An ultra-wideband high-power microwave anti-phase power combiner

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of ultra-wideband high power microwave reverse-phase power combiner, belong to high power microwave device technical field.It includes two different transmission lines, input and output in-phase end transmission line is directly output through impedance matching network, and does not change;Input and output anti-phase end transmission line gradually changes 180 ° by exponential transformation transmission line, and then is superimposed output with another end input signal through impedance matching network again.The input and output impedance is matched by impedance matching network, and is 50 Ω, so that the output signal does not occur distortion, and its function frequency is 0-5GHz.By swapping input and output end, the ultra-wideband high power microwave reverse-phase power distribution can be realized, and the amplitude of two-way signal output is same, and the phase difference is 180 °.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-power microwave device technology, specifically relating to an ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner. Background Technology

[0002] To minimize the impact of electric field sensors on the bandwidth and accuracy of the measurement system, ultra-wideband high-power microwave electric field measurements typically employ symmetrical asymmetric conical dipole sensors with relatively small effective height. Since the two probes of the symmetrical asymmetric conical dipole sensor have opposite polarization directions, they output two signals via a coaxial cable with a 180° phase difference. Therefore, it is necessary to synthesize the two signals while simultaneously meeting input / output impedance matching and bandwidth requirements to ensure that the signals are not distorted.

[0003] Additionally, when a dipole sensor transmits data via a coaxial cable, some of the induced current may flow across the outer surface of the cable shield. This current can flow around the housing of the measuring device and couple energy into the power line or grounding connection, leading to unpredictable device performance and unexpected interference with other devices. A portion of the sensor output flows uncontrolled outside the coaxial cable and device housing; this output can also be considered the common-mode portion of the cable current. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: In order to synthesize the ultra-wideband differential signal output by a symmetrical asymmetric conical dipole sensor and suppress the current flowing on the outer surface of the coaxial line conductor, this invention provides an ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner that can realize inverting power combining and also has the function of impedance transformation. It has the advantages of wide bandwidth, high combining degree, high efficiency and low loss.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner is characterized by comprising an input transmission line, an output transmission line, a dielectric substrate, an impedance matching network, and a standard SMA connector. The inverted ultrawideband high-power microwave enters the power combiner through a standard SMA connector, undergoes phase inversion via the input transmission line, achieves impedance matching through an impedance matching network, and is output via the standard SMA connector through the output transmission line.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention: the input transmission line includes upper and lower layers, the upper layer input transmission line includes a first in-phase transmission line and a first out-of-phase transmission line; the lower layer input transmission line includes a second in-phase transmission line and a second out-of-phase transmission line; the first out-of-phase transmission line and the second out-of-phase transmission line are both transmission lines transformed by exponential functions, and the transformation directions are opposite; the second in-phase transmission line has the same length as the first in-phase transmission line, and the width of the second in-phase transmission line is greater than that of the first in-phase transmission line.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention: the first in-phase transmission line is connected to the inner core of the standard SMA connector, and the second in-phase transmission line is connected to the ground of the standard SMA connector; the first out-of-phase transmission line is connected to the ground of the SMA connector, and the second out-of-phase transmission line is connected to the inner core of the standard SMA connector.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention: the output transmission line includes upper and lower layers, the output transmission lines of the upper and lower layers are of the same length, and the width of the lower layer output transmission line is greater than that of the upper layer output transmission line.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention: the upper output transmission line is connected to the inner core of the standard SMA connector, and the lower output transmission line is connected to the ground of the standard SMA connector.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention: the dielectric substrate material is a microwave composite dielectric material with a dielectric constant of 4.5.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention: the impedance matching network consists of three identical impedance loads with a resistance of 16.7Ω and both the input and output impedances are 50Ω.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention: the standard SMA connector is SMA-KHD9A.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an ultra-wideband high-power microwave anti-phase power combiner that can superimpose and combine ultra-wideband high-power microwaves with the same amplitude but opposite phase output from a symmetrical asymmetric conical dipole sensor. By swapping the input and output terminals, an ultra-wideband high-power microwave anti-phase power divider can be implemented, outputting two signals with a 180° phase difference. It features wide bandwidth, low loss, and small size, making it suitable for applications requiring mobility and flexibility.

[0014] 1. Ultra-wideband high-power microwave inversion is achieved through a transmission line transformed by an exponential function, impedance matching is achieved through an impedance matching network, and the output is superimposed with in-phase ultra-wideband high-power microwave, with an operating frequency of up to 5GHz.

[0015] 2. The input and output terminals are interchangeable, and the ultra-wideband high-power microwave output can be converted into two anti-phase ultra-wideband high-power microwaves with the same amplitude and a phase difference of 180°. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of an ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner; Figure 3 Figure 1 shows the simulation results of the S-parameters of an ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner. Figure 4 Figure showing the simulation results of an ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner; Figure 5 The figure shows the simulation results of an ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power divider.

[0018] 1-Output port, 2-Inverting input port, 3-Non-inverting input port, 4-Impedance matching network, 5-Inverting transmission line, 6-Non-inverting transmission line, 7-Dielectric layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] Ultra-wideband high-power microwave anti-phase power combining refers to combining two signals with the same amplitude but a phase difference of 180° into one signal. By controlling the phase synchronization of ultra-wideband high-power microwaves through exponential transformation transmission line technology, high-efficiency in-phase superposition of ultra-wideband high-power microwaves can be achieved.

[0021] The ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, it specifically includes: output port 1, inverting input port 2, non-inverting input port 3, impedance matching network 4, inverting transmission line 5, non-inverting transmission line 6, and dielectric substrate 7.

[0022] The transmission line is located on both sides of the dielectric layer and consists of two layers, upper and lower, and is connected to the output of the transmission line through impedance matching network 4.

[0023] Specifically, the upper and lower transmission lines connect to the three input and output connectors. The upper transmission line is connected to the signal at output port 1, to ground at input port 2, and to the signal at input port 3. The lower transmission line is connected in the opposite manner to the upper conductor. Impedance matching between the input and output terminals is achieved through an impedance matching network.

[0024] Specifically, the impedance matching network consists of three identical impedance loads with a resistance of 16.7Ω.

[0025] Specifically, a -6dB power distribution circuit was used in the ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner, and the scattering coefficient at ports 2 and 3 was close to the theoretical -6dB, with a maximum deviation of less than -0.7dB; meanwhile, the S11 parameter was better than -15dB in the 0~5GHz frequency band. Figure 4 As shown.

[0026] Specifically, a matching transmission line enables ultra-wideband high-power microwave phase inversion. The signals at the two input ports are 180° out of phase. One port is directly connected to the output through an impedance matching network, while the other input port has its phase changed through a transmission line and then connected to the output through an impedance matching network.

[0027] Specifically, signal inversion is achieved through transmission line exponential transformation, with the exponential function being y=p. exp(-N) x)+q ensures that the signal is not distorted when it is out of phase.

[0028] Specifically, when inverted Gaussian signals with a leading edge of 110 ps and an amplitude of 1 V are fed into ports 2 and 3 respectively, the output power of the inverted signals from the symmetrical receiving probes drops by 6 dB after being superimposed by the inverting power combiner, meaning the voltage drops by half. Therefore, the output voltage at port 1 is 0.97 V, which matches well with the leading and trailing edges of the input signals. Figure 4 As shown.

[0029] Specifically, apart from the conductor, the rest of the components are dielectric.

[0030] In addition, another objective of this invention is to propose an ultra-wideband high-power microwave power inverting divider, which can be achieved by simply swapping the input and output ports.

[0031] Specifically, when a Gaussian signal with an amplitude of 1V and a leading edge of 110ps is input to port 1, the output voltage amplitude at ports 2 and 3 is close to 0.5V, and the two signals are 180° out of phase, matching the leading and trailing edges of the input signal well. Figure 5 As shown.

[0032] The structural diagram of the ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner is shown below. Figure 2As shown. This invention mainly consists of four transmission lines with similar structures. The structure of the transmission lines is described below. The output transmission line (i.e., port 1) is connected to a standard SMA connector (SMA-KHD9A). The upper transmission line is connected to the signal terminal of the SMA connector, with a length of 17.5mm and a width of 1.9mm; the lower transmission line is connected to the ground terminal of the SMA connector, with a length of 17.5mm and a width of 6.5mm. The input transmission line with the same phase as the output (i.e., port 2) is connected to a standard SMA connector (SMA-KHD9A). The upper transmission line is connected to the ground terminal of the SMA connector, with a length of 68mm and a width of 1.9mm; the lower transmission line is connected to the signal terminal of the SMA connector, with a length of 68mm and a width of 6.5mm. The input transmission line with the opposite phase to the output (i.e., port 3) is connected to a standard SMA connector (SMA-KHD9A). The upper-layer transmission line connects to the signal terminal of the SMA connector, with an input width of 6.5mm and an output width of 1.9mm. After exponential transformation, its length is 68mm. The lower-layer transmission line connects to the ground terminal of the SMA connector, with an input width of 1.9mm and an output width of 6.5mm. After exponential transformation, its length is 68mm. The input and output transmission lines are connected via a transmission line and impedance matching network. The upper-layer transmission line is 30.8mm long and 1.9mm wide; the lower-layer transmission line is 40mm long and 6.5mm wide.

[0033] Impedance matching networks are located between the input and output transmission lines. There are three networks in total, with a resistance of 16.7Ω, so that the impedance of both the input and output ports is 50Ω.

[0034] The ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner has a total length of 90mm, a width of 40mm, and a thickness of 1mm.

[0035] The transmission line is made of metal, the copper foil of the copper-clad laminate is 0.018mm thick, and the metal surface is tin-plated.

[0036] The dielectric material is a microwave composite dielectric material with a dielectric constant of 4.5.

[0037] In summary, the method for ultra-wideband high-power microwave phase-inverting power combining has been proven, and this technology can be extended to experimental research and engineering applications of multi-channel ultra-wideband high-power microwave combining.

[0038] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrawideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner, characterized in that, This includes input transmission lines, output transmission lines, dielectric substrates, impedance matching networks, and standard SMA connectors. Inverted ultrawideband high-power microwave enters the power combiner through a standard SMA connector, undergoes phase inversion via the input transmission line, achieves impedance matching through an impedance matching network, and is output via a standard SMA connector through the output transmission line. The input transmission line comprises upper and lower layers. The upper layer input transmission line includes a first in-phase transmission line and a first out-of-phase transmission line; the lower layer input transmission line includes a second in-phase transmission line and a second out-of-phase transmission line. Both the first out-of-phase transmission line and the second out-of-phase transmission line are transmission lines transformed by exponential functions, and the transformation directions are opposite. The second in-phase transmission line has the same length as the first in-phase transmission line, but its width is greater than that of the first in-phase transmission line. The first in-phase transmission line is connected to the inner core of the standard SMA connector, and the second in-phase transmission line is connected to the ground of the standard SMA connector. The first out-of-phase transmission line is connected to the ground of the SMA connector, and the second out-of-phase transmission line is connected to the inner core of the standard SMA connector. The output transmission line includes upper and lower layers, with the upper and lower layers having the same length, and the width of the lower layer output transmission line being greater than that of the upper layer output transmission line; the upper layer output transmission line is connected to the inner core of the standard SMA connector, and the lower layer output transmission line is connected to the ground of the standard SMA connector.

2. The ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is made of microwave composite dielectric material with a dielectric constant of 4.

5.

3. The ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impedance matching network consists of three identical impedance loads with a resistance of 16.7Ω and both the input and output impedances are 50Ω.

4. The ultra-wideband high-power microwave inverting power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard SMA connector is SMA-KHD9A.

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