Active backfill TBM tunneling machine with adaptive muck removal system

Abstract

This invention discloses an active backfill TBM for rock tunneling with an adaptive muck removal system, relating to the field of active backfilling technology for rock tunnel TBMs. It includes a cutterhead, a feeding auger, a conveyor belt, a material spreading mechanism, a laser ranging module, tracks, a leveling baffle, and a compaction roller. One side of the cutterhead is in contact with the rock wall to be excavated. A feeding auger is located on one side of the cutterhead, and a conveyor belt is located at the end of the feeding auger. A material spreading mechanism is located at the bottom of the conveyor belt. A laser ranging module is located on the left side of the material spreading mechanism, tracks are located at the bottom of the material spreading mechanism, a leveling baffle is located on the side of the bottom of the material spreading mechanism away from the tracks, and a compaction roller is located on the right side of the material spreading mechanism. This invention, through the arrangement of the material spreading mechanism, laser ranging module, tracks, leveling baffle, and compaction roller, improves the smoothness of the paved road surface, reduces labor consumption, and enhances the stability of the paved road surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of active backfilling technology for rock tunnel TBMs, specifically an active backfilling rock tunnel TBM with an adaptive muck removal system. Background Technology

[0002] The active backfill rock tunnel TBM is an innovative product developed to a certain stage in the development of rock tunnel TBMs. Its working principle is generally to use some of the rock debris generated by the TBM's forward tunneling for tunnel backfilling, and to backfill the circular tunnel excavated by the TBM into an arc-shaped tunnel that facilitates tunnel transportation.

[0003] When existing TBM tunneling machines are backfilling crushed materials, the size of the crushed materials varies. When laying the crushed materials, the different sizes of crushed materials and gravel are mixed together, which increases the difficulty of backfilling the tunnel and affects the flatness of the tunnel. It also increases the difficulty of operation for workers and increases labor consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active backfill TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive slag removal system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The active backfill TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system includes a cutterhead, a feeding auger, a conveyor belt, a material spreading mechanism, a laser rangefinder module, tracks, a leveling baffle, and a compaction roller.

[0007] One side of the tunneling cutterhead is in contact with the rock wall to be excavated. A feeding auger is provided on one side of the tunneling cutterhead. A conveyor belt is provided at the end of the feeding auger. A material spreading mechanism is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt. A laser ranging module is provided on the left side of the material spreading mechanism. A track is provided at the bottom of the material spreading mechanism. A flat material baffle is provided on the side of the bottom of the material spreading mechanism away from the track. A compaction roller is provided on the right side of the material spreading mechanism.

[0008] The material spreading mechanism includes a frame, a stone sleeve, a feeding sleeve, a sand sleeve, a guide roller, and a material distribution mechanism;

[0009] The frame is internally equipped with a stone sleeve. A guide roller is located on one side of the stone sleeve, and a feed sleeve is located on the side of the guide roller away from the stone sleeve. A sand sleeve is located on one side of the feed sleeve, connected to the guide roller. A material distribution mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the guide roller. Through the cooperation of the material distribution mechanism and the guide roller, crushed stones of different sizes are screened. First, the stone sleeve discharges the larger pieces to the bottom, and the track drives the device to move, simultaneously compacting the bottom stones. A deflecting leveling baffle flattens the bottom, and then the sand sleeve pours out the smaller pieces, filling the gaps. The compaction roller further compacts the surface, improving the smoothness of the paved road, reducing labor consumption for secondary manual processing, and enhancing the stability of the paved road.

[0010] The bottom of the frame is connected to the track. A flat material baffle is installed on one side of the track, and a laser ranging module is installed on one side of the frame. The laser ranging module has two laser ranging heads installed at the top and bottom. A compaction roller is installed on the side of the flat material baffle away from the track. A hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the flat material baffle, and the flat material baffle is connected to the bottom of the frame through the hydraulic cylinder. The rock wall is excavated by rotating the cutterhead. The falling debris is transported to the conveyor belt by the feeding auger, and then the conveyor belt pours the debris into the laying mechanism. The laying height is measured by the laser ranging module to determine the required amount of debris. Then, the material is laid according to the required amount. At the same time, the height of the flat material baffle and the compaction roller are adjusted according to the laying height to improve the automation level of the device and further improve the flatness of the laying.

[0011] The stone sleeve includes a stone cylinder, a stone discharge pipe, and a guide plate. The outer wall of the stone cylinder is connected to the frame. The stone discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the stone cylinder, and the guide plate is hinged to the inner wall of the stone discharge pipe. The guide plate has a V-shaped cross-section. The sand sleeve includes a sand cylinder and a sand discharge pipe. The outer wall of the sand cylinder is connected to the frame. The sand discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the sand cylinder, and the guide plate is located on the inner wall of the sand discharge pipe. The screened crushed material is piled into the stone cylinder and the sand cylinder. By controlling the left and right swing and deflection of the guide plate, the crushed material slides down along the deflection angle of the guide plate, spreading the crushed material evenly on the ground, improving the uniformity of the crushed material falling to the ground, and reducing the working pressure of the subsequent leveling baffle.

[0012] The feeding sleeve includes a connecting sleeve and a feeding port. The outer wall of the connecting sleeve is connected to the frame, and the feeding port is located at the top of the connecting sleeve, directly below the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt quickly pours the crushed material into the connecting sleeve through the feeding port, causing the crushed material to slide down the inner wall of the connecting sleeve and stratify. This allows some of the larger crushed material to fall to the upper layer, reducing the working pressure of subsequent screening and shortening the screening time.

[0013] The guide roller includes a movable roller, one side of which is connected to one side of a connecting sleeve. Two movable rollers are symmetrically distributed about both sides of the connecting sleeve. The inner wall of each movable roller has a threaded groove. A fixed gear ring is located on the side of the movable roller away from the connecting sleeve, one side of which is connected to one side of a stone cylinder. A fixed motor is located on one side of the stone cylinder. The output shaft of the fixed motor is connected to a fixed gear via a coupling, one side of which meshes with the fixed gear ring. Starting the fixed motor drives the fixed gear to rotate, which in turn drives the movable roller to rotate through the meshing fixed gear ring. Simultaneously, the rotation of the movable roller causes the scrap material on its inner wall to roll. Through the threaded grooves on the inner wall of the movable roller, the scrap material slides along the spiral direction of the threaded grooves, guiding and conveying small-sized scrap materials and quickly separating them from the main material.

[0014] The material distribution mechanism includes a connecting rod, with its two ends connected to a stone cylinder and a sand cylinder, respectively. A spiral blade is mounted on the connecting rod, and a movable gear disc is located at the end of the connecting rod closest to the sand cylinder. One side of the movable gear disc is connected to the sand cylinder. A drive motor is mounted on the outer wall of the sand cylinder, and a drive gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor via a coupling. The drive gear meshes with the movable gear disc. Starting the drive motor rotates the drive gear, which in turn drives the spiral blade to rotate via the meshing movable gear disc. The spiral blade rotates along the inner wall of the movable cylinder, pushing large pieces of material that have not fallen into the threaded grooves, thus quickly screening the large pieces.

[0015] The spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the movable drum, and the spiral blade rotates in the opposite direction to the movable drum. The spiral line of the threaded groove is opposite to the spiral line of the spiral blade. Several threaded grooves are provided, and the threaded grooves are distributed equidistantly in a ring about the center point of the inner wall of the movable drum. By controlling the rotation direction of the fixed motor and the drive motor respectively, the rotation of the spiral blade and the movable drum is controlled. In the threaded grooves opened in the inner wall of the movable drum, there are gaps between the annularly arranged threaded grooves. When the crushed material slides between two threaded grooves, it is pushed by the rotation of the spiral blade. As the crushed material slides, small-sized crushed material sinks and large-sized crushed material floats. The spiral blade and the movable drum continue to rotate, so that small-sized crushed material falls into the threaded grooves first, and the crushed material is screened and conveyed to the stone cylinder and sand cylinder respectively.

[0016] A dust filter screen is installed on the side of the stone cylinder away from the movable drum, and an air intake filter screen is installed on one side of the movable toothed disc. As the drive motor rotates the spiral blades, it generates air thrust, drawing air in through the air intake filter screen. This causes dust raised inside the movable drum to pass through the dust filter screen for adsorption and removal, reducing the impact of dust on the health and safety of workers and minimizing dust pollution generated during the laying of crushed materials.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0018] 1. By setting up a material spreading mechanism, laser ranging module, track, leveling baffle, and compaction roller, the laser ranging module measures the spreading height to determine the required amount of crushed material. Then, the material is spread according to the demand. Different sizes of crushed stone are screened. First, the stone sleeve discharges the larger-sized crushed stone to the bottom. The track drives the device to move and compact the bottom crushed stone. The deflecting leveling baffle flattens the bottom. Then, the sand sleeve pours out the smaller-sized crushed stone to fill the gaps. The compaction roller further compacts the surface, improving the flatness of the paved road, reducing the labor consumption of secondary manual processing, and enhancing the stability of the paved road.

[0019] 2. By using a movable roller, threaded grooves, spiral blades, stone sleeves, and sand sleeves, the Brazil nut effect is employed to rapidly screen the size of the crushed material. The rotation of the spiral blades and movable roller is controlled by separately controlling the rotation direction of the fixed motor and the drive motor. The threaded grooves on the inner wall of the movable roller have gaps between them, allowing the crushed material to slide between them. The spiral blades then push the material along the grooves, causing smaller pieces to sink and larger pieces to float. This enhances the automation level and improves the efficiency of the device.

[0020] 3. By setting up the movable roller and spiral blades, the rotation of the inner wall of the movable roller on the spiral blades generates air thrust, which draws air in through the air intake filter. This causes the dust raised inside the movable roller to pass through the dust removal filter for adsorption and dust removal, reducing the impact of dust on the health and life of workers, and also reducing dust pollution generated by the laying of crushed materials. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material spreading mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the material laying mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a side view of the material spreading mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the material spreading mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable roller and the feed sleeve of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a side cross-sectional view of the material spreading mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the movable roller structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the stone discharge pipe and the guide plate of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Tunneling cutterhead; 2. Feeding auger; 3. Conveyor belt; 4. Material spreading mechanism; 401. Frame; 402. Stone sleeve; 4021. Stone cylinder; 4022. Stone discharge pipe; 4023. Guide plate; 403. Feed sleeve; 4031. Connecting sleeve; 4032. Feed inlet; 404. Sand sleeve; 4041. Sand cylinder; 4042. Sand discharge pipe; 405. Guide roller; 4051. Movable... 4052. Roller; 4053. Threaded groove; 4054. Fixed gear ring; 4055. Fixed motor; 4056. Fixed gear; 4057. Dust filter; 406. Material distribution mechanism; 4068. Connecting rod; 4069. Spiral blade; 4060. Movable gear disc; 4061. Drive motor; 4062. Drive gear; 4063. Air intake filter; 4064. Laser ranging module; 4065. Track; 4066. Flat material baffle; 407. Compacting roller. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-10 The present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0035] The active backfill TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive slag removal system includes a tunneling cutterhead 1, a feeding auger 2, a conveyor belt 3, a material spreading mechanism 4, a laser ranging module 5, tracks 6, a leveling baffle 7, and a compaction roller 8.

[0036] One side of the tunneling cutterhead 1 is in contact with the rock wall to be excavated. A feeding auger 2 is provided on one side of the tunneling cutterhead 1. A conveyor belt 3 is provided at the end of the feeding auger 2. A material spreading mechanism 4 is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt 3. A laser ranging module 5 is provided on the left side of the material spreading mechanism 4. A track 6 is provided at the bottom of the material spreading mechanism 4. A flat baffle 7 is provided on the side of the bottom of the material spreading mechanism 4 away from the track 6. A compaction roller 8 is provided on the right side of the material spreading mechanism 4.

[0037] The material spreading mechanism 4 includes a frame 401, a stone sleeve 402, a feeding sleeve 403, a sand sleeve 404, a guide roller 405, and a material distribution mechanism 406;

[0038] The frame 401 has a stone sleeve 402 inside. A guide roller 405 is installed on one side of the stone sleeve 402. A feed sleeve 403 is installed on the side of the guide roller 405 away from the stone sleeve 402. A sand sleeve 404 is installed on one side of the feed sleeve 403 through the guide roller 405. A material distribution mechanism 406 is installed on the inner wall of the guide roller 405. Through the cooperation of the material distribution mechanism 406 and the guide roller 405, the crushed stone of different sizes is screened. Then, the stone sleeve 402 discharges the large-sized crushed stone to the bottom. The track 6 drives the device to move and compacts the crushed stone at the bottom. The deflecting flat baffle 7 flattens the bottom. Then, the sand sleeve 404 pours out the small-sized crushed stone to fill the gaps. The compaction roller 8 further compacts the stone, which improves the flatness of the paved road, reduces the labor consumption of secondary manual processing, and enhances the stability of the paved road.

[0039] The stone sleeve 402 includes a stone cylinder 4021, a stone discharge pipe 4022, and a guide plate 4023. The outer wall of the stone cylinder 4021 is connected to the frame 401. The stone discharge pipe 4022 is provided at the bottom of the stone cylinder 4021. The guide plate 4023 is hinged to the inner wall of the stone discharge pipe 4022. The cross-section of the guide plate 4023 is V-shaped. The sand sleeve 404 includes a sand cylinder 4041 and a sand discharge pipe 4042. The outer wall of the sand cylinder 4041 is connected to the frame 401. The sand discharge pipe 4042 is provided at the bottom of the sand cylinder 4041. The guide plate 4023 is provided on the inner wall of the sand discharge pipe 4042. The sieved crushed material is piled into the stone cylinder 4021 and the sand cylinder 4041. By controlling the left and right swinging and deflection of the guide plate 4023, the crushed material slides down along the deflection angle of the guide plate 4023, and the crushed material is evenly spread on the ground, which improves the uniformity of the crushed material falling to the ground and reduces the working pressure of the subsequent leveling baffle 7.

[0040] The feeding sleeve 403 includes a connecting sleeve 4031 and a feeding port 4032. The outer wall of the connecting sleeve 4031 is connected to the frame 401. The feeding port 4032 is located at the top of the connecting sleeve 4031 and is directly below the conveyor belt 3. The conveyor belt 3 quickly pours the crushed material into the connecting sleeve 4031 through the feeding port 4032, causing the crushed material to slide down the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 4031 and stratify. This allows some of the larger crushed material to fall to the upper layer, reducing the working pressure of subsequent screening and shortening the screening time.

[0041] The guide roller 405 includes a movable roller 4051. One side of the movable roller 4051 is connected to one side of the connecting sleeve 4031. There are two movable rollers 4051, which are symmetrically distributed about both sides of the connecting sleeve 4031. The inner wall of the movable roller 4051 is provided with a threaded groove 4052. A fixed toothed ring 4053 is provided on the side of the movable roller 4051 away from the connecting sleeve 4031. One side of the fixed toothed ring 4053 is connected to one side of the stone cylinder 4021. A fixed motor 4054 is provided on one side of the stone cylinder 4021. The output shaft of the fixed motor 4054 is provided with a fixed gear 4055 through a coupling. One side of the fixed gear 4055 meshes with the fixed toothed ring 4053. The fixed motor 4054 is started, which drives the fixed gear 4055 to rotate. The fixed gear 4055 drives the movable roller 4051 to rotate through the meshing fixed gear ring 4053. As the movable roller 4051 rotates, the scrap material on the inner wall rolls. Through the threaded groove 4052 opened on the inner wall of the movable roller 4051, the scrap material on the inner wall of the threaded groove 4052 slides along the spiral direction of the threaded groove 4052, guiding and conveying the small-sized scrap material and quickly separating the small-sized scrap material.

[0042] The material distribution mechanism 406 includes a connecting rod 4061, with its two ends connected to a stone cylinder 4021 and a sand cylinder 4041, respectively. A spiral blade 4062 is provided on the connecting rod 4061, and a movable gear disc 4063 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 4061 near the sand cylinder 4041. One side of the movable gear disc 4063 is connected to the sand cylinder 4041. A drive motor 4064 is provided on the outer wall of the sand cylinder 4041, and a drive gear 4065 is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor 4064 through a coupling. The drive gear 4065 meshes with the movable gear disc 4063. The drive motor 4064 is started to drive the drive gear 4065 to rotate, which in turn drives the spiral blade 4062 to rotate through the meshing movable gear disc 4063. The spiral blade 4062 rotates along the inner wall of the movable roller 4051, pushing the large-sized fragments that have not fallen into the threaded groove 4052, and quickly screening the large-sized fragments.

[0043] The spiral blade 4062 is connected to the inner wall of the movable roller 4051. The spiral blade 4062 and the movable roller 4051 rotate in opposite directions. The spiral line of the threaded groove 4052 is opposite to the spiral line of the spiral blade 4062. Several threaded grooves 4052 are provided. The threaded grooves 4052 are distributed equidistantly in a ring about the center point of the inner wall of the movable roller 4051. By controlling the rotation direction of the fixed motor 4054 and the drive motor 4064 respectively, the rotation of the spiral blade 4062 and the movable drum 4051 is controlled. In the threaded groove 4052 opened on the inner wall of the movable drum 4051, there is a gap between the annularly arranged threaded grooves 4052. When the crushed material slides between the two threaded grooves 4052, it is pushed by the rotation of the spiral blade 4062. While the crushed material slides, the small-sized crushed material sinks and the large-sized crushed material floats. The spiral blade 4062 and the movable drum 4051 continue to rotate, so that the small-sized crushed material falls into the threaded groove 4052 first. The crushed material is then screened and conveyed to the stone cylinder 4021 and the sand cylinder 4041 respectively.

[0044] A dust filter screen 4056 is installed on the side of the stone cylinder 4021 away from the movable roller 4051, and an air intake filter screen 4066 is installed on the side of the movable toothed disc 4063. When the drive motor 4064 drives the spiral blade 4062 to rotate, it generates air thrust, drawing air in through the air intake filter screen 4066. This causes dust raised inside the movable roller 4051 to be adsorbed and removed by the dust filter screen 4056, reducing the impact of dust on the health and safety of workers and minimizing dust pollution generated during the laying of crushed materials.

[0045] The bottom of the frame 401 is connected to the track 6. A flat baffle 7 is installed on one side of the track 6, and a laser ranging module 5 is installed on one side of the frame 401. The laser ranging module 5 has two laser ranging heads installed at the top and bottom. A compaction roller is installed on the side of the flat baffle 7 away from the track 6. A hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the flat baffle 7, and the flat baffle 7 is connected to the bottom of the frame 401 through the hydraulic cylinder. The rock wall is excavated by the rotation of the cutterhead 1. The falling debris is transported to the conveyor belt 3 by the feeding auger 2, and then the conveyor belt 3 pours the debris into the laying mechanism 4. The laying height is measured by the laser ranging module 5 to determine the amount of debris required. Then, the material is laid according to the required amount. At the same time, the height of the flat baffle 7 and the compaction roller 8 are adjusted according to the laying height to improve the automation level of the device and further improve the flatness of the laying.

[0046] Working principle of the invention:

[0047] First, the rock wall is excavated by rotating the excavator cutter head 1. The falling debris is transported to the conveyor belt 3 by the feeding auger 2. Then, the conveyor belt 3 pours the debris into the laying mechanism 4. The laying height is measured by the laser ranging module 5 to obtain the amount of debris required. Then, the material is laid according to the required amount. At the same time, the height of the leveling baffle 7 and the compaction roller 8 is adjusted according to the laying height.

[0048] As the crushed material falls into the feeding mechanism 4, the conveyor belt 3 quickly pours the crushed material into the connecting sleeve 4031 through the feed port 4032, so that the crushed material slides down the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 4031 and is layered, so that some of the larger crushed material falls on the upper layer of the crushed material, reducing the working pressure of subsequent screening.

[0049] Then, the fixed motor 4054 is started to drive the fixed gear 4055 to rotate, so that the fixed gear 4055 drives the movable roller 4051 to rotate through the meshing fixed gear ring 4053. As the movable roller 4051 rotates, it drives the scrap material on the inner wall to roll. Through the threaded groove 4052 opened on the inner wall of the movable roller 4051, the scrap material on the inner wall of the threaded groove 4052 slides along the spiral direction of the threaded groove 4052, guiding and conveying the small-sized scrap material and quickly separating the small-sized scrap material.

[0050] At the same time, the drive motor 4064 is started to drive the drive gear 4065 to rotate, so that the drive gear 4065 drives the spiral blade 4062 to rotate through the meshing movable gear disk 4063. The spiral blade 4062 rotates along the inner wall of the movable roller 4051, pushing the large-sized fragments that have not fallen into the threaded groove 4052, and quickly screening the large-sized fragments.

[0051] By controlling the rotation direction of the fixed motor 4054 and the drive motor 4064 respectively, the rotation of the spiral blade 4062 and the movable drum 4051 is controlled. In the threaded groove 4052 opened on the inner wall of the movable drum 4051, there is a gap between the annularly arranged threaded grooves 4052. When the crushed material slides between the two threaded grooves 4052, it is pushed by the rotation of the spiral blade 4062. While the crushed material slides, the small-sized crushed material sinks and the large-sized crushed material floats. The spiral blade 4062 and the movable drum 4051 continue to rotate, so that the small-sized crushed material falls into the threaded groove 4052 first. The crushed material is then screened and conveyed to the stone cylinder 4021 and the sand cylinder 4041 respectively.

[0052] During the screening of the crushed material, the drive motor 4064 drives the spiral blade 4062 to rotate, generating air thrust, which draws air in through the air intake filter 4066, and drives the dust raised in the movable drum 4051 to pass through the dust removal filter 4056 for adsorption and dust removal.

[0053] First, the large-sized crushed material is discharged from the bottom by the stone sleeve 402. The track 6 drives the device to move and compacts the bottom crushed stone. The deflecting flat baffle 7 flattens the bottom. Then, the small-sized crushed material is poured out by the sand sleeve 404 to fill the gaps. The compaction roller 8 further compacts the material and improves the flatness of the paving.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active backfilling TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system, characterized in that: It includes a tunneling cutterhead (1), a feeding auger (2), a conveyor belt (3), a material spreading mechanism (4), a laser ranging module (5), a track (6), a material leveling baffle (7), and a compaction roller (8); One side of the tunneling cutterhead (1) is in contact with the rock wall to be excavated. A feeding auger (2) is provided on one side of the tunneling cutterhead (1). A conveyor belt (3) is provided at the end of the feeding auger (2). A material spreading mechanism (4) is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt (3). A laser ranging module (5) is provided on the left side of the material spreading mechanism (4). A track (6) is provided at the bottom of the material spreading mechanism (4). A flat baffle (7) is provided on the side of the bottom of the material spreading mechanism (4) away from the track (6). A compaction roller (8) is provided on the right side of the material spreading mechanism (4). The material spreading mechanism (4) includes a frame (401), a stone sleeve (402), a feeding sleeve (403), a sand sleeve (404), a guide roller (405), and a material distribution mechanism (406). The frame (401) is equipped with a stone sleeve (402) inside. A guide roller (405) is provided on one side of the stone sleeve (402). A feed sleeve (403) is provided on the side of the guide roller (405) away from the stone sleeve (402). A sand sleeve (404) is provided on one side of the feed sleeve (403) through the guide roller (405). A material distribution mechanism (406) is provided on the inner wall of the guide roller (405). The stone sleeve (402) includes a stone cylinder (4021), a stone discharge pipe (4022), and a guide plate (4023). The outer wall of the stone cylinder (4021) is connected to the frame (401). The stone discharge pipe (4022) is provided at the bottom of the stone cylinder (4021). The guide plate (4023) is hinged to the inner wall of the stone discharge pipe (4022). The cross-section of the guide plate (4023) is V-shaped. The sand sleeve (404) includes a sand cylinder (4041) and a sand discharge pipe (4042). The outer wall of the sand cylinder (4041) is connected to the frame (401). The sand discharge pipe (4042) is provided at the bottom of the sand cylinder (4041). The guide plate (4023) is provided on the inner wall of the sand discharge pipe (4042).

2. The active backfilling TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame (401) is connected to the track (6). A flat baffle (7) is provided on one side of the track (6). A laser ranging module (5) is provided on one side of the frame (401). The laser ranging module (5) has two laser ranging heads arranged above and below. A compaction roller is provided on the side of the flat baffle (7) away from the track (6). A hydraulic cylinder is hinged on one side of the flat baffle (7). The flat baffle (7) is connected to the bottom of the frame (401) through the hydraulic cylinder.

3. The active backfilling TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed sleeve (403) includes a connecting sleeve (4031) and a feed port (4032). The outer wall of the connecting sleeve (4031) is connected to the frame (401). The feed port (4032) is opened at the top of the connecting sleeve (4031) and is located directly below the conveyor belt (3).

4. The active backfilling TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide roller (405) includes a movable roller (4051). One side of the movable roller (4051) is connected to one side of the connecting sleeve (4031). There are two movable rollers (4051). The movable rollers (4051) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting sleeve (4031). The inner wall of the movable roller (4051) is provided with a threaded groove (4052). A fixed toothed ring (4053) is provided on the side of the movable roller (4051) away from the connecting sleeve (4031). One side of the fixed toothed ring (4053) is connected to one side of the stone cylinder (4021). A fixed motor (4054) is provided on one side of the stone cylinder (4021). The output shaft of the fixed motor (4054) is provided with a fixed gear (4055) through a coupling. One side of the fixed gear (4055) meshes with the fixed toothed ring (4053).

5. The active backfilling rock tunnel TBM with an adaptive muck removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material distribution mechanism (406) includes a connecting rod (4061), the two ends of which are connected to a stone cylinder (4021) and a sand cylinder (4041) respectively. A spiral blade (4062) is provided on the connecting rod (4061). A movable gear disc (4063) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (4061) near the sand cylinder (4041). One side of the movable gear disc (4063) is connected to the sand cylinder (4041). A drive motor (4064) is provided on the outer wall of the sand cylinder (4041). A drive gear (4065) is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor (4064) through a coupling. The drive gear (4065) meshes with the movable gear disc (4063).

6. The active backfilling TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spiral blade (4062) is connected to the inner wall of the movable roller (4051). The spiral blade (4062) and the movable roller (4051) rotate in opposite directions. The spiral line of the threaded groove (4052) is opposite to the spiral line of the spiral blade (4062). Several threaded grooves (4052) are provided. The threaded grooves (4052) are distributed equidistantly in a ring about the center point of the inner wall of the movable roller (4051).

7. The active backfilling TBM tunneling machine with an adaptive muck removal system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A dust removal filter (4056) is provided on the side of the stone cylinder (4021) away from the movable roller (4051), and an air intake filter (4066) is provided on the side of the movable toothed disc (4063).

Images