An induction type pressure relief and dust control system and control method for a coal railway tunnel

Abstract

The application discloses a coal transportation special line railway tunnel induction type pressure relief and dust control system and a control method. The pressure relief and dust control system comprises an external pressure relief and dust control device, an internal rectifier device, an internal pressure balance and air control device, a first inductor and a second inductor. The external pressure relief and dust control device is arranged in front of a tunnel entrance section and comprises a pressure relief and rectification channel and a pressure relief and dust control channel. A plurality of pressure relief and discharge holes are arranged on the side walls of the pressure relief and rectification channel. A plurality of pressure relief and discharge hole groups are arranged on the side walls of the pressure relief and dust control channel. The internal rectifier device and the internal pressure balance and air control device are arranged on the top of the tunnel entrance section. The internal rectifier device comprises a plurality of internal rectifier plates which are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and are arranged to be inclined to the tunnel entrance end face. The first inductor is arranged in front of the external pressure relief and dust control device. The second inductor is arranged at the front end of the tunnel entrance end face. The application can improve the driving and operation environment of the coal transportation special line railway tunnel from the root.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway tunnel dust control technology, specifically to an induction-type pressure relief dust control system and control method for coal transport railway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Coal trains generate significant dust pollution as they enter tunnels: When a coal train is about to enter a tunnel from an open environment, the sudden reduction in space causes intense air compression at the front of the train, creating a positive pressure impact at the tunnel entrance. This results in coal dust being stirred up and suspended in the tunnel for an extended period. As the train enters the tunnel, the induced eddies caused by the train's movement crack the dust-suppressing agent layer on the coal surface, leading to a large amount of coal spilling at the tunnel entrance. This not only wastes resources but also causes severe dust pollution. Once the train is fully inside the tunnel, the airflow creates a negative pressure vacuum at the rear of the train. Rapid influx of external air into this vacuum generates high-speed turbulence, causing secondary dust pollution at the tunnel entrance.

[0003] Currently, both domestically and internationally, measures such as covering the top of the train body with dust-proof nets and installing dust-proof covers are widely adopted to address the problem of coal spillage and dust pollution during the entry of coal-carrying trains into tunnels. However, the results have been minimal. The reason for this is that existing technologies unilaterally assume that controlling the amount of coal spillage alone can reduce dust hazards, without comprehensively analyzing the dust pollution mechanism and its influencing factors throughout the entire process of coal-carrying trains entering tunnels. This leads to persistently high coal dust concentrations within the tunnels. High concentrations of coal dust not only severely affect the service life of power grids and circuit insulators along the railway line, but also pose a potential coal dust explosion when exposed to open flames. Simultaneously, they also pose a serious threat to the health of tunnel maintenance workers. Therefore, the prevention and control of coal dust pollution in coal-carrying railway tunnels has become one of the key challenges urgently needing to be addressed in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an inductive pressure relief and dust control system and method for coal transport railway tunnels, which can fundamentally improve the driving and operating environment of coal transport railway tunnels.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A coal transport railway tunnel induction-type pressure relief and dust control system includes an external pressure relief and dust control device, an internal rectifier device, an internal constant pressure and air control device, a first sensor, and a second sensor. The external pressure relief and dust control device is installed in front of the tunnel entrance section, including a pressure relief and rectification channel and a pressure relief and dust control channel. The pressure relief and dust control channel is located behind the pressure relief and rectification channel and its rear end is connected to the tunnel entrance end face. The pressure relief and rectification channel has a number of pressure relief and drainage holes evenly spaced along its length on both sides of its sidewalls. The pressure relief and dust control channel has a number of pressure relief and drainage hole groups along its length on both sides of its sidewalls. Atomizing nozzle groups are installed on both sides of the pressure relief and dust control channel between two adjacent pressure relief and drainage hole groups. Each pressure relief and drainage hole group includes a number of pressure relief and drainage holes, and each atomizing nozzle group includes a number of atomizing nozzles. The built-in rectifier is located at the top of the tunnel entrance section and includes several built-in rectifier plates arranged along the length of the tunnel and inclined toward the tunnel entrance end face; the inclination angle of the built-in rectifier plates gradually decreases away from the tunnel entrance end face until they are completely horizontal. The built-in constant pressure and air control device is installed at the top of the tunnel entrance section and in front of the built-in rectifier device. The built-in constant pressure and air control device is a ventilator. The first sensor is located in front of the external pressure relief and dust control device, and the second sensor is located at the tunnel entrance end face.

[0006] Furthermore, the pressure relief and rectification channel has a gradually narrowing arch structure, and the pressure relief and rectification channel gradually narrows from the air inlet end face away from the pressure relief and dust control channel to the connection end face near the pressure relief and dust control channel at an angle of 5° to 15°.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressure relief and dust control channel is a double-layer concentric arch structure, including an inner pressure relief layer and an outer dust control layer. The pressure relief and venting hole group on the pressure relief and dust control channel is located on the inner pressure relief layer, and a number of airflow dust collection holes are provided on the outer dust control layer. An airflow dust collection channel is formed between the outer dust control layer and the inner pressure relief layer, and an airflow dust collection port is formed on the side of the airflow dust collection channel near the pressure relief and rectification channel. Dust collection nets are provided on both the airflow dust collection port and the airflow dust collection holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner pressure relief layer of the pressure relief and rectification channel and the pressure relief and dust control channel is made of solid PC endurance board; the outer dust control layer of the pressure relief and dust control channel is made of noise reduction board.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust collection channel is equipped with several 360° rotating spray flushing mechanisms evenly arranged along its length. Each 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism includes a rotating base, a nozzle mounting seat above the rotating base, at least one air atomizing nozzle facing the oncoming vehicle direction on the front side of the nozzle mounting seat, and at least one downward-sloping high-pressure atomizing nozzle on each of the left and right sides of the nozzle mounting seat, with the high-pressure atomizing nozzle having an angle of 30° to 45° with the horizontal plane.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of pressure relief holes in the pressure relief hole group gradually decreases towards the tunnel entrance section, the area of ​​the pressure relief holes in each pressure relief hole group gradually decreases towards the tunnel entrance section, and the axial distance between two adjacent pressure relief hole groups gradually increases towards the tunnel entrance section.

[0011] Furthermore, dust concentration detectors are installed on both sides of the pressure relief and dust control channel located between two adjacent groups of pressure relief and venting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a negative pressure dust extraction device, wherein two sets of the negative pressure dust extraction device are provided, and the two sets of the negative pressure dust extraction device are symmetrically arranged on both sides in front of the external pressure relief dust control device, and the exhaust ports of the two sets of the negative pressure dust extraction device extend into the sidewalks on both sides of the external pressure relief dust control device through telescopic air ducts.

[0013] This invention also provides a control method for inductive pressure relief dust control in coal transport railway tunnels, utilizing the aforementioned inductive pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels, comprising the following steps: (1) When the coal train is heading into the railway tunnel, when the first sensor detects the head of the coal train, it controls the atomizing nozzle group, 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism and built-in constant pressure air control device of the external pressure relief dust control device to be turned on, so as to form a negative pressure humidification environment in the driving space of the external pressure relief dust control device and a positive pressure ventilation environment in the driving space of the tunnel entrance section. (2) When the coal train is about to arrive at the tunnel entrance face, the second sensor identifies the front of the coal train and controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to shut down; (3) When the first sensor detects the rear of the coal train, the atomizing nozzle group and the 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism are controlled to shut down 1 to 10 minutes after the coal train passes; (4) When the second sensor detects the rear of the coal train, it controls the built-in pressure control and ventilation control device to turn on again, and controls the built-in pressure control and ventilation control device to turn off after 1 to 5 minutes.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: during the process of a coal train entering a railway tunnel, dust concentration sensors monitor the dust concentration in the running space inside the external pressure relief dust control device in real time. When the dust concentration of one of the dust concentration sensors exceeds 50 mg / m³, the dust concentration sensor will detect the dust concentration in the running space. 3 At that time, the negative pressure dust extraction device should be turned on until the dust concentration is below 50 mg / m³. 3 When necessary, the negative pressure dust extraction device should be shut down.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an inductive pressure relief and dust control system and method for coal-carrying railway tunnels. It addresses the entire process of a coal-carrying train entering the tunnel: "before entering the tunnel, at the moment of entry, during entry, and after complete entry." First, when the train is about to enter the tunnel, induction and linkage control are implemented to pre-create a negative pressure humidified environment within the system. Second, at the moment of entry, the system counteracts, rectifyes, and actively relieves positive pressure impacts while simultaneously capturing and purifying dust carried in the airflow. Third, during entry, the system rectifyes the airflow over the train's roof to prevent coal spillage and dust generation, while also using negative pressure dust extraction to purify dust induced by the wheels. Finally, after the train has fully entered the tunnel, the system replenishes the negative pressure vacuum zone at the rear of the train to prevent high-speed turbulence and secondary dust pollution. This fundamentally improves the operating environment of coal-carrying railway tunnels. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inductive pressure relief dust control system of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the installation of the built-in constant pressure and air control device and the built-in rectifier in the tunnel entrance section; Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the external dust control layer; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism.

[0018] The image is labeled as follows: 1. External pressure relief and dust control device; 101. Pressure relief and rectification channel; 102. Pressure relief and dust control channel; 103. Inner pressure relief layer; 104. Outer dust control layer; 105. Pressure relief and venting hole; 106. First pressure relief and venting hole group; 107. Second pressure relief and venting hole group; 108. Third pressure relief and venting hole group; 109. Fourth pressure relief and venting hole group; 110. Fifth pressure relief and venting hole group; 111. Atomizing nozzle group; 112. Dust concentration detector 113. Dust collection channel; 114. Dust collection hole; 115. 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism; 1151. Rotating base; 1152. Nozzle mounting base; 1153. Air atomizing nozzle; 1154. High-pressure atomizing nozzle; 2. Negative pressure dust extraction device; 3. Built-in rectifier device; 301. Built-in rectifier plate; 4. Built-in constant pressure air control device; 5. First sensor; 6. Second sensor; 7. Tunnel entrance section. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides an inductive pressure relief dust control system and method for coal transport railway tunnels. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-5 This embodiment provides an inductive pressure relief dust control system for a coal transport railway tunnel, including an external pressure relief dust control device 1, a negative pressure dust extraction device 2, an internal rectifier device 3, an internal constant pressure air control device 4, a first sensor 5, and a second sensor 6. The external pressure relief dust control device 1 is located in front of the tunnel entrance section 7. The negative pressure dust extraction device 2 is located in front of the external pressure relief dust control device 1. The internal rectifier device 3 and the internal constant pressure air control device 4 are located at the top inside the tunnel entrance section, with the internal constant pressure air control device 4 located in front of the internal rectifier device 3. The first sensor 5 is located in front of the external pressure relief dust control device 1, and the distance between the first sensor 5 and the external pressure relief dust control device 1 is 500~1000m. The second sensor 6 is located at the front end of the tunnel entrance face.

[0022] Specifically, the aforementioned external pressure relief and dust control device 1 includes a pressure relief and rectification channel 101 and a pressure relief and dust control channel 102. The pressure relief and dust control channel 102 is located at the rear of the pressure relief and rectification channel 101, and its rear end is connected to the tunnel entrance end face. The external pressure relief and dust control device 1 is stabilized by a concrete foundation and supported by a steel structure. The pressure relief and rectification channel 101 has a gradually narrowing arch structure with a total length of 10-30m. The pressure relief and rectification channel 101 is made of solid PC endurance board. 1. The air inlet end face away from the pressure relief and dust control channel 102 gradually narrows at an angle of 5° to 15° to the connecting end face near the pressure relief and dust control channel 102, and the connecting end face of the pressure relief and rectification channel 101 has the same size and cross-sectional shape as the tunnel entrance end face; the pressure relief and dust control channel 102 is a double-layer concentric arch structure with a total length of 10 to 50m, including an inner pressure relief layer 103 and an outer dust control layer 104 with a spacing of 1 to 2m between them. The inner pressure relief layer 103 is made of solid PC endurance board, and the outer dust control layer 104 is made of noise reduction board.

[0023] Specifically, the two side walls of the aforementioned pressure relief and rectification channel 101 are provided with 3 to 5 rectangular pressure relief and drainage holes 105 of the same size at equal intervals along its length. The pressure relief and drainage holes are 1.5 to 2m long, 1.5 to 2m high, and the lower edge is 2 to 5m from the ground.

[0024] Specifically, the inner pressure relief layer 103 of the aforementioned pressure relief and dust control channel 102 has first to fifth pressure relief and drainage hole groups (106-110) arranged along its length on both sides of its sidewalls. Each pressure relief and drainage hole group includes several pressure relief and drainage holes, and the pressure relief and drainage holes in each group are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction. The number of pressure relief and drainage holes in the pressure relief and drainage hole group gradually decreases towards the tunnel entrance section, the area of ​​the pressure relief and drainage holes in the pressure relief and drainage hole group gradually decreases towards the tunnel entrance section, and the axial distance between two adjacent pressure relief and drainage hole groups gradually increases towards the tunnel entrance section. More specifically, the first pressure relief and venting hole group 106 includes 3-4 rectangular pressure relief and venting holes with a length of 1.5-2m and a height of 1-1.2m; the second pressure relief and venting hole group 107 includes 3-4 rectangular pressure relief and venting holes with a length of 1.5-2m and a height of 0.8-1m; the third pressure relief and venting hole group 108 includes 2-3 rectangular pressure relief and venting holes with a length of 1-1.5m and a height of 0.6-0.8m; the fourth pressure relief and venting hole group 109 includes 2-3 rectangular pressure relief and venting holes with a length of 0.5-1m and a height of 0.3-0.5m; and the fifth pressure relief and venting hole group 110 includes 1-2 rectangular pressure relief and venting holes with a length of 0.3-0.5m and a height of 0.3-0.5m, and the lower edge of the lowest pressure relief and venting hole in the first to fifth pressure relief and venting hole groups is 1-3m from the ground.

[0025] Specifically, atomizing nozzle groups 111 and dust concentration detectors 112 are also provided on the side walls of the inner pressure relief layer 103 located between two adjacent groups of pressure relief and venting holes, and each group of atomizing nozzle groups 111 includes several atomizing nozzles. More specifically, each group of atomizing nozzle groups 111 includes 1 to 12 atomizing nozzles that can form a long-distance wide-angle solid cone; the dust concentration detectors 112 are located at the breathing height of the workers, 1.4 to 1.6 meters above the ground.

[0026] Specifically, an escaping dust collection channel 113 is formed between the outer dust control layer 104 and the inner pressure relief layer 103 of the aforementioned pressure relief and dust control channel 102. The escaping dust collection channel 113 forms an annular escaping dust collection port on one side near the pressure relief and rectification channel 101, and the other side connects with the tunnel entrance end face rock wall to form a closed end. Several escaping dust collection holes 114 are provided on the outer dust control layer 104 of the aforementioned pressure relief and dust control channel 102. Dust collection nets are provided on the aforementioned escaping dust collection ports and escaping dust collection holes 114. In addition, the aforementioned dust collection channel 113 is provided with several 360° rotating spray flushing mechanisms 115 evenly arranged along its length. The aforementioned 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism 115 includes a rotating base 1151 driven by a rotating motor, and a nozzle mounting seat 1152 is provided above the rotating base 1151. One or two air atomizing nozzles 1153 facing the oncoming vehicle direction are provided on the front side of the aforementioned nozzle mounting seat 1152 to form a micro-mist environment in the dust collection channel. Two or four downwardly inclined high-pressure atomizing nozzles 1154 are provided on the left and right sides of the aforementioned nozzle mounting seat 1152, and the angle between the high-pressure atomizing nozzles and the horizontal plane is 30° to 45°, to flush the top of the inner pressure relief layer 103 and the annular dust collection port and dust collection hole in real time to avoid the accumulation of settled dust.

[0027] Specifically, the built-in rectifier 3 includes a plurality of built-in rectifier plates 301 arranged along the tunnel length direction and inclined toward the tunnel entrance end face. The inclination angle of the built-in rectifier plates 301 gradually decreases in the direction away from the tunnel entrance end face until they are completely horizontal.

[0028] Specifically, the aforementioned built-in pressure-regulating and air-controlling device 4 is a ventilation fan, which can specifically be a mine explosion-proof forced-in local ventilation fan, used to dynamically adjust and balance the pressure at the tunnel entrance section.

[0029] Specifically, the aforementioned negative pressure dust extraction device 2 is provided in two sets. The two sets of negative pressure dust extraction devices 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides in front of the external pressure relief dust control device 1, and the exhaust ports of the two sets of negative pressure dust extraction devices 2 extend into the sidewalks on both sides of the external pressure relief dust control device 1 through telescopic air ducts. The aforementioned negative pressure dust extraction device 2 specifically adopts a mine explosion-proof wet dust removal fan, which is used to extract dust from the sidewalks on both sides of the external pressure relief dust control device, especially the dust induced by the lower rolling wheels.

[0030] In addition, the induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels provided in this embodiment also includes a controller. The aforementioned atomizing nozzle group, 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism, dust concentration detector, built-in constant pressure air control device, and negative pressure dust extraction device are all connected to the controller, and automatic control can be achieved through a pre-set control program.

[0031] This embodiment utilizes the aforementioned induction-type pressure relief dust control system in the coal transport railway tunnel for dust control, including the following steps: (1) When the coal train is heading into the railway tunnel, when the first sensor detects the head of the coal train, it controls the atomizing nozzle group, 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism and built-in constant pressure air control device of the external pressure relief dust control device to be turned on, so as to form a negative pressure humidification environment in the driving space of the external pressure relief dust control device and a positive pressure ventilation environment in the driving space of the tunnel entrance section. In this step, the moment the coal train enters the external pressure relief and dust control device, the positive pressure impact intensity formed in front of the train head is significantly offset and weakened by the pre-created negative pressure environment. Then, the impact airflow undergoes flow pattern adjustment and air distribution pressure relief through the pressure relief rectification channel and the inner pressure relief layer of the pressure relief and dust control channel, resulting in a significant reduction in flow rate and velocity. In addition, the outward airflow also flows to the external atmosphere through the outward airflow dust collection channel, via the annular outward airflow dust collection port and the outward airflow dust collection hole, thereby achieving pressure relief. At the same time, some of the dust carried in the airflow condenses and settles as mist droplets in the pre-created humid environment, while other dust is captured by the dust collection net of the annular outward airflow dust collection port and the outward airflow dust collection hole, and is continuously cleaned and flushed in real time by the 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism, preventing the accumulation of settled dust. (2) When the coal train is about to arrive at the tunnel entrance face, the second sensor identifies the front of the coal train and controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to shut down; In this step, when the second sensor detects the front of the coal train, it controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to close, which can prevent the positive pressure jet formed by the built-in constant pressure and air control device from impacting the top of the car body; at the same time, the induced airflow formed on the top of the car body is gradually stabilized into axial movement under the action of the built-in rectifier plate, preventing the top vortex from disturbing the dust suppressant solidification layer on the surface of the coal and preventing coal falling and dust. (3) When the first sensor detects the rear of the coal train, the atomizing nozzle group and the 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism are controlled to shut down 1 to 10 minutes after the coal train passes; (4) When the second sensor detects the rear of the coal train, it controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to turn on again, and controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to turn off after 1 to 5 minutes. In this step, when the second sensor detects the rear of the coal train, it controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to be activated again. This can create a positive pressure jet with a certain speed in the tunnel to actively fill the negative pressure vacuum zone formed at the rear of the train body, reducing the intensity of eddy current disturbance after the train passes and avoiding secondary dust pollution.

[0032] In addition, as the coal train travels into the railway tunnel, dust concentration sensors monitor the dust concentration in the travel space within the external pressure relief dust control device in real time. When the dust concentration of one of the dust concentration sensors exceeds 50 mg / m³, the dust concentration will be detected. 3 At that time, the negative pressure dust extraction device should be turned on until the dust concentration is below 50 mg / m³. 3 When necessary, the negative pressure dust extraction device should be shut off. The negative pressure dust extraction device can remove and purify dust induced by externally mounted pressure-relief dust control devices on sidewalks, especially from the rolling wheels underneath.

[0033] It should be noted that any parts not mentioned in this invention can be achieved by using or referencing existing technologies.

[0034] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensor-based pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels, characterized in that, It includes an external pressure relief and dust control device, an internal rectifier device, an internal constant pressure and air control device, a first sensor, and a second sensor; The external pressure relief and dust control device is installed in front of the tunnel entrance section, including a pressure relief and rectification channel and a pressure relief and dust control channel. The pressure relief and dust control channel is located behind the pressure relief and rectification channel and its rear end is connected to the tunnel entrance end face. The pressure relief and rectification channel has a number of pressure relief and drainage holes evenly spaced along its length on both sides of its sidewalls. The pressure relief and dust control channel has a number of pressure relief and drainage hole groups along its length on both sides of its sidewalls. Atomizing nozzle groups are installed on both sides of the pressure relief and dust control channel between two adjacent pressure relief and drainage hole groups. Each pressure relief and drainage hole group includes a number of pressure relief and drainage holes, and each atomizing nozzle group includes a number of atomizing nozzles. The built-in rectifier is located at the top of the tunnel entrance section and includes several built-in rectifier plates arranged along the length of the tunnel and inclined toward the tunnel entrance end face; the inclination angle of the built-in rectifier plates gradually decreases away from the tunnel entrance end face until they are completely horizontal. The built-in constant pressure and air control device is installed at the top of the tunnel entrance section and in front of the built-in rectifier device. The built-in constant pressure and air control device is a ventilator. The first sensor is located in front of the external pressure relief and dust control device, and the second sensor is located at the front end of the tunnel entrance face.

2. The induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief and rectification channel has a gradually narrowing arch structure, and the pressure relief and rectification channel gradually narrows from the air inlet end face away from the pressure relief and dust control channel to the connection end face near the pressure relief and dust control channel at an angle of 5° to 15°.

3. The induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief and dust control channel is a double-layer concentric arch structure, including an inner pressure relief layer and an outer dust control layer. The pressure relief and venting hole group on the pressure relief and dust control channel is located on the inner pressure relief layer, and the outer dust control layer is provided with a number of airflow dust collection holes. An airflow dust collection channel is formed between the outer dust control layer and the inner pressure relief layer, and an airflow dust collection port is formed on the side of the airflow dust collection channel near the pressure relief and rectification channel. Dust collection nets are provided on the airflow dust collection port and the airflow dust collection holes.

4. The induction-type pressure relief and dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner pressure relief layer of the pressure relief and rectification channel and the pressure relief and dust control channel is made of solid PC endurance board; the outer dust control layer of the pressure relief and dust control channel is made of noise reduction board.

5. The induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dust collection channel is equipped with several 360° rotating spray flushing mechanisms evenly arranged along its length. Each 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism includes a rotating base, a nozzle mounting seat above the rotating base, at least one air atomizing nozzle facing the direction of oncoming vehicles on the front side of the nozzle mounting seat, and at least one downward-sloping high-pressure atomizing nozzle on each of the left and right sides of the nozzle mounting seat, with the high-pressure atomizing nozzle forming an angle of 30° to 45° with the horizontal plane.

6. The induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of pressure relief holes in the pressure relief hole group gradually decreases towards the tunnel entrance section, the area of ​​the pressure relief holes in each pressure relief hole group gradually decreases towards the tunnel entrance section, and the axial distance between two adjacent pressure relief hole groups gradually increases towards the tunnel entrance section.

7. The induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that, Dust concentration detectors are installed on both sides of the pressure relief and dust control channel located between two adjacent groups of pressure relief and venting holes.

8. The induction-type pressure relief dust control system for coal transport railway tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a negative pressure dust extraction device, which is provided in two sets. The two sets of negative pressure dust extraction devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides in front of the external pressure relief and dust control device, and the exhaust ports of the two sets of negative pressure dust extraction devices extend into the sidewalks on both sides of the external pressure relief and dust control device through telescopic air ducts.

9. A method for controlling dust in a coal transport railway tunnel using inductive pressure relief, utilizing the inductive pressure relief dust control system for a coal transport railway tunnel as described in claim 8, characterized in that... Including the following steps: (1) When the coal train is heading into the railway tunnel, when the first sensor detects the head of the coal train, it controls the atomizing nozzle group, 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism and built-in constant pressure air control device of the external pressure relief dust control device to be turned on, so as to form a negative pressure humidification environment in the driving space of the external pressure relief dust control device and a positive pressure ventilation environment in the driving space of the tunnel entrance section. (2) When the coal train is about to arrive at the tunnel entrance face, the second sensor identifies the front of the coal train and controls the built-in constant pressure and air control device to shut down; (3) When the first sensor detects the rear of the coal train, the atomizing nozzle group and the 360° rotating spray flushing mechanism are controlled to shut down 1 to 10 minutes after the coal train passes; (4) When the second sensor detects the rear of the coal train, it controls the built-in pressure control and ventilation control device to turn on again, and controls the built-in pressure control and ventilation control device to turn off after 1 to 5 minutes.

10. The control method for inductive pressure relief dust control in a coal transport railway tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: As the coal train travels into the railway tunnel, dust concentration detectors monitor the dust concentration in the running space within the external pressure relief dust control device in real time. If the dust concentration at one of the detectors exceeds 50 mg / m³... 3 At that time, the negative pressure dust extraction device should be turned on until the dust concentration is below 50 mg / m³. 3 When necessary, the negative pressure dust extraction device should be shut down.

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