Light-transmitting 3D grouting test sample and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a light-transmitting 3D grouting test sample and a manufacturing method thereof. The sample comprises a sample body and a 3D grouting flow channel formed in the sample body, and the sample body is composed of concrete and light-guiding material arranged in the concrete. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: placing a support with the light-guiding material into a sample mold and making the support located at the side of a 3D printed grouting flow channel mold, adjusting the position of the light-guiding material in the support so that the end of the light-guiding material contacts the 3D grouting flow channel mold, and then pouring, demolding, polishing and polishing. The test sample of the application can improve the visualization effect of the grouting test under the condition of highly simulating the actual rock mass; the manufacturing method has strong universality, is suitable for the sample of the grouting flow channel with complex structure such as rock mass cracks, and can realize batch production, thereby improving the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy geotechnical engineering, specifically a translucent 3D grouting test sample and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In underground engineering, grouting is the main technical means of repairing rock masses. However, due to the concealed nature of grouting projects, we cannot intuitively understand the grouting process. At the same time, rock and soil masses are usually located in complex geological environments. Therefore, grouting simulation tests have become an important way to study the diffusion law of grout inside fissures.

[0003] In existing technologies, researchers have used translucent materials such as plexiglass and epoxy resin to create rock fissures for direct observation of the grouting process. However, the poor mechanical properties of epoxy resin and the difficulty in processing plexiglass are factors that hinder the further development of visualized grouting experiments.

[0004] The paper "Research and Application of Grout Diffusion and Sealing Mechanism in the Dynamic Water Grouting Process of Underground Engineering" (Doctoral Dissertation, Zhang Xiao, Shandong University, 2011) proposed using plexiglass to construct a physical model test bench for dynamic water grouting in fractures. However, the smooth surface of plexiglass prevents the experiment from simulating the influence of fracture roughness on the grouting process.

[0005] The literature “Visual Experimental Study on Displacement Behavior of Grout in Transparent Replicated Fracts” (Zhang Le, Yang Zhibing, Li Dongqi, et al., Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2023, 44(06): 1708-1718.) proposes to use epoxy resin material to make rough fracture samples. However, the mechanical properties of epoxy resin material are quite different from those of actual rock mass, which leads to the difference between the grouting process in the underground rock mass simulated in the experiment and the actual situation.

[0006] It is evident that current grouting test samples cannot simultaneously simulate the roughness and mechanical properties of real rock masses while allowing researchers to visually observe the effects of the grouting process. Therefore, how to realistically simulate the roughness and mechanical properties of rock masses in grouting tests while enabling researchers to visually observe the grouting process has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to realistically simulate the roughness and mechanical properties of rock mass in grouting tests, and also enable researchers to intuitively observe the grouting process.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention proposes a translucent 3D grouting test sample, comprising a sample body and a 3D grouting channel formed within the sample body to simulate the actual grouting space. The sample body is composed of concrete and a light-guiding material disposed within the concrete. The translucent concrete used in this invention effectively simulates the roughness and mechanical properties of actual soil and rock. Furthermore, when light is introduced into the light-guiding material within the sample body during grouting tests, a distinct shadow area is formed in the grouting region, allowing researchers to visually observe the grouting process.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D grouting channel is a simulated rock mass fracture.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light guiding material includes an optical fiber, the end face of which terminates on the surface of the 3D grouting channel.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sample body has a support inside, and the optical fiber is supported by the support.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample, which includes the following steps: S1. Fabricate sample molds and 3D grouting channel molds for grouting tests; S2. Place the 3D grouting channel mold into the sample mold; S3. Place the bracket supporting the light guide material into the sample mold and position it on the side of the 3D grouting channel mold. S4. Adjust the position of the light guide material in the bracket so that the end of the light guide material contacts the 3D grouting channel mold; S5. Inject concrete grout into the sample mold, ensuring it covers the 3D grouting channel mold and the support. S6. After the concrete has solidified, demold the sample mold and the 3D grouting channel mold. S7. After removing excess light-guiding material from the concrete surface, grind and polish to obtain a translucent 3D grouting test sample.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D grouting channel is a simulated rock mass fracture.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D grouting channel mold is formed from 3D printed resin material.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D grouting channel mold is composed of at least two parts, each part having a flat surface and a channel surface. When the 3D grouting channel mold is placed in the sample mold, the flat surface is attached to the bottom of the sample mold, and the channel surface opens towards the upper part of the sample mold to contact the end of the light guide material.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light guiding material includes an optical fiber, the end face of which terminates on the surface of the 3D grouting channel.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support comprises a plurality of grids, and the optical fiber is supported in the grids.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The light-transmitting 3D grouting test sample proposed in this invention has light transmittance and its surface roughness and mechanical properties are similar to those of actual rock mass. When used for grouting test, it can improve the visualization effect of grouting test while highly simulating actual rock mass. (2) The method for manufacturing transparent 3D grouting test samples proposed in this invention is highly versatile and suitable for samples with complex structures such as rock fissures and grouting channels. It can also be mass-produced to improve production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic slice of an example of an existing 3D grouting test sample.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a slice of an embodiment of the 3D grouting test sample of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the 3D grouting test sample of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample according to the present invention.

[0023] Figures 5 to 11 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, the sample body is 1, the 3D grouting channel is 2, the light guide material is 3, the support is 4, the sample mold is 5, the 3D grouting channel mold is 6, and the concrete is 7. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes using translucent concrete to fabricate a translucent 3D grouting test specimen. Translucent concrete is typically used only as a special building material or a novel decorative material, usually composed of concrete and light-guiding materials. However, conventional translucent concrete is primarily a flat structure, meaning it can be shaped in the length and width directions but remains unchanged in the height direction. For a 3D grouting test specimen, however, variations exist in all three directions (length, width, and height), making ordinary translucent concrete and its fabrication process unsuitable.

[0026] Therefore, in addition to using concrete and light-guiding materials, the translucent 3D grouting test sample of this invention also requires a support bracket to support the light-guiding material, and the light-guiding material can move flexibly within the bracket so that the end face of the light-guiding material penetrates the surface of the 3D grouting channel. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic slice diagram of an example of an existing 3D grouting test sample. (Example:) Figure 1 As shown, this slice diagram illustrates a portion of the sample's structure; the actual sample structure can be extended from this base. This 3D grouting test sample includes a sample body 1 and a 3D grouting channel 2 formed within the sample body 1 to simulate the actual grouting space. In this example, the sample body is formed of concrete, and the grouting channel 2 divides the sample body 1 into upper and lower parts. During the grouting test, concrete slurry flows in from one end of the channel. However, because the sample body is closed and opaque, the user cannot visually observe and study the grouting process.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-section diagram of an embodiment of the 3D grouting test sample of the present invention. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the 3D grouting test sample of this embodiment has the same characteristics as... Figure 1 The same 3D grouting channel 2 exists, but a light-guiding material runs through the sample body from top to bottom. Specifically, the sample body 1 is composed of concrete and a light-guiding material 3 embedded in the concrete. The light-guiding material 3 can be any solid material with light-guiding properties, including translucent resin materials, and is particularly preferably composed of optical fibers.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, although the 3D grouting channel 2 has a 3D surface, the end face of each optical fiber 3 of the present invention terminates at the surface of the 3D grouting channel 2. To achieve such a structure, the present invention provides a support inside the sample body 1, such that the optical fiber, which is the light guiding material 3, is supported by the support and is adapted to move up and down during the manufacturing process so that the end face of the optical fiber fits against the surface of the 3D grouting channel 2.

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the 3D grouting test sample of the present invention. The cross-section shows a support 4 embedded within the sample body 1, with the optical fiber, serving as the light-guiding material 3, held by the support 4. As will be understood from the subsequent description of the manufacturing method of the present invention, the support 4 is used to hold the optical fiber before casting the sample body 1 and to allow it to move flexibly up and down. That is, before casting the sample body 1, the support 4 does not completely fix the optical fiber, but rather uses a clamping or similar method to allow it to move up and down under the user's operation. It should be understood that this embodiment does not have strict limitations on the size or spacing of the light-guiding material 3 itself.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method for manufacturing the translucent 3D grouting test sample of the present invention. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the method of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Make sample molds and 3D grouting channel molds for grouting tests.

[0032] A sample mold is a mold used to shape the exterior of a sample, typically in the form of a standard cuboid. In practice, it can be made using existing conventional concrete casting molds, or by using materials such as wood or resin. As an example, a sample mold can be assembled using resin boards and resin rods.

[0033] A 3D grouting channel mold is a mold that simulates the shape of a 3D grouting channel, and it typically has a complex 3D shape. For example, to create a simulated rock mass fracture, it is necessary to create a 3D fracture shape. Therefore, this invention can be implemented using 3D printing technology. For example, a 3D grouting channel model can be created using software such as Synfrac, Matlab, Palabos, and Magics, and then the 3D grouting channel mold can be manufactured using a 3D printer.

[0034] The present invention preferably uses 3D-printed resin material to form a 3D grouting channel mold. Furthermore, to facilitate the subsequent fabrication of 3D grouting test samples, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D grouting channel mold is composed of at least two parts joined together, each part having a flat surface and a channel surface. Thus, when the 3D grouting channel mold is placed into the sample mold, the flat surface adheres to the bottom of the sample mold.

[0035] Figures 5 to 11 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a 3D grouting channel mold according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, during 3D printing, the 3D grouting channel mold 6 can be printed into two parts, upper and lower. These two parts are used to form the upper and lower parts of the sample mold, respectively. It should be noted that each part of the 3D grouting channel mold is used to form a different part of the sample mold; in other embodiments, it can also be divided into more than two parts. In the following steps, one part will be used as an example for explanation, because the process steps for other parts are the same.

[0036] S2. Place the 3D grouting channel mold into the sample mold.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, according to the present invention, this step involves placing the 3D grouting channel mold 6 into the sample mold 5. As previously described, when the 3D grouting channel mold is composed of at least two parts and includes a flat surface and a channel surface, the flat surface is attached to the bottom of the sample mold, and the channel surface opens towards the upper part of the sample mold so as to contact the end of the light guide material in subsequent steps.

[0038] S3. Place the bracket supporting the light guide material into the sample mold and position it on the side of the 3D grouting channel mold.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, according to the present invention, the bracket 4 is used to support the light guide material 3. It is not limited to a specific structure and material, but should ensure that the light guide material can move up and down within the bracket through user operation. For example, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light guide material includes optical fibers, and the stainless steel mesh can be made into a grid or cage shape so that the optical fibers can be held within the grid.

[0040] S4. Adjust the position of the light guide material in the bracket so that the end of the light guide material contacts the 3D grouting channel mold.

[0041] like Figure 8As shown, according to the present invention, as previously described, the light guide material can be moved up and down within the support by user operation. Thus, through user operation, the end face of the light guide material can be pressed against the side of the 3D grouting channel mold. For example, when the light guide material is an optical fiber, the optical fiber can be moved up and down so that its lower end presses against the side of the 3D grouting channel mold.

[0042] S5. Inject concrete slurry into the sample mold, ensuring it covers the 3D grouting channel mold and the support.

[0043] like Figure 9 As shown, according to the present invention, concrete slurry of concrete 7 is poured into the sample mold, with the pouring height flush with the upper surface of the side of the resin mold, covering the 3D grouting channel mold and the support. The concrete slurry is, for example, prepared by weighing cement, sand, water, fly ash, and water-reducing agent in a mass ratio of 1:1.73~2.25:0.37~0.45:0.28~0.44:0.01~0.04, and then thoroughly mixing them. The present invention is not limited to the composition of the concrete slurry; ideally, the composition should be similar to or have the same mechanical properties and surface roughness as the 3D grouting channel to be simulated.

[0044] S6. After the concrete has solidified, demold the sample mold and the 3D grouting channel mold.

[0045] like Figure 10 As shown, according to the present invention, the sample mold is placed in a constant temperature and humidity standard curing chamber and cured for at least 14 days before demolding, and the sample mold and the 3D grouting channel mold are removed.

[0046] S7. After removing excess light-guiding material from the concrete surface, grind and polish to obtain a translucent 3D grouting test sample.

[0047] like Figure 11 As shown, according to the present invention, after demolding, excess optical fibers on the surface of the translucent concrete 7 are removed, and the sides and bottom of the concrete 7 are polished and slit to finally obtain a translucent 3D grouting test sample that can be used for grouting tests.

[0048] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A translucent 3D grouting test sample, comprising a sample body and a 3D grouting channel formed in the sample body for simulating the actual grouting space, characterized in that, The sample body is composed of concrete and light-guiding material disposed in the concrete. The light-guiding material includes optical fibers, and the end face of the optical fibers terminates on the surface of the 3D grouting channel.

2. The translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The 3D grouting channel is a simulated rock mass fracture.

3. The translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sample body has a support structure inside, and the optical fiber is supported by the support structure.

4. A method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fabricate sample molds and 3D grouting channel molds for grouting tests; S2. Place the 3D grouting channel mold into the sample mold; S3. Place the bracket supporting the light guide material into the sample mold and position it on the side of the 3D grouting channel mold. S4. Adjust the position of the light guide material in the bracket so that the end of the light guide material contacts the 3D grouting channel mold; S5. Inject concrete grout into the sample mold, ensuring it covers the 3D grouting channel mold and the support. S6. After the concrete has solidified, demold the sample mold and the 3D grouting channel mold. S7. After removing excess light-guiding material from the concrete surface, grind and polish to obtain the light-transmitting 3D grouting test sample.

5. The method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The 3D grouting channel is a simulated rock mass fracture.

6. The method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The 3D grouting channel mold is formed from 3D printed resin material.

7. The method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The 3D grouting channel mold is composed of at least two parts, each part having a flat surface and a channel surface. When the 3D grouting channel mold is placed in the sample mold, the flat surface fits against the bottom of the sample mold, and the channel surface opens towards the top of the sample mold to contact the end of the light guide material.

8. The method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The light guiding material includes optical fibers, with the end face of the optical fibers ending at the surface of the 3D grouting channel.

9. The method for manufacturing a translucent 3D grouting test sample as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The support structure comprises multiple grids, and the optical fiber is supported within the grids.

Images