the metal sheet when trimming it using LSF, thereby facilitating the automation of the LSF process.

[0006] This application provides a method for trimming metal sheets, including:

[0007] Place the metal sheet on the loading platform;

[0008] An energy conversion layer is provided, the energy conversion layer comprising a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer stacked together;

[0009] The energy conversion layer is attached to the surface of the metal plate facing away from the loading platform, wherein the opaque absorption layer is located between the transparent constraint layer and the metal plate; and

[0010] A laser is irradiated onto the energy conversion layer from the side away from the metal plate to shape the metal plate.

[0011] In the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, after the step of placing the metal sheet on the loading platform, the method further includes:

[0012] Obtain the deformation data of the metal sheet; and

[0013] Adjust the laser parameters based on the deformation data.

[0014] In the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, the step of obtaining deformation data of the metal sheet includes:

[0015] The metal sheet is irradiated with parallel strip laser beams;

[0016] Acquire a diffuse reflection image of the metal sheet; and

[0017] Deformation data of the metal sheet is obtained from the diffuse reflection image.

[0018] In the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, the step of adjusting the laser parameters according to the deformation data includes:

[0019] The metal sheet is partitioned according to the diffuse reflection image; and

[0020] Based on the deformation data of different areas of the metal sheet, the parameters of the laser required for shaping are set.

[0021] In the metal sheet finishing method provided in this application embodiment, the energy conversion layer includes:

[0022] Provide a transparent constraint layer;

[0023] The opaque absorption layer is formed on one surface of the transparent constraint layer by spin coating.

[0024] In the metal sheet finishing method provided in this application embodiment, during the spin coating process, the transparent constraint layer is also vibrating in the vertical direction.

[0025] In the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, before the step of placing the metal sheet on the loading platform, the method further includes:

[0026] A loading platform is provided, the loading platform including a cavity, the cavity being covered with a cover plate made of an elastic material, the cover plate being used to place the metal sheet; and

[0027] Inflate the cavity with air.

[0028] In the metal sheet finishing method provided in this application embodiment, the thickness of the transparent constraint layer is 4.5-5.5 mm, the thickness of the opaque absorption layer is 95-105 μm, the material of the transparent constraint layer is glass, and the material of the opaque absorption layer is black ink.

[0029] This application also provides a metal sheet trimming device, comprising:

[0030] A loading platform for placing metal sheets; and

[0031] An energy conversion layer is located on the carrier platform, and the energy conversion layer includes a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer stacked together.

[0032] In the metal sheet trimming device provided in this application embodiment, the loading platform includes a cavity, and a cover plate is provided on the cavity. The cover plate is made of elastic material and is used to place the metal sheet. The cavity is used to inflate.

[0033] In the metal sheet finishing method and finishing apparatus of this application, an energy conversion layer composed of a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer stacked together is set, and then the energy conversion layer is attached to the metal sheet for laser finishing. After the metal sheet is laser finished, the energy conversion layer is directly removed, thereby avoiding the occurrence of material residue on the surface of the metal sheet and avoiding the addition of additional processes (such as cleaning steps) caused by applying ink material of the opaque absorption layer to the surface of the metal sheet, which is beneficial to the automation of LSF process. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for trimming metal sheets according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first sub-process of the metal sheet trimming method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fabrication of the energy conversion layer.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the metal sheet trimming method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second sub-process of the metal sheet trimming method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the third sub-process of the metal sheet trimming method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the metal sheet trimming method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the metal sheet trimming device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0043] Repair device 100

[0044] Cargo Platform 10

[0045] Cavity 101

[0046] Cover plate 11

[0047] Metal sheet 30

[0048] Air intake 103

[0049] Vent 105

[0050] Energy Conversion Layer 20

[0051] Transparent constraint layer 21

[0052] Opaque absorption layer 23

[0053] 200 support platform Detailed Implementation

[0054] To better understand the purpose, features, and advantages of this application, a detailed description of the application is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application; the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.

[0055] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. It should be noted in the description of this application that "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0057] The following will describe some embodiments of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first process of a metal sheet trimming method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the metal sheet trimming method provided in the embodiments of this application includes the following steps:

[0059] Step S101: Place the metal sheet on the loading platform.

[0060] It should be noted that in step S101, the loading platform can be a regular material-carrying platform. During the subsequent shaping process, the metal sheet remains placed on the loading platform.

[0061] Step S102: Provide an energy conversion layer, which includes a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer stacked together.

[0062] It should be noted that many factors affect the final forming of LSF, including the material of the opaque absorption layer, the thickness of the opaque absorption layer, the material of the transparent constraint layer, the thickness of the transparent constraint layer, laser parameters, and the thickness of the metal sheet.

[0063] Please refer to Tables 1 to 4. Table 1 is a statistical table showing the influence of the color of the opaque absorption layer on the amount of deformation trimming; Table 2 is a statistical table showing the influence of the thickness of the opaque absorption layer on the amount of deformation trimming; Table 3 is a statistical table showing the influence of the material of the transparent constraint layer on the amount of deformation trimming; and Table 4 is a statistical table showing the influence of the thickness of the transparent constraint layer on the amount of deformation trimming.

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Table 1

[0067] Table 1 shows the effect of adjusting the color of the opaque absorption layer on the deformation trimming amount when other process parameters are the same. It should be noted that experiments 1 to 3 in Table 1 show the effect of changing the color of the opaque absorption layer and the absorbance value of the transparent constraint layer on the deformation trimming amount when the thickness of the opaque absorption layer (80 μm) is the same. Since a lower absorbance value of the transparent constraint layer indicates that more laser light passes through the transparent constraint layer to reach the opaque absorption layer, it can be seen that, following the order of experiments 3 to 1, as the color of the opaque absorption layer gradually deepens, the amount of laser light passing through the transparent constraint layer to reach the opaque absorption layer decreases, but the deformation trimming amount increases. This indicates that the darker the color of the opaque absorption layer, the greater the corresponding deformation trimming amount. Therefore, in this embodiment, black ink is preferred as the material of the opaque absorption layer.

[0068]

[0069] Table 2

[0070] Table 2 shows the effect of adjusting the thickness of the opaque absorbent layer on the deformation trimming amount when other process parameters are the same. It should be noted that experiments 4 to 6 in Table 2 show that when the color of the opaque absorbent layer is the same (black), changing the thickness of the opaque absorbent layer does not necessarily mean that a larger thickness corresponds to a larger deformation trimming amount. Therefore, it is necessary to select an opaque absorbent layer of appropriate thickness to ensure the deformation trimming amount. Thus, in the embodiments of this application, the preferred thickness range of the opaque absorbent layer is 95μm to 105μm, specifically, the thickness of the opaque absorbent layer is 95μm, 96μm, 98μm, 100μm, 102μm, or 105μm.

[0071]

[0072] Table 3

[0073] Table 3 shows the effect of adjusting the thickness of the transparent constraint layer on the deformation correction amount when other process parameters are the same. It should be noted that experiments 7 to 9 in Table 3 show the effect of varying the thickness of the transparent constraint layer on the deformation correction amount when the color (black) and thickness (80μm) of the opaque absorption layer are the same. It can be seen that the deformation correction amount is largest when the thickness of the transparent constraint layer is 5mm, indicating that an appropriate thickness of transparent constraint layer needs to be selected to ensure the deformation correction amount. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the preferred thickness range of the transparent constraint layer is 4.5mm to 5.5mm, specifically, the thickness of the transparent constraint layer is 4.5mm, 4.6mm, 4.8mm, 5mm, 5.2mm, or 5.5mm.

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Table 4

[0077] Table 4 presents the effect of adjusting the material of the transparent constraint layer on the deformation correction amount while keeping other process parameters the same. It should be noted that experiments 10 to 12 in the table show the effect of changing the material of the transparent constraint layer (glass sheet, water flow, or resin sheet) on the deformation correction amount when the color (black) and thickness (80 μm) of the opaque absorption layer and the thickness of the transparent constraint layer are the same. It can be seen that using a glass sheet for the transparent constraint layer results in a larger deformation correction amount compared to using a resin sheet or water flow. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, a glass sheet is preferred as the material of the transparent constraint layer.

[0078] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first sub-process of a method for trimming metal sheets provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, step S102 includes the following steps:

[0079] Step S1021: Provide a transparent constraint layer.

[0080] Step S1022: The opaque absorption layer is formed on one surface of the transparent constraint layer by spin coating.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to step S1022 of the trimming method provided in the embodiments of this application is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps of step S1022 are as follows: the transparent constraint layer 21 is fixedly placed on the rotatable support platform 200, then liquid ink is applied to the surface of the transparent constraint layer 21, and then the support platform 200 rotates to drive the transparent constraint layer 21 to rotate, and the liquid ink will be evenly distributed on the surface of the transparent constraint layer 21.

[0082] It should be noted that spin coating is a coating process that relies on the centrifugal force and gravity generated when the workpiece rotates to evenly distribute paint droplets falling on the workpiece surface. The film layer formed by spin coating has good uniformity. In the embodiments of this application, the separate design of the constraint layer and absorption layer has strict structural requirements; the thickness and uniformity of the absorption layer determine the consistency of laser correction. Therefore, the opaque absorption layer formed by spin coating in the embodiments of this application has good uniformity, which helps to ensure the consistency of laser trimming, thereby improving the trimming effect of the metal sheet trimming method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0083] During the spin coating process, the transparent constraint layer also vibrates in the vertical direction, which can be achieved by vibrating the support platform to drive the vibration of the transparent constraint layer.

[0084] It should be noted that traditional spin coating methods, when used for small glass parts, can result in inconsistent uniformity for larger or irregularly shaped components due to their varying shapes. Therefore, this application improves upon the traditional spin coating method by adding vertical vibration in addition to providing centrifugal force in the planar direction. This vertical vibration provides amplitude and aids in liquid leveling during spin coating, ensuring uniform coating even on imperfectly symmetrical surfaces. This guarantees good uniformity of the opaque absorption layer formed by spin coating, contributing to consistent laser finishing and improving the finishing effect of the metal sheet finishing method provided in this application.

[0085] Step S103: Attach the energy conversion layer to the surface of the metal plate away from the loading platform, wherein the opaque absorption layer is located between the transparent constraint layer and the metal plate.

[0086] It should be noted that when the energy conversion layer is attached to the surface of the metal plate away from the platform, it is necessary to ensure that the opaque absorption layer is in close contact with the metal plate. This ensures that the shock wave released after the opaque absorption layer absorbs laser energy will not experience energy attenuation, thus guaranteeing the finishing effect on the metal plate. However, because the split design of the energy conversion layer in this embodiment does not provide sufficient adhesion, the platform needs to continuously provide an upward force to the metal plate to ensure that the metal plate and the opaque absorption layer remain in close contact at all times.

[0087] Step S104: Irradiate the energy conversion layer with a laser from the side of the energy conversion layer away from the metal plate to shape the metal plate.

[0088] It should be noted that the trimming principle of the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment is as follows: A high-energy, short-duration laser pulse is used to heat and vaporize the opaque absorption layer on the surface of the metal sheet, forming high-pressure plasma. The plasma then continues to absorb laser energy and expands rapidly. Confined by a transparent constraint layer, the extremely rapid expansion of the heated plasma in the region between the transparent constraint layer and the metal substrate surface generates extremely high pressure. This rapidly applied pressure generates a shock wave on the metal sheet, causing it to yield and deform, thereby trimming the metal sheet.

[0089] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the metal sheet trimming method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, in the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, after step S101, the method further includes:

[0090] Step S105: Obtain deformation data of the metal sheet.

[0091] Step S106: Adjust the laser parameters according to the deformation data.

[0092] It should be noted that, due to the definite size and area of ​​the metal sheet, the amount of deformation may vary in different areas. Therefore, different laser parameters are required for different areas to correct varying degrees of deformation, thereby achieving the best possible correction effect.

[0093] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second sub-process of the metal sheet trimming method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, step S105 specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] Step S1051: Irradiate the metal sheet with a parallel strip laser.

[0095] Step S1052: Obtain the diffuse reflection image of the metal plate.

[0096] Step S1053: Obtain deformation data of the metal sheet based on the diffuse reflection image.

[0097] It should be noted that, due to the uneven surface caused by the deformation of the metal sheet, the parallel strip laser beam irradiating the surface of the metal sheet results in diffuse reflection. The reflected light is received, analyzed, and calculated to obtain the height difference and shape information of the measured metal sheet, i.e., the deformation data. This application utilizes diffuse reflection flatness detection to obtain the deformation data of the metal sheet.

[0098] It should be noted that in the above steps of obtaining deformation data of metal sheets, a laser flatness measuring instrument commonly used in this field can be directly used to obtain the deformation data of metal sheets.

[0099] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third sub-process of the metal sheet trimming method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, in the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, step S106 specifically includes the following steps:

[0100] Step S1061: Divide the metal sheet into zones based on the diffuse reflection image.

[0101] Step S1062: Based on the deformation data of different areas of the metal sheet, set the parameters of the laser required for shaping.

[0102] It should be noted that in the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, the laser parameters are adjusted according to different deformation zones. For example, the deformation amount and area of ​​each region, the required laser power, and the differentiated regions can be calculated for precise processing. Furthermore, a database can be established, containing the laser parameters corresponding to different deformation amounts. Thus, when the deformation amount is obtained, the optimal laser parameters can be selected from the database to achieve the best shaping effect.

[0103] For example, in one embodiment, diffuse reflection flatness testing revealed two regions, region 1 and region 2, of the metal sheet with different deformation amounts. Region 1 has a deformation of 0.08 mm and an area of ​​2 cm². 2 The deformation in region 2 is 0.05 mm, and the area is 5 cm². 2 Therefore, the metal sheet is divided into region 1 and region 2, and N1% of the laser is output to region 1, while N2% of the laser is output to region 2. This results in region 1 and region 2 receiving laser irradiation of different energies, thus achieving different degrees of trimming in region 1 and region 2, ensuring the uniformity of the overall trimming of the metal sheet.

[0104] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the metal sheet trimming method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, in the metal sheet trimming method provided in this application embodiment, the method further includes the following steps before step S101:

[0105] Step S107: Provide a loading platform, which includes a cavity and a cover plate on the cavity. The cover plate is made of an elastic material and is used to place metal plates.

[0106] Step S108: Inflate the cavity with air.

[0107] It should be noted that, in order to ensure a tight fit between the metal sheet and the opaque absorption layer, in some embodiments, the trimming method is equipped with a special carrying platform. This platform includes a cavity covered with a cover plate made of elastic material, which is used to hold the metal sheet. The cavity is filled with gas. This not only provides an upward force to the metal sheet, ensuring a tight fit between the metal sheet and the opaque absorption layer, thus preventing energy attenuation in the shock wave released after the opaque absorption layer absorbs laser energy and ensuring the trimming effect of the metal sheet, but also achieves a balance of impact forces, preventing new deformations caused by stress differences while addressing existing deformations. This improves the trimming effect of the trimming method provided in this application embodiment, thereby facilitating the automation of LSP processes.

[0108] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a metal sheet trimming device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, this application also provides a metal sheet trimming apparatus 100, including a loading platform 10 and an energy conversion layer 20. The energy conversion layer 20 is movably placed above the loading platform 10 and can be adhered to the surface of the metal sheet 30 after the metal sheet 30 to be trimmed is placed on the loading platform 10. The energy conversion layer 20 includes a transparent constraint layer 21 and an opaque absorption layer 23 stacked together. The transparent constraint layer 21 can be made of transparent resin or transparent glass. The opaque absorption layer 23 can be made of various opaque inks, such as black ink, gray ink, etc. In some embodiments, the thickness of the transparent constraint layer 21 is 4.5 mm to 5.5 mm, and the thickness of the opaque absorption layer is 95 μm to 105 μm.

[0109] The loading platform 10 includes a cavity 101, on which a cover plate 11 is provided to seal the opening of the cavity 101. The cover plate 11 is made of an elastic material and is used to place metal plates. The cavity 101 is inflated to provide sufficient gas pressure to support the metal plates placed on the cover plate 11. The cavity 101 also includes independent air inlets 103 and air outlets 105.

[0110] It should be noted that during the trimming of the metal sheet, the cavity 101 needs to be inflated with gas, causing the cover plate 11 to undergo a certain elastic deformation. This results in a certain expansion of the volume of the cavity 101, using the gas pressure within the cavity 101 to support the metal sheet 30 to be shaped. This not only provides an upward force to the metal sheet, ensuring a tight fit between the metal sheet and the opaque absorption layer, thus preventing energy attenuation in the shock wave released after the opaque absorption layer absorbs laser energy and ensuring the trimming effect of the metal sheet; but also, during laser impact, the gas-filled cavity 101 can alleviate impact stress, achieving a balance of impact forces and preventing new deformations caused by stress differences while addressing existing deformations. This improves the trimming effect of the trimming method provided in this embodiment, thereby facilitating the automation of the LSP process.

[0111] In addition, the platform 10 also includes an air inlet 103 and an air outlet 105 communicating with the cavity 101. The air inlet 103 is used to introduce gas into the cavity 101, and the air outlet 105 is used to discharge gas from the cavity 101. In the initial stage, the air outlet 105 is blocked, and gas is introduced through the air inlet 103 to fill the cavity 101 with gas. During the subsequent shaping process, gas can be introduced through the air inlet 103 and discharged through the air outlet 105 at the same time to maintain a stable air pressure inside the cavity 101. In some embodiments, after the cavity 101 is filled with a certain amount of gas, the air inlet 103 and the air outlet 105 can also be blocked during the shaping process.

[0112] The metal sheet trimming method of this application utilizes a movable energy conversion layer. The metal sheet to be trimmed is placed on a platform, and the energy conversion layer is then attached to the metal sheet for laser trimming. This avoids the need for additional processes (such as cleaning steps) by applying ink material from an opaque absorption layer to the surface of the metal sheet. Once the ink material in the opaque absorption layer is consumed, it can be replenished. Furthermore, a parallel laser can be used to detect the flatness of the metal sheet to be trimmed, allowing for the selection of optimal laser parameters for different deformation amounts, achieving better trimming results. This metal sheet trimming method of this application can improve yield and increase production efficiency.

[0113] In the metal sheet finishing method and finishing apparatus of this application, an energy conversion layer composed of a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer stacked together is set, and then the energy conversion layer is attached to the metal sheet for laser finishing. After the metal sheet is laser finished, the energy conversion layer is directly removed, thereby avoiding the occurrence of material residue on the surface of the metal sheet and avoiding the addition of additional processes (such as cleaning steps) caused by applying ink material of the opaque absorption layer to the surface of the metal sheet, which is beneficial to the automation of LSF process.

[0114] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced within this application.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A method for trimming metal sheets, characterized in that, include: A loading platform is provided, the loading platform including a cavity, the cavity being covered with a cover plate, the cover plate being made of an elastic material; A metal sheet is placed on the cover plate, and air is injected into the cavity; The steps of acquiring deformation data of the metal sheet and adjusting laser parameters based on the deformation data include irradiating the metal sheet with a parallel strip laser, acquiring a diffuse reflection image of the metal sheet, and acquiring deformation data of the metal sheet based on the diffuse reflection image; and dividing the metal sheet into sections based on the diffuse reflection image, and setting laser parameters required for shaping based on deformation data of different regions of the metal sheet. An energy conversion layer is provided, the energy conversion layer comprising a transparent constraint layer and an opaque absorption layer stacked together, wherein the transparent constraint layer is made of glass and the opaque absorption layer is made of black ink; The energy conversion layer is attached to the surface of the metal plate away from the loading platform, wherein the opaque absorption layer is located between the transparent constraint layer and the metal plate; Laser light is irradiated onto the energy conversion layer from the side away from the metal plate to shape the metal plate; and The energy conversion layer is removed from the shaped metal plate.

2. The method for trimming metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, Providing the energy conversion layer includes: Provide a transparent constraint layer; The opaque absorption layer is formed on one surface of the transparent constraint layer by spin coating.

3. The method for trimming metal sheets according to claim 2, characterized in that, During the spin coating process, the transparent constraint layer also vibrates in the vertical direction.

4. The method for trimming metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the transparent constraint layer is 4.5-5.5 mm, and the thickness of the opaque absorption layer is 95-105 µm.

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