An arc-shaped water intake structure for silty river channels in mountainous areas and its construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of river drainage technology, specifically to an arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method for mountainous rivers with high sediment content. The structure includes a pair of outer guide walls with a narrow inlet and a wide outlet, a pair of inner guide walls positioned between the outer guide walls, and a filter section located within the opening of the inner guide walls. A channel is laid between the outer and inner guide walls. The inner guide walls are Y-shaped with a water passage on their concave curved sides. A sediment collection basin is located below the filter section. This invention uses an arc-shaped channel to divert water from upstream and downstream, collecting sediment in the water flow at the bottom of the convex side, while the surface water on the concave side has the lowest sediment content. This initially and significantly reduces the sediment content in the water flowing into the filter section. Furthermore, the sediment collection area located in front of the filter section's inlet allows sediment and stones carried by upstream water to settle, further reducing the sediment content of the water entering the filter section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river drainage technology, specifically to an arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method for mountainous rivers with high sediment content. Background Technology

[0002] Water intake from mountain rivers has become a common method. This involves constructing dams on these rivers, then transporting the water through pipelines to water treatment plants for purification before distributing it to users. However, mountain rivers typically contain a lot of silt. Over time, the silt and gravel carried by the water flow gradually accumulate in the dams, causing their water storage capacity to decrease and become insufficient to meet the raw water supply needs of the water treatment plants.

[0003] Water delivered from intake dams to water treatment plants is unfiltered and contains a large amount of sediment. Water treatment plants typically require further filtration before it can be used, and the sediment easily clogs pipes, leading to high maintenance costs and substandard water quality. Traditional intake dam filtration systems suffer from low construction efficiency and sediment accumulation. To address these issues, this paper proposes an arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method for use in mountainous areas with high sediment content. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method for mountainous rivers with many silt, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the present invention provides an arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous rivers with abundant sediment, comprising a pair of outer guide walls with a narrow inlet and a wide outlet, a pair of inner guide walls disposed between the outer guide walls, and a filter section disposed within the open ends of the pair of inner guide walls; a channel is laid between the outer guide walls and the inner guide walls, the inner guide walls are Y-shaped and have water passages opened on their concave curved sides, and a sand collection pool is disposed below the filter section, the sand collection pool comprising an inclined bottom plate, a sediment collection ditch, and a pair of retaining walls for supporting the filter section;

[0006] The high end of the inclined base plate faces the outlet end of the outer guide wall, and the gap between the bottom end of the inclined base plate and one of the retaining walls is the mud collection ditch. The mud collection ditch is L-shaped, with its long side pointing to the side wall of the opening end of a pair of inner guide walls and its short side pointing to the high end of the inclined base plate. A sand discharge pipe is laid here, and a gate valve is installed at the end of the sand discharge pipe.

[0007] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the inlet and outlet ends of the outer guide wall are connected by an arc edge, and the intersecting ends of the inner guide wall are located on the centerline between the inlet ends of a pair of outer guide walls, and the concave arc surface of the inner guide wall is correspondingly set with the arc edge of the outer guide wall.

[0008] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the height of the inner guide wall is higher than that of the outer guide wall, and the water passage is located above the channel. A sand collection area is provided on the top surface between the pair of inner guide walls and on one side of the sand collection pool.

[0009] As a further improvement to this technical solution, a detachable sand box is placed inside the sand collection area, and the top surface of the sand box is flush with the top surface of the filter section.

[0010] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the filter section is provided with a perforated concrete slab layer, a geotextile layer, a gravel layer, a stone layer, a quartz sand layer, and a stone layer in sequence from bottom to top.

[0011] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the gravel layer is 19-20cm thick and is composed of gravel with a particle size of 0.5-2cm; the quartz sand layer is 19-20cm thick and is composed of quartz sand with a particle size of 0.01-0.5cm; the gravel layer is 19-20cm thick and is composed of gravel.

[0012] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the filter section is mounted on a pair of baffles, and the baffle at the opening end of the inner guide wall is 0.3-0.5m higher than the top of the filter section.

[0013] As a further improvement to this technical solution, an overflow weir is provided on the top surface of the outlet end of the channel. A water collection area is formed between the overflow weir and the retaining wall. When the water level in the water collection area exceeds the height of the overflow weir top, the water overflows the weir top and flows downstream. Sand discharge gates are installed on both sides of the overflow weir.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution, a water pipe is inserted through the outlet end of the channel, and the water pipe passes through the retaining wall and extends to the high end of the inclined bottom plate.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method for an arc-shaped water intake structure in a mountainous river channel with abundant sediment, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. First, build the outer guide wall into a structure of straight wall, S-curve wall and straight wall;

[0017] S2. The inner guide wall is built into an S-shaped arc wall and a straight wall, and the intersection of the S-shaped arc walls is built into a straight wall. A water passage is opened at the top of the concave arc side of this S-shaped arc wall.

[0018] S3. Fill the channel between the outer guide wall and the inner guide wall;

[0019] S4. Excavate a sand collection basin between the opening ends of a pair of inner guide walls, and lay an inclined bottom plate and set up a mud collection ditch at the bottom of the basin;

[0020] S5. Build retaining walls on both sides of the sand collection pool, and install filter parts layer by layer on a pair of retaining walls;

[0021] S6. The filter layer material of each filter section is made of steel wire mesh wrapped to form a square block, which can be laid as a whole.

[0022] S7. Finally, insert the sand discharge pipe and water supply pipe into the pre-reserved channel holes on the sand collection pool.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method in the mountainous area with many silt-laden river channels: By using an arc-shaped channel to divert water from upstream and downstream, the channel collects the silt in the water flow at the bottom of the convex arc side, while the surface water on the concave arc side has the lowest silt content. Water is taken from the surface of the concave arc channel, thereby initially and significantly reducing the silt content in the water flowing into the filtration section.

[0025] 2. The arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method in the mountainous area with many silty river channels, by setting up a sand collection area in front of the water inlet of the filtration section, allows the silt and stones carried by the upstream water to sink into it, further reducing the sand content of the water entering the filtration section.

[0026] 3. The arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method in the mountainous area with many silt-laden river channels: By setting up small sand collection devices, such as sand boxes, in the sand collection area, when the silt in the sand collection area reaches a certain amount, the sand boxes can be directly hoisted to the downstream of the overflow weir for dumping and cleaning, so as to quickly clean the sand collection area and reduce the filtration loss of the filtration section by silt.

[0027] 4. The arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method for the silty river channels in this mountainous area: The filter section adopts a prefabricated filter layer, in which the filter layer material is wrapped with wire mesh to form a square block. This allows for rapid assembly in mountainous areas where large equipment is scarce. After the prefabricated filter layer is blocked by silt and sand in the later stage, it can be flushed. After the silt is flushed, it can be mixed with sand and gravel of a certain grade and then reused.

[0028] 5. The arc-shaped water intake structure and its construction method in the mountainous area with many silty river channels: by adding a water pipe in the collection pool to play a backwashing role, the collection pool is flushed regularly to reduce the impact of siltation on water quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Top view;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a side view of the sedimentation zone of the present invention.

[0033] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0034] 100. External diversion wall; 110. Channel; 111. Overflow weir; 120. Sediment collection area; 130. Sediment collection basin; 131. Inclined bottom slab; 132. Sediment collection ditch; 133. Retaining wall; 140. Sediment discharge pipe; 150. Water pipe;

[0035] 200. Inner guide wall; 210. Water passage;

[0036] 300. Filter section; 310. Perforated concrete slab layer; 320. Geotextile layer; 330. Gravel layer; 340. Stone layer; 350. Quartz sand layer. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, and these should all be considered to fall within the scope of the invention. The terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, referring to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0038] The terms "central axis," "vertical," "horizontal," "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used herein to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of the invention, "a number" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-3As shown, the present invention provides an arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous rivers with abundant sediment, comprising a pair of outer guide walls 100 with a narrow inlet and a wide outlet, a pair of inner guide walls 200 disposed between the outer guide walls 100, and a filter section 300 disposed within the open end of the pair of inner guide walls 200; a channel 110 is laid between the outer guide walls 100 and the inner guide walls 200, and the inner guide walls 200 are Y-shaped with a water passage 210 opened on their concave curved sides;

[0040] The water flow from upstream is split into two streams at the confluence of the inner guide wall 200. When the water carrying sediment flows on the channel 110, it changes direction due to the impact of the inner guide wall 200. As a result, the sediment accumulates at the bottom of the straight outer guide wall, while the water at the bottom of the arc wall of the inner guide wall 200 carries less sediment. Furthermore, the water flows downstream through the water channel 210 for filtration. In other words, by taking water through the channel 110, most of the sediment carried by the upstream water flow is reduced.

[0041] Specifically, a sand collection tank 130 is provided below the filter section 300. The sand collection tank 130 includes an inclined bottom plate 131, a mud collection ditch 132, and a pair of retaining walls 133 for supporting the filter section 300.

[0042] The high end of the inclined bottom plate 131 faces the outlet end of the outer guide wall 100, and the gap between the bottom end of the inclined bottom plate 131 and one of the baffle walls 133 is the mud collection ditch 132. The mud collection ditch 132 is L-shaped, with its long side pointing to the side wall of the opening end of a pair of inner guide walls 200, and its short side pointing to the high end of the inclined bottom plate 131. A sand discharge pipe 140 is laid here, and a gate valve is installed at the end of the sand discharge pipe 140.

[0043] Part of the water passing through channel 110 flows into filter section 300 through water passage 210 for filtration; a sand collection area 120 is provided on the top surface between a pair of inner guide walls 200 and on one side of sand collection pool 130; a removable sand box is placed inside the sand collection area 120, and the top surface of the sand box is flush with the top surface of filter section 300.

[0044] A sand collection zone 120 is set up before the water enters the filtration section. Water flowing in through the water passage 210 passes through the sand collection zone 120 to settle some of the sediment before flowing into the filtration section 300 for filtration. In other words, the sediment that is blocked and settled through the channel 110 and the sediment that is blocked and settled through the sand collection zone 120 greatly reduce the amount of sediment in the water flow entering the filtration section 300.

[0045] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet ends of the outer guide wall 100 are connected by an arc edge, and the intersecting ends of the inner guide wall 200 are located on the centerline between the inlet ends of a pair of outer guide walls 100, and the concave arc surface of the inner guide wall 200 is correspondingly set with the arc edge of the outer guide wall 100; the height of the inner guide wall 200 is higher than the height of the outer guide wall 100, and the water passage 210 is located above the channel 110.

[0046] Specifically, the filter section 300 is provided with a perforated concrete slab layer 310, a geotextile layer 320, a gravel layer 330, a stone layer 340, a quartz sand layer 350, and a stone layer 340 in sequence from bottom to top.

[0047] The gravel layer is 340mm thick and 19-20cm thick, and is filled with gravel with a particle size of 0.5-2cm; the quartz sand layer is 350mm thick and 19-20cm thick, and is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 0.01-0.5cm; the gravel layer is 330mm thick and 19-20cm thick, and is filled with gravel.

[0048] The filter layer material uses a prefabricated assembly method, where each filter layer is wrapped with wire mesh to form a square block. After the sand collection tank 130 is constructed, the filter layer material can be quickly laid, increasing construction efficiency several times over while ensuring construction quality. This eliminates the problems of traditional paving methods, such as difficulty in controlling the thickness of each filter layer and the tendency for upper and lower layers to become mixed up during construction. Using prefabricated filter materials ensures that each filter layer is laid to the required thickness. The prefabricated construction also facilitates future replacement of the filter layer.

[0049] Furthermore, an overflow weir 111 is enclosed on the top surface of the outlet end of the channel 110. A water collection area is formed between the overflow weir 111 and the retaining wall 133. When the water level in the water collection area exceeds the height of the overflow weir 111, the water overflows the top of the weir and flows downstream. Sand discharge gates are installed on both sides of the overflow weir 111.

[0050] The sand discharge gates on both sides of the overflow weir 111 can be used to discharge sand when the water intake dam experiences mountain floods. When the upstream water volume is large, the sand discharge gates are opened, and the water flow washes the silt accumulated at the outer guide wall 100 downstream.

[0051] Furthermore, the filter section 300 is erected on a pair of baffle walls 133, and the baffle wall 133 located at the opening end of the inner guide wall 200 is 0.3-0.5m higher than the top of the filter section 300; so that the water flowing from the two side channels 110 to the water collection area can return to the filter section 300 for filtration after some of the silt has settled.

[0052] It is worth noting that a water pipe 150 passes through the outlet of channel 110, and the water pipe 150 passes through retaining wall 133 and extends to the high end of inclined bottom plate 131. When cleaning sand collection pool 130, the gate valve at the end of sand discharge pipe 140 is opened, and high-pressure water is sprayed into water pipe 150 to flush the mud and sand on inclined bottom plate 131 into mud collection ditch 132, and then discharged downstream through sand discharge pipe 140;

[0053] An access passage is set up on one side of the sand collection tank 130 and near the sand discharge pipe 140 as the inlet passage for the later cleaning of the sand collection tank 130.

[0054] The construction method of the arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous rivers with abundant sediment, according to the present invention, includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. First, build the outer guide wall 100 into a structure of straight wall, S-curve wall and straight wall;

[0056] S2. The inner guide wall 200 is built into an S-shaped arc wall and a straight wall, and the intersection of the S-shaped arc walls is built into a straight wall, and a water passage is opened at the top of the concave arc side of this S-shaped arc wall.

[0057] S3. Fill the channel 110 between the outer guide wall 100 and the inner guide wall 200;

[0058] S4. Excavate a sand collection pool 130 between the 200 opening ends of a pair of inner guide walls, lay an inclined bottom plate 131 and set up a mud collection ditch 132 at its bottom.

[0059] S5. Build retaining walls 133 on both sides of the sand collection pool 130, and install filter parts 300 layer by layer on a pair of retaining walls 133.

[0060] S6. In this case, each filter layer of the filter section 300 is made of steel wire mesh wrapped to form a square block, which can be laid out as a whole.

[0061] S7. Finally, insert the sand discharge pipe 140 and the water supply pipe 150 into the pre-reserved channel hole on the sand collection pool 130.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant silt, characterized in that: It includes a pair of outer guide walls (100) with a narrow inlet and a wide outlet, a pair of inner guide walls (200) between the outer guide walls (100), and a filter section (300) inside the opening of the pair of inner guide walls (200); a channel (110) is laid between the outer guide walls (100) and the inner guide walls (200); the inner guide walls (200) are Y-shaped and have a water passage (210) on their concave curved side; a sand collection tank (130) is provided below the filter section (300); the sand collection tank (130) includes an inclined bottom plate (131), a mud collection ditch (132), and a pair of retaining walls (133) for supporting the filter section (300). The high end of the inclined bottom plate (131) faces the outlet end of the outer guide wall (100), and there is a gap between the bottom end of the inclined bottom plate (131) and one of the retaining walls (133), which is the mud collection ditch (132). The mud collection ditch (132) is L-shaped and its long side points to the side wall of the opening end of a pair of inner guide walls (200), and its short side points to the high end of the inclined bottom plate (131). A sand discharge pipe (140) is laid here, and a gate valve is installed at the end of the sand discharge pipe (140).

2. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet ends of the outer guide wall (100) are connected by an arc edge. The intersecting ends of the inner guide wall (200) are located on the centerline between the inlet ends of the outer guide wall (100), and the concave arc surface of the inner guide wall (200) is correspondingly set with the arc edge of the outer guide wall (100).

3. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous rivers with abundant sediment as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the inner guide wall (200) is higher than that of the outer guide wall (100), and the water passage (210) is located above the channel (110). A sand collection area (120) is provided between the top surfaces of the pair of inner guide walls (200) and on one side of the sand collection pool (130).

4. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The sand collection area (120) contains a removable sand box, and the top surface of the sand box is flush with the top surface of the filter section (300).

5. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The filter section (300) is provided with a perforated concrete slab layer (310), a geotextile layer (320), a gravel layer (330), a stone layer (340), a quartz sand layer (350), and a stone layer (340) from bottom to top.

6. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The gravel layer (340) is 19-20cm thick and is filled with gravel with a particle size of 0.5-2cm; the quartz sand layer (350) is 19-20cm thick and is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 0.01-0.5cm; the gravel layer (330) is 19-20cm thick and is filled with gravel.

7. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The filter section (300) is mounted on a pair of baffles (133), and the baffle (133) located at the opening end of the inner guide wall (200) is 0.3-0.5m higher than the top of the filter section (300).

8. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 7, characterized in that: An overflow weir (111) is enclosed on the top surface of the outlet end of the channel (110). A water collection area is formed between the overflow weir (111) and the retaining wall (133). When the water level in the water collection area exceeds the height of the overflow weir (111), the water overflows the top of the weir and flows downstream. Sand discharge gates are installed on both sides of the overflow weir (111).

9. The arc-shaped water intake structure for mountainous river channels with abundant sediment as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The outlet of the channel (110) is connected to a water pipe (150), which passes through the retaining wall (133) and extends to the high end of the inclined base plate (131).

10. A construction method for an arc-shaped water intake structure in a mountainous area with silty river channels, using the arc-shaped water intake structure in a mountainous area with silty river channels as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. First, build the outer guide wall (100) into a structure of straight wall, S-curve wall and straight wall; S2. The inner guide wall (200) is built into an S-shaped arc wall and a straight wall, and the intersection of the S-shaped arc walls is built into a straight wall, and a water passage is opened at the top of the concave arc side of this S-shaped arc wall. S3. Fill the channel (110) between the outer guide wall (100) and the inner guide wall (200). S4. Excavate a sand collection pool (130) between the opening ends of a pair of inner guide walls (200), lay an inclined bottom plate (131) and set up a mud collection ditch (132) at its bottom. S5. Build retaining walls (133) on both sides of the sand collection pool (130), and install filter parts (300) layer by layer on a pair of retaining walls (133). S6. In this part, each layer of filter material in the filter section (300) is wrapped with steel wire mesh to form a square block, which can be laid as a whole. S7. Finally, insert the sand discharge pipe (140) and water supply pipe (150) into the pre-reserved channel hole on the sand collection pool (130).

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