Drilling fixtures and drilling methods

Abstract

This application provides a drilling fixture, comprising a front drilling fixture and a back drilling fixture. The front drilling fixture includes a main body and a plurality of first drilling sleeves, which are spaced apart on the main body. The back drilling fixture includes a main body and a plurality of second drilling sleeves, which are spaced apart on the main body. Each second drilling sleeve includes a plurality of guide sleeves and a plurality of positioning sleeves. The positioning sleeves have a first positioning pin hole for a first positioning pin to pass through, and the height of the positioning sleeve relative to the upper surface of the back drilling fixture main body is adjustable. This application's technical solution can achieve high-precision positioning on the back side (i.e., uneven surface) of the target object, improving drilling accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a punching fixture and a punching method. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling refers to creating a circular or other shaped hole in a material through cutting, drilling, punching, or other processing methods. Drilling can be performed on various materials, such as composite materials. To ensure that the size, shape, and position of the resulting hole meet specific requirements, the precision requirements for drilling are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] However, when using existing drilling methods to prepare some high-precision holes (such as rivet holes), it is not possible to achieve the effect of preparing high-precision holes at a lower cost.

[0004] It should be noted that the above content is not necessarily prior art, nor is it intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a drilling fixture and a drilling method to solve or alleviate one or more of the technical problems mentioned above.

[0006] As one aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a drilling fixture, including: a front drilling fixture and a back drilling fixture; wherein:

[0007] The front-side drilling fixture includes a front-side drilling fixture body and a plurality of first-drilled bushings; wherein the plurality of first-drilled bushings are spaced apart on the front-side drilling fixture body;

[0008] The back-side drilling fixture includes a back-side drilling fixture body and a plurality of second-drilled bushings. The plurality of second-drilled bushings are spaced apart on the back-side drilling fixture body. The plurality of second-drilled bushings include a plurality of guide bushings and a plurality of positioning bushings. The positioning bushing is provided with a first positioning pin hole for a first positioning pin to pass through. The height of the positioning bushing relative to the upper surface of the back-side drilling fixture body is adjustable.

[0009] The front-side drilling fixture is used to determine the drilling position on the front side of the target object. When the target object forms a guide hole corresponding to the drilling position, the back-side drilling fixture is used to insert a first positioning pin into the guide hole through the first positioning pin hole, thereby fixing it to the back side of the target object. The second drilling bushing is used to allow the drilling workpiece to pass through and guide the drilling workpiece into the target object to form a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

[0010] Optionally, the positioning bushing further includes a positioning bushing body, an adjusting part, and a first screw hole, wherein:

[0011] The positioning bushing body includes a bushing rod and a bushing cap; wherein, one end of the bushing rod is movably located in the back hole tooling body, and the other end of the bushing rod is fixed to the bushing cap;

[0012] The adjusting part is sleeved on the sleeve rod and abuts against the sleeve cap and the main body of the back hole tooling;

[0013] The first screw hole is located on the cap;

[0014] Correspondingly, the main body of the back-side lead hole tooling is provided with a second screw hole;

[0015] The first screw hole and the second screw hole are positioned to form a channel for the bolt to pass through.

[0016] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a drilling method for drilling holes in a target object, the target object having a front and a back, the front being a flat surface and the back being an uneven surface relative to the front, the method comprising:

[0017] Based on the first punched bushing of the front-side hole-guided tooling, the punching position is determined on the front side of the target object to obtain the guide hole;

[0018] Based on the guide hole, the back hole tooling is fixed to the back of the target object; the back hole tooling is provided with a second punched bushing;

[0019] On the back of the target object, the second punching bushing guides the punching workpiece to punch a hole in the target object, so as to obtain a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

[0020] Optionally, the front-side drilling fixture is provided with a first drilling bushing, and the target object includes a first object to be assembled and a second object to be assembled; correspondingly, the method further includes:

[0021] The first punching bushing of the front-side hole-guiding tool determines the punching position on the front side of the first assembly to obtain guide holes; wherein, each guide hole corresponds one-to-one with the position of each first punching bushing.

[0022] The first and second objects to be combined are fixed to form a target object;

[0023] Using a guide hole and a back hole tooling, a hole is drilled from the back of the target object to obtain a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

[0024] Optionally, the second punched bushing includes multiple guide bushings and positioning bushings; wherein the height of the positioning bushing relative to the upper surface of the back hole tooling body is adjustable; correspondingly, based on the guide holes, fixing the back hole tooling to the back of the target object includes:

[0025] The first locating pin is inserted into the guide hole through the locating bushing to fix the back hole tooling to the back of the target object;

[0026] The relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object is adjusted by using a positioning bushing.

[0027] Optionally, the positioning bushing includes a positioning bushing body, an adjusting part, and a first screw hole; the positioning bushing body includes a sleeve rod and a sleeve cap; one end of the sleeve rod is movably located in the back hole fixture body, and the other end of the sleeve rod is fixed to the sleeve cap; the adjusting part is sleeved on the sleeve rod and abuts against the sleeve cap and the back hole fixture body; the first screw hole is located on the sleeve cap; correspondingly, the back hole fixture body is provided with a second screw hole; the first screw hole and the second screw hole are positioned correspondingly and form a channel for the bolt to pass through;

[0028] Correspondingly, adjusting the relative position between the back-side pilot hole tooling and the target object via the positioning bushing includes:

[0029] Adjust the distance between the cap and the target object by rotating the bolt so that the sleeve abuts against the target object.

[0030] Optionally, the target hole includes a first part of the target hole and a second part of the target hole;

[0031] Correspondingly, on the back side of the target object, the second drilling bushing guides the drilling workpiece to drill holes in the target object, including:

[0032] The workpiece is guided by a guide bushing to drill holes in the target object, so as to obtain the first part of the target hole;

[0033] Insert the second locating pin into the first part of the target hole;

[0034] Replace at least some of the guide bushings corresponding to the first part of the target holes with the positioning bushings to be adjusted;

[0035] Insert the third locating pin into the locating bushing to be adjusted and adjust the relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object using the locating bushing to be adjusted.

[0036] Remove the first locating pin, and guide the workpiece to drill a hole in the target object through the locating sleeve that has removed the first locating pin, thereby obtaining the second part of the target hole.

[0037] The embodiments of this application employing the above-described technical solution offer the following advantages: A guide hole is drilled on the front (flat) side of the target object using a back-side drilling fixture. Because the front side is flat, the drilled guide hole achieves high precision. Based on this, using the high-precision guide hole as a positioning reference, high-precision positioning is achieved on the back (uneven) side of the target object using a first positioning pin and a drilling bushing (guide bushing and adjustable-height positioning bushing) on ​​the back-side drilling fixture. This allows for the acquisition of a target hole coaxial with the guide hole, improving drilling accuracy. Furthermore, drilling using the drilling fixture of this embodiment reduces reliance on specialized equipment or personnel, thereby achieving high-precision hole preparation at a lower cost, reducing the cost and difficulty of drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings exemplify embodiments and form part of the specification, serving together with the textual description to explain exemplary implementations of the embodiments. The illustrated embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the claims. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals refer to similar but not necessarily identical elements.

[0039] Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the drilling fixture provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This schematic diagram illustrates the structure of the back-side hole tooling provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the back-side drilling tooling and the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 This schematic diagram illustrates the front-side hole tooling and the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This schematic diagram illustrates the back-side drilling tooling and the target object provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the drilling method according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown schematically;

[0045] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the addition of a flowchart to the drilling method according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic illustration Figure 6 Flowchart of the sub-steps in step S602;

[0047] Figure 9 Schematic illustration Figure 6 Flowchart of the sub-steps in step S604.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0049] 1. First composition

[0050] 2. Second composition

[0051] 3. Front-side drilling fixture

[0052] 4 Back-side drilling fixture

[0053] 101 guide hole

[0054] 301 front-side pilot hole fixture body

[0055] 302 First Drilled Bushing

[0056] 401 Back-side Drilling Fixture Main Body

[0057] 402 guide bushing

[0058] 403 positioning bushing

[0059] 404 bolts

[0060] 406 First Positioning Pin

[0061] 407 Second Screw Hole

[0062] 4021 positioning hole

[0063] 4022 Third Screw Hole

[0064] 4031 First locating pin hole

[0065] 4032 Adjustment Section

[0066] 4033 First Screw Hole Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other. The application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0069] First, a definition of the terminology used in this application is provided:

[0070] Drilled bushing: A device used for drilling or positioning holes in material, providing positioning and support for the hole to ensure accurate position and orientation. Drilled bushings can be made of metal or other wear-resistant materials and have an inner bore and an outer surface for interaction with tools or cutting tools.

[0071] Numerical Control (NC) machining equipment: Computer Numerical Control Machine Tools, or CNC machine tools for short. NC machining equipment is automated machining equipment that performs machining operations through a computer control system and has highly precise machining capabilities.

[0072] Composite materials: a category of materials that combine two or more different materials to obtain a synthetic material.

[0073] Secondly, to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application by those skilled in the art, the relevant technologies are described below:

[0074] When creating high-precision holes (such as rivet holes) in materials (e.g., composite materials), it is difficult to achieve precise positioning if the material surface is uneven. To obtain high-precision holes, either CNC machining equipment must be used, or highly skilled professional technicians must be selected through extensive training (requiring significant time to train employees in practical operation and select those with stable drilling skills). However, some areas located inside the product cannot be drilled using CNC machining equipment. Even for professional technicians, manual drilling carries certain risks (when there are many holes, fatigue or other factors can lead to problems such as positional deviations, hole tilting, and incorrect hole dimensions). Furthermore, both CNC machining equipment and training skilled technicians require substantial investment.

[0075] Therefore, this application provides a drilling fixture and a drilling technology solution based on the drilling fixture. In this technical solution, (1) according to the feature points of the front of the product (such as the smooth surface made by the mold), a smaller hole A1 is first drilled according to the through hole requirements of the product design using the front hole tool; (2) then, with hole A1 as the positioning reference, a back hole tool is designed according to the outer contour shape of the uneven back surface, and hole A2 is drilled using the tool; (3) due to the uneven back surface, an adjustable height positioning bushing is creatively designed, and the positioning of the uneven surface is achieved by using the positioning pin and the adjustable height positioning bushing. The final drilled hole A2 is in the same position as the center of hole A1, and hole A1 is smaller than hole A2. Hole A1 is an auxiliary positioning hole. The technical effects that this solution can achieve are: (1) designing a special tooling reduces the dependence on special equipment or personnel, thereby achieving the preparation of high-precision holes at a lower cost. It is more conducive to the promotion of composite material products (low processing cost, suitable for batch and small-batch production, enterprises do not need to spend a lot of manpower or equipment costs, making it convenient for small and medium-sized enterprises to choose). (2) When processing high-precision holes, especially when drilling holes from uneven surfaces of products, reduce or eliminate the use of CNC machining tools, and eliminate the need for professional drilling technicians, thereby reducing the cost and difficulty of drilling (dependence on professional personnel and equipment). See the following text for details.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the drilling fixture may include a front drilling fixture 3 and a back drilling fixture 4. The front drilling fixture 3 includes a front drilling fixture body 301 and a plurality of first drilling bushings 302. The plurality of first drilling bushings 302 are spaced apart on the front drilling fixture body 301. The back drilling fixture 4 includes a back drilling fixture body 401 and a plurality of second drilling bushings. The plurality of second drilling bushings are spaced apart on the back drilling fixture body 401, and each of the second drilling bushings includes a plurality of guide bushings 402 and a plurality of positioning bushings 403. The positioning bushings 403 are provided with a first positioning pin hole 4031 for a first positioning pin 406 to pass through. The height of the positioning bushing 403 relative to the upper surface of the back drilling fixture body 401 is adjustable. The front-side drilling fixture is used to determine the drilling position on the front side of the target object. When a guide hole corresponding to the drilling position is formed on the target object, the back-side drilling fixture is used to insert a first locating pin through a first locating pin hole into the guide hole, thereby fixing it to the back side of the target object. The second drilling bushing is used to allow the drilling workpiece to pass through and guide the drilling workpiece into the target object to form a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

[0078] During the drilling process, the pre-drilling fixture can play a role in positioning and guiding, and is used to determine the drilling position on the target object. The shape of the pre-drilling fixture is adapted to the shape of the target object, that is, it can be designed and manufactured according to the requirements of a specific target object. Through the pre-drilling fixture, the precise position, size and geometric features of the target hole can be obtained, so as to carry out subsequent drilling operations. The pre-drilling fixture includes a front pre-drilling fixture 3 and a back pre-drilling fixture 4. Among them: (1) Front pre-drilling fixture 3: The shape of the main body 301 of the front pre-drilling fixture can be adapted to the outer contour of the front of the target object, such as a strip plate, an arc plate, a circular plate, etc., which are not limited here. The main body 301 of the front pre-drilling fixture can be provided with multiple limiting blocks so that when the drilling position is determined according to the front pre-drilling fixture, the front pre-drilling fixture can be correctly fixed on the target object. (2) Back pre-drilling fixture 4: The shape of the back pre-drilling fixture 4 is adapted to the outer contour of the back of the target object, such as a strip plate, an arc plate, a circular plate, etc., which are not limited here. If the target object has interfering parts such as ribs, then when making the back hole fixture 4, it is necessary to avoid the interfering parts in order to adapt to the target object. In some embodiments, the material of the front hole fixture body 301 or the back hole fixture body 401 can be aluminum or 45# steel, etc., which is not limited here.

[0079] Locating pins are used to properly align and fix the back-side pilot hole fixture and the target object. The locating pin can be cylindrical or other shapes. By inserting the first locating pin 406 through the first locating pin hole 4031 of the punched bushing into the guide hole 101 of the target object, the back-side pilot hole fixture and the target object can be initially aligned, positioned, and fixed, ensuring the accuracy and stability of both during fixing.

[0080] A punching bushing can be a device used to guide, support, or hold the position of a punching tool (which can be a punch or a cutting tool) to ensure accurate hole placement. The punching bushing can be sleeve-shaped, and the diameter and shape of the hole inside the punching bushing can be matched with the punching tool to be used. The number of punching bushings can be selected according to the actual situation, such as 21, and multiple punching bushings can be evenly distributed on the hole-making body (front or back) according to a certain arrangement rule. The punching bushing can include a guide bushing 402 and a positioning bushing 403. Among them: (1) The guide bushing 402 is provided with a guide bushing body, a positioning hole 4021, and a third screw hole 4022. Among them: the guide bushing body includes a sleeve rod and a sleeve cap, and one end of the sleeve rod is fixed to the sleeve cap. The positioning hole is located in the positioning bushing body, and the positioning hole can be used to guide, support, or hold the punching tool (which can be a punch or a cutting tool) so that the punching tool can punch correctly at a precise position. The third screw hole is located on the cap. The number of third screw holes can be multiple, such as 2 or 4, and is not limited here. The shape of the third screw hole is adapted to the second bolt, such as being circular. Correspondingly, the back hole tooling body 401 is provided with a fourth screw hole. The third screw hole and the fourth screw hole are positioned to form a channel, which is used for the bolt to pass through. (2) The positioning bushing 403 is provided with a first positioning pin hole 4031, which is used for the first positioning pin 406 to pass through. The shapes of the first positioning pin hole 4031 and the first positioning pin 406 are adapted to each other. By inserting the first positioning pin 406 into the guide hole 101 through the first positioning pin hole 4031, the back hole tooling 4 can be fixed and correctly aligned with the target object.

[0081] In some embodiments, the material of the first or second punched bushing may be wear-resistant materials such as tool steel (e.g., P20), carbon steel, polytetrafluoroethylene, or bronze, and no limitation is made herein.

[0082] The target object is the object that needs to be drilled, and its material can be a composite material. The front of the target object is flat, while the back is uneven compared to the front. If the target object is made using a mold, the front can be a smooth surface created by the mold.

[0083] The workpiece to be drilled can be a mechanical tool (such as a drill bit or drilling machine), a CNC machine tool, a punching machine, a laser cutting equipment, or other equipment suitable for creating holes.

[0084] In an exemplary application, the process of drilling a hole in a target object using a pre-drilling fixture can be as follows: The front pre-drilling fixture 3 is placed on the front of the target object to determine the drilling position. The target object is then drilled using a drilling workpiece. If a guide hole 101 corresponding to the drilling position is formed on the target object, the back pre-drilling fixture 4 is placed on the back of the target object. Since the back of the target object is uneven, to achieve high-precision positioning on the uneven surface and obtain a high-precision hole, the following operations can be performed: A first positioning pin 406 is inserted into the guide hole 101 via a first positioning pin hole 4031 on the back pre-drilling fixture 4, thereby quickly achieving initial alignment and fixation between the back pre-drilling fixture 4 and the target object. Based on this, the back pre-drilling fixture 4 is leveled using an adjustable-height positioning sleeve 403 to reduce the impact of the uneven surface on hole machining. Then, the target object is drilled by passing a drilling workpiece through a second drilling sleeve on the back pre-drilling fixture 4 to form a target hole coaxial with the guide hole 101. It should be noted that the radius of the target hole is larger than that of the guide hole 101.

[0085] In this embodiment, a guide hole is drilled on the front (flat) side of the target object using a back-side drilling fixture. Because the front side is flat, the drilled guide hole has high precision. Based on this, using the high-precision guide hole as a positioning reference, high-precision positioning is achieved on the back (uneven) side of the target object using a first positioning pin and the drilling bushings (guide bushing and adjustable-height positioning bushing) on ​​the back-side drilling fixture. This allows for the acquisition of a target hole coaxial with the guide hole, improving the accuracy of the acquired target hole. Furthermore, drilling using the drilling fixture of this embodiment reduces reliance on specialized equipment or personnel, thereby achieving high-precision hole preparation at a lower cost, reducing the cost and difficulty of drilling.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, the positioning bushing 403 may further include a positioning bushing body, an adjusting part 4032, and a first screw hole 4033, wherein: the positioning bushing body includes a sleeve rod and a sleeve cap; wherein one end of the sleeve rod is movably located in the back hole tooling body 401, and the other end of the sleeve rod is fixed to the sleeve cap. The adjusting part 4032 is sleeved on the sleeve rod and abuts against the sleeve cap and the back hole tooling body 401. The first screw hole 4033 is located on the sleeve cap. Correspondingly, the back hole tooling body 401 is provided with a second screw hole 407. wherein the first screw hole 4033 and the second screw hole 407 are positioned correspondingly and form a channel for the bolt 404 to pass through.

[0087] The height of the adjusting part 4032 can be changed according to the pressure it receives. Specifically, the greater the pressure on the adjusting part 4032, the smaller the height of the adjusting part 4032 will be. The adjusting part 4032 can be an elastic object such as a spring pad. In addition, the adjusting part 4032 can also be: (1) a hydraulic cylinder: which adjusts the length of the rod by hydraulic pressure to provide precise length control. (2) a pneumatic cylinder: which uses gas pressure to control the length of the rod. (3) a screw device: which uses the rotational motion of a screw thread to adjust the length. (4) a telescopic rod: which is composed of multiple nestable parts and can be extended and retracted to change its length.

[0088] The first screw hole 4033 can be circular in shape, and there can be multiple first screw holes 4033, such as 2 or 4. It should be noted that the number, size, and position of the first screw holes 4033 and the second screw holes 407 must correspond to each other so that bolts can pass through.

[0089] In an exemplary application, if it is necessary to adjust the height of the positioning bushing 403 relative to the target object (e.g., to reduce it), the bolts located on the cap can be tightened to move the main body of the positioning bushing downward, thereby compressing the adjusting part 4032 and reducing the height of the adjusting part 4032, thereby changing the height of the positioning bushing 403 relative to the target object, that is, adjusting the distance between the cap and the target object.

[0090] In the above optional embodiments, the adjustable height positioning bushing ensures that the back hole tooling can be leveled even on uneven surfaces, thereby determining the position of the target hole based on the leveled back hole tooling and improving the accuracy of target hole positioning.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the drilling method according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown schematically.

[0093] like Figure 6 As shown, the drilling method uses the drilling fixture described in Embodiment 1 to drill holes in the target object. The target object has a front and a back. The front is a flat surface, and the back is an uneven surface relative to the front.

[0094] The method may include steps S600 to S604, wherein:

[0095] Step S600: Based on the first punched bushing of the front-side pilot hole tooling, determine the punching position on the front side of the target object to obtain the guide hole.

[0096] Step S602: Based on the guide hole, fix the back hole tooling to the back side of the target object; the back hole tooling is provided with a second punched bushing.

[0097] Step S604: On the back side of the target object, the second punching bushing guides the punching workpiece to punch a hole in the target object to obtain a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

[0098] The drilling method provided in this embodiment, when drilling a target object with an uneven surface, firstly drills a guide hole on the front side (i.e., the flat surface) of the target object based on the first drilling bushing of the front-side pilot hole fixture. Since the front side is flat, the drilled guide hole has high precision. Then, using the high-precision guide hole as a positioning reference, a hole is drilled on the back side (i.e., the uneven surface) of the target object through the second drilling bushing of the back-side pilot hole fixture to obtain the target hole, thereby improving the precision of the obtained target hole.

[0099] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 7, the front-side drilling fixture is equipped with a first punched bushing. The target object includes a first object to be assembled and a second object to be assembled. The method further includes:

[0100] Step S700: Using the first punching bushing of the front-side hole tooling, the punching position is determined on the front side of the first composite material to be assembled, so as to obtain the guide hole; wherein, each of the guide holes corresponds one-to-one with the position of each of the first punching bushings.

[0101] Step S702: Fix the first and second compositions to be assembled to form the target object.

[0102] Step S704: Using the guide hole and the back hole tooling, a hole is drilled from the back of the target object to obtain a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

[0103] If two objects (i.e., the first object to be assembled 1 and the second object to be assembled 2) need to be riveted together to form a single object, and the front of the first object to be assembled will contact the second object to be assembled, then when drilling holes in both, the size, position, and number of holes drilled in the riveting area must correspond to each other. Therefore, the drilling position can be determined first on the front of the first object to be assembled based on the front pre-drilling fixture 3 to obtain the guide hole. Then, the first and second objects to be assembled are fixed into the target object. After fixing, the back pre-drilling fixture is fixed on the back of the first object to be assembled, and the target hole coaxial with the guide hole 101 is obtained based on the guide hole, thereby completing the joint drilling of the first and second objects to be assembled.

[0104] In the above optional embodiments, the corresponding riveting holes (i.e. target holes) can be quickly and accurately obtained in the riveting area of ​​the two parts to be assembled according to the front hole tooling and the back hole tooling, so that the two parts to be assembled can be quickly fixed according to the riveting holes in the future.

[0105] In order to accurately fix the back hole tooling 4 to the back of the target object according to the guide hole 101 and achieve precise positioning, the following optional embodiments are provided.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the second punched bushing includes multiple guide bushings and positioning bushings, wherein the height of the positioning bushing relative to the upper surface of the back hole tooling body is adjustable. Figure 8 As shown, step S602 may include:

[0107] In step S800, the first positioning pin is inserted into the guide hole through the positioning sleeve to fix the back hole fixture on the back of the target object.

[0108] Step S802: Adjust the relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object by using the positioning bushing.

[0109] In an exemplary application, a locating pin is inserted into the guide hole 101 via a locating sleeve 403 to initially fix the back hole fixture 4 to the back of the target object. At this time, because the back surface is uneven, it is difficult to achieve precise positioning using the back hole fixture 4. Therefore, to achieve precise positioning, the back hole fixture 4 can be leveled using the adjustable-height locating sleeve 403, that is, the relative position between the back hole fixture and the target object can be adjusted using the locating sleeve. Specifically: the height of the locating sleeve 403 relative to the surface of the back hole fixture is adjusted so that the sleeve of the locating sleeve 403 contacts the upper surface of the target object.

[0110] In the above optional embodiments, the back hole fixture is first fixed to the back of the target object with a positioning pin, and then the back hole fixture is leveled with an adjustable height positioning bushing so that high-precision positioning can be achieved according to the leveled back hole fixture.

[0111] The following describes how to level the back lead hole tool 4 using the positioning bushing 403.

[0112] In an optional embodiment, the positioning bushing includes a positioning bushing body, an adjusting part, and a first screw hole. The positioning bushing body includes a sleeve rod and a sleeve cap. One end of the sleeve rod is movably located in the back hole fixture body, and the other end of the sleeve rod is fixed to the sleeve cap. The adjusting part is sleeved on the sleeve rod and abuts against the sleeve cap and the back hole fixture body. The first screw hole is located on the sleeve cap, and correspondingly, the back hole fixture body has a second screw hole. The first screw hole and the second screw hole are positioned to form a channel for the bolt to pass through. Step S802 may include: adjusting the distance between the sleeve cap and the target object by rotating the bolt, so that the sleeve rod abuts against the target object.

[0113] In some embodiments, after adjusting the distance between the cap and the target object by rotating the bolt, i.e., after leveling the back hole tooling, in order to further fix the back hole tooling and the target object so that the target object can be stably drilled based on the back hole tooling, the following two fixing methods are provided: (1) When the edges of the back hole tooling and the target object can be fixed by clamps, the back hole tooling is fixed to the back of the target object by clamps such as C-clamps. C-clamps are objects used to provide temporary clamping and fixing. By squeezing the two sides of the C-clamps, they are opened or closed, thereby clamping the back hole tooling and the target object. (2) When the edges of the back hole tooling and the target object cannot be fixed by clamps, an adhesive object is provided in the gap between the back hole tooling and the target object to temporarily fix the back hole tooling to the back of the target object. The adhesive object can be used to quickly fix and temporarily bond the back hole tooling and the target object, and the adhesive object can be a temporary adhesive material such as hot melt glue or glue stick. Hot melt adhesive is a thermoplastic adhesive that can be heated and liquefied using a hot melt glue gun or glue gun, and then extruded for bonding, fixing, and attaching various objects. The back-side hole fixture is temporarily fixed to the back side of the target object using the two methods described above, allowing for quick separation of the back-side hole fixture and the target object without damaging their surfaces.

[0114] In the above optional embodiments, by adjusting (e.g., tightening) the bolt inserted into the first screw hole on the positioning bushing, the distance between the cap and the target object can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object, and thus quickly and accurately leveling the back hole tooling.

[0115] After fixing the back hole tooling to the back of the target object, holes can be drilled on the target object according to the guide holes and the back hole tooling. The specific steps for obtaining the target holes are described below.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, the target hole includes a first portion of the target hole and a second portion of the target hole. For example... Figure 9 As shown, step S604 may include:

[0117] In step S900, the workpiece is guided by the guide bushing to drill holes in the target object to obtain the first part of the target hole.

[0118] Step S902: Insert the second positioning pin into the first part of the target hole.

[0119] Step S904: Replace at least a portion of the guide bushings corresponding to the first part of the target hole with the positioning bushing to be adjusted.

[0120] Step S906: Insert the third positioning pin into the positioning bushing to be adjusted and adjust the relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object using the positioning bushing to be adjusted.

[0121] Step S908: Remove the first positioning pin and guide the workpiece to drill a hole in the target object through the positioning sleeve of the removed first positioning pin to obtain the second part of the target hole.

[0122] For example, the specific steps for guiding the workpiece to drill holes in the target object using the second drilling bushing are as follows: When guiding the workpiece to drill holes using the second drilling bushing, since the positioning bushing 403 in the second drilling bushing has already inserted the corresponding positioning pin, it is not possible to guide the workpiece to drill holes in the target object using the positioning bushing 403. Therefore, the workpiece can be guided to drill holes (such as rivet holes, pin holes, etc.) in the target object first using the guide bushing 402 to obtain the first part of the holes. After drilling the first part of the holes, it is necessary to replace the positioning point of the back hole tooling 4, that is, to drill holes at the position corresponding to the positioning bushing. Specifically: a second positioning pin corresponding to the hole diameter can be inserted into the drilled first part of the holes to maintain the relative position of the back hole tooling and the target object. Then, at least part of the guide bushing 402 of the first part of the target holes is replaced with the positioning bushing 403 to be adjusted, and a positioning pin with the corresponding hole diameter is placed on the positioning bushing 403 to be processed. The relative position between the back hole fixture and the target object is adjusted by adjusting the positioning bushing to further level the back hole fixture 4. After leveling the back hole fixture 4, drilling can begin on the target object to obtain the second part of the target hole, that is, drilling the positioning point corresponding to the first positioning pin. Specifically, the first positioning pin can be removed first, and the positioning bushing from which the first positioning pin is removed can be used to guide the drilling workpiece to drill the target object to obtain the second part of the hole.

[0123] In the above optional embodiments, by cooperating with the positioning pins (first, second, and third positioning pins), the guide sleeve, and the positioning sleeve, a high-precision positioning of the target hole coaxial with the guide hole can be achieved on the back side (i.e., uneven surface) of the target object, thereby obtaining the corresponding target hole and improving the accuracy of the obtained target hole.

[0124] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0125] For ease of description, directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right," "horizontal, vertical, horizontal," and "top, bottom" generally indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner or outer contours relative to the components themselves. For example, if a device in the drawings is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures will subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0126] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0127] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0128] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0129] It should also be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," or "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this application.

[0130] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0131] It should also be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made using the content of this application’s specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A punching fixture, characterized in that, include: Front-side hole fixture (3) and back-side hole fixture (4); wherein: The front-side drilling fixture (3) includes a front-side drilling fixture body (301) and a plurality of first-drilled bushings (302); wherein the plurality of first-drilled bushings (302) are spaced apart on the front-side drilling fixture body (301); The back hole tooling (4) includes a back hole tooling body (401) and a plurality of second punched bushings. The plurality of second punched bushings are spaced apart on the back hole tooling body (401). The plurality of second punched bushings include a plurality of guide bushings (402) and a plurality of positioning bushings (403). The positioning bushing (403) is provided with a first positioning pin hole (4031) for a first positioning pin (406) to pass through. The height of the positioning bushing (403) relative to the upper surface of the back hole tooling body (401) is adjustable. The front hole tooling (3) is used to determine the drilling position on the front of the target object. When the target object forms a guide hole (101) corresponding to the drilling position, the back hole tooling (4) is used to insert the first positioning pin (406) into the guide hole (101) through the first positioning pin hole (4031) to fix the back of the target object. The second drilling bushing is used to allow the drilling workpiece to pass through and guide the drilling workpiece into the target object to form a target hole coaxial with the guide hole (101). The target object has a front and a back. The front is a flat surface, and the back is an uneven surface relative to the front. The front hole tooling (3) is placed on the front of the target object to determine the drilling position on the front of the target object. The back hole tooling (4) is placed on the back of the target object, and the first positioning pin (406) is inserted into the guide hole (101) through the first positioning pin hole (4031) on the back hole tooling (4).

2. The punching fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning bushing (403) also includes a positioning bushing body, an adjusting part (4032), and a first screw hole (4033), wherein: The positioning bushing body includes a bushing rod and a bushing cap; wherein, one end of the bushing rod is movably located in the back hole tooling body (401), and the other end of the bushing rod is fixed to the bushing cap; The adjusting part (4032) is sleeved on the sleeve rod and abuts against the sleeve cap and the back hole tooling body (401); The first screw hole (4033) is located on the cap; Correspondingly, the back hole tooling body (401) is provided with a second screw hole (407). The first screw hole (4033) and the second screw hole (407) are positioned to form a channel, which is used for the bolt (404) to pass through.

3. A drilling method, characterized in that, A method for drilling holes in a target object using a front-side drilling fixture and a back-side drilling fixture, the target object having a front and a back side, the front side being a flat surface and the back side being an uneven surface relative to the front side; the method includes: Based on the first punched bushing of the front-side hole-guided tooling, the punching position is determined on the front side of the target object to obtain the guide hole; Based on the guide hole, the back hole tooling is fixed to the back of the target object; the back hole tooling is provided with a second punched bushing; On the back of the target object, the second punching bushing guides the punching workpiece to punch a hole in the target object, so as to obtain a target hole coaxial with the guide hole; The target hole is obtained by drilling a hole on the back of the target object using the second drilling bushing of the back-side drilling tool.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front-side drilling fixture is equipped with a first drilling bushing, and the target object includes a first object to be assembled and a second object to be assembled; correspondingly, the method further includes: The first punching bushing of the front-side hole-guiding tool determines the punching position on the front side of the first assembly to obtain guide holes; wherein, each guide hole corresponds one-to-one with the position of each first punching bushing. The first and second objects to be combined are fixed to form a target object; Using a guide hole and a back hole tooling, a hole is drilled from the back of the target object to obtain a target hole coaxial with the guide hole.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second punched bushing includes multiple guide bushings and positioning bushings; wherein, the height of the positioning bushing relative to the upper surface of the back hole tooling body is adjustable; correspondingly, based on the guide holes, fixing the back hole tooling to the back of the target object includes: The first locating pin is inserted into the guide hole through the locating bushing to fix the back hole tooling to the back of the target object; The relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object is adjusted by using a positioning bushing.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning bushing includes a positioning bushing body, an adjusting part, and a first screw hole. The positioning bushing body includes a sleeve rod and a sleeve cap. One end of the sleeve rod is movably located in the back hole fixture body, and the other end of the sleeve rod is fixed to the sleeve cap. The adjusting part is sleeved on the sleeve rod and abuts against the sleeve cap and the back hole fixture body. The first screw hole is located on the sleeve cap. Correspondingly, the back hole fixture body is provided with a second screw hole. The first screw hole and the second screw hole are positioned correspondingly and form a channel for the bolt to pass through. Correspondingly, adjusting the relative position between the back-side pilot hole tooling and the target object via the positioning bushing includes: Adjust the distance between the cap and the target object by rotating the bolt so that the sleeve abuts against the target object.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The target hole includes a first part of the target hole and a second part of the target hole; Correspondingly, on the back side of the target object, the second drilling bushing guides the drilling workpiece to drill holes in the target object, including: The workpiece is guided by a guide bushing to drill holes in the target object, so as to obtain the first part of the target hole; Insert the second locating pin into the first part of the target hole; Replace at least some of the guide bushings corresponding to the first part of the target holes with the positioning bushings to be adjusted; Insert the third locating pin into the locating bushing to be adjusted and adjust the relative position between the back hole tooling and the target object using the locating bushing to be adjusted. Remove the first locating pin, and guide the workpiece to drill a hole in the target object through the locating sleeve that has removed the first locating pin, thereby obtaining the second part of the target hole.

Images