Method and device for analyzing high-speed layer top interface, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The application provides a method and device for analyzing a high-speed layer top interface, a storage medium and an electronic device. The method for analyzing the high-speed layer top interface comprises the following steps: obtaining micro-logging far trace information of a target well and extracting a common receiver point gather in the micro-logging far trace information, wherein the micro-logging far trace information comprises micro-logging far trace information received by a first number of receivers arranged at a wellhead of the target well; determining a target common receiver point gather whose time difference between an upgoing wave field and a downgoing wave field satisfies a preset condition; and determining a depth position corresponding to the target common receiver point gather as a position of the high-speed layer top interface. In the application, a longer receiver array is arranged at the wellhead of the micro-logging well, so that the micro-logging far trace information is obtained, and the arrival time difference between the upgoing wave field and the downgoing wave field of the high-speed layer top interface in the micro-logging far trace information is used, so that the accurate position of the high-speed layer top interface can be effectively obtained, and the optimal distance wellhead distance of the far trace acquisition is determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas geophysical exploration technology, and particularly relates to a method, apparatus, storage medium and electronic equipment for analyzing the top interface of high-velocity layers. Background Technology

[0002] Near-surface surveys are the first step in seismic acquisition. Accurately establishing a near-surface model and locating the precise high-velocity layer top interface is crucial, determining the accuracy of subsequent excitation well depth selection and static correction. Currently, near-surface surveys in seismic exploration primarily utilize densely gridded micrologging, and microlog interpretation mainly relies on data acquired via short-path acquisition. Years of practice have shown that short-path interpretation often encounters the problem of multiple interpretation schemes. These schemes can yield various interpretations, each indicating a significant difference in the depth of the high-velocity layer top interface, often ranging from 2 to 3 meters. This leads to deviations in the selection of subsequent excitation well depths, making it impossible to ensure the selection of the optimal excitation factor and improve the resolution of seismic data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer, comprising:

[0005] Acquire remote logging information of the target well and extract common detector point gathers from the remote logging information. The remote logging information includes remote logging information received by a first number of detectors deployed at the wellhead of the target well.

[0006] Determine the target co-detector gathers whose time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions;

[0007] The depth location corresponding to the target common detection point gather is determined to be the location of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0008] In some implementations, the preset conditions include reaching a preset duration; the determination of the target common receptacle gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields satisfies the preset conditions includes:

[0009] The common detection point gathers are sorted from closest to furthest from the wellhead;

[0010] Determine the target common-detector gathers where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration.

[0011] In some implementations, determining the target co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves reaches a preset duration includes:

[0012] In the sorted set of common detector gathers, it is determined in turn whether each common detector gather satisfies the condition that the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration.

[0013] The first co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves reaches a preset duration is identified as the target co-detector gather.

[0014] In some implementations, the method further includes:

[0015] The placement of the detectors corresponding to the target common detection point gather is determined as the optimal receiving position for the remote information of the micro-logging well.

[0016] In some implementations, before the step of obtaining the remote logging information of the target well, the method further includes:

[0017] Collect previous near-surface data of the target work area to determine the estimated depth of the high-speed layer top interface;

[0018] Drill a well in the target work area as the target well. The depth of the target well is a preset distance extended downward from the estimated depth. A second number of excitation sources are set at first preset intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead.

[0019] Starting from the wellhead, a first number of geophones are deployed along a straight line on the ground surface at a second predetermined interval.

[0020] The excitation sources set at various depths within the target well are sequentially excited, and the seismic wave signals are received by the first number of detectors to form the remote logging information of the target well.

[0021] In some implementations, the second quantity is the sum of the rounded value of the estimated depth and the set value.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for near-surface data survey, comprising:

[0023] The optimal receiving location for remote micrologging information is determined based on the method described in the first aspect.

[0024] Based on the optimal receiving location, detectors for receiving remote information from micro-logging are deployed in each well in the target work area.

[0025] Based on the analysis of the remote logging information of each well in the target work area, the high-velocity top interface of each well is determined, thereby obtaining near-surface interpretation data of the target work area.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer, comprising:

[0027] The information acquisition module is used to acquire the remote logging information of the target well and extract the common detector point gather from the remote logging information. The remote logging information includes the remote logging information received by a first number of detectors deployed at the wellhead of the target well.

[0028] The first determining module is used to determine the target co-detector gathers whose time difference between the up-row and down-row fields meets the preset conditions;

[0029] The second determining module is used to determine the depth position corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the position of the high-speed layer top interface.

[0030] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by one or more processors, it implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0031] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory and one or more processors, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the one or more processors, implements the method as described in the first aspect.

[0032] One or more embodiments of the present invention can bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This invention lays a long array of detectors at the wellhead of a microlobe to obtain remote information from the microlobe. By utilizing the arrival time difference between the up and down waves at the high-velocity top interface in the remote information, the accurate location of the high-velocity top interface can be obtained effectively, and the optimal distance for remote acquisition can be determined from the wellhead distance. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This refers to the remote co-detector point data of micro-logging provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a device for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer is shown, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method for analyzing the top interface of the high-speed layer provided in this embodiment includes:

[0041] Step S101: Obtain the remote logging information of the target well and extract the common detection point gather from the remote logging information.

[0042] The remote logging information includes remote logging information received by a first number of geophones deployed at the wellhead of the target well. The remote logging information received by the first number of geophones is generated based on the excitation signals emitted by a second number of excitation sources set at first predetermined intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead (from bottom to top).

[0043] The remote logging information of the target well is the received record obtained by the geophone. The co-detector point gather is extracted from the remote logging information of the target well. The target co-detector point gather that meets the preset condition for the time difference between the up-going wave field and the down-going wave field is found from each co-detector point gather, and then the location of the high-velocity layer top interface is determined.

[0044] Step S102: Determine the target common detection point gathers whose time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions.

[0045] By sorting the common receiver gathers, it is found that the first arrival times (FATs) of the waveforms from the wellhead to the bottom of the well are relatively continuous for gathers closer to the wellhead. However, as the distance from the wellhead increases, the FATs of the common receiver gathers gradually become discontinuous. The FAT refers to the time it takes for the seismic reflected wave to reach the receiver. The FATs of the shallow waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer gradually increase, while the FATs of the deep waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer remain relatively constant. Thus, with the top of the high-velocity layer as the dividing line, the wavefields above and below gradually separate, and the FATs gradually stagger. When the time interval between these staggers is too small, it is impossible to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer. On the other hand, if the time interval is too large, it will result in construction waste. Therefore, this embodiment uses a preset condition to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer.

[0046] In some implementations, the preset conditions include reaching a preset duration, such as 50ms; step S102 determines the target co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions, including:

[0047] Step S102a: Sort the common detection point gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far.

[0048] It should be understood that the distance from the wellhead refers to the distance from the wellhead to the location of the geophone (detector) corresponding to each common geophone gather on the surface. After sorting the common geophone gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far, the common geophone gather set is obtained.

[0049] Step S102b: Determine the target common detection point gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration.

[0050] In some implementations, a target co-detector gather is determined to have a time difference between the uplink and downlink waves that reaches a preset duration, including:

[0051] Step S102b-1: In the sorted common detector gather set, determine in turn whether each common detector gather satisfies the condition that the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches the preset duration.

[0052] Step S102b-2: Determine the first common detection point gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration as the target common detection point gather.

[0053] In practice, it is determined sequentially whether the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of each co-detector gather meets the preset duration. The process stops when the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the first co-detector gather meets the preset duration, and the process stops checking the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the next co-detector gather, thus improving the analysis efficiency.

[0054] Taking a preset duration of 50ms as an example, find the depth position where the uplink and downlink wave fields in the detection record are staggered by 50ms, thus finding the target common detection point gather.

[0055] Step S103: Determine the depth position corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the position of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0056] Once the target common receiver gather is determined, its corresponding downhole depth location is identified as the location of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0057] In some implementations, the method of this embodiment further includes:

[0058] Step S104: Determine the placement of the detectors corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the optimal receiving position for the remote information of the micro-logging well.

[0059] Once the target common detector gather is determined, the distance between the detector point (detector) corresponding to the target common detector gather and the wellhead can be used as the optimal remote receiving position for micrologging to conduct near-surface data surveys of the target work area.

[0060] In some implementations, the step of obtaining remote logging information of the target well is preceded by:

[0061] Step S201: Collect previous near-surface data of the target work area to determine the estimated depth of the high-speed layer top interface.

[0062] In practice, previous near-surface data may include well depths of the target work area and the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer. Based on previous near-surface data, the approximate depth 'a' of the top interface of the high-velocity layer can be estimated, which is the estimated depth. For example, the estimated depth of the top interface of the high-velocity layer can be determined by fitting the locations of the top interfaces of the high-velocity layer from multiple wells. This is used to determine the drilling depth so that the depth of the target well is sufficient to cover the top interface of the high-velocity layer, thereby accurately analyzing the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer.

[0063] Step S202: Drill a well in the target work area as the target well. The depth of the target well is a preset distance extended down into the well based on the estimated depth. A second number of excitation sources are set at first preset intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead.

[0064] In practice, a target well is drilled at a selected location within the target work area. The depth of the target well is a predetermined distance extending downwards from the estimated depth 'a'. For example, if the predetermined distance is 5m, the depth of the target well is 'a+5m'. Then, a second set of excitation sources is set at first predetermined intervals to emit excitation signals. The excitation sources can be detonators. The first predetermined interval can be 1m, and the second set of sources can be 5. Consequently, 5 detonators are set at 1m intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead as excitation sources.

[0065] Step S203: Starting from the wellhead, deploy a first number of geophones along a straight line on the ground surface at a second predetermined interval.

[0066] In some implementations, the second quantity is the sum of the rounded value of the estimated depth and the set value.

[0067] In practice, the estimated depth a is rounded to b (for example, rounded to the nearest integer). The first quantity can be b+10, and the second set spacing can be 1m. (b+10) geophones are placed, with each geophone spaced 1m apart. The b+10 geophones deployed on the surface can receive the seismic waves generated by the excitation signal emitted by the excitation source installed underground.

[0068] Step S204: Sequentially excite the excitation sources set at various depths within the target well, and receive seismic wave signals through a first number of detectors to form remote micro-logging information of the target well.

[0069] This embodiment utilizes remote information from micrologging to analyze the high-velocity layer top interface. Based on previous near-surface data to determine the approximate location of the high-velocity layer top interface, it designs the micrologging excitation depth and the arrangement of surface geophones. Wavefield acquisition is performed by activating the micrologging, and the collected data is extracted to a common geophone gather. The common geophone gather is then sorted according to its distance from the wellhead, and the location of the near-surface uplink and downlink wavefield time difference with a preset duration is found. This determines the location of the high-velocity layer top interface and the optimal remote micrologging arrangement for receiving data, applicable to the near-surface survey of the entire work area. This method can effectively determine the location of the near-surface high-velocity layer top interface for the entire work area, and is more scientific, reasonable, and accurate than related technologies that only use short-channel interpretation.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for near-surface data survey, including:

[0072] The optimal receiving location for remote micro-logging information was determined based on the method described in Example 1.

[0073] Based on this optimal receiving location, detectors for receiving remote information from micro-logging are deployed in each well in the target work area.

[0074] Based on the analysis of remote logging information from each well in the target area, the high-velocity top interface of each well is determined, thereby obtaining near-surface interpretation data for the target area.

[0075] This embodiment determines the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer by determining the position of the near-surface uplink and downlink wavefield time difference with a preset duration, and also determines the optimal receiving position for the remote channel information from the micro-logging well, which is used for near-surface surveys throughout the entire work area. This method can better determine the location of the top interface of the near-surface high-velocity layer throughout the entire work area, and is more scientific and reasonable than related technologies that only use short-channel interpretation, resulting in more accurate interpretation results.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, a specific application example is given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that this example is merely for the purpose of understanding the present invention, and any specific details therein are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0078] Step 1: Collect past near-surface data to determine the estimated depth of the near-surface high-velocity layer top interface, denoted as 'a'. Drill a well at a point within the work area, with a depth of a+5m. Place 5 detonators every 1m as the excitation source. Round 'a' to 'b'. Starting from the wellhead, place (b+10) geophones along a straight line on the surface, with each geophone spaced 1m apart. Proceed to Step 2.

[0079] Step 2: Activate detonators at various depths and receive signals using surface-mounted geophones. Extract common geophone gathers from the received data and sort them according to their distance from the wellhead. Proceed to Step 3.

[0080] Step 3: After sorting the above data, it will be found that for common receiver gathers close to the wellhead, the first arrival times of the waveforms from the wellhead to the bottom of the well are relatively continuous. However, as the distance from the wellhead increases, the first arrival times within the gathers gradually become discontinuous. The first arrival times of the shallow waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer gradually increase, while the first arrival times of the deep waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer remain basically unchanged. Thus, with the top of the high-velocity layer as the dividing line, the wave fields above and below gradually separate, and their first arrival times gradually stagger. A small time stagger makes it impossible to accurately identify the location of the top of the high-velocity layer, while a large time stagger results in construction waste. Therefore, the time stagger between the uplink and downlink wave fields is set at 50ms to find the position where the time stagger is 50ms. The process then proceeds to Step 4.

[0081] Step 4: Locate the position with a 50ms time misalignment from the co-detector point record, interpret it as the location of the high-velocity layer top interface, and determine the distance from the wellhead corresponding to this co-detector point gather as the optimal remote receiver position for the next step of the micrologging. Proceed to Step 5.

[0082] Step 5: Using the optimal construction method determined above, conduct near-surface data surveys throughout the entire work area, and interpret the high-velocity layer top interface by staggering the data time of each well by 50ms, thereby obtaining near-surface interpretation data for the entire work area. The process ends.

[0083] Figure 2 These are remote co-detector point data obtained using the above method, based on... Figure 2 The location of the high-speed layer top interface can be seen intuitively.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] Figure 3 A block diagram of a device for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer is shown, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the apparatus for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer provided in this embodiment includes:

[0086] Information acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the remote logging information of the target well and extract the common detector point gather from the remote logging information. The remote logging information includes the remote logging information received by a first number of detectors deployed at the wellhead of the target well.

[0087] The first determining module 302 is used to determine the target co-detector gathers whose time difference between the up-row field and the down-row field meets the preset conditions;

[0088] The second determining module 303 is used to determine the depth position corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the position of the high-speed layer top interface.

[0089] The remote logging information includes remote logging information received by a first number of geophones deployed at the wellhead of the target well. The remote logging information received by the first number of geophones is generated based on the excitation signals emitted by a second number of excitation sources set at first predetermined intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead (from bottom to top).

[0090] The remote logging information of the target well is the received record obtained by the geophone. The co-detector point gather is extracted from the remote logging information of the target well. The target co-detector point gather that meets the preset condition for the time difference between the up-going wave field and the down-going wave field is found from each co-detector point gather, and then the location of the high-velocity layer top interface is determined.

[0091] By sorting the common receiver gathers, it is found that the first arrival times (FATs) of the waveforms from the wellhead to the bottom of the well are relatively continuous for gathers closer to the wellhead. However, as the distance from the wellhead increases, the FATs of the common receiver gathers gradually become discontinuous. The FAT refers to the time it takes for the seismic reflected wave to reach the receiver. The FATs of the shallow waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer gradually increase, while the FATs of the deep waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer remain relatively constant. Thus, with the top of the high-velocity layer as the dividing line, the wavefields above and below gradually separate, and the FATs gradually stagger. When the time interval between these staggers is too small, it is impossible to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer. On the other hand, if the time interval is too large, it will result in construction waste. Therefore, this embodiment uses a preset condition to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer.

[0092] In some implementations, preset conditions include reaching a preset duration, such as 50ms; determining the target common-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions, including:

[0093] The co-detector gathers are sorted from closest to furthest from the wellhead; the target co-detector gathers are determined when the time difference between the up-row and down-row wave fields reaches a preset duration.

[0094] It should be understood that the distance from the wellhead refers to the distance from the wellhead to the location of the geophone (detector) corresponding to each common geophone gather on the surface. After sorting the common geophone gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far, the common geophone gather set is obtained.

[0095] In some implementations, a target co-detector gather is determined to have a time difference between the uplink and downlink waves that reaches a preset duration, including:

[0096] In the sorted set of common detection point gathers, it is determined whether each common detection point gather satisfies the condition that the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves reaches a preset duration; the first common detection point gather that reaches the preset duration is determined as the target common detection point gather.

[0097] In practice, it is determined sequentially whether the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of each co-detector gather meets the preset duration. The process stops when the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the first co-detector gather meets the preset duration, and the process stops checking the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the next co-detector gather, thus improving the analysis efficiency.

[0098] Taking a preset duration of 50ms as an example, find the depth position where the uplink and downlink wave fields in the detection record are staggered by 50ms, thus finding the target common detection point gather.

[0099] In some implementations, the second determining module is also used to determine the placement of the detectors corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the optimal receiving position for the micro-logging remote information.

[0100] Once the target common detector gather is determined, the distance between the detector point (detector) corresponding to the target common detector gather and the wellhead can be used as the optimal remote receiving position for micrologging to conduct near-surface data surveys of the target work area.

[0101] In some implementations, before obtaining the remote logging information of the target well, previous near-surface data of the target work area are collected to determine the estimated depth of the high-velocity layer top interface; a well is drilled in the target work area as the target well, and the depth of the target well is a preset distance extending down from the estimated depth; a second number of excitation sources are set at first preset intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead; starting from the wellhead, a first number of geophones are deployed along a straight line on the surface at second preset intervals; the excitation sources set at each depth position in the target well are excited in sequence, and the seismic wave signals are received through the first number of geophones to form the remote logging information of the target well.

[0102] In some implementations, the second quantity is the sum of the rounded value of the estimated depth and the set value.

[0103] This embodiment utilizes remote information from micrologging to analyze the high-velocity layer top interface. Based on previous near-surface data to determine the approximate location of the high-velocity layer top interface, it designs the micrologging excitation depth and the arrangement of surface geophones. Wavefield acquisition is performed by activating the micrologging, and the collected data is extracted to a common geophone gather. The common geophone gather is then sorted according to its distance from the wellhead, and the location of the near-surface uplink and downlink wavefield time difference with a preset duration is found. This determines the location of the high-velocity layer top interface and the optimal remote micrologging arrangement for receiving data, applicable to near-surface surveys throughout the work area. This method can effectively determine the location of the near-surface high-velocity layer top interface for the entire work area, which is more scientific and reasonable than related technologies that only use short-path interpretation, resulting in more accurate interpretation results.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described modules or steps can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby storing them in a storage device for execution by the computing device, or fabricating them separately as individual integrated circuit modules, or fabricating multiple modules or steps into a single integrated circuit module. This invention is not limited to any specific hardware and software combination.

[0105] Example 5

[0106] This embodiment provides a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, it implements the method of Embodiment 1.

[0107] The computer-readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0108] The method implemented in this embodiment includes:

[0109] Step S101: Obtain the remote logging information of the target well and extract the common detection point gather from the remote logging information.

[0110] The remote logging information includes remote logging information received by a first number of geophones deployed at the wellhead of the target well. The remote logging information received by the first number of geophones is generated based on the excitation signals emitted by a second number of excitation sources set at first predetermined intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead (from bottom to top).

[0111] The remote logging information of the target well is the received record obtained by the geophone. The co-detector point gather is extracted from the remote logging information of the target well. The target co-detector point gather that meets the preset condition for the time difference between the up-going wave field and the down-going wave field is found from each co-detector point gather, and then the location of the high-velocity layer top interface is determined.

[0112] Step S102: Determine the target common detection point gathers whose time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions.

[0113] By sorting the common receiver gathers, it is found that the first arrival times (FATs) of the waveforms from the wellhead to the bottom of the well are relatively continuous for gathers closer to the wellhead. However, as the distance from the wellhead increases, the FATs of the common receiver gathers gradually become discontinuous. The FAT refers to the time it takes for the seismic reflected wave to reach the receiver. The FATs of the shallow waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer gradually increase, while the FATs of the deep waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer remain relatively constant. Thus, with the top of the high-velocity layer as the dividing line, the wavefields above and below gradually separate, and the FATs gradually stagger. When the time interval between these staggers is too small, it is impossible to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer. On the other hand, if the time interval is too large, it will result in construction waste. Therefore, this embodiment uses a preset condition to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer.

[0114] In some implementations, the preset conditions include reaching a preset duration, such as 50ms; step S102 determines the target co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions, including:

[0115] Step S102a: Sort the common detection point gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far.

[0116] It should be understood that the distance from the wellhead refers to the distance from the wellhead to the location of the geophone (detector) corresponding to each common geophone gather on the surface. After sorting the common geophone gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far, the common geophone gather set is obtained.

[0117] Step S102b: Determine the target common detection point gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration.

[0118] In some implementations, a target co-detector gather is determined to have a time difference between the uplink and downlink waves that reaches a preset duration, including:

[0119] Step S102b-1: In the sorted common detector gather set, determine in turn whether each common detector gather satisfies the condition that the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches the preset duration.

[0120] Step S102b-2: Determine the first common detection point gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration as the target common detection point gather.

[0121] In practice, it is determined sequentially whether the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of each co-detector gather meets the preset duration. The process stops when the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the first co-detector gather meets the preset duration, and the process stops checking the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the next co-detector gather, thus improving the analysis efficiency.

[0122] Taking a preset duration of 50ms as an example, find the depth position where the uplink and downlink wave fields in the detection record are staggered by 50ms, thus finding the target common detection point gather.

[0123] Step S103: Determine the depth position corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the position of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0124] Once the target common receiver gather is determined, its corresponding downhole depth location is identified as the location of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0125] In some implementations, the method of this embodiment further includes:

[0126] Step S104: Determine the placement of the detectors corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the optimal receiving position for the remote information of the micro-logging well.

[0127] Once the target common detector gather is determined, the distance between the detector point (detector) corresponding to the target common detector gather and the wellhead can be used as the optimal remote receiving position for micrologging to conduct near-surface data surveys of the target work area.

[0128] In some implementations, the step of obtaining remote logging information of the target well is preceded by:

[0129] Step S201: Collect previous near-surface data of the target work area to determine the estimated depth of the high-speed layer top interface.

[0130] In practice, previous near-surface data may include well depths of the target work area and the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer. Based on previous near-surface data, the approximate depth 'a' of the top interface of the high-velocity layer can be estimated, which is the estimated depth. For example, the estimated depth of the top interface of the high-velocity layer can be determined by fitting the locations of the top interfaces of the high-velocity layer from multiple wells. This is used to determine the drilling depth so that the depth of the target well is sufficient to cover the top interface of the high-velocity layer, thereby accurately analyzing the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer.

[0131] Step S202: Drill a well in the target work area as the target well. The depth of the target well is a preset distance extended down into the well based on the estimated depth. A second number of excitation sources are set at first preset intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead.

[0132] In practice, a target well is drilled at a selected location within the target work area. The depth of the target well is a predetermined distance extending downwards from the estimated depth 'a'. For example, if the predetermined distance is 5m, the depth of the target well is 'a+5m'. Then, a second set of excitation sources is set at first predetermined intervals to emit excitation signals. The excitation sources can be detonators. The first predetermined interval can be 1m, and the second set of sources can be 5. Consequently, 5 detonators are set at 1m intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead as excitation sources.

[0133] Step S203: Starting from the wellhead, deploy a first number of geophones along a straight line on the ground surface at a second predetermined interval.

[0134] In some implementations, the second quantity is the sum of the rounded value of the estimated depth and the set value.

[0135] In practice, the estimated depth a is rounded to b (for example, rounded to the nearest integer). The first quantity can be b+10, and the second set spacing can be 1m. (b+10) geophones are placed, with each geophone spaced 1m apart. The b+10 geophones deployed on the surface can receive the seismic waves generated by the excitation signal emitted by the excitation source installed underground.

[0136] Step S204: Sequentially excite the excitation sources set at various depths within the target well, and receive seismic wave signals through a first number of detectors to form remote micro-logging information of the target well.

[0137] This embodiment utilizes remote information from micrologging to analyze the high-velocity layer top interface. Based on previous near-surface data to determine the approximate location of the high-velocity layer top interface, it designs the micrologging excitation depth and the arrangement of surface geophones. Wavefield acquisition is performed by activating the micrologging, and the collected data is extracted to a common geophone gather. The common geophone gather is then sorted according to its distance from the wellhead, and the location of the near-surface uplink and downlink wavefield time difference with a preset duration is found. This determines the location of the high-velocity layer top interface and the optimal remote micrologging arrangement for receiving data, applicable to the near-surface survey of the entire work area. This method can effectively determine the location of the near-surface high-velocity layer top interface for the entire work area, and is more scientific, reasonable, and accurate than related technologies that only use short-channel interpretation.

[0138] Example 6

[0139] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory and one or more processors. The memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by one or more processors, implements the method of Embodiment 1.

[0140] In practical applications, the processor can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller unit (MCU), microprocessor, or other electronic components to execute the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0141] The method implemented in this embodiment includes:

[0142] Step S101: Obtain the remote logging information of the target well and extract the common detection point gather from the remote logging information.

[0143] The remote logging information includes remote logging information received by a first number of geophones deployed at the wellhead of the target well. The remote logging information received by the first number of geophones is generated based on the excitation signals emitted by a second number of excitation sources set at first predetermined intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead (from bottom to top).

[0144] The remote logging information of the target well is the received record obtained by the geophone. The co-detector point gather is extracted from the remote logging information of the target well. The target co-detector point gather that meets the preset condition for the time difference between the up-going wave field and the down-going wave field is found from each co-detector point gather, and then the location of the high-velocity layer top interface is determined.

[0145] Step S102: Determine the target common detection point gathers whose time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions.

[0146] By sorting the common receiver gathers, it is found that the first arrival times (FATs) of the waveforms from the wellhead to the bottom of the well are relatively continuous for gathers closer to the wellhead. However, as the distance from the wellhead increases, the FATs of the common receiver gathers gradually become discontinuous. The FAT refers to the time it takes for the seismic reflected wave to reach the receiver. The FATs of the shallow waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer gradually increase, while the FATs of the deep waveforms at the top of the high-velocity layer remain relatively constant. Thus, with the top of the high-velocity layer as the dividing line, the wavefields above and below gradually separate, and the FATs gradually stagger. When the time interval between these staggers is too small, it is impossible to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer. On the other hand, if the time interval is too large, it will result in construction waste. Therefore, this embodiment uses a preset condition to accurately determine the location of the top of the high-velocity layer.

[0147] In some implementations, the preset conditions include reaching a preset duration, such as 50ms; step S102 determines the target co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions, including:

[0148] Step S102a: Sort the common detection point gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far.

[0149] It should be understood that the distance from the wellhead refers to the distance from the wellhead to the location of the geophone (detector) corresponding to each common geophone gather on the surface. After sorting the common geophone gathers in order of distance from the wellhead from near to far, the common geophone gather set is obtained.

[0150] Step S102b: Determine the target common detection point gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration.

[0151] In some implementations, a target co-detector gather is determined to have a time difference between the uplink and downlink waves that reaches a preset duration, including:

[0152] Step S102b-1: In the sorted common detector gather set, determine in turn whether each common detector gather satisfies the condition that the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches the preset duration.

[0153] Step S102b-2: Determine the first common detection point gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration as the target common detection point gather.

[0154] In practice, it is determined sequentially whether the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of each co-detector gather meets the preset duration. The process stops when the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the first co-detector gather meets the preset duration, and the process stops checking the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves of the next co-detector gather, thus improving the analysis efficiency.

[0155] Taking a preset duration of 50ms as an example, find the depth position where the uplink and downlink wave fields in the detection record are staggered by 50ms, thus finding the target common detection point gather.

[0156] Step S103: Determine the depth position corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the position of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0157] Once the target common receiver gather is determined, its corresponding downhole depth location is identified as the location of the high-velocity layer top interface.

[0158] In some implementations, the method of this embodiment further includes:

[0159] Step S104: Determine the placement of the detectors corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the optimal receiving position for the remote information of the micro-logging well.

[0160] Once the target common detector gather is determined, the distance between the detector point (detector) corresponding to the target common detector gather and the wellhead can be used as the optimal remote receiving position for micrologging to conduct near-surface data surveys of the target work area.

[0161] In some implementations, the step of obtaining remote logging information of the target well is preceded by:

[0162] Step S201: Collect previous near-surface data of the target work area to determine the estimated depth of the high-speed layer top interface.

[0163] In practice, previous near-surface data may include well depths of the target work area and the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer. Based on previous near-surface data, the approximate depth 'a' of the top interface of the high-velocity layer can be estimated, which is the estimated depth. For example, the estimated depth of the top interface of the high-velocity layer can be determined by fitting the locations of the top interfaces of the high-velocity layer from multiple wells. This is used to determine the drilling depth so that the depth of the target well is sufficient to cover the top interface of the high-velocity layer, thereby accurately analyzing the location of the top interface of the high-velocity layer.

[0164] Step S202: Drill a well in the target work area as the target well. The depth of the target well is a preset distance extended down into the well based on the estimated depth. A second number of excitation sources are set at first preset intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead.

[0165] In practice, a target well is drilled at a selected location within the target work area. The depth of the target well is a predetermined distance extending downwards from the estimated depth 'a'. For example, if the predetermined distance is 5m, the depth of the target well is 'a+5m'. Then, a second set of excitation sources is set at first predetermined intervals to emit excitation signals. The excitation sources can be detonators. The first predetermined interval can be 1m, and the second set of sources can be 5. Consequently, 5 detonators are set at 1m intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead as excitation sources.

[0166] Step S203: Starting from the wellhead, deploy a first number of geophones along a straight line on the ground surface at a second predetermined interval.

[0167] In some implementations, the second quantity is the sum of the rounded value of the estimated depth and the set value.

[0168] In practice, the estimated depth a is rounded to b (for example, rounded to the nearest integer). The first quantity can be b+10, and the second set spacing can be 1m. (b+10) geophones are placed, with each geophone spaced 1m apart. The b+10 geophones deployed on the surface can receive the seismic waves generated by the excitation signal emitted by the excitation source installed underground.

[0169] Step S204: Sequentially excite the excitation sources set at various depths within the target well, and receive seismic wave signals through a first number of detectors to form remote micro-logging information of the target well.

[0170] This embodiment utilizes remote information from micrologging to analyze the high-velocity layer top interface. Based on previous near-surface data to determine the approximate location of the high-velocity layer top interface, it designs the micrologging excitation depth and the arrangement of surface geophones. Wavefield acquisition is performed by activating the micrologging, and the collected data is extracted to a common geophone gather. The common geophone gather is then sorted according to its distance from the wellhead, and the location of the near-surface uplink and downlink wavefield time difference with a preset duration is found. This determines the location of the high-velocity layer top interface and the optimal remote micrologging arrangement for receiving data, applicable to the near-surface survey of the entire work area. This method can effectively determine the location of the near-surface high-velocity layer top interface for the entire work area, and is more scientific, reasonable, and accurate than related technologies that only use short-channel interpretation.

[0171] In the several embodiments provided in this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The system and method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

[0172] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0173] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the top interface of a high-velocity layer, characterized in that, include: Acquire remote logging information of the target well and extract common detector point gathers from the remote logging information. The remote logging information includes remote logging information received by a first number of detectors deployed at the wellhead of the target well. Determine the target co-detector gathers whose time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields meets the preset conditions; The depth location corresponding to the target common detection point gather is determined to be the location of the high-velocity layer top interface.

2. The method for analyzing the top interface of a high-velocity layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset conditions include reaching a preset duration; The determination of the target co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink fields satisfies a preset condition includes: The common detection point gathers are sorted from closest to furthest from the wellhead; Determine the target common-detector gathers where the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration.

3. The method for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the target co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink fields reaches a preset duration includes: In the sorted set of common detector gathers, it is determined in turn whether each common detector gather satisfies the condition that the time difference between the uplink and downlink wave fields reaches a preset duration. The first co-detector gather where the time difference between the uplink and downlink waves reaches a preset duration is identified as the target co-detector gather.

4. The method for analyzing the top interface of a high-velocity layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The placement of the detectors corresponding to the target common detection point gather is determined as the optimal receiving position for the remote information of the micro-logging well.

5. The method for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of obtaining the remote logging information of the target well, the method further includes: Collect previous near-surface data of the target work area to determine the estimated depth of the high-speed layer top interface; Drill a well in the target work area as the target well. The depth of the target well is a preset distance extended downward from the estimated depth. A second number of excitation sources are set at first preset intervals in the direction from the bottom of the well to the wellhead. Starting from the wellhead, a first number of geophones are deployed along a straight line on the ground surface at a second predetermined interval. The excitation sources set at various depths within the target well are sequentially excited, and the seismic wave signals are received by the first number of detectors to form the remote logging information of the target well.

6. The method for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second quantity is the sum of the rounded value of the estimated depth and the set value.

7. A method for near-surface data survey, characterized in that, include: The optimal receiving location for remote micro-logging information is determined based on the method described in claim 4. Based on the optimal receiving location, detectors for receiving remote information from micro-logging are deployed in each well in the target work area. Based on the remote logging information of each well in the target work area, the high-velocity top interface of each well is interpreted, thereby obtaining near-surface interpretation data of the target work area.

8. An apparatus for analyzing the top interface of a high-speed layer, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition module is used to acquire the remote logging information of the target well and extract the common detector point gather from the remote logging information. The remote logging information includes the remote logging information received by a first number of detectors deployed at the wellhead of the target well. The first determining module is used to determine the target co-detector gathers whose time difference between the up-row and down-row fields meets the preset conditions; The second determining module is used to determine the depth position corresponding to the target common detection point gather as the position of the high-speed layer top interface.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by one or more processors, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and one or more processors, wherein a computer program is stored on the memory, and the computer program, when executed by the one or more processors, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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