A miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling machine and its application method

Abstract

The application discloses a small-sized soil monitoring and sampling drilling machine and an application method thereof. The small-sized soil drilling machine and the drilling application thereof in loam and clay with low sandstone content can consider soil monitoring and sampling. Through the small-sized soil drilling machine, one-person operation can be realized, and the soil drilling machine is easy to move, and the soil drilling machine is convenient and fast. Different soil data parameters can be obtained in real time through the assembly of different online monitoring probes, and the availability and real-time performance of data are improved. Through the control of the drilling depth, soil samples with exact depth can be obtained, and unnecessary soil columns are avoided. Through the customization of a program of a central control system, the parallelism and the intelligentization of soil online monitoring and sampling are realized. The application can effectively reduce the operation amount, the operation time and the operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a drilling rig for soil monitoring and sampling, belonging to the field of environmental protection technology, and particularly to a miniaturized drilling rig for soil monitoring and sampling and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional soil monitoring and sampling primarily focus on the soil surface. To understand deeper soil layers, manual excavation or drilling is required. Manual excavation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, while traditional drilling rigs require open spaces and are cumbersome to move. Real-world needs necessitate the development of a miniaturized, automated soil monitoring and sampling rig to streamline manpower, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.

[0003] Patent application CN 217033081 U discloses a portable soil drill that connects a power output mechanism to a soil sampling mechanism via a hose. However, this portable soil drill can only extract soil columns and cannot collect soil samples from only a certain depth.

[0004] Patent application CN 213091213 U discloses a novel handheld soil drill, with support frames fixedly installed on both sides of the drill, a drive unit installed at the rear of the drill, and a lifting device installed under the support frames. However, this handheld soil drill cannot perform online monitoring of the soil while sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling rig and its application method that can drill into loam and clay with low sand and gravel content, penetrate deep into the soil and collect soil samples only at the required depth, and perform online monitoring of the soil while collecting soil samples.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drill includes a drill body with a rugby ball-shaped structure. The drill body includes a drill body and a drill head. Helical teeth are wound around the drill body. The drill body is divided into an upper chamber, a middle chamber, and a lower chamber by a waterproof partition. A drive system is located at the center of each of the upper, middle, and lower chambers. A supporting longitudinal shaft passes through the drive systems of each of the upper, middle, and lower chambers. A body connection cavity is provided in the upper chamber, and the body connection cavity is connected to the drill head via a snap-fit ​​structure. One end of the supporting longitudinal shaft is connected to the drill head. The middle chamber is connected to the other end of the supporting longitudinal axis, which extends to the bottom of the lower chamber. The middle chamber is equipped with at least two telescopic systems and an opening / closing system. The drilling rig body outside the middle chamber has openings matching the number of telescopic systems, and these openings are connected to side windows via the opening / closing system. The at least two telescopic systems are respectively connected to a soil sampling tube and an online monitoring instrument, which are located on one side of the side window. The lower chamber is equipped with a power system and a control system, and the control system controls the power system to provide power to all systems of the drilling rig body.

[0007] Preferably, the drive system includes a rotary drive unit, which consists of three sets respectively located at the center of the upper chamber, middle chamber and lower chamber, and a support longitudinal shaft is connected in series at the center of the three sets of rotary drives unit. Each of the three sets of rotary drives unit has a drive shaft on its outer periphery. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the rotary drive unit, and the other end of the drive shaft is connected to the inner wall of the drilling rig body.

[0008] Preferably, the drilling rig body is provided with a drilling rig cover, the width of which is less than the maximum interval between adjacent drive shafts in the three sets of drive shafts.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic system includes a fixed base, which is disposed on the inner wall of the middle section cavity of the drilling rig body. The fixed base is connected to the telescopic rod through a telescopic power instrument, and the end of the telescopic rod is connected to the soil sampling tube and the online monitoring instrument through a fixing buckle.

[0010] The opening and closing system includes a slide rail, which is mounted on a supporting longitudinal axis within the middle section of the drilling rig body. The slide rail is connected to one end of a connecting rod via a sliding base, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to a side window. The sliding base slides on the slide rail, causing the connecting rod to move and link the side window with an opening on the drilling rig body, thus achieving the opening and closing operation. The side window and the opening are connected for opening and closing, and the opening is equipped with a waterproof curtain.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the lower chamber is provided with a sensing system, which includes a pressure sensor, a direction sensor and a displacement sensor. The pressure sensor, direction sensor and displacement sensor are used to monitor the pressure on the bottom of the drilling rig body, the detection direction of the drilling rig body and the detection depth of the drilling rig body, respectively, and feed the signals back to the computer terminal for subsequent decision-making.

[0012] Preferably, the power system includes a battery that is connected around the support longitudinal shaft, and the battery provides power to various systems of the drilling rig body through internal power transmission lines; The control system includes a central processing unit (CPU), a memory, and a signal receiver. The CPU, memory, and signal receiver are mounted on the supporting longitudinal axis of the lower chamber, and the CPU and memory are respectively connected to a rotary drive, a telescopic power unit, an online monitoring unit, a sliding base, a pressure sensor, a direction sensor, and a displacement sensor via internal data transmission lines. The CPU receives commands and controls the drilling rig's operation, sampling, and monitoring. The memory stores commands and various data generated during operation, sampling, and monitoring. The signal receiver receives the signal indicating the start of the drive system. The upper chamber is provided with a transfer socket and a USB female port below the body connecting cavity; the transfer socket and the USB female port are respectively connected to the internal power transmission line and the internal data transmission line wound on the support longitudinal axis; The terminal system includes a computer terminal. The memory is connected to the computer terminal via an internal data transmission line through a USB female port. The computer terminal transmits automatic operation command programs to the memory via the USB female port. The computer terminal provides instruction input with a visual interface for online monitoring and data display, facilitating real-time awareness of the drilling rig status and timely adjustments. The signal receiver feeds back the received terminal control signals to the central processing unit, which controls the operation, sampling, and monitoring of the drilling rig.

[0013] Preferably, the drill head is a drill head sealing head or a drill head external power supply head. Both the drill head sealing head and the drill head external power supply head include a head cavity and a head connector. The head connector is connected to the body connection cavity inside the drill body through a snap-fit ​​structure. The snap-fit ​​structure includes a body connection snap provided on the inner walls of the insert on both sides of the body connection cavity and a head connection slot provided on both sides of the head connector. The drill body is connected to the head connector slot on the head connector of the drill head through the body connection snap of the body connection cavity. An external power mechanism is installed inside the drill head external power supply head. The external power mechanism is connected to the internal power transmission line and provides power to the internal power transmission line through the external power mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the external power mechanism includes a traction system and a power supply plug; the traction system includes an external power transmission line and an external data transmission line, which are covered by a traction hose; one end of the traction hose is inserted into the head cavity of the external power supply head of the drilling rig, and the external power transmission line and external data transmission line in the head cavity are connected to the internal power transmission line and internal data transmission line wound on the support longitudinal axis through the power transmission mechanism and data transmission mechanism, respectively; the external power transmission line at the other end of the traction hose is connected to an external power source through the power supply plug to provide continuous power; the external data transmission line at the other end of the traction hose is connected to a computer terminal.

[0015] Preferably, the power transmission mechanism includes a power cord, and the external power transmission line of the traction hose inside the head cavity is connected to a transfer plug via the power cord. The transfer plug is connected to a transfer socket in the upper cavity to provide external power to the internal power transmission line. The data connection mechanism includes a data line, and the external data transmission line of the traction hose inside the head cavity is connected to a USB male port via the data line. The USB male port is connected to a USB female port in the upper cavity to transmit data with the internal data transmission line.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for applying a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig, the steps of which are as follows: When used on an external terminal system, the following steps are included: S1: Investigate the site to determine that there is no cement hardening layer on the site surface and that the soil is clay and loam with low sand and gravel content. S2: Select an external terminal system or not; When using the external terminal system, the external power transmission line of the traction hose inside the head cavity of the drilling rig's external power head is connected to a transfer plug via a power cord. This transfer plug connects to a transfer socket in the upper cavity to provide external power to the internal power transmission line. The external data transmission line of the traction hose inside the head cavity of the drilling rig's external power head is connected to a USB male port via a data cable. This USB male port connects to a USB female port in the upper cavity to transmit data with the internal data transmission line. The drilling rig body is connected to the head connection slot on the head connector of the external power head via a body connection buckle in the body connection cavity. The external power transmission line at the other end of the traction hose is connected to an external power source via a power plug to provide continuous power. The external data transmission line at the other end of the traction hose connects to a computer terminal. The computer terminal provides command input via a visual interface for online monitoring and data display, facilitating real-time awareness of the drilling rig's status and timely adjustments. When not using an external terminal system, the computer terminal transmits the automatic operation command program to the memory via the USB female port; after installing the drilling rig sealing head, the automatic program inside the drilling rig body begins to run; S3: Vertically place the drilling rig body at the sampling point; control the drilling rig body to rotate using a computer terminal; the real-time status of the drilling rig body is displayed on the computer terminal; S4: When the designated depth is reached, the computer terminal controls the drilling rig to stop rotating; if soil is being sampled, the control opens the side window corresponding to the soil sampling tube, extends the soil sampling tube, controls the extension length to collect a soil sample of the corresponding length, and removes the soil sample; then the soil sampling tube is retracted and the corresponding side window is closed. If monitoring soil, open the corresponding side window of the online monitoring instrument, extend the online monitoring instrument, and remove the online monitoring instrument; after the computer terminal obtains the monitoring index data, retract the online monitoring instrument and close the corresponding side window; if sampling and monitoring at other depths are required, repeat the steps. S5: During operation, the pressure sensor of the sensing system is located at the bottom of the drilling rig, monitoring the pressure when the rig contacts the soil in real time to prevent damage to the rig due to excessive soil sediment. Direction and displacement sensors monitor the drilling rig's rotation status in real time to accurately control the drilling direction and depth.

[0017] If the pressure sensor or direction sensor in the lower chamber of the drilling rig exceeds the expected value in real time, it will send a signal to the computer to stop the work and end the drilling mission. S6: After the drilling rig successfully completes the descent task or terminates the descent task in advance, control the drilling rig body to rotate and rise in the opposite direction. Alternatively, the traction hose can be used to pull to accelerate the rotation process. S7: Open the cover for maintenance and repair, then close the cover.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The miniaturized soil drilling rig involved in this invention and its drilling application in loam and clay with low sand and gravel content can take into account both soil monitoring and sampling.

[0019] 2. By miniaturizing the soil drilling rig, this invention enables single-person operation, is easy to move, and meets the practical needs of convenience and speed, effectively reducing workload, operation time, and operation costs.

[0020] 3. This invention can obtain different soil data parameters in real time by assembling different online monitoring probes, thereby improving the availability and real-time nature of the data.

[0021] 4. This invention can obtain soil samples at precise depths by controlling the drilling depth, thus avoiding the collection of unnecessary soil columns.

[0022] 5. This invention achieves parallelism and intelligence in online soil monitoring and sampling through a customized program for the central control system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side window structure of a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig proposed in this invention.

[0024] The numbers in the diagram are as follows: 1. Drilling rig body; 11. Drilling rig body; 111. Support longitudinal axis; 112. Body connecting cavity; 113. Body connecting buckle; 12. Drilling rig head; 121. Head cavity; 122. Head connector; 123. Head connecting slot; 13. Helical gear; 14. Drilling rig cover; 15. Waterproof partition; 16. Drilling rig sealing head; 2. Drive system; 21. Drive shaft; 22. Rotary drive unit; 3. Telescopic system; 31. Fixed base; 32. Telescopic power instrument; 33. Telescopic rod; 34. Supporting horizontal axis; 35. Fixing buckle; 36. Support cylinder; 371. Soil sampling cylinder; 372. Online monitoring instrument; 4. Opening and closing system; 41. Side window; 42. Sliding rail; 43. Sliding base; 44. Connecting rod; 451. Window ramp; 452. Window frame ramp; 46. Waterproof curtain; 5. Sensing system; 51. Pressure sensor; 52. Orientation sensor; 53. Displacement sensor; 6. Power system; 61. Battery; 62. Internal power transmission line; 631. Transfer plug; 632. Transfer socket; 633. Power cord; 7. Control system; 71. Central processing unit; 721. USB male port; 722. USB female port; 723. Data cable; 73. Internal data transmission line; 74. Memory; 75. Signal receiver; 8. Traction system; 81. Traction hose; 82. External power transmission line; 83. External data transmission line; 84. Tube clamp; 9. Terminal system; 91. Power plug; 92. Computer terminal; 10. Drilling rig support base. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this invention provides a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drill, comprising a drill body 1 with an oval-shaped structure. The drill body 1 includes a drill body 11 and a drill head 12. The drill body 11 is surrounded by spiral teeth 13, the spiral teeth 13 having a conical vertical surface, which loosen and displace soil to assist the drill's rotation. The spiral teeth 123 can be arranged in either clockwise or counterclockwise spirals.

[0027] The drill body 11 is divided into an upper chamber, a middle chamber, and a lower chamber by a waterproof partition 15. Each of the upper, middle, and lower chambers has a drive system 2 at its center, and a supporting longitudinal shaft 111 passes through the drive system 2. The upper chamber contains a body connecting cavity 112, which is connected to the drill head 12 via a snap-fit ​​structure. One end of the supporting longitudinal shaft 111 connects to the body connecting cavity 112, and the other end extends to the bottom of the lower chamber. The middle chamber contains at least two extension... The drilling rig body 11 outside the middle chamber has openings corresponding to the number of telescopic systems 3, and side windows 41 are connected to these openings via the opening and closing systems 4. At least two telescopic systems are respectively connected to a soil sampling tube 371 and an online monitoring instrument 372, with the soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitoring instrument 372 located on one side of the side window 41. The lower chamber houses a power system 6 and a control system 7, avoiding the necessary arrangement of the above systems and ensuring sufficient space for their arrangement to reduce interference with the necessary arrangement of other systems. The control system 7 controls the power system 6 to provide power to all systems of the drilling rig body 1.

[0028] In this invention, the drive system 2 includes three sets of rotary drive units 22, respectively located at the centers of the upper, middle, and lower chambers, which together drive the rotation of the drilling rig, thereby enabling the drilling rig to descend or ascend. A supporting longitudinal shaft 111 is connected in series at the centers of the three sets of rotary drive units 22 to fix and connect the components and enhance the mechanical strength of the drilling rig body 1. The rotary drive units 22 are arranged circumferentially on the supporting longitudinal shaft 111 at equal intervals. Each of the three sets of rotary drive units 22 has a drive shaft 21 on its outer periphery. One end of the drive shaft 21 is connected to the rotary drive unit 22 and is located on the same horizontal plane as the rotary drive unit 22; the other end of the drive shaft 21 is connected to the inner wall of the drilling rig body 11. The drilling rig body 11 is provided with a drilling rig cover 14, which is removed when the internal components need maintenance. The width of the drilling rig cover 14 is less than the maximum interval between adjacent drive shafts in the three sets of rotary drive units 22 to ensure effective connection and drive of the drive shafts to the drilling rig. Furthermore, to ensure the proper size of the drilling rig cover 14, it is advisable to use 3 or 4 rotary drive units 22.

[0029] Furthermore, in this invention, the rotation direction of the rotary drive 22 is limited by the direction of the helical teeth 13 and the desired direction. When the drilling rig descends, the direction of the rotary drive 22 and the direction of the helical teeth 13 are in the same direction; when the drilling rig ascends, the direction of the rotary drive 22 is opposite to the direction of the helical teeth 13.

[0030] To ensure the force balance of internal components during drilling rig rotation, the telescopic system 3 is arranged symmetrically and staggeredly within the drilling rig body 1. It includes a fixed base 31, which is located on the inner wall of the cavity in the middle section of the drilling rig body 11. The fixed base 31 is connected to a telescopic rod 33 via a telescopic power unit 32. The end of the telescopic rod 33 is connected to a soil sampling tube 371 and an online monitoring instrument 372 via a fixing buckle 35. Multiple telescopic systems 3 can be installed within the drilling rig, provided space allows. The fixed bases 31 of the telescopic system 3 are arranged in a circumferentially at equal intervals within the drilling rig body 1.

[0031] Furthermore, in this invention, the telescopic rod 33, the soil sampling tube 371, and the online monitoring instrument 372 are all equipped with support cylinders 36, which are connected to the inner wall of the drilling rig body 11 via a support horizontal shaft 34. The support cylinders 36 surround the soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitoring instrument 372 to prevent them from breaking due to uneven stress during drilling.

[0032] Furthermore, in this invention, one fixing buckle 35 can only connect to one soil sampler 371 or one online monitoring instrument 372. The number of soil samplers 371 and online monitoring instruments 372 can be combined according to actual needs. In actual operation, one or more target telescopic systems 3 can be selected to work.

[0033] In this invention, the opening and closing system 4 is located above and below the telescopic system 3, reducing spatial overlap with the telescopic system 3 and facilitating the arrangement of more telescopic systems 3. The opening and closing system 4 includes a slide rail 42, which is mounted on a supporting longitudinal shaft 111 within the middle section cavity of the drilling rig body 11. The slide rail 42 is connected to one end of a connecting rod 44 via a sliding base 43, and the other end of the connecting rod 44 is connected to a side window 41. The sliding base 43 slides on the slide rail 42, causing the connecting rod 44 to move, thus opening and closing the side window 41 and the opening on the drilling rig body 11. The side window 41 is connected to the opening for opening and closing, and a waterproof curtain 46 is provided on the opening.

[0034] Furthermore, in this invention, the positions of 42 are on both sides of the telescopic system 3 to avoid interfering with the normal operation of the telescopic system 3. The slide rails 42 on the supporting longitudinal axis 111 are arranged in a spiral pattern to match the corresponding side windows 41.

[0035] Furthermore, in this invention, the side window 41 adopts a trapezoidal structure, and the opening adopts a sloping structure, with the trapezoidal structure of the side window 41 matching the sloping structure of the opening. When the side window 41 is closed, the window sloping structure and the trapezoidal structure of the side window 41 fit together perfectly, and with the thrust of the connecting rod 44, the side window 41 remains airtight. When the side window 41 is open, the waterproof curtain 46 prevents groundwater from entering the drilling rig and ensures the smooth entry and exit of the soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitoring instrument 372. When groundwater still enters the drilling rig, the sealed space formed between the waterproof partitions 15 inside the drilling rig body 11 prevents water from seeping into other chambers of the drilling rig body.

[0036] The lower chamber of this invention is equipped with a sensing system 5 at its bottom to detect the characteristics of the soil below and to monitor the displacement and direction of the drilling rig. The sensing system 5 includes a pressure sensor 51, a direction sensor 52, and a displacement sensor 53. The pressure sensor 51, the direction sensor 52, and the displacement sensor 53 are used to monitor the pressure on the bottom of the drilling rig body 11, the detection direction of the drilling rig body 11, and the detection depth of the drilling rig body 11, respectively, and feed these signals back to the computer terminal 92 for subsequent decision-making.

[0037] The power system 6 in this invention includes a battery 61, which is connected around the supporting longitudinal shaft 111. The battery 61 provides power to various systems of the drilling rig body 1 through an internal power transmission line 62. Furthermore, the battery 61 in this invention can be charged in situ or disassembled for charging. When the battery energy storage decreases significantly, the battery can be replaced.

[0038] The control system 7 of this invention includes a central processing unit 71, a memory 74, and a signal receiver 75. The central processing unit 71, the memory 74, and the signal receiver 75 are mounted on the supporting longitudinal shaft 111 of the lower chamber, and the central processing unit 71 and the memory 74 are respectively connected to the rotary drive 22, the telescopic power instrument 32, the online monitoring instrument 372, the sliding base 43, the pressure sensor 51, the direction sensor 52, and the displacement sensor 53 via internal data transmission lines 73. The central processing unit 71 is used to receive instructions and control the operation, sampling, and monitoring of the drilling rig. The memory 74 is used to store instructions and various data during operation, sampling, and monitoring. Considering the attenuation of signals by the soil, the signal receiver 75 works during the automatic operation of the drilling rig, mainly receiving the start signal of the drilling rig, and the remaining actions are automatically completed by the drilling rig according to the pre-stored program.

[0039] In this invention, a transfer socket 632 and a USB female port 722 are provided below the body connecting cavity 112 of the upper chamber; the transfer socket 632 and the USB female port 722 are respectively connected to the internal power transmission line 62 and the internal data transmission line 73 wound on the supporting longitudinal shaft 111; The terminal system 9 in this invention includes a computer terminal 92. The memory 74 is connected to the computer terminal 92 via an internal data transmission line 73 and a USB female port 722. The computer terminal 92 transmits automatic operation command programs to the memory 74 via the USB female port 722. The computer terminal 92 provides command input with a visual interface for online monitoring and data display, facilitating real-time awareness of the drilling rig status and timely adjustments. The signal receiver 75 feeds back the received terminal control signals to the central processing unit 71, which controls the operation, sampling, and monitoring of the drilling rig.

[0040] The drilling head 12 in this invention adopts either a drilling rig sealed head 16 or a drilling rig external power supply head. Both the drilling rig sealed head 16 and the drilling rig external power supply head include a head cavity 121 and a head connector 122. The head connector 122 is connected to the body connection cavity 112 inside the drilling rig body 11 via a snap-fit ​​structure. The snap-fit ​​structure includes body connection snaps 113 disposed on the inner walls of the inserts on both sides of the body connection cavity 112 and head connection slots 123 disposed on both sides of the head connector 122. The drilling rig body 11 is connected to the head connector 122 via the body connection snaps 113 of the body connection cavity 112 and the head connection slots 123 of the head connector 122 of the drilling head 12. This ensures the overall integrity of the drilling rig during operation and avoids loosening and separation, which would affect the normal operation of soil monitoring and sampling.

[0041] The external power supply head of the present invention is equipped with an external power mechanism, which is connected to the internal power transmission line 62 and provides power to the internal power transmission line 62 through the external power mechanism.

[0042] The external power mechanism includes a traction system 8 and a power supply plug 91. The traction system 8 includes an external power transmission line 82 and an external data transmission line 83, which are covered by a traction hose 81. One end of the traction hose 81 is inserted into the head cavity 121 of the external power supply head of the drilling rig. The external power transmission line 82 and the external data transmission line 83 in the head cavity 121 are connected to the internal power transmission line 62 and the internal data transmission line 73 wound on the support longitudinal shaft 111 through the power transmission mechanism and the data transmission mechanism, respectively. The external power transmission line 82 at the other end of the traction hose 81 is connected to an external power source through the power supply plug 91 to provide continuous power. The external data transmission line 83 at the other end of the traction hose 81 is connected to a computer terminal 92. The traction hose 81 can be made of stainless steel. Longer traction hoses 81 can be bundled on a tube bundler 84. The free length of the traction hose 81 can be lengthened or shortened by rotating the tube bundler 84.

[0043] The power transmission mechanism includes a power line 633. The external power transmission line 82 of the traction hose 81 inside the head cavity 121 is connected to a transfer plug 631 via the power line 633. The transfer plug 631 is connected to a transfer socket 632 in the upper cavity to provide external power to the internal power transmission line 62. The data connection mechanism includes a data line 723. The external data transmission line 83 of the traction hose 81 inside the head cavity 121 is connected to a USB male port 721 via the data line 723. The USB male port 721 is connected to a USB female port 722 in the upper cavity to transmit data with the internal data transmission line 73. Commands can be transmitted from the outside to the inside of the drilling rig in real time via the data line 723 to control the drilling rig's operation.

[0044] Furthermore, to reduce power consumption, the drilling rig material in this invention is preferably selected as a lightweight, hard, and corrosion-resistant material.

[0045] Furthermore, the bottom of the drilling rig body 1 provided by the present invention is provided with a drilling rig support base 10, and the drilling rig support base 10 is provided with a groove that matches the bottom of the drilling rig body 1. When the drilling rig is not in use, the drilling rig can be placed on the drilling rig support base 10. When the drilling rig needs to be inspected and the cover needs to be opened, the drilling rig can also be placed horizontally on the drilling rig support base 10.

[0046] This invention also provides a method for applying a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig, the steps of which are as follows: When used on an external terminal system, the following steps are included: S1: Investigate the site to determine that there is no cement hardening layer on the site surface and that the soil is clay and loam with low sand and gravel content. S2: Select an external terminal system or not; When using the external terminal system, the external power transmission line 82 of the traction hose 81 inside the head cavity 121 of the drilling rig's external power head is connected to the transfer plug 631 via a power cable 633. The transfer plug 631 is connected to the transfer socket 632 in the upper chamber to provide external power to the internal power transmission line 62. The external data transmission line 83 of the traction hose 81 inside the head cavity 121 of the drilling rig's external power head is connected to the USB male port 721 via a data cable 723. The USB male port 721 is connected to the USB female port 722 in the upper chamber to connect to the internal data transmission line 73. Data transmission is performed; the drill body 11 is connected to the head connection slot 123 on the head connector 122 of the external power supply head of the drill body through the body connection buckle 113 of the body connection cavity 112; the external power transmission line 82 in the other end of the traction hose 81 is connected to an external power source through the power supply plug 91 to provide continuous power; the external data transmission line 83 in the other end of the traction hose 81 is connected to the computer terminal 92, and the computer terminal 92 provides command input with a visual interface for online monitoring and data display, so as to facilitate real-time knowledge of the drilling rig status and timely adjustment; When not using an external terminal system, the computer terminal 92 transmits the automatic operation command program to the memory 74 via the USB female port 722; after installing the drilling rig sealing head 16, the automatic program in the drilling rig body 1 begins to run. S3: Vertically place the drilling rig body 1 at the sampling point; control the drilling rig body 1 to rotate using the computer terminal 92; the real-time status of the drilling rig body 1 is displayed on the computer terminal 92; S4: When the specified depth is reached, the computer terminal 92 controls the drilling rig body 1 to stop rotating; if soil is sampled, the control opens the side window 41 corresponding to the soil sampling tube 371, extends the soil sampling tube 371, controls the extension length to collect the corresponding length of soil sample, and takes the soil sample; then the soil sampling tube 371 is retracted and the corresponding side window 41 is closed. If soil monitoring is required, the system controls the opening of the side window 41 corresponding to the online monitoring instrument 372, extends the online monitoring instrument 372, and removes the online monitoring instrument 372. After the computer terminal 92 obtains the monitoring index data, it controls the retraction of the online monitoring instrument 372 and closes the corresponding side window 41. Specifically, when soil sampling and soil monitoring are performed, the system controls the opening of the side window 41, moves the sliding base 43 on the slide rail 42 to reduce the angle between the sliding base 43 and the connecting rod 44, and opens the side window 41. When soil sampling is required, the telescopic power instrument 32 can control the extension and retraction length of the telescopic rod 33 according to the required soil sample volume, causing the soil sampling tube 371 and / or the online monitoring instrument 372 to extend from the corresponding side window 41. Then, according to the above steps, the system controls the retraction of the telescopic rod 33, causing the soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitoring instrument 372 to return to the drilling rig cavity, and controls the closing of the side window. If sampling and monitoring at other depths are required, repeat this step; S5: During operation, the pressure sensor 51 of the sensing system 5 is located at the bottom of the drill rig, monitoring the pressure when the drill rig contacts the soil in real time to prevent damage to the drill rig due to excessive soil gravel. The direction sensor 52 and displacement sensor 53 monitor the drill rig's rotation status in real time to accurately control the drilling direction and depth.

[0047] If the pressure sensor 51 or direction sensor 52 in the lower chamber of the drilling rig body 1 displays a value exceeding the expected value in real time, the signal is fed back to the computer key 92 to stop the work and end the drilling task. S6: After the drilling rig successfully completes the descent task or terminates the descent task in advance, control the drilling rig body 1 to rotate and rise in the opposite direction. Alternatively, the traction hose 81 can be used to pull to accelerate the rotation process. S7: Open the cover for maintenance and repair, then close the cover.

[0048] The following detailed description is provided with reference to specific embodiments: Example 1 The soil drilling rig of the present invention includes the following steps when in use: Based on preliminary data collection and on-site reconnaissance, sampling points were determined. It was confirmed that the sampling points had no cement-hardened surface layer, the soil was low-gravel clay or loam, and there was available power supply nearby. Therefore, the online control method using the connection terminal system 9 was chosen.

[0049] The drilling rig arrives on site, and the drilling head 12 is installed. Connect the transfer plug 631 and transfer socket 632 for power supply, and connect the USB male port 721 and USB female port 722 for online control and data transmission. Connect the head connecting slot 123 and the body connecting clip 113 to form a complete drilling rig. Then, connect the power plug 91 to the power supply, and connect the external data cable to the computer terminal 92 to ensure power input and terminal control.

[0050] Using computer terminal 92, the side window 41 is opened, and the telescopic rod 33 is extended, allowing the fixing buckle 35 to extend outside the side window 41. A soil sampling tube 371 and an online conductivity monitor 372 are installed as needed. Using computer terminal 92, the telescopic rod 33 is retracted, and the fixing buckle 35 allows the soil sampling tube 371 and the online conductivity monitor 372 to pass smoothly through the support tube 36. The side window 41 is then closed, completing the preliminary preparations.

[0051] The drilling rig is placed vertically at the sampling point. The computer terminal 92 is used to control the drilling rig to begin operation. At this time, the three sensors at the bottom of the drilling rig (pressure sensor 5151, direction sensor 5252, and displacement sensor 5353) transmit real-time status data to the computer terminal 92 via the data line inside the traction hose 81. While the drilling rig is operating, the traction hose 81 is continuously released to ensure that the length of the traction hose 81 does not restrict the normal operation of the drilling rig.

[0052] When the data transmitted by the direction sensor 52 and displacement sensor 53 shows that the drilling rig side window 41 has reached the predetermined depth, the terminal control computer terminal 92 stops rotating and controls the side window 41 opening / closing system 4 and the telescopic system 3 to operate. The opening / closing system 4 and the telescopic system 3 corresponding to soil sampling and soil monitoring can operate simultaneously or sequentially. Taking sequential operation as an example, first, the side window 41 corresponding to the online conductivity monitor 372 is opened, and the telescopic rod 33 extends out of the online conductivity monitor 372. The extension length should be just enough to contact the soil, generally controlled at about five centimeters. The conductivity data is displayed on the computer terminal 92 in real time. After a period of time, when the data stabilizes, the monitoring work ends. At this time, the telescopic rod 33 retracts, bringing the online conductivity monitor 372 back completely into the cavity of the drilling rig body 11. The terminal control closes the side window 41, and the online monitoring work is completed.

[0053] Similarly, during soil sampling, the side window 41 corresponding to the soil sampling tube 371 is first opened, and the telescopic rod 33 extends out of the soil sampling tube 371. Starting from the point where the front end of the soil sampling tube 371 just extends out of the side window 41, i.e., the front end of the soil sampling tube 371 just touches the soil, the length by which the telescopic rod 33 continues to extend is the sampling length of the soil sampling tube 371. As the telescopic rod 33 extends further, it causes the soil sampling tube 371 to continuously compress the soil at the front end, thus allowing the soil to enter the soil sampling tube 371 and completing the sampling. After the telescopic rod 33 extends to the predetermined length, a certain amount of soil sample is collected. The terminal controls the telescopic rod 33 to retract, bringing the soil sampling tube 371 back completely into the cavity of the drilling rig body 11. The terminal controls the closing of the side window 41, at which point the soil sampling is complete.

[0054] If deeper drilling is required, the drilling rig can continue to be advanced. The online monitoring procedure is the same as the soil sampling procedure. It should be noted that the cumulative length of the soil sampling tube 371 extending beyond the side window 41 should not exceed the length of the soil sampling tube 371 itself, and the drilling depth should not exceed the maximum length of the traction hose 81.

[0055] Throughout the drilling rig's operation, the sensing system 5 continuously transmits data showing the rig's operating status to the terminal system 9 in real time. If, during operation, the pressure sensor 51 or direction sensor 52 displays a value exceeding the warning threshold, it indicates that the rig's bottom has encountered obstacles hindering its continued advancement or that its direction of operation has significantly deviated from the vertical. In this case, drilling operations should be stopped immediately, the descent task terminated, and the rig controlled to reverse its rotation to return to the ground. During the rig's return, the traction hose 81 should be retrieved simultaneously. If necessary, the traction hose 81 can also provide partial traction to the rig body 1 to assist in the rig's return to the ground.

[0056] If the sensing system 5 displays that the drilling rig is in normal operating condition, the drilling mission will end once the rig has successfully completed all soil sampling and monitoring tasks. Similarly, the terminal controls the drilling rig to rotate in the opposite direction, ascend, and retrieve the traction hose 81.

[0057] Once most of the drilling rig is exposed above ground, the rig body 1 should be kept upright to prevent tilting. Once the entire rig body 1 is exposed, it should be placed on the drilling rig support base 10. The terminal control system opens the side window 41 corresponding to the soil sampling tube 371, extends the telescopic rod 33 out of the soil sampling tube 371, loosens the fixing buckle 35, and removes the soil sampling tube 371. The terminal control system then opens the side window 41 corresponding to the online conductivity monitor 372, extends the telescopic rod 33 out of the online monitor 372, loosens the fixing buckle 35, and removes the online monitor 372. If new work is required, follow the same steps to reinstall the new soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitor 372 for other monitoring indicators.

[0058] Lay the drilling rig horizontally with the rig cover 14 positioned at the top. Open the rig cover 14 for routine maintenance and inspection. When the telescopic system 3 and the side window 41 opening / closing system 4 are operating underground, although the side window 41 and waterproof curtain 46 provide some protection, some groundwater will inevitably enter the cavity of the drilling rig body 11. At this time, the cavity of the drilling rig body 11 can also be cleaned to ensure it is dry and water-free. Afterwards, close the drilling rig cover 14.

[0059] Once all tasks are completed, install the drill body 1. Unplug the power supply plug 91 and disconnect the external data transmission cable 83. The drill head 12 can remain in place and does not need to be removed unless automatic operation is required. If the drill head 12 needs to be removed, loosen the head connection slot 123 and the body connection clip 113, unplug the transfer plug 631, and disconnect the USB male port 721.

[0060] Example 2 Once preliminary data collection and on-site reconnaissance have determined the sampling points, confirming that the surface of the sampling points has no cement hardening layer and the soil properties are clay or loam with low sand and gravel content, and there is no available power supply nearby, the automatic operation mode without online connection to the terminal system 9 can be used. First, connect the computer terminal 92 directly to the USB female port 722, transfer the automatic operation command program to the memory 74, and ensure that the battery 61 has sufficient power for the operation. Control the installation of the soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitoring instrument 372. Then disconnect the computer terminal 92 and install the drill rig sealing head 16. After placing the drill rig body 1 at the determined point, start the drill rig remotely via the signal receiver. Upon reaching the designated depth, soil sampling or online monitoring will automatically begin, and the online monitoring data and the data from the sensing system 5 will be stored in the memory 74. After the set task is completed, the drill rig will rotate in the opposite direction to return. If, during the operation of the drill rig, the pressure sensor 51 senses that it exceeds a certain set value, or the direction sensor 52 senses that it deviates from the set angle direction, the operation will stop, the descent task will end, and the drill rig will rotate in the opposite direction to return. Install the drilling rig body 1, remove the drilling rig sealing head 16, and reconnect the computer terminal 92 to the USB female port 722 to acquire monitoring and sensor data. Use the terminal control to open the side window 41 and remove the soil sampling tube 371 and the online monitoring instrument 372. If there are other tasks, repeat the above steps starting from the input data. Open the drilling rig cover 14 for maintenance and inspection. Reinstall the drilling rig head 12.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0062] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig, comprising a drilling rig body (1) with a rugby ball-shaped structure, characterized in that, The drilling rig body (1) includes a drilling rig body (11) and a drilling rig head (12). The drilling rig body (11) is surrounded by helical teeth (13). The drilling rig body (11) is divided into an upper chamber, a middle chamber, and a lower chamber by a waterproof partition (15). Each of the upper chamber, middle chamber, and lower chamber is equipped with a drive system (2). A support longitudinal shaft (111) passes through the drive system (2) of the upper chamber, middle chamber, and lower chamber. The upper chamber is equipped with a body connection cavity (112). The body connection cavity (112) is connected to the drilling rig head (12) by a snap-fit ​​structure. One end of the support longitudinal shaft (111) is connected to the body connection cavity (112), and the other end of the support longitudinal shaft (111) is connected to the body connection cavity (112). One end extends to the bottom of the lower chamber; the middle chamber is provided with at least two telescopic systems (3) and an opening and closing system (4); the drilling rig body (11) outside the middle chamber has openings with the same number of telescopic systems (3), and the openings are connected to side windows (41) through the opening and closing system (4); the at least two telescopic systems are respectively connected to a soil sampling tube (371) and an online monitoring instrument (372), and the soil sampling tube (371) and the online monitoring instrument (372) are respectively located on one side of the side window (41); the lower chamber is provided with a power system (6) and a control system (7), and the control system (7) controls the power system (6) to provide power to each system of the drilling rig body (1); The telescopic system (3) includes a fixed base (31), which is located on the inner wall of the cavity in the middle section of the drilling rig body (11). The fixed base (31) is connected to the telescopic rod (33) via a telescopic power instrument (32). The end of the telescopic rod (33) is connected to the soil sampling tube (371) and the online monitoring instrument (372) via a fixing buckle (35). The opening and closing system (4) includes a slide rail (42), which is set on the supporting longitudinal shaft (111) in the middle section cavity of the drilling rig body (11). The slide rail (42) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (44) through a sliding base (43). The other end of the connecting rod (44) is connected to the side window (41). The sliding base (43) drives the connecting rod (44) connected to it to open and close the side window (41) and the opening on the drilling rig body (11) by sliding on the slide rail (42). The side window (41) is connected to the opening for opening and closing, and a waterproof curtain (46) is provided on the opening.

2. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive system (2) includes a rotary drive (22), which consists of three sets of rotary drives (22) respectively located at the center of the upper chamber, middle chamber and lower chamber, and a support longitudinal shaft (111) connected in series at the center of the three sets of rotary drives (22). Each of the three sets of rotary drives (22) has a drive shaft (21) on its outer periphery. One end of the drive shaft (21) is connected to the rotary drive (22), and the other end of the drive shaft (21) is connected to the inner wall of the drill body (11).

3. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill body (11) is provided with a drill cover (14), the width of which is less than the maximum interval between adjacent drive shafts in the three sets of drive shafts (21).

4. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower chamber is provided with a sensing system (5), which includes a pressure sensor (51), a direction sensor (52), and a displacement sensor (53). The pressure sensor (51), direction sensor (52), and displacement sensor (53) are used to monitor the pressure on the bottom of the drill body (11), the detection direction of the drill body (11), and the detection depth of the drill body (11), respectively, and feed the signals back to the computer terminal (92) for subsequent decision-making.

5. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power system (6) includes a battery (61) which is connected around the support longitudinal shaft (111) and provides power to the various systems of the drilling rig body (1) through an internal power transmission line (62); The control system (7) includes a central processing unit (71), a memory (74), and a signal receiver (75); the central processing unit (71), the memory (74), and the signal receiver (75) are mounted on the supporting longitudinal shaft (111) of the lower chamber, and the central processing unit (71) and the memory (74) are connected to the rotary drive (22), the telescopic power instrument (32), the online monitoring instrument (372), the sliding base (43), the pressure sensor (51), the direction sensor (52), and the displacement sensor (53) respectively through an internal data transmission line (73); the central processing unit (71) is used to receive instructions and control the operation, sampling, and monitoring of the drilling rig; the memory (74) is used to store instructions and various data during operation, sampling, and monitoring; the signal receiver (75) is used to receive the signal of the drive system (2) starting. The upper chamber has a transfer socket (632) and a USB female port (722) below the body connecting cavity (112); the transfer socket (632) and the USB female port (722) are respectively connected to the internal power transmission line (62) and the internal data transmission line (73) wound on the supporting longitudinal shaft (111); The terminal system (9) includes a computer terminal (92). The memory (74) is connected to the computer terminal (92) via an internal data transmission line (73) through a USB female port (722). The computer terminal (92) transmits the automatic operation command program to the memory (74) through the USB female port (722). The computer terminal (92) provides instruction input with a visual interface for online monitoring and data display, so as to facilitate real-time knowledge of the drilling rig status and timely adjustment. The signal receiver (75) feeds back the received terminal control signal to the central processing unit (71). The central processing unit (71) controls the operation, sampling and monitoring of the drilling rig.

6. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drill head (12) is either a drill sealing head (16) or a drill external power supply head. Both the drill sealing head (16) and the drill external power supply head include a head cavity (121) and a head connector (122). The head connector (122) is connected to the body connection cavity (112) inside the drill body (11) via a snap-fit ​​structure. The snap-fit ​​structure includes a body connection snap (113) on the inner walls of the inserts on both sides of the body connection cavity (112) and a head connection snap (122). The head connecting slots (123) on both sides of the body (122) are connected to the head connecting slots (123) on the head connecting body (122) of the drill head (11) through the body connecting buckle (113) of the body connecting cavity (112). The drill head (11) is connected to the head connecting slots (123) on the head connecting body (122). An external power mechanism is installed inside the drill head. The external power mechanism is connected to the internal power transmission line (62) and provides power to the internal power transmission line (62) through the external power mechanism.

7. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that, The external power mechanism includes a traction system (8) and a power supply plug (91); the traction system (8) includes an external power transmission line (82) and an external data transmission line (83), and the external power transmission line (82) and the external data transmission line (83) are covered with a traction hose (81); one end of the traction hose (81) is inserted into the head cavity (121) of the external power supply head of the drilling rig, and the external power transmission line (82) and the external data transmission line (83) in the head cavity (121) are respectively connected to the internal power transmission line (62) and the internal data transmission line (73) wound on the support longitudinal shaft (111) through the power transmission mechanism and the data transmission mechanism; the external power transmission line (82) at the other end of the traction hose (81) is connected to an external power source through the power supply plug (91) to provide continuous power; the external data transmission line (83) at the other end of the traction hose (81) is connected to a computer terminal (92).

8. The miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power transmission mechanism includes a power cord (633), and the external power transmission line (82) of the traction hose (81) inside the head cavity (121) is connected to the transfer plug (631) through the power cord (633). The transfer plug (631) is connected to the transfer socket (632) in the upper cavity to provide external power to the internal power transmission line (62). The data connection mechanism includes a data line (723), and the external data transmission line (83) of the traction hose (81) inside the head cavity (121) is connected to the USB male port (721) through the data line (723). The USB male port (721) is connected to the USB female port (722) in the upper cavity to transmit data with the internal data transmission line (73).

9. An application method for a miniaturized soil monitoring and sampling drilling rig as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: When used on an external terminal system, the following steps are included: S1: Investigate the site to determine that there is no cement hardening layer on the site surface and that the soil is clay and loam with low sand and gravel content. S2: Select an external terminal system or not; When using the external terminal system, the external power transmission line (82) of the traction hose (81) inside the head cavity (121) of the drilling rig's external power head is connected to the transfer plug (631) via a power cable (633). The transfer plug (631) is connected to the transfer socket (632) in the upper chamber to provide external power to the internal power transmission line (62). The external data transmission line (83) of the traction hose (81) inside the head cavity (121) of the drilling rig's external power head is connected to the USB male port (721) via a data cable (723). The USB male port (721) is connected to the USB female port (722) in the upper chamber to connect to the internal data transmission line. (73) Data transmission is performed; the drill body (11) is connected to the head connection slot (123) on the head connection body (122) of the drill external power head through the body connection buckle (113) of the body connection cavity (112); the external power transmission line (82) in the other end of the traction hose (81) is connected to the external power supply through the power plug (91) to provide continuous power; the external data transmission line (83) in the other end of the traction hose (81) is connected to the computer terminal (92), and the computer terminal (92) provides instruction input with a visual interface for online monitoring and data display, so as to know the status of the drill in real time and make timely adjustments; When the external terminal system is not in use, the computer terminal (92) transmits the automatic operation command program to the memory (74) through the USB female port (722); the drilling rig sealing head (16) is installed, and the automatic program in the drilling rig body (1) starts to run; S3: Vertically place the drilling rig body (1) at the sampling point; use the computer terminal (92) to control the drilling rig body (1) to rotate; the real-time status of the drilling rig body (1) is displayed on the computer terminal (92); S4: When the specified depth is reached, the computer terminal (92) controls the drilling rig body (1) to stop rotating; if soil is sampled, the control opens the corresponding side window (41) of the soil sampling tube (371), extends the soil sampling tube (371), controls the extension length to collect the corresponding length of soil sample, and takes off the soil sample; then the soil sampling tube (371) is retracted and the corresponding side window (41) is closed. If monitoring the soil, control the opening of the corresponding side window (41) of the online monitoring instrument (372), control the extension of the online monitoring instrument (372), and remove the online monitoring instrument (372); after the computer terminal (92) obtains the monitoring index data, control the retraction of the online monitoring instrument (372) and close the corresponding side window (41); if sampling and monitoring at other depths are required, repeat the steps. S5: During operation, the pressure sensor (51) of the sensing system (5) is located at the bottom of the drilling rig to monitor the pressure of the drilling rig when it comes into contact with the soil in real time, so as to avoid damage to the drilling rig due to excessive soil sand and gravel; the direction sensor (52) and displacement sensor (53) monitor the drilling rig's rotation status in real time to accurately control the drilling rig's downward direction and depth; If the pressure sensor (51) or direction sensor (52) in the lower chamber of the drilling rig body (1) exceeds the expected value in real time, it will be fed back to the computer terminal (92) through the signal to stop working and end the drilling task. S6: After the drilling rig successfully completes the descent task or terminates the descent task in advance, control the drilling rig body (1) to rotate upward in the opposite direction, or pull it with the traction hose (81) to speed up the rotation process. S7: Open the drilling rig cover (14) for maintenance and repair, and close the drilling rig cover (14).

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