Based on the recovery system of waste heat after carbon dioxide compression

Abstract

This invention provides a system for recovering waste heat from carbon dioxide compression, relating to the field of coal-fired power generation technology. The recovery system includes: a compression device for increasing the pressure of carbon dioxide gas; a cooling and recovery device for cooling the initial carbon dioxide to a first set temperature and recovering and outputting the heat from the initial carbon dioxide; multiple towers, with the tower containing the adsorbent saturated with water vapor being a regeneration tower, and the tower containing the adsorbent not saturated with water vapor being a working tower; a heating component for receiving the heat output from the cooling and recovery device to preheat the carbon dioxide to a second set temperature and for supplying regenerated carbon dioxide into the regeneration tower to dry the adsorbent inside the regeneration tower; and a processing component for cooling the pretreated carbon dioxide and separating the water vapor from the pretreated carbon dioxide. This solves the problem in existing technologies for capturing carbon dioxide gas from flue gas generated by coal-fired units, where the heat generated during the compression of carbon dioxide gas cannot be effectively utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal-fired power generation technology, and more specifically, to a system for recovering waste heat from carbon dioxide compression. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon capture technology based on chemical absorption is currently the most widely applicable carbon reduction technology for coal-fired power units. In the capture process, CO2 captured by the flue gas through a water washing system and an absorption-desorption system must sequentially pass through a compression system, a drying system, and a liquefaction system to obtain liquid CO2 products for subsequent transportation and utilization. In the compression system, a large amount of heat is released during CO2 compression, resulting in a high CO2 temperature at the compression system outlet. Since the temperature of the carbon dioxide gas entering the drying system is generally required to not exceed 40°C, in conventional processes, the CO2 gas discharged from the compression system outlet must be cooled before entering the drying system. Currently, the traditional method mainly uses heat exchangers to cool the CO2 gas through circulating water, such as the 500,000 tons / year carbon capture demonstration project at Guoneng Taizhou Power Plant (the largest in Asia) and the 150,000 tons / year carbon capture demonstration project at Jinjie Power Plant. However, this method results in the emission of usable low-grade heat energy into the surrounding environment, causing resource waste and hindering the energy conservation and carbon reduction of the CO2 capture system.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can solve at least one of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for recovering the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression, which solves the problem in the prior art where the heat generated during the compression of carbon dioxide gas cannot be effectively utilized when carbon capture devices capture carbon dioxide gas from flue gas generated by coal-fired power units.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression for recovering carbon dioxide gas generated by a carbon capture device. The recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression includes: A compression device is used to compress the carbon dioxide gas produced by the carbon capture device to increase the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas and form high-temperature, high-pressure initial carbon dioxide. A cooling and recovery device, connected to the compression device, is used to cool the initial carbon dioxide to a first set temperature, forming preheated carbon dioxide, and to recover and output the heat of the initial carbon dioxide. Multiple towers, each tower having a pair of air inlets and outlets, each tower containing an adsorbent that adsorbs water vapor from preheated carbon dioxide. The tower containing the adsorbent saturated with water vapor is the regeneration tower, and the tower containing the adsorbent not saturated with water vapor is the working tower. The air inlets of the working tower and the regeneration tower are selectively connected to the cooling and recovery device, and the air outlet of the regeneration tower is selectively connected to the air inlet of the working tower. A heating component is disposed between the cooling and recovery device and the air inlet of the regeneration tower. It is used to receive the heat output by the cooling and recovery device to heat the preheated carbon dioxide to a second set temperature to form regenerated carbon dioxide, and to transport the regenerated carbon dioxide into the regeneration tower to dry the adsorbent in the regeneration tower. The regenerated carbon dioxide after drying the adsorbent forms pretreated carbon dioxide. The processing component is located between the outlet of the regeneration tower and the inlet of the working tower. It is used to cool the pretreated carbon dioxide and separate the water vapor in the pretreated carbon dioxide to form treated carbon dioxide, and then deliver the treated carbon dioxide to the working tower.

[0006] Specifically, the cooling and recovery device has a liquid refrigerant working fluid. The cooling and recovery device is used to absorb the heat of the initial carbon dioxide through the refrigerant working fluid and form a high-temperature gaseous working fluid, and output the high-temperature gaseous working fluid to the heating component.

[0007] Specifically, the recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression further includes: a booster, disposed between the cooling recovery device and the heating component, for boosting the high-temperature gaseous working fluid to heat the preheated carbon dioxide fed into the regeneration tower by the high-temperature gaseous working fluid fed into the heating component, and the high-temperature gaseous working fluid after heating the preheated carbon dioxide forms a low-temperature liquid working fluid.

[0008] Specifically, the recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression further includes: a working fluid recovery bypass, which is set between the heating component and the cooling recovery device, for transporting the low-temperature liquid working fluid formed after heating and preheating the carbon dioxide back to the cooling recovery device.

[0009] Specifically, the system for recovering waste heat from carbon dioxide compression further includes a regulator, which is installed on the working fluid recovery bypass to reduce the pressure and temperature of the low-temperature liquid working fluid flowing through the working fluid recovery bypass, thereby forming a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant working fluid.

[0010] Specifically, the heating assembly includes a heater and heating pipes; The heater is installed on the heating pipeline to receive the heat output from the cooling recovery device to heat the preheated carbon dioxide to a second set temperature. One end of the heating pipeline is selectively connected to the cooling and recovery device, and the other end is selectively connected to the air inlet of the regeneration tower, for conveying preheated carbon dioxide and regenerated carbon dioxide.

[0011] Specifically, the processing component includes a cooler disposed between the outlet of the regeneration tower and the inlet of the working tower for cooling the pretreated carbon dioxide.

[0012] Specifically, the processing component further includes a separator disposed between the outlet of the regeneration tower and the inlet of the working tower, for separating water vapor from the pretreated carbon dioxide.

[0013] Specifically, the first set temperature is between 30℃ and 40℃, and the second set temperature is between 150℃ and 170℃.

[0014] Specifically, the system based on the recovery of waste heat after carbon dioxide compression also includes a carbon dioxide recoverer, which is connected to the outlet of the working tower and is used to recover the preheated carbon dioxide after drying.

[0015] This invention provides a waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression. When the compression device compresses and increases the pressure of carbon dioxide, it generates heat, raising the temperature of the carbon dioxide to form initial carbon dioxide. To better absorb water vapor from the initial carbon dioxide, a cooling recovery device is needed to lower the initial carbon dioxide to a first set temperature to form preheated carbon dioxide. Only preheated carbon dioxide at a suitable temperature can better absorb water vapor through the adsorbent in the working tower. To effectively utilize the heat in the initial carbon dioxide, the cooling recovery device recovers heat from the initial carbon dioxide while cooling it. This recovered heat is used to heat one path of preheated carbon dioxide fed into the regeneration tower. The heated preheated carbon dioxide becomes regenerated carbon dioxide with a second set temperature. The adsorbent in the over-regenerated carbon dioxide drying regeneration tower is dried so that the regeneration tower becomes a working tower. This allows the regeneration tower to absorb water vapor from the preheated carbon dioxide. The regenerated carbon dioxide after drying the adsorbent becomes pretreated carbon dioxide. The pretreated carbon dioxide is cooled and water vapor is separated by the treatment components to form treated carbon dioxide. The treated carbon dioxide is then sent into the working tower for drying. In this way, the heat of the initial carbon dioxide is recovered by the cooling recovery device and used by the heating components to dry the adsorbent in the regeneration tower. This makes use of heat and solves the problem in the existing carbon capture device that the heat generated during the compression of carbon dioxide gas cannot be effectively utilized when capturing carbon dioxide gas from the flue gas of the coal-fired unit.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression provided by the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1-Compression unit; 2-Cooling and recovery unit; 3-Working tower; 4-Regeneration tower; 5-Heating component; 6-Processing component; 7-Pressure booster; 8-Working fluid recovery bypass; 9-Regulator; 51-Heater; 52-Heating pipeline; 61-Cooler; 62-Separator. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression for recovering carbon dioxide gas generated by a carbon capture device. The recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression includes: Compression device 1 is used to compress the carbon dioxide gas generated by the carbon capture device to increase the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas and form high temperature and high pressure initial carbon dioxide. The cooling and recovery device 2 is connected to the compression device 1 and is used to cool the initial carbon dioxide to a first set temperature to form preheated carbon dioxide, and to recover and output the heat of the initial carbon dioxide. Multiple towers, each tower having a pair of air inlets and outlets, each tower containing an adsorbent that can adsorb water vapor from preheated carbon dioxide. The tower containing the adsorbent saturated with water vapor is the regeneration tower 4, and the tower containing the adsorbent that is not saturated with water vapor is the working tower 3. The air inlets of the working tower 3 and the regeneration tower 4 are selectively connected to the cooling and recovery device 2, and the air outlet of the regeneration tower 4 is selectively connected to the air inlet of the working tower 3. Heating component 5 is disposed between the cooling recovery device 2 and the air inlet of the regeneration tower 4. It is used to receive the heat output by the cooling recovery device 2 to heat the preheated carbon dioxide to the second set temperature to form regenerated carbon dioxide, and to transport the regenerated carbon dioxide into the regeneration tower 4 to dry the adsorbent in the regeneration tower 4. The regenerated carbon dioxide after drying the adsorbent forms pretreated carbon dioxide. The processing component 6 is located between the outlet of the regeneration tower 4 and the inlet of the working tower 3. It is used to cool the pretreated carbon dioxide and separate the water vapor in the pretreated carbon dioxide to form treated carbon dioxide, and then transport the treated carbon dioxide to the working tower 3.

[0021] The present invention provides a carbon dioxide compression waste heat recovery system connected to a carbon capture device. The carbon capture device captures and recovers carbon dioxide from the flue gas of a coal-fired unit. The captured carbon dioxide gas is then sent to a compression device 1 connected to the carbon capture device. The compression device 1 first compresses the carbon dioxide gas to increase its pressure. The compression of carbon dioxide generates heat, which increases both the pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide, forming high-temperature, high-pressure initial carbon dioxide. The adsorbent in the tower can absorb the water vapor in the initial carbon dioxide. However, to better absorb the water vapor in the initial carbon dioxide, the temperature of the initial carbon dioxide needs to be lowered to a suitable first set temperature for absorption. The first set temperature is between 30°C and 40°C, so that the initial carbon dioxide becomes preheated carbon dioxide at a lower temperature. Only then can the adsorbent in the working tower 3 better absorb the water vapor in the preheated carbon dioxide. After being dried by the working tower 3, the preheated carbon dioxide is discharged from the outlet of the working tower 3 into a carbon dioxide recovery unit. The carbon dioxide recovery unit is connected to a subsequent liquefaction device, which liquefies the gaseous carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide recovery unit into liquid carbon dioxide product. In order to reduce the temperature of the initial carbon dioxide and recover the heat in the initial carbon dioxide, a cooling recovery device 2 is set up. The cooling recovery device 2 recovers the heat in the initial carbon dioxide, thereby forming preheated carbon dioxide with a lower temperature. The cooling recovery device 2 outputs the heat recovered from the initial carbon dioxide to the heating component 5. The preheated carbon dioxide formed after cooling by the cooling recovery device 2 is divided into two paths. One path is sent into the working tower 3, and the other path is heated by the heating component 5 and then sent into the regeneration tower 4.The cooling and recovery device 2 also outputs the recovered heat to the heating component 5. The heating component 5 uses the heat from the cooling and recovery device 2 to heat the preheated carbon dioxide entering the heating component 5 to a second set temperature, forming regenerated carbon dioxide with the second set temperature between 150℃ and 170℃. The regenerated carbon dioxide dries the adsorbent in the regeneration tower 4, thus transforming the regeneration tower 4 into a working tower 3 capable of absorbing water vapor. After drying the adsorbent in the regeneration tower 4, the regenerated carbon dioxide becomes pretreated carbon dioxide. The pretreated carbon dioxide is then cooled and separated from water vapor by the pretreatment component 6, becoming treated carbon dioxide. The treated carbon dioxide formed after processing by the pretreatment component 6 is also... The carbon dioxide is fed into the working tower 3 for drying. After drying, the carbon dioxide is recovered by a carbon dioxide recovery unit. The carbon dioxide compression-based waste heat recovery system provided by this invention cools the initial carbon dioxide to pre-temperature carbon dioxide with the best water vapor absorption effect through the cooling recovery device 2. At the same time, the cooling recovery device 2 also recovers the heat in the initial carbon dioxide generated after the compression device 1 compresses the carbon dioxide. The heating component uses the heat to heat the pre-temperature carbon dioxide fed into the regeneration tower, which then forms regenerated carbon dioxide with a higher temperature to dry the adsorbent in the regeneration tower 4. This solves the problem in the prior art that the heat generated during the compression of carbon dioxide gas cannot be effectively utilized when carbon capture devices capture carbon dioxide gas in the flue gas generated by coal-fired units, thus avoiding energy waste.

[0022] The cooling and recovery device 2, designed to cool the initial carbon dioxide and recover its heat, employs a liquid refrigerant. This refrigerant absorbs heat from the initial carbon dioxide, forming a high-temperature gaseous working fluid, which is then output to the heating assembly 5. Through heat exchange between the liquid refrigerant and the initial carbon dioxide, the refrigerant absorbs heat and becomes a high-temperature gaseous working fluid. This high-temperature gaseous working fluid is then piped to the heating assembly 5, providing heat output. The high-temperature gaseous working fluid entering the heating assembly 5 exchanges heat with the pre-heated carbon dioxide, which has been cooled by the cooling and recovery device 2. This raises the temperature of the pre-heated carbon dioxide to a second set temperature, resulting in higher-temperature regenerated carbon dioxide. The high-temperature gaseous working fluid, after heat exchange with the pre-heated carbon dioxide, transforms into a low-temperature liquid working fluid. To improve energy efficiency, this low-temperature liquid working fluid is returned to the cooling and recovery device 2.

[0023] To ensure the smooth delivery of the high-temperature gaseous working fluid into the heating assembly 5, the waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression further includes a booster 7, located between the cooling recovery device 2 and the heating assembly 5. This booster 7 pressurizes the high-temperature gaseous working fluid to heat the preheated carbon dioxide fed into the regeneration tower 4, thus transforming the preheated carbon dioxide into a low-temperature liquid working fluid. The booster 7 is a compressor, allowing the pressurized high-temperature gaseous working fluid to be delivered into the heating assembly 5 more quickly for heat exchange with the preheated carbon dioxide.

[0024] In order to recover the cryogenic liquid working fluid, the recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression also includes: a working fluid recovery bypass 8, which is set between the heating component 5 and the cooling recovery device 2, for transporting the cryogenic liquid working fluid formed after heating and preheating carbon dioxide back to the cooling recovery device 2.

[0025] To improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling and recovery device 2, the recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression further includes a regulator 9, installed on the working fluid recovery bypass 8, used to reduce the pressure and temperature of the cryogenic liquid working fluid flowing through the working fluid recovery bypass 8, forming a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant working fluid. By cooling and depressurizing the cryogenic liquid working fluid through the regulator 9, the cryogenic liquid working fluid becomes a refrigerant working fluid that can better exchange heat with the initial carbon dioxide.

[0026] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, in order to send the preheated carbon dioxide cooled by the cooling and recovery device 2 into the heating component 5, the heating component 5 includes a heater 51 and a heating pipe 52. The heater 51 is installed on the heating pipe 52 and is used to receive the heat output by the cooling recovery device 2 to heat the preheated carbon dioxide to the second set temperature. One end of the heating pipe 52 is selectively connected to the cooling and recovery device 2, and the other end is selectively connected to the air inlet of the regeneration tower 4, for conveying preheated carbon dioxide and regenerated carbon dioxide.

[0027] When the heating pipe 52 is connected to the cooling recovery device 2 and the regeneration tower 4, a preheated carbon dioxide after cooling treatment by the cooling recovery device 2 is sent to the heater 51 through the heating pipe 52. The heater 51 is a condenser. The heater 51 is connected to the cooling recovery device 2 through a pipe, so that the high-temperature gaseous working fluid of the cooling recovery device 2 can be sent into the heater 51 through the pipe. The high-temperature gaseous working fluid entering the heater 51 exchanges heat with the preheated carbon dioxide sent into the heater 51 through the heating pipe 52. After losing heat, the high-temperature gaseous working fluid becomes a liquid low-temperature liquid working fluid. The low-temperature liquid working fluid returns to the cooling recovery device 2 through the working fluid recovery bypass 8. In order to achieve a better heat exchange effect for the low-temperature liquid working fluid, the low-temperature liquid working fluid is cooled and depressurized by the regulator 9 before entering the cooling recovery device 2, and then becomes a refrigerant working fluid. The preheated carbon dioxide that obtains heat from the high-temperature gaseous working fluid becomes regenerated carbon dioxide at a higher temperature. The regenerated carbon dioxide dries the adsorbent in the regeneration tower 4.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are two regeneration towers 4 with adsorbents already saturated with water vapor. The two regeneration towers 4 are connected in series. Regenerated carbon dioxide passes through the regeneration towers 4 sequentially to dry the adsorbents in the regeneration towers 4. After the regenerated carbon dioxide dries the adsorbents in the regeneration towers 4, it becomes pretreated carbon dioxide with a lower temperature and higher water vapor content. In order to recover the pretreated carbon dioxide, a processing component 6 is set between the air inlets of the regeneration towers 4 connected in series at the end. The processing component 6 includes a cooler 61, which is set between the air outlet of the regeneration tower 4 and the air inlet of the working tower 3, for cooling the pretreated carbon dioxide.

[0029] The processing component 6 further includes a separator 62, which is disposed between the outlet of the regeneration tower 4 and the inlet of the working tower 3, for separating water vapor from the pretreated carbon dioxide.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the pretreated carbon dioxide discharged from the outlet of the series-connected end regeneration tower 4 enters the cooler 61, where it is further cooled. The cooler 61 is a regeneration gas condenser to reduce the temperature of the pretreated carbon dioxide to the first set temperature. Because the pretreated carbon dioxide has a higher water vapor content, in order to improve the drying effect, the cooled pretreated carbon dioxide passes through a separator 62 before entering the working tower 3 to separate a large amount of water vapor. The separator 62 is a regeneration gas separator. In this way, the temperature of the pretreated carbon dioxide is reduced to the optimal drying temperature, and a large amount of water vapor is also separated out. Then it enters the working tower 3 for final drying, which improves the drying effect.

[0031] This invention provides a waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression. When the compression device compresses and increases the pressure of carbon dioxide, it generates heat, raising the temperature of the carbon dioxide to form initial carbon dioxide. To better absorb water vapor from the initial carbon dioxide, a cooling recovery device is needed to lower the initial carbon dioxide to a first set temperature to form preheated carbon dioxide. Only preheated carbon dioxide at a suitable temperature can better absorb water vapor through the adsorbent in the working tower. To effectively utilize the heat in the initial carbon dioxide, the cooling recovery device recovers heat from the initial carbon dioxide while cooling it. This recovered heat is used to heat one path of preheated carbon dioxide fed into the regeneration tower. The heated preheated carbon dioxide becomes regenerated carbon dioxide with a second set temperature. The adsorbent in the over-regenerated carbon dioxide drying regeneration tower is dried so that the regeneration tower becomes a working tower. This allows the regeneration tower to absorb water vapor from the preheated carbon dioxide. The regenerated carbon dioxide after drying the adsorbent becomes pretreated carbon dioxide. The pretreated carbon dioxide is cooled and water vapor is separated by the treatment components to form treated carbon dioxide. The treated carbon dioxide is then sent into the working tower for drying. In this way, the heat of the initial carbon dioxide is recovered by the cooling recovery device and used by the heating components to dry the adsorbent in the regeneration tower. This makes use of heat and solves the problem in the existing carbon capture device that the heat generated during the compression of carbon dioxide gas cannot be effectively utilized when capturing carbon dioxide gas from the flue gas of the coal-fired unit.

[0032] The optional embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0034] Furthermore, various different implementations of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A recovery system based on the waste heat of compressed carbon dioxide, for recovering carbon dioxide gas generated by a carbon capture device, characterized by, The system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression includes: Compression device (1) is used to compress the carbon dioxide gas generated by the carbon capture device to increase the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas and form high temperature and high pressure initial carbon dioxide; The cooling and recovery device (2) is connected to the compression device (1) and is used to cool the initial carbon dioxide to a first set temperature to form preheated carbon dioxide and recover and output the heat of the initial carbon dioxide. Multiple towers, each tower having a pair of air inlets and outlets, each tower containing an adsorbent that can adsorb water vapor from preheated carbon dioxide. The tower containing the adsorbent saturated with water vapor is called the regeneration tower (4), and the tower containing the adsorbent that is not saturated with water vapor is called the working tower (3). The air inlets of the working tower (3) and the regeneration tower (4) are selectively connected to the cooling and recovery device (2), and the outlet of the regeneration tower (4) is selectively connected to the air inlet of the working tower (3). Heating component (5) is set between the cooling recovery device (2) and the air inlet of the regeneration tower (4) to receive the heat output by the cooling recovery device (2) to heat the preheated carbon dioxide to the second set temperature to form regenerated carbon dioxide, and to transport the regenerated carbon dioxide into the regeneration tower (4) to dry the adsorbent in the regeneration tower (4). The regenerated carbon dioxide after drying the adsorbent forms pretreated carbon dioxide. The processing component (6) is located between the outlet of the regeneration tower (4) and the inlet of the working tower (3) for cooling the pretreated carbon dioxide and separating the water vapor in the pretreated carbon dioxide to form treated carbon dioxide, and for conveying the treated carbon dioxide to the working tower (3).

2. The recovery system based on the waste heat of compressed carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized by, The cooling recovery device (2) has a liquid refrigerant working fluid. The cooling recovery device (2) is used to absorb the heat of the initial carbon dioxide through the refrigerant working fluid and form a high-temperature gaseous working fluid, and output the high-temperature gaseous working fluid to the heating component (5).

3. The waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression according to claim 2, characterized in that, The recovery system based on the residual heat after carbon dioxide compression also includes: a booster (7), which is set between the cooling recovery device (2) and the heating component (5) to boost the high-temperature gaseous working fluid to heat the preheated carbon dioxide sent into the regeneration tower (4) by the high-temperature gaseous working fluid fed into the heating component (5), and the high-temperature gaseous working fluid after heating the preheated carbon dioxide forms a low-temperature liquid working fluid.

4. The waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression according to claim 3, characterized in that, The recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression also includes: a working fluid recovery bypass (8), which is set between the heating component (5) and the cooling recovery device (2) for transporting the low-temperature liquid working fluid formed after heating and preheating carbon dioxide back to the cooling recovery device (2).

5. The waste heat recovery system based on carbon dioxide compression according to claim 4, characterized in that, The recovery system based on the waste heat after carbon dioxide compression also includes: a regulator (9), which is installed on the working fluid recovery bypass (8) to reduce the pressure and temperature of the low-temperature liquid working fluid flowing through the working fluid recovery bypass (8) to form a refrigerant working fluid.

6. The system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating assembly (5) includes a heater (51) and a heating pipe (52); The heater (51) is installed on the heating pipe (52) to receive the heat output by the cooling recovery device (2) to heat the preheated carbon dioxide to the second set temperature; One end of the heating pipeline (52) is selectively connected to the cooling and recovery device (2), and the other end is selectively connected to the air inlet of the regeneration tower (4) for conveying preheated carbon dioxide and regenerated carbon dioxide.

7. The system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression according to claim 4, characterized in that, The processing component (6) includes a cooler (61) disposed between the outlet of the regeneration tower (4) and the inlet of the working tower (3) for cooling the pretreated carbon dioxide.

8. The system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression according to claim 7, characterized in that, The processing component (6) further includes a separator (62) disposed between the outlet of the regeneration tower (4) and the inlet of the working tower (3) for separating water vapor from the pretreated carbon dioxide.

9. The system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first set temperature is between 30℃ and 40℃, and the second set temperature is between 150℃ and 170℃.

10. The system for recovering waste heat after carbon dioxide compression according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system based on the recovery of waste heat after carbon dioxide compression also includes a carbon dioxide recovery unit, which is connected to the outlet of the working tower (3) and is used to recover the preheated carbon dioxide after drying.

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