A terminal correction bullet based on a head assembly to realize target detection identification and ballistic control

Abstract

This invention discloses a final-stage correction bullet scheme based on a head-mounted detection and control component for target detection, identification, and ballistic control. This scheme enables precise target detection and identification, as well as precise control of the bullet's impact point during target-target encounter. The bullet's head-mounted component uses a laser detection and identification module to determine the relative position of the bullet and target, and whether it has missed the target, thus generating a terminal trajectory correction command. By controlling the roll angle of the bullet's head-mounted component relative to the bullet body, the aerodynamic force generated by a pair of counter-biased control surfaces is directed along the correction direction, achieving terminal trajectory correction. Another pair of co-biased auxiliary guide surfaces provide guiding torque, providing control torque for the guiding and balancing control motors of the bullet's head-mounted component. The final-stage correction bullet scheme described in this invention enables precise detection and identification of the relative position of the bullet and target, as well as precise control of the impact point during target-target encounter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an overall scheme for a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly to achieve target detection, identification, and ballistic control, thereby enabling precise control of the final-stage bullet's impact point. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, modern warfare places increasingly higher demands on weapon performance. The core of promoting the technological advancement of weapon systems lies in indicators such as cost, accuracy, and effectiveness. In the modern battlefield, characterized by complex environments and intense offensive and defensive confrontations, cluster munitions are widely used to attack high-value targets such as ground armored formations, naval vessels, and airport facilities due to their large destructive area, high lethality, and difficulty in interception.

[0003] Cluster warheads carry two types of munitions: guided and unguided. Unguided munitions, due to their inertial trajectory after being dispersed, have lower accuracy due to factors such as dispersion precision and aerodynamic interference. Conventional guided aircraft are expensive, complex in structure, and occupy a large space. Aircraft using flight trajectory control modules, on the other hand, offer a higher cost-effectiveness ratio and are suitable for mass-dispersed munitions.

[0004] Controlled-flight projectiles reduce the impact of random factors during and after the projectile process by adding guidance devices or flight trajectory control modules to the original uncontrolled projectiles, thereby reducing the final impact point dispersion and improving the hit rate against targets. This enables more efficient and precise strikes against high-value targets at sea or on land.

[0005] Traditional final-stage bullets are mainly controlled by servo motors with different aerodynamic layouts. The structure and control mechanism of final-stage bullets are relatively complex, and ballistic control cannot be achieved through a single control method, which greatly increases the system cost and structural complexity.

[0006] Employing an integrated design approach combining flight trajectory control and laser detection modules, a component combining target detection and ballistic control is added to the bullet's nose section. During the final stage of the bullet's trajectory, as it encounters its target after being ejected, the laser detection and recognition module in the nose section detects and identifies the target, determining the relative position of the bullet and the target, and whether it has missed its target, thus generating terminal trajectory correction commands. Ballistic correction is achieved using the aerodynamic forces generated by control surfaces with a fixed installation offset angle. Two-dimensional precise control of the bullet's impact point is realized through one-dimensional roll control of these fixed-offset control surfaces. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem solved by this invention:

[0008] To improve the accuracy of the final-shot bullet's impact point, an integrated design scheme is proposed, which combines target detection and identification with ballistic control by adding an integrated design to the bullet's head. By controlling the local relative rotation of the head assembly relative to the bullet body, target detection and identification are performed during the bullet-target encounter process, and ballistic correction commands are given. Then, by controlling the roll angle of the head assembly relative to the inertial coordinate system, the direction of the aerodynamic force generated by the control surfaces on the head assembly during flight is controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the final-shot bullet's impact point.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention:

[0010] A final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control includes: a tail fin assembly (1), a payload compartment (2), and a head assembly (3); wherein the tail fin assembly (1) is located at the tail of the final-stage bullet, the payload compartment (2) is located in front of the tail fin assembly (1), and the head assembly (3) is connected to the payload compartment (2) and located in front of the payload compartment (2).

[0011] The head assembly (3) of the final-repair bullet based on the head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control includes a fairing (4), control surfaces (5), auxiliary guide surfaces (6), a laser detection and identification module (7), a laser detection and identification module mounting plate (8), a control motor (9), a front bearing (10), a front bearing outer retaining ring (11), a front bearing inner retaining ring (12), a rear bearing (13), a rear bearing outer retaining ring (14), a rear bearing inner retaining ring (15), a bearing outer end cover (16), a bearing inner end cover (17), and a connecting shaft (18). The circuit module includes a laser detection and identification module circuit board (19) and a motor drive and system control circuit board (20).

[0012] The payload compartment (2) of the final-repair bullet based on the head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control is fixedly connected to the rear connector (22). The connecting shaft (18) included in the head assembly (3) is connected to the payload compartment (2) through the front bearing (10) and the rear bearing (13), and can rotate locally around the projectile axis.

[0013] The head assembly (3) of the terminal warhead for target detection, identification and ballistic control based on the head assembly includes a pair of control surfaces (5) mounted on the fairing (4) with a reverse installation offset angle. During the flight of the terminal warhead, they can generate aerodynamic forces in the same direction vertical to the wing surface, providing aerodynamic load for precise control of the terminal warhead's impact point. A pair of auxiliary guide surfaces (6) mounted on the fairing (4) have the same installation offset angle. During the flight of the terminal warhead, they can generate aerodynamic forces in the opposite direction vertical to the wing surface. The combined force is an aerodynamic torque around the warhead axis, which can guide the head assembly (3) and also serve as a load torque to balance the control torque of the control motor (9) included in the head assembly (3).

[0014] The tail fin assembly (1) of the final-stage bullet based on the head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control includes a rear end connector (22), a tail fin (23) and a tail fin pivot (24).

[0015] The tail fin assembly (1) of the final-stage bullet based on the head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control includes a rear end connector (22) on which six foldable tail fins (23) are evenly distributed in the circumference. The tail fins (23) can be flat or curved. The tail fins (23) have no installation offset angle and play a role in flight stability during the flight of the final-stage bullet.

[0016] The control motor (9) of the final-repair bullet based on the head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control is installed between the connecting shaft (18) and the payload chamber shell (21). The rotor part (26) of the control motor (9) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (18), and the stator part (25) of the control motor (9) is fixedly connected to the payload chamber shell (21).

[0017] The aforementioned final-stage bullet, which achieves target detection, identification, and ballistic control based on a head assembly, can control the rolling direction of the head assembly (3) by controlling the rotation speed of the control motor (9) when the bullet body is in a spinning state; and can control the rolling direction of the head assembly (3) by directly controlling the relative rotation angle between the rotor (26) and stator (25) of the control motor (9) when the bullet body is in a non-spinning state.

[0018] The head assembly (3) of the final-repair bullet, which achieves target detection, identification, and ballistic control based on a head assembly, includes a laser detection and identification module support plate (8) fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (18). The laser detection and identification module (7) fixedly connected to the laser detection and identification module support plate (8) has a laser detection emission axis that forms a certain angle with the bullet body axis. The laser detection and identification module (7) can achieve helical scanning of the target area as the final-repair bullet head assembly (3) rotates relative to the bullet body and the bullet falls. Figure 14 The laser detection emission pulse in the laser detection and identification module (7) is emitted through the emission window 7(a), and the reflected light on the target enters the photosensitive device of the laser detection and identification module (7) through the receiving window 7(b), so as to realize the target detection and identification during the missile-target encounter (such as a ship on the sea surface, where the reflectivity of the sea surface and the ship to the laser is significantly different), and give the judgment of the relative azimuth of the missile-target and whether it misses the target.

[0019] The process of achieving precise impact point control for a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control is as follows:

[0020] After the final bullet is ejected from the warhead, the six foldable tail fins (23) evenly distributed around the rear end connector (22) of the tail fin assembly (1) are deployed and positioned, and the tail fins (23) play a role in flight stabilization.

[0021] After the final-stage bullet has stabilized, the head assembly (3) is driven to rotate locally relative to the bullet body by the control motor (9) and a pair of auxiliary guide surfaces (6) included in the head assembly (3). The laser detection and identification module (7) included in the head assembly (3) begins to detect and identify the target.

[0022] After the laser detection and identification module (7) of the head assembly (3) provides the relative azimuth information of the bullet and the target, the roll angle of the head assembly (3) relative to the ground coordinate system is controlled in real time by the control motor (9) to realize the precise control of the final bullet landing point: the laser detection and identification module (7) of the head assembly (3) provides the relative azimuth of the final bullet and the target and the judgment of whether it misses the target, thereby forming the terminal ballistic correction command. The roll angle of the head assembly (3) relative to the ground coordinate system is controlled by the control motor (9), so that the aerodynamic force on the control surface (5) is along the correction direction to implement precise control of the final bullet landing point.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention provides a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control. It adopts an integrated design method of flight trajectory control and laser detection module. By adding a component that combines target detection, identification, and ballistic control to the head of the final-stage bullet, it is possible to achieve target detection, identification, and precise control of the impact point during bullet-target encounter.

[0025] 2. The present invention provides a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control. By controlling the roll direction of the control surfaces in real time through the head assembly, the aerodynamic force on the control surfaces is directed in the correction direction, thereby achieving precise control of the final-stage bullet's impact point and effectively improving the system efficiency of the final-stage bullet.

[0026] 3. The present invention provides a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control. By controlling the roll direction of the control surfaces in real time through the head assembly, the final-stage bullet can have a certain degree of maneuverability, thereby improving its flexibility and increasing its effective range to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and subsystems of a fully deployed final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control, according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2This is a front view of a fully deployed final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control, according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a right view of a fully deployed final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control, according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of a fully deployed final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control, according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the folded state of a final-repair bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall head assembly and its components of a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the head assembly of a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and components of the tail fin assembly of a final-stage bullet that achieves target detection, identification and ballistic control based on a head assembly, according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment process of the tail fin assembly of a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly to achieve target detection, identification, and ballistic control according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting offset angle of the control surface of the head assembly of a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control, according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation offset angle of the auxiliary guide surface of the head assembly of a final-stage bullet based on the head assembly to realize target detection, identification and ballistic control according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation offset angle of a laser detection and recognition module for a final-stage bullet head assembly based on a head assembly for target detection, recognition, and ballistic control, according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a precise control mode for the final point of a bullet impact based on a head assembly to achieve target detection, identification, and ballistic control according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral scanning trajectory of a final-stage bullet target surface based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The invention will be further described below with reference to the views.

[0042] Example:

[0043] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control according to the present invention includes: a tail fin assembly (1), a payload compartment (2), and a head assembly (3); wherein the tail fin assembly (1) is located at the tail of the final-stage bullet, the payload compartment (2) is located in front of the tail fin assembly (1), the head assembly (3) is connected to the payload compartment (2) and located in front of it, and the head assembly (3) is located at the head of the final-stage bullet.

[0044] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the head assembly (3) of a final-stage projectile based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control according to the present invention includes a fairing (4), control surfaces (5), auxiliary guide surfaces (6), a laser detection and identification module (7), a laser detection and identification module mounting plate (8), a control motor (9), a front bearing (10), a front bearing outer retaining ring (11), a front bearing inner retaining ring (12), a rear bearing (13), a rear bearing outer retaining ring (14), a rear bearing inner retaining ring (15), a bearing outer end cap (16), a bearing inner end cap (17), and a connecting shaft (18). The circuit module includes a laser detection and identification module circuit board (19) and a motor drive and system control circuit board (20). The payload compartment (2) is fixedly connected to the rear end connector (22). The connecting shaft (18) included in the head assembly (3) is connected to the payload compartment (2) through the front bearing (10) and the rear bearing (13), and can rotate partially around the projectile axis. The head assembly (3) includes a pair of control surfaces (5) and a pair of auxiliary steering surfaces (6) fixedly mounted on the fairing (4).

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, the control motor (9) of the final-repair bullet based on the head assembly for target detection, identification and ballistic control is installed between the connecting shaft (18) and the payload chamber housing (21). The rotor part (26) of the control motor (9) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (18), and the stator part (25) of the control motor (9) is fixedly connected to the payload chamber housing (21).

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, the tail wing assembly (1) includes a rear connector (22), a tail wing (23), and a tail wing pivot (24). The rear connector (22) is equipped with six foldable tail wings (23) that are evenly distributed in the circumference. The foldable tail wings (23) installed on the rear connector (22) have no installation offset angle.

[0047] like Figure 9 As shown, the tail fin assembly (1) unfolds as follows: six foldable flat tail fins (23) evenly distributed in the circumference rotate and unfold around the tail fin pivot (24).

[0048] like Figure 10-11 As shown, the control surfaces (5) and auxiliary swivel surfaces (6) mounted on the fairing (4) of the head assembly (3) each have an installation offset angle that forms a certain angle with the direction of the missile axis, which can generate aerodynamic force perpendicular to the direction of the control surfaces during the flight of the final-stage missile.

[0049] like Figure 12 As shown, the laser detection and identification module (7) included in the head assembly (3) is designed as a single-path oblique laser detection and identification module (i.e., only one beam of target detection laser beam is emitted and received obliquely). The laser detection axis of the single-path oblique laser detection and identification module is installed at a certain angle to the direction of the projectile axis. Target detection and identification can increase the laser scanning coverage area during the projectile-target encounter process.

[0050] The specific implementation process of this invention for precise impact point control of a final-stage bullet based on a head assembly for target detection, identification, and ballistic control is as follows:

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, before the final ammunition is ejected, the tail fin (23) is in a folded state, and the folded final ammunition does not exceed the outer envelope size of the ammunition.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 13 As shown, after the final bullet is ejected, the tail fin (23) deploys, which plays a role in stabilizing the flight.

[0053] like Figure 13 As shown and Figure 14As shown, after the final-repair bullet has basically stabilized in flight, the head assembly (3) is driven to rotate locally relative to the bullet body by the control motor (9) and a pair of auxiliary guide surfaces (6). The laser detection and identification module (7) begins to detect and identify the target in a rotating scanning manner. As the bullet falls, the trajectory of the laser spot scanning in the target area is a spiral line that keeps shrinking. Based on the laser detection echo information, the relative azimuth of the bullet and the target is calculated to obtain the correction command. The control motor (9) controls the roll angle of the head assembly (3) relative to the ground coordinate system in real time according to the control command, so that the aerodynamic force on the control surface (5) is along the correction direction, and the final-repair bullet is precisely controlled to land.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A terminal correction bullet based on a head assembly to realize target detection identification and trajectory control, characterized in that, It includes a tail fin assembly (1), a payload bay (2), and a nose assembly (3); wherein the tail fin assembly (1) is located at the tail of the final-repair bullet, the payload bay (2) is located in front of the tail fin assembly (1), the nose assembly (3) is connected to the payload bay (2), and the nose assembly (3) is located at the head of the final-repair bullet; the nose assembly (3) includes a fairing (4), control surfaces (5), auxiliary steering surfaces (6), a laser detection and identification module (7), a laser detection and identification module mounting plate (8), a control motor (9), a front bearing (10), a front bearing outer retaining ring (11), and a front bearing inner... The components include a retaining ring (12), a rear bearing (13), an outer retaining ring (14) of the rear bearing, an inner retaining ring (15) of the rear bearing, an outer end cap (16) of the bearing, an inner end cap (17) of the bearing, and a connecting shaft (18). The circuit module includes a laser detection and identification module circuit board (19) and a motor drive and system control circuit board (20). The load chamber (2) is fixedly connected to the rear connecting piece (22). The connecting shaft (18) included in the head assembly (3) is connected to the load chamber (2) through the front bearing (10) and the rear bearing (13), and can rotate locally around the projectile axis. The rectifier... A pair of control surfaces (5) and a pair of auxiliary guide surfaces (6) are fixedly installed on the fairing (4); the pair of control surfaces (5) installed on the fairing (4) have a reverse installation offset angle, which can generate aerodynamic force in the same direction perpendicular to the wing surface during the flight of the final-repair bullet, providing aerodynamic load for precise control of the final-repair bullet's impact point; the laser detection and identification module mounting plate (8) of the head assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (18), and the laser detection optical axis of the laser detection and identification module (7) fixedly connected to the laser detection and identification module mounting plate (8) is fixedly connected to the laser detection and identification module (7). With a certain angle to the projectile axis, the laser detection and identification module (7) can perform a spiral scan of the target area as the head assembly (3) rotates relative to the projectile body and the projectile falls, thus realizing target detection and identification during the projectile-target encounter process, and providing a judgment on the relative azimuth of the projectile-target and whether it misses the target. After obtaining the relative azimuth information of the projectile-target, the control motor (9) controls the roll angle of the head assembly (3) relative to the ground coordinate system in real time, so that the aerodynamic force on the control surface (5) acts along the correction direction, thereby realizing the precise control of the final projectile landing point.

2. The terminal correction bullet based on the head assembly to realize the target detection identification and the trajectory control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head assembly (3) includes a fairing (4) on which a pair of auxiliary guide surfaces (6) are mounted with a common installation offset angle. During the flight of the final-stage bullet, they can generate aerodynamic forces in the opposite direction of the vertical wing surface. The combined aerodynamic torque is expressed as an aerodynamic torque around the bullet body axis, which can guide the rotation of the head assembly (3) and at the same time serve as the load torque to balance the control torque of the control motor (9) included in the head assembly (3).

3. The terminal correction bullet based on the head assembly to realize the target detection identification and the trajectory control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail fin assembly (1) includes a rear connector (22), a tail fin (23), and a tail fin pivot (24). The rear connector (22) of the tail fin assembly (1) is equipped with six foldable tail fins (23) that are evenly distributed in the circumference. The tail fins (23) are flat or curved wings. The foldable tail fins (23) installed on the rear connector (22) have no installation offset angle and play a role in flight stability during the flight of the final-stage bullet.

4. The terminal correction bullet based on the head assembly to realize the target detection identification and the trajectory control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control motor (9) is installed between the connecting shaft (18) and the load chamber shell (21). The rotor part (26) of the control motor (9) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (18), and the stator part (25) of the control motor (9) is fixedly connected to the load chamber shell (21). When the final-repair bullet body is in a spinning state, the rolling direction of the head assembly (3) can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the control motor (9). When the final-repair bullet body is in a non-spinning state, the rolling direction of the head assembly (3) can be controlled directly by controlling the relative rotation angle of the rotor part (26) and the stator part (25) of the control motor (9).

5. The terminal correction bullet based on the head assembly to realize the target detection identification and the trajectory control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of achieving precise landing point control is as follows: After the final bullet is ejected from the warhead, the six foldable tail fins (23) evenly distributed around the rear end connector (22) of the tail fin assembly (1) unfold, and the tail fins (23) play a role in flight stabilization. After the final-stage bullet has stabilized, the head assembly (3) is driven to rotate locally relative to the bullet body by the control motor (9) and a pair of auxiliary guide surfaces (6) included in the head assembly (3). The laser detection and identification module (7) included in the head assembly (3) begins to detect and identify the target. After the laser detection and identification module (7) of the head assembly (3) provides the relative azimuth information of the bullet and the target, the roll angle of the head assembly (3) relative to the ground coordinate system is controlled in real time by the control motor (9) to realize the precise control of the final bullet landing point: the laser detection and identification module (7) of the head assembly (3) provides the relative azimuth of the final bullet and the target and the judgment of whether it misses the target, thereby forming the terminal ballistic correction command. The roll angle of the head assembly (3) relative to the ground coordinate system is controlled by the control motor (9), so that the aerodynamic force on the control surface (5) is along the correction direction to implement precise control of the final bullet landing point.

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