Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass

Abstract

Provided is an interlayer film for laminated glass, which is less likely to yellow and which can improve the adhesion of the interlayer film a to a laminated glass component. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present application is an interlayer film for laminated glass having a structure of one layer or two or more layers, which contains an ultraviolet absorber represented by the following formula (X) and a metal salt. In the formula (X), R1 represents an arbitrary group, and R2 to R8 each represent a hydrogen atom, an atom other than a hydrogen atom, or an arbitrary group.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an interlayer film for producing laminated glass. Furthermore, this invention relates to laminated glass itself. Background Technology

[0002] Even if laminated glass breaks due to external impact, the number of glass fragments scattered is small, resulting in excellent safety. Therefore, laminated glass is widely used in automobiles, railway vehicles, airplanes, ships, and buildings. Laminated glass is manufactured by sandwiching an interlayer film between a pair of glass panes.

[0003] To suppress the transmission of ultraviolet rays, an interlayer containing an ultraviolet absorber having a benzotriazole framework is sometimes used (for example, Patent Document 1 below). In addition, in laminated glass, an interlayer containing a metal salt is sometimes used to improve the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass components (glass plate, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: WO2015 / 088866A1 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] To suppress ultraviolet (UV) transmission and improve the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component, an interlayer containing both a UV absorber and a metal salt is considered. However, in conventional combinations of UV absorbers with a benzotriazole framework and metal salts, yellowing of the interlayer sometimes occurs. While reducing the metal salt content can suppress yellowing to some extent, it also reduces the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component.

[0009] Therefore, conventional interlayers containing UV absorbers with a benzotriazole framework and metal salts are unlikely to achieve both the effects of preventing yellowing and improving the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass components.

[0010] The object of this invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass that is less prone to yellowing and improves the adhesion between the interlayer film and the laminated glass components. Furthermore, the object of this invention is to provide laminated glass using the aforementioned interlayer film.

[0011] means of solving technical problems

[0012] According to a broad aspect of the present invention, an interlayer for laminated glass (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an interlayer) is provided, which is an interlayer for laminated glass having a single layer or a structure of two or more layers, wherein the interlayer for laminated glass comprises an ultraviolet absorber and a metal salt as shown in the following formula (X).

[0013] [Chemical Formula 1]

[0014]

[0015] In the formula (X), R1 represents any group, and R2 to R8 represent hydrogen atoms, atoms other than hydrogen atoms, or any group, respectively.

[0016] In a particular aspect of the intermediate membrane of the present invention, the intermediate membrane comprises a layer containing the ultraviolet absorber and the metal salt.

[0017] In a particular aspect of the intermediate membrane of the present invention, in formula (X), R1 is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio or arylthio.

[0018] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the molecular weight of the ultraviolet absorber is 355 or more.

[0019] In a particular aspect of the intermediate membrane of the present invention, the ultraviolet absorber comprises an ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X11), formula (X12), or formula (X13).

[0020] [Chemical Formula 2]

[0021]

[0022] [Chemical Formula 3]

[0023]

[0024] [Chemical Formula 4]

[0025]

[0026] In a particular aspect of the intermediate membrane of the present invention, the metal salt comprises an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt.

[0027] In a particular aspect of the intermediate membrane of the present invention, the metal salt comprises a magnesium salt of an organic acid having a branched structure.

[0028] In a particular aspect of the intermediate membrane of the present invention, the metal salt comprises a metal salt of an organic acid having 2 or more and 8 or fewer carbon atoms, other than a magnesium salt of an organic acid having a branched structure.

[0029] In a particular aspect of the interlayer of the present invention, the interlayer is an interlayer for laminated glass having a structure of two or more layers, wherein the interlayer comprises a first layer and a second layer disposed on a first surface side of the first layer.

[0030] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the second layer is a surface layer of the intermediate film, and the second layer comprises the ultraviolet absorber and the metal salt.

[0031] In a particular aspect of the interlayer of the present invention, the interlayer is an interlayer for laminated glass having a structure of three or more layers, wherein the interlayer includes a third layer disposed on a second surface side of the first layer opposite to the first surface.

[0032] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the third layer is a surface layer of the intermediate film, and the third layer comprises the ultraviolet absorber and the metal salt.

[0033] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the intermediate film comprises a layer containing the ultraviolet absorber and the metal salt, wherein the weight ratio of the metal content in the metal salt to the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber is 4 or more and 50 or less.

[0034] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the maximum transmittance of the intermediate film at a wavelength of 300 nm or more and 350 nm or less is 0.1% or less.

[0035] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the intermediate film is 0.5% or less.

[0036] In a particular aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the transmittance of the intermediate film at a wavelength of 400 nm is 1.5% or more.

[0037] In a certain aspect of the intermediate film of the present invention, the absolute value of the difference between the yellow index YI of the intermediate film and the yellow index YI of the comparative intermediate film is 0.1 or less, and the comparative intermediate film has the same layer composition and thickness as the intermediate film except that it does not contain metal salts.

[0038] According to a broad aspect of the present invention, a laminated glass is provided, comprising a first laminated glass component, a second laminated glass component, and an interlayer for the laminated glass, wherein the interlayer for the laminated glass is disposed between the first laminated glass component and the second laminated glass component.

[0039] Invention Effects

[0040] The interlayer for laminated glass of the present invention has a single-layer structure or a structure of two or more layers. The interlayer for laminated glass of the present invention comprises an ultraviolet absorber of formula (X) and a metal salt. In the interlayer for laminated glass of the present invention, due to the aforementioned structure, yellowing is less likely to occur, and the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0041] [ Figure 1 ] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] [ Figure 2 ] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] [ Figure 3 ] Figure 3 It is an illustrative representation of the use of Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an example of laminated glass with an interlayer film is shown.

[0044] [ Figure 4 ] Figure 4 It is an illustrative representation of the use of Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an example of laminated glass with an interlayer film is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in detail.

[0046] (Intermediate film for laminated glass)

[0047] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention (sometimes referred to simply as "interlayer film" in this specification) is used in laminated glass.

[0048] The intermediate film of the present invention has a single-layer structure or a structure with two or more layers. The intermediate film of the present invention can have a single-layer structure or a structure with two or more layers. The intermediate film of the present invention can have a two-layer structure, a structure with two or more layers, a structure with three or more layers. The intermediate film of the present invention may only have a first layer. The intermediate film of the present invention may have a first layer and a second layer disposed on a first surface side of the first layer. The intermediate film of the present invention may also have: a first layer; a second layer disposed on a first surface side of the first layer; and a third layer disposed on a second surface side of the first layer opposite to the first surface. The intermediate film of the present invention can be a single-layer intermediate film or a multi-layer intermediate film. The structure of the intermediate film of the present invention can be partially different. For example, the intermediate film of the present invention may include a portion having a single-layer structure and a portion having a multi-layer structure.

[0049] The intermediate membrane of the present invention comprises an ultraviolet absorber (sometimes simply referred to as "ultraviolet absorber (X)") as shown in formula (X) below and a metal salt. Therefore, the intermediate membrane of the present invention comprises ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt.

[0050] [Chemical Formula 5]

[0051]

[0052] In the formula (X), R1 represents any group, and R2 to R8 represent hydrogen atoms, atoms other than hydrogen atoms, or any group, respectively.

[0053] In conventional combinations of UV absorbers with a benzotriazole skeleton and metal salts, yellowing of the interlayer sometimes occurs. Furthermore, UV absorbers with a skeleton having hydroxyl groups directly bonded to a benzene ring (phenolic skeleton) are sometimes used as UV absorbers with a benzotriazole skeleton. The inventors have discovered that the yellowing of the interlayer is due to the reaction of the hydroxyl groups in the UV absorber with the benzotriazole skeleton with the metal salt. It should be noted that while reducing the metal salt content can suppress yellowing to some extent, it also reduces the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component.

[0054] In contrast, in the interlayer of the present invention, since an ultraviolet absorber (X) having an arbitrary group at a specific position on the benzotriazole skeleton (the R1 position in formula (X)) is used, the reactivity of the hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the benzene ring with the metal salt can be reduced. Therefore, the interlayer is less prone to yellowing. Furthermore, in the interlayer of the present invention, since a metal salt is used, the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component can be improved in the laminated glass.

[0055] That is, in the interlayer of the present invention, although it contains an ultraviolet absorber with a benzotriazole skeleton and a metal salt, it is not prone to yellowing and can improve the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component.

[0056] Furthermore, in the intermediate film of the present invention, when the intermediate film has a structure of two or more layers, the adhesion between the layers in the intermediate film can also be improved.

[0057] The intermediate film preferably comprises a layer containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. When the intermediate film is a single-layer intermediate film with a one-layer structure, the intermediate film only comprises a first layer containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. When the intermediate film is a multilayer intermediate film with a structure of two or more layers, the intermediate film preferably comprises at least one layer containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. When the intermediate film is a multilayer intermediate film with a structure of two or more layers, it is more preferable that at least one surface layer of the intermediate film is a layer containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt, and even more preferably that two surface layers of the intermediate film are layers containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. When the intermediate film is a multilayer intermediate film with a structure of two or more layers, it is more preferable that the second layer is a surface layer of the intermediate film, and this second layer is a layer containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. When the intermediate film is a multilayer intermediate film with a structure of three or more layers, it is more preferable that the third layer is a surface layer of the intermediate film, and this third layer is a layer containing an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. In the case where the intermediate film is a multilayer intermediate film having a structure of two or more layers, it is most preferable that all layers of the intermediate film contain ultraviolet absorber (X) and metal salt.

[0058] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The image shows a cross-section of the intermediate membrane 11 in the thickness direction.

[0060] Figure 1 The interlayer film 11 shown is a multilayer interlayer film having a structure of two or more layers. The interlayer film 11 is used to obtain laminated glass. The interlayer film 11 is an interlayer film for laminated glass. The interlayer film 11 includes a first layer 1, a second layer 2, and a third layer 3. The second layer 2 is disposed and stacked on a first surface 1a of the first layer 1. The third layer 3 is disposed and stacked on a second surface 1b of the first layer 1 opposite to the first surface 1a. The first layer 1 is an interlayer. The second layer 2 and the third layer 3 are protective layers, and in this embodiment, they are surface layers. The first layer 1 is disposed and sandwiched between the second layer 2 and the third layer 3. Therefore, the interlayer film 11 has a multilayer structure (second layer 2 / first layer 1 / third layer 3) formed by sequentially stacking the second layer 2, the first layer 1, and the third layer 3.

[0061] The first layer 1 contains an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. The second layer 2 contains an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. The third layer 3 contains an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt. In the intermediate film 11, each layer of the intermediate film 11 contains an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt.

[0062] It should be noted that other layers may also be disposed between the second layer 2 and the first layer 1, and between the first layer 1 and the third layer 3. Examples of other layers include layers containing polyethylene terephthalate, etc. Preferably, the second layer 2 and the first layer 1, and the first layer 1 and the third layer 3 are directly laminated.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The image shows a cross-section of the intermediate membrane 11A in the thickness direction.

[0064] Figure 2 The interlayer 11A shown is a single-layer interlayer with a one-layer structure. Interlayer 11A is the first layer. Interlayer 11A is used to obtain laminated glass. Interlayer 11A is an interlayer for laminated glass. Interlayer 11A contains an ultraviolet absorber (X) and a metal salt.

[0065] The following describes in detail the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer constituting the intermediate film of the present invention, as well as the details of each component contained in the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer.

[0066] <The ultraviolet absorber shown in formula (X) (ultraviolet absorber (X))>

[0067] The intermediate film contains an ultraviolet absorber (X). The intermediate film has a layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X). The ultraviolet absorber (X) is an ultraviolet absorber represented by the following formula (X). The first layer preferably contains the ultraviolet absorber (X). The second layer preferably contains the ultraviolet absorber (X). The third layer preferably contains the ultraviolet absorber (X). Only one type of ultraviolet absorber (X) may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination. Furthermore, the ultraviolet absorber (X) contained in the first layer, the ultraviolet absorber (X) contained in the second layer, and the ultraviolet absorber (X) contained in the third layer may be the same or different.

[0068] [Chemical Formula 6]

[0069]

[0070] In the formula (X), R1 represents any group, and R2 to R8 represent hydrogen atoms, atoms other than hydrogen atoms, or any group, respectively.

[0071] In the formula (X), R1 is preferably a group having 1 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 3 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 20 or fewer carbon atoms, and even more preferably a group having 10 or fewer carbon atoms. In this case, the reactivity of the hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the benzene ring in the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the metal salt can be further reduced, thus making it less prone to yellowing.

[0072] In formula (X), R1 is preferably alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. More preferably, R1 is propyl, a group represented by formula (R11) below, or a group represented by formula (R12) below. In this case, the reactivity of the hydroxyl group directly bonded to the benzene ring in the UV absorber (X) with the metal salt can be further reduced, thus reducing the likelihood of yellowing.

[0073] [Chemical Formula 7]

[0074]

[0075] In formula (R11), * indicates the bonding position with the carbon atom that constitutes the benzene ring.

[0076] [Chemical Formula 8]

[0077]

[0078] In formula (R12), * indicates the bonding position with the carbon atom that constitutes the benzene ring.

[0079] In formula (X), R2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of reducing the likelihood of yellowing, in formula (X), R2 is preferably an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of balancing the ease of obtaining the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the inhibition of yellowing, in formula (X), R2 is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0080] In formula (X), R3 is preferably a group having 1 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 3 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 30 or fewer carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 20 or fewer carbon atoms, and even more preferably a group having 10 or fewer carbon atoms. In this case, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained at a higher level, and yellowing is less likely to occur.

[0081] In formula (X), R3 is preferably alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. More preferably, R3 is propyl, a group represented by formula (R11), or a group represented by formula (R12). In this case, the reactivity of the hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the benzene ring in the UV absorber (X) with the metal salt can be further reduced, thus making it less prone to yellowing.

[0082] In formula (X), R4 is preferably a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of reducing the likelihood of yellowing, in formula (X), R4 is preferably an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of balancing the ease of obtaining the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the inhibition of yellowing, in formula (X), R4 is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0083] In formula (X), R5 is preferably a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of reducing the likelihood of yellowing, in formula (X), R5 is preferably an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of balancing the ease of obtaining the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the inhibition of yellowing, in formula (X), R5 is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0084] In formula (X), R6 is preferably a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of reducing the likelihood of yellowing, in formula (X), R6 is preferably an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of balancing the ease of obtaining the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the inhibition of yellowing, in formula (X), R6 is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0085] In formula (X), R7 is preferably a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of reducing the likelihood of yellowing, in formula (X), R7 is preferably an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of balancing the ease of obtaining the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the inhibition of yellowing, in formula (X), R7 is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0086] In formula (X), R8 is preferably a hydrogen atom, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of reducing the likelihood of yellowing, in formula (X), R8 is preferably an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. From the viewpoint of balancing the ease of obtaining the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the inhibition of yellowing, in formula (X), R8 is preferably a hydrogen atom.

[0087] The ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably comprises an ultraviolet absorber represented by the formula (X1) below, and more preferably an ultraviolet absorber represented by the formula (X1) below. In this case, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained to a higher degree, and yellowing is less likely to occur.

[0088] [Chemical Formula 9]

[0089]

[0090] In the formula (X1), R1 represents any group, R3 represents a group with 1 or more carbon atoms, and R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.

[0091] In the formula (X1), R1 is preferably a group having 1 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 3 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group having 20 or fewer carbon atoms, and even more preferably a group having 10 or fewer carbon atoms. In this case, the reactivity of the hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the benzene ring in the ultraviolet absorber (X) with the metal salt can be further reduced, thus making it less prone to yellowing.

[0092] In formula (X1), R1 is preferably alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylamino, aniline, acylamino, alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, alkylthio, or arylthio. More preferably, R1 is propyl, a group represented by formula (R11), or a group represented by formula (R12). In this case, the reactivity of the hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the benzene ring in the UV absorber (X) with the metal salt can be further reduced, thus reducing the likelihood of yellowing.

[0093] In the formula (X1), R3 is preferably a group with 1 or more carbon atoms, more preferably a group with 30 or fewer carbon atoms, and more preferably a group with 10 or fewer carbon atoms. In this case, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained at a higher level, and yellowing is less likely to occur.

[0094] In formula (X1), R6 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a chlorine atom. In this case, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained at a higher level, and yellowing is less likely to occur.

[0095] The ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably comprises an ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X11), formula (X12), or formula (X13) below, and more preferably an ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X11), formula (X12), or formula (X13) below. In this case, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained to a higher degree, and yellowing is less likely to occur.

[0096] [Chemical Formula 10]

[0097]

[0098] [Chemical Formula 11]

[0099]

[0100] [Chemical Formula 12]

[0101]

[0102] The molecular weight of the ultraviolet absorber (X) is preferably 350 or more, more preferably 355 or more, even more preferably 380 or more, preferably 600 or less, and more preferably 500 or less. If the molecular weight of the ultraviolet absorber (X) is above the lower limit and below the upper limit, the ultraviolet absorption performance can be maintained to a higher degree, and yellowing is less likely to occur.

[0103] Commercially available ultraviolet absorbers (X) include: BASF's "Tinuvin 234" and "Tinuvin 640", Rianlon's "RIASORB UV-234" and "RIASORB UV-928", Eversorb 88 and "Eversorb 89" from Everlight Chemical, Viosorb 234 from Kyodo Pharmaceuticals, Songwon's "SONGSORB 2340" and "SONGSORB 9280", Eusorb UV-234 from Eutec, and Chitec's "CHIGUARD 234" and "CHIGUARD 5228", etc.

[0104] In 100% by weight of the layer (first layer, second layer, or third layer) containing ultraviolet absorber (X), the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 0.2% by weight or more, further preferably 0.3% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.4% by weight or more, preferably 7% by weight or less, more preferably 6% by weight or less, further preferably 5% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 4% by weight or less. When the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) is at or above the lower limit, the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer can be further reduced, and even with prolonged use of the interlayer and laminated glass, the decrease in visible light transmittance can be further suppressed. In particular, by making the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) at 0.1% by weight or more in 100% by weight of the layer containing ultraviolet absorber (X), the decrease in visible light transmittance can be significantly suppressed even with prolonged use of the interlayer and laminated glass. When the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) is at or below the upper limit, the dispersibility of ultraviolet absorber (X) in the layer containing ultraviolet absorber (X) can be further improved.

[0105] In the 100% by weight of the interlayer film, the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 0.2% by weight or more, even more preferably 0.3% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.4% by weight or more, preferably 7% by weight or less, more preferably 6% by weight or less, even more preferably 5% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 4% by weight or less. When the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) is at or above the lower limit, the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer film can be further reduced, and even with prolonged use of the interlayer film and laminated glass, the decrease in visible light transmittance can be further suppressed. In particular, by making the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) in the 100% by weight of the interlayer film 0.1% by weight or more, the decrease in visible light transmittance can be significantly suppressed even with prolonged use of the interlayer film and laminated glass. When the content of ultraviolet absorber (X) is at or below the upper limit, the dispersibility of ultraviolet absorber (X) in the interlayer film can be further improved.

[0106] Relative to 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic resin in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X), the content of the ultraviolet absorber (X) in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is preferably 0.1 parts by weight or more, more preferably 0.2 parts by weight or more, even more preferably 0.3 parts by weight or more, preferably 3 parts by weight or less, more preferably 2.5 parts by weight or less, and even more preferably 2 parts by weight or less. When the content of the ultraviolet absorber (X) is at or above the lower limit, the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer can be further reduced, and even with prolonged use of the interlayer and laminated glass, the decrease in visible light transmittance can be further suppressed. When the content of the ultraviolet absorber (X) is at or below the upper limit, the dispersibility of the ultraviolet absorber (X) in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) can be further improved.

[0107] (metal salt)

[0108] The interlayer film contains a metal salt. The interlayer film has layers containing the metal salt. The first layer preferably contains the metal salt. The second layer preferably contains the metal salt. The third layer preferably contains the metal salt. The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains the metal salt. By using the metal salt, the adhesion between the interlayer film and laminated glass components such as glass plates, or the adhesion between the layers in the interlayer film, can be easily controlled. Only one type of metal salt can be used, or two or more types can be used in combination. Furthermore, the metal salt contained in the first layer, the metal salt contained in the second layer, and the metal salt contained in the third layer can be the same or different.

[0109] The metal salt preferably comprises an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt. This makes it easier to control the adhesion between the interlayer and the laminated glass component, or the adhesion between the layers within the interlayer.

[0110] It should be noted that alkaline earth metals refer to the six metals Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra.

[0111] The metal salt preferably contains at least one metal selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. The metal salt contained in the intermediate film preferably contains at least one metal selected from K and Mg, more preferably Mg. By including Mg in the metal salt, collision safety at low water content can be improved.

[0112] The metal salt preferably comprises a magnesium salt (P) of an organic acid with a branched chain structure. This makes it easier to control the adhesion between the interlayer film and laminated glass components such as the glass plate, or the adhesion between the layers within the interlayer film.

[0113] The magnesium salt (P) of the organic acid with a branched chain structure is preferably a magnesium salt of a carboxylic acid with a branched chain structure. This makes it easier to control the adhesion between the interlayer film and laminated glass components such as the glass plate, or the adhesion between the layers in the interlayer film.

[0114] The metal salt preferably comprises a metal salt (Q) of an organic acid having 2 or more but less than 8 carbon atoms, other than a magnesium salt of an organic acid with a branched structure. The metal salt (Q) of the organic acid having 2 or more but less than 8 carbon atoms is different from the magnesium salt (P) of the organic acid with a branched structure. In this case, it is also easier to control the adhesion between the interlayer and laminated glass components such as the glass plate, or the adhesion between the layers in the interlayer.

[0115] The metal salt (Q) of the organic acid having 2 or more but less than 8 carbon atoms is preferably a magnesium or potassium salt of the organic acid having 2 or more but less than 8 carbon atoms. This makes it easier to control the adhesion between the interlayer film and laminated glass components such as the glass plate, or the adhesion between the layers in the interlayer film.

[0116] It should be noted that the metal salt preferably includes the magnesium salt (P) of the organic acid with a branched structure and the metal salt (Q) of the organic acid with 2 or more and 8 or fewer carbon atoms.

[0117] Furthermore, as the metal salt, alkali metal salts of organic acids having 2 to 16 carbon atoms and alkaline earth metal salts of organic acids having 2 to 16 carbon atoms can be used. The metal salt may comprise magnesium carboxylate salts having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, or potassium carboxylate salts having 2 to 16 carbon atoms.

[0118] Examples of magnesium carboxylate salts having 2 to 16 carbon atoms and potassium carboxylate salts having 2 to 16 carbon atoms include: magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, magnesium propionate, potassium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate, potassium 2-ethylbutyrate, magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate, and potassium 2-ethylhexanoate.

[0119] In the layer comprising the ultraviolet absorber (X) and the metal salt, the weight ratio of the metal content in the metal salt to the ultraviolet absorber (X) content (metal content in the metal salt / ultraviolet absorber (X) content) is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, further preferably 4 or more, particularly preferably 5 or more, preferably 50 or less, and more preferably 35 or less. When the weight ratio (metal content in the metal salt / ultraviolet absorber (X) content) is above the lower limit and below the upper limit, the effects of the present invention can be further effectively exerted.

[0120] The total content of Mg and K in the intermediate film containing the metal salt, or in the layers containing the metal salt (first layer, second layer, third layer, or layer containing ultraviolet absorber (X)), is preferably 5 ppm or more, more preferably 10 ppm or more, further preferably 20 ppm or more, preferably 300 ppm or less, more preferably 250 ppm or less, and even more preferably 200 ppm or less. When the total content of Mg and K is above the lower limit and below the upper limit, the adhesion between the intermediate film and the laminated glass component (glass plate, etc.) or the adhesion between the layers in the intermediate film can be further well controlled.

[0121] The content of Mg in the intermediate film containing the metal salt, or in the layer containing the metal salt (first layer, second layer, third layer, or layer containing ultraviolet absorber (X)), is preferably 5 ppm or more, more preferably 10 ppm or more, even more preferably 20 ppm or more, preferably 300 ppm or less, more preferably 250 ppm or less, and even more preferably 200 ppm or less.

[0122] The contents of Mg and K, as well as the Mg content, can be determined by the amount of metal salts contained in each layer, or by measuring them using an ICP luminescence analyzer.

[0123] (Thermoplastic resin)

[0124] The interlayer preferably comprises a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as thermoplastic resin (0)). The interlayer preferably comprises polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as polyvinyl acetal resin (0)) as the thermoplastic resin (0). The first layer preferably comprises a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as thermoplastic resin (1)). The first layer preferably comprises polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as polyvinyl acetal resin (1)) as the thermoplastic resin (1). The second layer preferably comprises a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as thermoplastic resin (2)). The second layer preferably comprises polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as polyvinyl acetal resin (2)) as the thermoplastic resin (2). The third layer preferably comprises a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as thermoplastic resin (3)). The third layer preferably comprises polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as polyvinyl acetal resin (3)) as the thermoplastic resin (3). The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as thermoplastic resin (4)). The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as polyvinyl acetal resin (4)) as the thermoplastic resin (4). The thermoplastic resin (1), the thermoplastic resin (2), the thermoplastic resin (3) and the thermoplastic resin (4) may be the same or different. From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the thermoplastic resin (1) is preferably different from the thermoplastic resin (2) and the thermoplastic resin (3). The polyvinyl acetal resin (1), the polyvinyl acetal resin (2), the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) may be the same or different. From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably different from the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3). The thermoplastic resin (0), thermoplastic resin (1), thermoplastic resin (2), thermoplastic resin (3), and thermoplastic resin (4) may each be used individually or in combination of two or more. The polyvinyl acetal resin (0), polyvinyl acetal resin (1), polyvinyl acetal resin (2), polyvinyl acetal resin (3), and polyvinyl acetal resin (4) may each be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0125] Examples of thermoplastic resins include polyvinyl alcohol acetal resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer resin, polyurethane resin, (meth)acrylic acid resin, polyolefin resin, ionomer resin, and polyvinyl alcohol resin. Other thermoplastic resins may also be used.

[0126] The polyvinyl alcohol acetal resin can be manufactured, for example, by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using an aldehyde. The polyvinyl alcohol acetal resin is preferably an acetalized form of polyvinyl alcohol. The polyvinyl alcohol is obtained, for example, by saponifying polyvinyl acetate. The degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol is typically in the range of 70 mol% to 99.9 mol%.

[0127] The average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is preferably 200 or higher, more preferably 500 or higher, even more preferably 1500 or higher, even more preferably 1600 or higher, particularly preferably 2600 or higher, most preferably 2700 or higher, preferably 5000 or lower, more preferably 4000 or lower, and even more preferably 3500 or lower. When the average degree of polymerization is above the lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further improved. When the average degree of polymerization is below the upper limit, the formation of the interlayer becomes easier.

[0128] The average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol was determined according to the method in JIS K6726 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Alcohol".

[0129] The number of carbon atoms in the acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited. The aldehyde used in manufacturing the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited. The number of carbon atoms in the acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 3 to 5, more preferably 3 or 4. When the number of carbon atoms in the acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal resin is 3 or more, the glass transition temperature of the intermediate film is sufficiently reduced. The number of carbon atoms in the acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal resin can be 4 or 5.

[0130] The aldehyde is not particularly limited. Generally, aldehydes with 1 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred. Examples of aldehydes with 1 to 10 carbon atoms include: propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-pentanaldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-hexanaldehyde, n-octanaldehyde, n-nonanaldehyde, n-decanaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzaldehyde. The aldehyde is preferably propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-hexanaldehyde, or n-pentanaldehyde; more preferably propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, or isobutyraldehyde; and even more preferably n-butyraldehyde. Only one type of aldehyde may be used, or two or more may be used in combination.

[0131] The hydroxyl content (hydroxyl amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) is preferably 15 mol% or more, more preferably 18 mol% or more, more preferably 40 mol% or less, and more preferably 35 mol% or less. When the hydroxyl content is above the lower limit, the adhesive strength of the interlayer is further improved. In addition, when the hydroxyl content is below the upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer increases, and the processing of the interlayer becomes easier.

[0132] The hydroxyl content (hydroxyl amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 17 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, even more preferably 22 mol% or more, preferably 28 mol% or less, more preferably 27 mol% or less, even more preferably 25 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 24 mol% or less. When the hydroxyl content is above the lower limit, the mechanical strength of the interlayer is further improved. In particular, when the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 20 mol% or more, the reaction efficiency is high and the productivity is excellent, and when it is 28 mol% or less, the sound insulation of the laminated glass is further improved. In addition, when the hydroxyl content is below the upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer increases and the processing of the interlayer becomes easier.

[0133] The preferred range of the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) when the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the intermediate film is the same as the preferred range of the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1).

[0134] The hydroxyl content (hydroxyl amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 25 mol% or more, more preferably 28 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, even more preferably 31.5 mol% or more, even more preferably 32 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 33 mol% or more. The hydroxyl content (hydroxyl amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 38 mol% or less, more preferably 37 mol% or less, even more preferably 36.5 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 36 mol% or less. When the hydroxyl content is above the lower limit, the adhesive strength of the interlayer is further improved. In addition, when the hydroxyl content is below the upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer increases, and the processing of the interlayer becomes easier.

[0135] The preferred range of the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) when the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the intermediate film is the same as the preferred range of the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3).

[0136] From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably lower than that of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2). From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably lower than that of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3). The absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) is defined as absolute value A, and the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is defined as absolute value B. From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, absolute values ​​A and B are preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, further preferably 9 mol% or more, particularly preferably 10 mol% or more, and most preferably 12 mol% or more. Absolute values ​​A and B are preferably 20 mol% or less.

[0137] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the intermediate film, from the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is preferably lower than the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2). When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the intermediate film, from the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is preferably lower than the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3). The absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) and the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) is set as absolute value C, and the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) and the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is set as absolute value D. From the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the absolute values ​​of C and D are preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, even more preferably 9 mol% or more, particularly preferably 10 mol% or more, and most preferably 12 mol% or more. The absolute values ​​of C and D are preferably 20 mol% or less.

[0138] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the intermediate film, from the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably lower than the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4). When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the intermediate film, from the viewpoint of further improving sound insulation, the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is preferably 1 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, further preferably 9 mol% or more, particularly preferably 10 mol% or more, and most preferably 12 mol% or more. The absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is preferably 20 mol% or less.

[0139] The hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is a percentage value obtained by dividing the amount of hydroxyl-bonded ethylene by the total amount of ethylene in the main chain. The amount of hydroxyl-bonded ethylene can be determined, for example, according to JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral".

[0140] The degree of acetylation (acetyl group content) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 0.3 mol% or more, even more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, preferably 30 mol% or less, more preferably 25 mol% or less, and even more preferably 20 mol% or less. When the degree of acetylation is above the lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer becomes higher. When the degree of acetylation is below the upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer and the laminated glass becomes higher.

[0141] The degree of acetylation (acetyl group content) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 0.01 mol% or more, more preferably 0.1 mol% or more, even more preferably 7 mol% or more, even more preferably 9 mol% or more, preferably 30 mol% or less, more preferably 25 mol% or less, even more preferably 24 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 20 mol% or less. When the degree of acetylation is above the lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer becomes higher. When the degree of acetylation is below the upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer and the laminated glass becomes higher. In particular, when the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 0.1 mol% or more and 25 mol% or less, the penetration resistance is excellent.

[0142] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the intermediate film, the preferred range of the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is the same as the preferred range of the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1).

[0143] The degree of acetylation (acetyl group content) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 0.01 mol% or more, more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or less, and more preferably 2 mol% or less. When the degree of acetylation is above the lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer becomes higher. When the degree of acetylation is below the upper limit, the moisture resistance of the interlayer and the laminated glass becomes higher.

[0144] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the intermediate film, the preferred range of the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is the same as the preferred range of the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3).

[0145] The degree of acetylation is expressed as a percentage, calculated by dividing the amount of acetyl-bonded ethylene by the total amount of ethylene in the main chain. The amount of acetyl-bonded ethylene can be determined, for example, according to JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral".

[0146] The degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (0) (or the degree of butyralization in the case of polyvinyl butyral resin) is preferably 60 mol% or more, more preferably 63 mol% or more, preferably 85 mol% or less, more preferably 75 mol% or less, and even more preferably 70 mol% or less. When the degree of acetalization is above the lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer becomes higher. When the degree of acetalization is below the upper limit, the reaction time required to manufacture the polyvinyl acetal resin becomes shorter.

[0147] The degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) (or the degree of butyralization in the case of polyvinyl butyral resin) is preferably 47 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more, more preferably 85 mol% or less, more preferably 80 mol% or less, and even more preferably 75 mol% or less. When the degree of acetalization is above the lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer becomes higher. When the degree of acetalization is below the upper limit, the reaction time required to manufacture the polyvinyl acetal resin becomes shorter.

[0148] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the intermediate film, the preferred range of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is the same as the preferred range of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1).

[0149] The degree of acetalization (or butyralization in the case of polyvinyl butyral resin) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 55 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more, more preferably 75 mol% or less, and more preferably 71 mol% or less. When the degree of acetalization is above the lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer becomes higher. When the degree of acetalization is below the upper limit, the reaction time required to manufacture the polyvinyl acetal resin becomes shorter.

[0150] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the intermediate film, the preferred range of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (4) is the same as the preferred range of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3).

[0151] The degree of acetalization is determined as follows: First, subtract the amount of hydroxyl-bonded ethylene and acetyl-bonded ethylene from the total amount of ethylene in the main chain. Divide this value by the total amount of ethylene in the main chain to obtain the mole fraction. Express this mole fraction as a percentage to obtain the degree of acetalization.

[0152] It should be noted that the content (hydroxyl content), degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization), and degree of acetylation of the hydroxyl groups are preferably calculated from the results determined according to the method of JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral". Alternatively, a determination based on ASTM D1396-92 can also be used. When the polyvinyl acetal resin is polyvinyl butyral resin, the content (hydroxyl content), degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization), and degree of acetylation can be calculated from the results determined according to the method of JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyral".

[0153] Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the interlayer film, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, further preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more. Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the interlayer film, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably less than 100% by weight. The main component (50% by weight or more) of the thermoplastic resin in the interlayer film is preferably polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0154] Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the first layer, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, further preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more. Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the first layer, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably less than 100% by weight. The main component (50% by weight or more) of the thermoplastic resin in the first layer is preferably polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0155] Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the second layer, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, further preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more. Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the second layer, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably less than 100% by weight. The main component (50% by weight or more) of the thermoplastic resin in the second layer is preferably polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0156] Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the third layer, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, further preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more. Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the third layer, the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably less than 100% by weight. The main component (50% by weight or more) of the thermoplastic resin in the third layer is preferably polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0157] Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X), the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, further preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more. Of the 100% by weight of thermoplastic resin contained in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X), the content of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 100% by weight or less. The main component (50% by weight or more) of the thermoplastic resin in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is preferably polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0158] (Plasticizer)

[0159] From the viewpoint of further improving the adhesive strength of the interlayer, the interlayer of the present invention preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as plasticizer (0)). The first layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as plasticizer (1)). The second layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as plasticizer (2)). The third layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as plasticizer (3)). The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as plasticizer (4)). When the thermoplastic resin contained in the interlayer is polyvinyl acetal resin, the interlayer (each layer) particularly preferably contains a plasticizer. The layer containing polyvinyl acetal resin preferably contains a plasticizer.

[0160] The plasticizer is not particularly limited. Conventionally known plasticizers can be used as the plasticizer. Only one type of plasticizer may be used, or two or more may be used in combination.

[0161] Examples of plasticizers include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic and polybasic organic esters, organic phosphoric acid plasticizers, and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. The plasticizer is preferably an organic ester plasticizer. The plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.

[0162] Examples of monobasic organic acid esters include diol esters obtained by reacting a diol with a monobasic organic acid. Examples of diols include triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol. Examples of monobasic organic acids include butyric acid, isobutyric acid, hexanoic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, and benzoic acid.

[0163] Examples of polybasic organic acid esters include ester compounds of polybasic organic acids and alcohols having a straight-chain or branched structure with 4 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of polybasic organic acids include adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid.

[0164] Examples of organic ester plasticizers include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropionate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dioctanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,4-butanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, and diethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate. The organic ester plasticizers include diethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylvalerate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol dioctanoate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, hexylcyclohexyl adipate, a mixture of heptyl adipate and nonyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, heptylnonyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, oil-modified sebacate, and mixtures of phosphate esters and adipates. Other organic ester plasticizers besides these can also be used as the aforementioned organic ester plasticizers. Furthermore, other adipates besides those mentioned above can also be used as adipates.

[0165] Examples of organophosphate plasticizers include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, and triisopropyl phosphate.

[0166] The plasticizer is preferably a diester plasticizer as shown in formula (1).

[0167] [Chemical Formula 13]

[0168]

[0169] In formula (1), R1 and R2 represent organic groups with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, R3 represents ethylene, isopropylidene, or n-propylidene, and p represents an integer from 3 to 10. R1 and R2 in formula (1) are preferably organic groups with 5 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably organic groups with 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0170] The plasticizer preferably comprises triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO), triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH), or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropionate. More preferably, the plasticizer comprises triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH), and even more preferably, it comprises triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO).

[0171] The content (0) of the plasticizer (0) in the interlayer relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (0) is defined as the content (0). The content (0) is preferably 5 parts by weight or more, more preferably 25 parts by weight or more, even more preferably 30 parts by weight or more, preferably 100 parts by weight or less, more preferably 60 parts by weight or less, and even more preferably 50 parts by weight or less. When the content (0) is above the lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further improved. When the content (0) is below the upper limit, the transparency of the interlayer is further improved.

[0172] In the first layer, the content of the plasticizer (1) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (1) is defined as content (1). The content (1) is preferably 50 parts by weight or more, more preferably 55 parts by weight or more, and even more preferably 60 parts by weight or more. The content (1) is preferably 100 parts by weight or less, more preferably 90 parts by weight or less, even more preferably 85 parts by weight or less, and particularly preferably 80 parts by weight or less. If the content (1) is above the lower limit, the flexibility of the interlayer increases, and the processing of the interlayer becomes easier. When the content (1) is below the upper limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further improved.

[0173] In the case where the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the intermediate film, the preferred range of the content of the plasticizer (4) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (4) in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the same as the preferred range of the content (1).

[0174] In the second layer, the content of the plasticizer (2) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (2) is defined as content (2). In the third layer, the content of the plasticizer (3) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (3) is defined as content (3). The content (2) and the content (3) are preferably 5 parts by weight or more, more preferably 10 parts by weight or more, further preferably 15 parts by weight or more, further preferably 20 parts by weight or more, particularly preferably 24 parts by weight or more, and most preferably 25 parts by weight or more. The content (2) and the content (3) are preferably 45 parts by weight or less, more preferably 40 parts by weight or less, further preferably 35 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 32 parts by weight or less, and most preferably 30 parts by weight or less. If the content (2) and the content (3) are above the lower limit, the flexibility of the interlayer becomes higher, and the processing of the interlayer becomes easier. When the content (2) and the content (3) are below the upper limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further improved.

[0175] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the intermediate film, the preferred range of the content of the plasticizer (4) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (4) in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as content (4)) is the same as the preferred range of the content (2) and the content (3).

[0176] To improve the sound insulation of laminated glass, the content (1) is preferably more than the content (2), and the content (1) is preferably more than the content (3).

[0177] In the case that the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the interlayer, in order to improve the sound insulation of the laminated glass, the content (4) is preferably more than the content (2), and the content (4) is preferably more than the content (3).

[0178] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the interlayer, in order to improve the sound insulation of the laminated glass, the content (1) is preferably more than the content (4).

[0179] From the viewpoint of further improving the sound insulation of laminated glass, the absolute value of the difference between the content (2) and the content (1), and the absolute value of the difference between the content (3) and the content (1) are preferably 10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15 parts by weight or more, and even more preferably 20 parts by weight or more. The absolute value of the difference between the content (2) and the content (1), and the absolute value of the difference between the content (3) and the content (1) are preferably 80 parts by weight or less, more preferably 75 parts by weight or less, and even more preferably 70 parts by weight or less.

[0180] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is not the surface layer of the interlayer, from the viewpoint of further improving the sound insulation of the laminated glass, the absolute value of the difference between the content (2) and the content (4), and the absolute value of the difference between the content (3) and the content (4) are preferably 10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15 parts by weight or more, and even more preferably 20 parts by weight or more. The absolute value of the difference between the content (2) and the content (4), and the absolute value of the difference between the content (3) and the content (4) are preferably 80 parts by weight or less, more preferably 75 parts by weight or less, and even more preferably 70 parts by weight or less.

[0181] When the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) is the surface layer of the interlayer, from the viewpoint of further improving the sound insulation of the laminated glass, the absolute value of the difference between the content (4) and the content (1) is preferably 10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15 parts by weight or more, and even more preferably 20 parts by weight or more. The absolute value of the difference between the content (4) and the content (1) is preferably 80 parts by weight or less, more preferably 75 parts by weight or less, and even more preferably 70 parts by weight or less.

[0182] (Insulating material)

[0183] The intermediate film preferably contains a heat-insulating material. The first layer preferably contains a heat-insulating material. The second layer preferably contains a heat-insulating material. The third layer preferably contains a heat-insulating material. The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains a heat-insulating material. Only one type of heat-insulating material may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.

[0184] The insulating material preferably contains at least one component X selected from phthalocyanine compounds, naphthalene phthalocyanine compounds, and anthracene phthalocyanine compounds, or contains insulating particles. In this case, the insulating material may contain both component X and the insulating particles.

[0185] Ingredient X:

[0186] The intermediate membrane preferably contains at least one component X selected from phthalocyanine compounds, naphthyl phthalocyanine compounds, and anthracene phthalocyanine compounds. The first layer preferably contains component X. The second layer preferably contains component X. The third layer preferably contains component X. The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains component X. Component X is a heat-insulating material. Component X may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0187] The ingredient X is not particularly limited. Commonly known phthalocyanine compounds, naphthalene phthalocyanine compounds, and anthracene phthalocyanine compounds can be used as ingredient X.

[0188] Examples of component X include phthalocyanines, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthyl phthalocyanines, naphthyl phthalocyanine derivatives, anthracene phthalocyanines, and anthracene phthalocyanine derivatives. The phthalocyanine compounds and the phthalocyanine derivatives preferably have a phthalocyanine skeleton. The naphthyl phthalocyanine compounds and the naphthyl phthalocyanine derivatives preferably have a naphthyl phthalocyanine skeleton. The anthracene phthalocyanine compounds and the anthracene phthalocyanine derivatives preferably have an anthracene phthalocyanine skeleton.

[0189] From the viewpoint of further improving the thermal insulation of the interlayer and laminated glass, the component X is preferably selected from at least one of phthalocyanine, derivatives of phthalocyanine, naphthalene phthalocyanine and derivatives of naphthalene phthalocyanine, more preferably from at least one of phthalocyanine and derivatives of phthalocyanine.

[0190] From the viewpoint of effectively improving thermal insulation and maintaining visible light transmittance at a higher level for a longer period of time, component X preferably contains vanadium atoms or copper atoms. Component X preferably contains vanadium atoms, and even more preferably contains copper atoms. Component X is more preferably at least one of phthalocyanine containing vanadium atoms or copper atoms and derivatives of phthalocyanine containing vanadium atoms or copper atoms. From the viewpoint of further improving the thermal insulation of the interlayer and laminated glass, component X preferably has structural units with oxygen atoms bonded to vanadium atoms.

[0191] In the 100% by weight of the intermediate film or in the 100% by weight of the layers containing component X (the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, or the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X),) the content of component X is preferably 0.001% by weight or more, more preferably 0.005% by weight or more, further preferably 0.01% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 0.02% by weight or more. In the 100% by weight of the intermediate film or in the 100% by weight of the layers containing component X (the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, or the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X),) the content of component X is preferably 0.2% by weight or less, more preferably 0.1% by weight or less, further preferably 0.05% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 0.04% by weight or less. If the content of component X is above the lower limit and below the upper limit, the heat insulation performance is sufficiently high, and the visible light transmittance is sufficiently high. For example, the visible light transmittance can be 70% or more.

[0192] Insulating particles:

[0193] The intermediate film preferably contains heat-insulating particles. The first layer preferably contains the heat-insulating particles. The second layer preferably contains the heat-insulating particles. The third layer preferably contains the heat-insulating particles. The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains the heat-insulating particles. The heat-insulating particles are heat-insulating materials. By using the heat-insulating particles, infrared rays (heat rays) can be effectively blocked. Only one type of heat-insulating particle can be used, or two or more types can be used in combination.

[0194] From the viewpoint of further improving the thermal insulation performance of laminated glass, the thermal insulation particles are more preferably metal oxide particles. The thermal insulation particles are preferably particles formed from metal oxides (metal oxide particles).

[0195] Infrared radiation, with wavelengths longer than visible light (780 nm and above), has less energy than ultraviolet radiation. However, infrared radiation has a significant thermal effect; when absorbed by matter, it is released as heat. Therefore, infrared radiation is generally referred to as heat radiation. By using the aforementioned heat-insulating particles, infrared radiation (heat radiation) can be effectively blocked. It should be noted that heat-insulating particles are particles capable of absorbing infrared radiation.

[0196] Specific examples of the heat-insulating particles include aluminum-doped tin oxide particles, indium-doped tin oxide particles, antimony-doped tin oxide particles (ATO particles), gallium-doped zinc oxide particles (GZO particles), indium-doped zinc oxide particles (IZO particles), aluminum-doped zinc oxide particles (AZO particles), niobium-doped titanium oxide particles, sodium-doped tungsten oxide particles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles, thallium-doped tungsten oxide particles, rubidium-doped tungsten oxide particles, tin-doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles), tin-doped zinc oxide particles, silicon-doped zinc oxide particles, and other metal oxide particles, as well as lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) particles. Other heat-insulating particles may also be used. Due to the high shielding performance of the heat wire, metal oxide particles are preferred, and ATO particles, GZO particles, IZO particles, ITO particles, or tungsten oxide particles are more preferred, especially ITO particles or tungsten oxide particles. Particularly because the heat wire has high shielding performance and is readily available, tin-doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles) are preferred, and tungsten oxide particles are also preferred.

[0197] From the viewpoint of further improving the thermal insulation properties of the interlayer and laminated glass, tungsten oxide particles are preferably metal-doped tungsten oxide particles. The term "tungsten oxide particles" includes metal-doped tungsten oxide particles. Specifically, examples of metal-doped tungsten oxide particles include sodium-doped tungsten oxide particles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles, thallium-doped tungsten oxide particles, and rubidium-doped tungsten oxide particles.

[0198] From the viewpoint of further improving the thermal insulation properties of the interlayer and laminated glass, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles are particularly preferred. Specifically, these cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles are preferably of the formula: Cs 0.33 Tungsten oxide particles as shown in WO3.

[0199] The average particle size of the heat-insulating particles is preferably 0.01 μm or more, more preferably 0.02 μm or more, more preferably 0.1 μm or less, and more preferably 0.05 μm or less. If the average particle size is above or below the lower limit, the shielding performance of the heat wire is sufficiently high. When the average particle size is below the upper limit, the dispersibility of the heat-insulating particles is high.

[0200] The term "average particle size" refers to the volume average particle size. The average particle size can be measured using a particle size distribution measuring device (such as the Nikkiso "UPA-EX150").

[0201] In the 100% by weight of the intermediate film or in the 100% by weight of the layers containing the heat-insulating particles (the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, or the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X),) the content of the heat-insulating particles (especially the content of tungsten oxide particles) is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, further preferably 1% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 1.5% by weight or more. In the 100% by weight of the intermediate film or in the 100% by weight of the layers containing the heat-insulating particles (the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, or the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X),) the content of the heat-insulating particles (especially the content of tungsten oxide particles) is preferably 6% by weight or less, more preferably 5.5% by weight or less, further preferably 4% by weight or less, particularly preferably 3.5% by weight or less, and most preferably 3% by weight or less. If the content of the heat-insulating particles is above the lower limit and below the upper limit, the heat insulation performance is sufficiently high, and the visible light transmittance is sufficiently high.

[0202] (Antioxidants)

[0203] The intermediate membrane preferably contains an antioxidant. The first layer preferably contains an antioxidant. The second layer preferably contains an antioxidant. The third layer preferably contains an antioxidant. The layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X) preferably contains an antioxidant. Only one type of antioxidant may be used, or two or more may be used in combination.

[0204] Examples of antioxidants include phenolic antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and phosphorus-based antioxidants. Phenolic antioxidants are antioxidants with a phenolic skeleton. Sulfur-based antioxidants are antioxidants containing sulfur atoms. Phosphorus-based antioxidants are antioxidants containing phosphorus atoms.

[0205] The antioxidant is preferably a phenolic antioxidant or a phosphorus antioxidant.

[0206] Examples of phenolic antioxidants include: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, stearyl-β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 2,2'-methylenebis-(4-methyl-6-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis-(4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylenebis-(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tri- (2-Methyl-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane, tetra[methylene-3-(3',5'-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]methane, 1,3,3-tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenol)butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, bis(3,3'-tert-butylphenol) glycol butyrate, and bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenylpropionate) ethylene bis(oxyethylene), etc. It is preferred to use one or more of these antioxidants.

[0207] Examples of phosphorus-based antioxidants include tridecyl phosphite, tri(tetranyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, trinonylphenyl phosphite, bis(tetranyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(decyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite, and 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butyl-1-phenyloxy)(2-ethylhexyloxy)phosphite. It is preferred to use one or more of these antioxidants.

[0208] Commercially available examples of the aforementioned antioxidants include, for example, BASF's "IRGANOX 245", "BASF's "IRGAFOS168", "BASF's "IRGAFOS 38", "Sumilizer BHT" manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., "H-BHT" manufactured by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd., and "IRGANOX 1010" manufactured by BASF.

[0209] To maintain high visible light transmittance of the interlayer and laminated glass over a long period, the content of the antioxidant in 100% by weight of the interlayer or in 100% by weight of the layers containing the antioxidant (first layer, second layer, third layer, or layer containing ultraviolet absorber (X)) is preferably 0.03% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more. Furthermore, since the effect of adding the antioxidant is saturated, the content of the antioxidant in 100% by weight of the interlayer or in 100% by weight of the layers containing the antioxidant is preferably 2% by weight or less.

[0210] (Other ingredients)

[0211] The intermediate film, including the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber (X), may contain other components besides the stated component, as needed. Examples of these other components include ultraviolet absorbers other than the ultraviolet absorber (X), colorants (pigments and dyes, etc.), coupling agents, dispersants, surfactants, flame retardants, antistatic agents, adhesion modifiers other than metal salts, moisture-resistant agents, fluorescent whitening agents, and infrared absorbers. These other components may be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0212] (Other details regarding the interlayer film for laminated glass)

[0213] The maximum transmittance of the interlayer film at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm is preferably below 0.1%, more preferably below 0.09%, and even more preferably below 0.08%. When the maximum transmittance is below the upper limit, the visible light transmittance is unlikely to decrease further even after prolonged use of the interlayer film and laminated glass. It should be noted that the maximum transmittance of the interlayer film at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm can be above 0%.

[0214] The transmittance of the intermediate film at a wavelength of 400 nm is preferably 1.5% or more, more preferably 3% or more, and even more preferably 5% or more. When the transmittance is above the lower limit, the visible light transmittance can be further improved.

[0215] The transmittance of the interlayer film at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm, and at a wavelength of 400 nm, can be determined as follows: The interlayer film is placed between two pieces of transparent glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, according to JIS R3202:1996, to obtain laminated glass A. The transmittance of the laminated glass A at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm, and at a wavelength of 400 nm, are measured. The transmittance of laminated glass A at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm, and at a wavelength of 400 nm, are defined as the transmittance of the interlayer film at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm, and at a wavelength of 400 nm, respectively. The transmittance can be measured using a spectrophotometer (e.g., Hitachi High-Tech Co., Ltd. "U-4150") according to JIS R3211:1998.

[0216] The ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer film is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.3% or less, and even more preferably 0.1% or less. When the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) is below the upper limit, the visible light transmittance is unlikely to decrease further even after long-term use of the interlayer film and laminated glass. It should be noted that the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer film can be 0% or more.

[0217] The ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer film can be determined as follows: The interlayer film is placed between two pieces of transparent glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm, according to JIS R3202:1996, to obtain laminated glass A. The transmittance of the laminated glass A at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 400 nm is measured. The value calculated from the transmittance of laminated glass A at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 400 nm using the method according to ISO 9050 is defined as the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the interlayer film. The ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) can be measured using a spectrophotometer (e.g., Hitachi High-Tech Co., Ltd. "U-4150") according to JIS R3211:1998.

[0218] The absolute value (ΔYI) of the difference between the yellow index YI of the intermediate film and the yellow index YI of a comparative intermediate film having the same layer composition and thickness as the intermediate film except that it does not contain metal salt is determined. The absolute value of this difference (ΔYI) serves as an indicator of the reactivity of the ultraviolet absorber with the metal salt. The absolute value of this difference (ΔYI) is preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.08 or less, and even more preferably 0.05 or less. If the absolute value of this difference (ΔYI) is below the upper limit, the color tone of the intermediate film is less likely to change due to variations in the amount of metal salt added, and the adhesive strength can be easily adjusted.

[0219] The yellow index YI of the interlayer film is a yellow index calculated from the total transmittance. The yellow index of the interlayer film can be determined as follows: The interlayer film is placed between two pieces of transparent glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm according to JIS R3202:1996 to obtain laminated glass A. The total transmittance of the obtained laminated glass A is measured. According to JIS K7373, the yellow index YI of laminated glass A is calculated from the total transmittance of laminated glass A. The yellow index YI of laminated glass A is defined as the yellow index YI of the interlayer film. It should be noted that the yellow index YI of the comparative interlayer film is also calculated in the same way.

[0220] It should be noted that the total light transmittance of laminated glass A was measured as follows.

[0221] Using a spectrophotometer, the laminated glass A is positioned parallel to the normal to the optical axis and in contact with the integrating sphere in the optical path between the light source and the integrating sphere, so that the transmitted light is received by the integrating sphere. The total transmittance refers to the visible light transmittance calculated from the spectrophotometric transmittance measured in this state. The total transmittance can be measured using a spectrophotometer (e.g., Hitachi High Technologies "U-4150").

[0222] There are no particular limitations on the preparation method of laminated glass A. An example of a preparation method for laminated glass A is shown below. Laminated glass A is prepared to determine the transmittance of the interlayer at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm, the transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm, the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv), and the yellow index (YI).

[0223] A laminate was obtained by sandwiching an interlayer film between two 2.5 mm thick transparent glass sheets according to JIS R3202:1996. The laminate was placed in a rubber bag and degassed under a vacuum of 2.6 kPa for 20 minutes. While still degassed, it was transferred to an oven and vacuum-pressed at 90°C for 30 minutes to pre-press the laminate. In an autoclave, the pre-pressed laminate was pressed for 20 minutes at 135°C and 1.2 MPa to obtain laminated glass A.

[0224] It should be noted that when using the interlayer film of the present invention to obtain laminated glass products, transparent glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm according to JIS R3202:1996 can be used, transparent glass other than transparent glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm according to JIS R3202:1996 can also be used, and laminated glass components other than transparent glass can also be used.

[0225] The intermediate membrane has one end and another end located on the opposite side of the first end. The first end and the other end are ends on opposite sides of each other in the intermediate membrane.

[0226] The intermediate film can be an intermediate film with the same thickness at one end and the same thickness at the other end, or an intermediate film with a greater thickness at the other end than at the first end. The intermediate film can be an intermediate film with uniform thickness or an intermediate film with varying thickness. The cross-sectional shape of the intermediate film can be rectangular or wedge-shaped.

[0227] The maximum thickness of the intermediate film is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.25 mm or more, even more preferably 0.5 mm or more, particularly preferably 0.8 mm or more, preferably 3.8 mm or less, more preferably 2.0 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.5 mm or less.

[0228] From a practical point of view, and from the point of view of fully improving adhesion and penetration resistance, the maximum thickness of the surface layer of the intermediate film is preferably 0.001 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, even more preferably 0.3 mm or more, preferably 1.0 mm or less, and more preferably 0.8 mm or less.

[0229] From a practical point of view and from the point of view of fully improving penetration resistance, the maximum thickness of the layer (intermediate layer) disposed between the two surface layers is preferably 0.001 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, even more preferably 0.2 mm or more, preferably 0.8 mm or less, more preferably 0.6 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.3 mm or less.

[0230] The distance between one end of the intermediate membrane and the other end is preferably less than 3.0m, more preferably less than 2.0m, particularly preferably less than 1.5m, preferably more than 0.5m, more preferably more than 0.8m, and particularly preferably more than 1.0m.

[0231] The intermediate film can also be wound to form an intermediate film roll. The roll can have a core and an intermediate film wound around the outer periphery of the core.

[0232] The method for manufacturing the intermediate film is not particularly limited. As a method for manufacturing the intermediate film, in the case of a single-layer intermediate film, an example is a method of extruding the resin composition using an extruder. As a method for manufacturing the intermediate film, in the case of a multi-layer intermediate film, for example, a method of stacking the layers after forming each layer using each resin composition for forming each layer. Furthermore, as a method for manufacturing the intermediate film, a method of stacking the layers by co-extruding each resin composition for forming each layer using an extruder, etc. Since it is suitable for continuous production, an extrusion molding manufacturing method is preferred.

[0233] From the perspective of excellent manufacturing efficiency of the interlayer film, it is preferable that the second layer and the third layer contain the same polyvinyl acetal resin. From the perspective of excellent manufacturing efficiency of the interlayer film, it is more preferable that the second layer and the third layer contain the same polyvinyl acetal resin and the same plasticizer. From the perspective of excellent manufacturing efficiency of the interlayer film, it is even more preferable that the second layer and the third layer are formed of the same resin composition.

[0234] The intermediate film preferably has an uneven shape on at least one of its two surfaces. More preferably, the intermediate film has an uneven shape on both surfaces. The method for forming the uneven shape is not particularly limited, and examples include lip embossing (melt embossing), embossing roller method, calendering roller method, and profile extrusion method.

[0235] (Laminated glass)

[0236] The laminated glass of the present invention comprises a first laminated glass component, a second laminated glass component, and the interlayer film. In the laminated glass of the present invention, the interlayer film is disposed between the first laminated glass component and the second laminated glass component.

[0237] Figure 3 It is an illustrative representation of the use of Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an example of laminated glass with an interlayer film is shown.

[0238] Figure 3 The laminated glass 31 shown includes a first laminated glass component 21, a second laminated glass component 22, and an interlayer film 11. The interlayer film 11 is disposed and sandwiched between the first laminated glass component 21 and the second laminated glass component 22.

[0239] A first laminated glass component 21 is laminated on the first surface of the interlayer film 11. A second laminated glass component 22 is laminated on the second surface of the interlayer film 11 opposite to the first surface. The first laminated glass component 21 is laminated on the outer surface of the second layer 2. The second laminated glass component 22 is laminated on the outer surface of the third layer 3.

[0240] Figure 4 It is an illustrative representation of the use of Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an example of laminated glass with an interlayer film is shown.

[0241] Figure 4 The laminated glass 31A shown includes a first laminated glass component 21, a second laminated glass component 22, and an interlayer film 11A. The interlayer film 11A is disposed and sandwiched between the first laminated glass component 21 and the second laminated glass component 22.

[0242] A first laminated glass component 21 is laminated on the first surface of the interlayer film 11A. A second laminated glass component 22 is laminated on the second surface of the interlayer film 11A opposite to the first surface.

[0243] The laminated glass can be a head-up display. When the laminated glass is a head-up display, it has a display area for the head-up display. This display area is an area capable of displaying information effectively.

[0244] Using the head-up display described above, a head-up display system can be obtained. The head-up display system includes the laminated glass and a light source device for illuminating the laminated glass with light for image display. The light source device can be installed, for example, in a vehicle's dashboard. By illuminating the display area of ​​the laminated glass with light from the light source device, an image can be displayed.

[0245] The first laminated glass component is preferably a first glass plate. The second laminated glass component is preferably a second glass plate.

[0246] Examples of the first and second laminated glass components include glass sheets and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) films. The laminated glass includes not only laminated glass with an interlayer film sandwiched between two glass sheets, but also laminated glass with an interlayer film sandwiched between a glass sheet and a PET film, etc. The laminated glass is a laminate containing glass sheets, and preferably uses at least one glass sheet. Preferably, the first and second laminated glass components are both glass sheets or PET films, and the laminated glass includes a glass sheet as at least one of the first and second laminated glass components. Both the first and second laminated glass components are particularly preferably glass sheets.

[0247] Examples of glass sheets include inorganic glass and plexiglass. Examples of inorganic glass include float glass, heat-absorbing glass, heat-reflecting glass, frosted glass, profiled glass, wired glass, and green glass. Plexiglass is a synthetic resin glass that replaces inorganic glass. Examples of plexiglass include polycarbonate sheets and poly(meth)acrylic resin sheets. Examples of poly(meth)acrylic resin sheets include polymethyl methacrylate sheets.

[0248] The thickness of both the first and second laminated glass components is preferably 1 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less. Furthermore, when the laminated glass component is a glass sheet, the thickness of the glass sheet is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.7 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less. When the laminated glass component is a PET film, the thickness of the PET film is preferably 0.03 mm or more, and more preferably 0.5 mm or less.

[0249] The manufacturing method of the laminated glass is not particularly limited. First, an interlayer film is sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass components to obtain a laminate. Next, for example, the obtained laminate is subjected to depressurization suction by pressing rollers or by placing it in a rubber bag, thereby degassing the air remaining between the first, second, and interlayer glass components. Then, pre-bonding is performed at approximately 70°C to 110°C to obtain a pre-pressed laminate. Next, the pre-pressed laminate is placed in an autoclave or pressed at approximately 120°C to 150°C and a pressure of 1 MPa to 1.5 MPa. In this way, laminated glass can be obtained.

[0250] The interlayer film and the laminated glass can be used in automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, and buildings. They can also be used for applications other than these. The interlayer film and the laminated glass are preferably interlayer films and laminated glass for vehicles or buildings, more preferably interlayer films and laminated glass for vehicles. The interlayer film and the laminated glass can be used for automobile windshields, side windows, rear windows, roof windows, or backlighting glass. The interlayer film and the laminated glass are suitable for use in automobiles. The interlayer film is suitable for obtaining laminated glass for automobiles.

[0251] The present invention is illustrated in more detail below with examples and comparative examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0252] In the polyvinyl acetal resin used, acetalization is performed using n-butyraldehyde, which has four carbon atoms. Regarding polyvinyl acetal resin, the degree of acetalization (degree of butyraldehyde), degree of acetylation, and hydroxyl content are determined according to JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyraldehyde". It should be noted that when measured using ASTM D1396-92, the same values ​​as those shown according to JIS K6728 "Test Method for Polyvinyl Butyraldehyde" are also displayed.

[0253] Prepare the following materials.

[0254] (Thermoplastic resin)

[0255] Polyvinyl alcohol acetal resin (polyvinyl alcohol butyral resin, average degree of polymerization 1700, hydroxyl content 30 mol%, degree of acetylation 1 mol%, degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization) 69 mol%)

[0256] Polyvinyl alcohol acetal resin (polyvinyl alcohol butyral resin, average degree of polymerization 3000, hydroxyl content 22 mol%, degree of acetylation 13 mol%, degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization) 65 mol%)

[0257] Polyvinyl alcohol acetal resin (polyvinyl alcohol butyral resin, average degree of polymerization 1700, hydroxyl content 30.5 mol%, degree of acetylation 1 mol%, degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization) 68.5 mol%)

[0258] (Plasticizer)

[0259] Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO)

[0260] (UV absorber)

[0261] Ultraviolet absorber (X):

[0262] The ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X11) is "Tinuvin 234" manufactured by BASF.

[0263] The ultraviolet absorber shown in formula (X12) is "Tinuvin 640" manufactured by BASF.

[0264] The ultraviolet absorber shown in formula (X13) is "Eversorb88" manufactured by Everlight Chemical.

[0265] UV absorbers that are not equivalent to UV absorber (X):

[0266] 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole (BASF "Tinuvin 329")

[0267] 2-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole (BASF "TinuvinPS")

[0268] 2,2',4,4'-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone (SHIPRO Chemical Co., Ltd. "SEESORB106", a UV absorber that does not have a benzotriazole skeleton but has a benzophenone skeleton)

[0269] (metal salt)

[0270] A 50:50 (by weight) mixture of 1:2-ethylbutyrate magnesium and magnesium acetate metal salts

[0271] Metal salt 2: Potassium acetate

[0272] (Antioxidants)

[0273] BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol)

[0274] (Example 1)

[0275] Preparation of compositions for forming intermediate films:

[0276] The following ingredients are thoroughly mixed using a mixing roller to obtain a composition for forming an intermediate film.

[0277] Polyvinyl butyral resin (average degree of polymerization 1700, hydroxyl content 30 mol%, degree of acetylation 1 mol%, degree of acetalization (butyralization) 69 mol%): 100 parts by weight

[0278] Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO): 40 parts by weight

[0279] The ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X12) is 0.4 parts by weight.

[0280] The amount of magnesium is 0.038 parts by weight of metal salt 1 (in the obtained intermediate film, the amount of magnesium is 60 ppm of metal salt 1).

[0281] The resulting intermediate membrane contains 0.2% by weight of an antioxidant (BHT).

[0282] Preparation of the intermediate membrane:

[0283] The composition used to form the intermediate film is extruded using an extruder, thereby preparing a single-layer intermediate film (760 μm thick) having only a first layer.

[0284] Preparation of laminated glass:

[0285] The obtained intermediate film is sandwiched between two 2.5mm thick transparent glass sheets (300mm long × 300mm wide) according to JIS R3202:1996 to obtain a laminate. The laminate is placed in a rubber bag and degassed under a vacuum of 2.6kPa for 20 minutes. While degassed, it is transferred to an oven and vacuum-pressed at 90°C for 30 minutes to pre-press the laminate. In an autoclave, the pre-pressed laminate is pressed for 20 minutes at 135°C and 1.2MPa to obtain laminated glass. The obtained laminated glass corresponds to laminated glass A.

[0286] (Examples 2-6 and Comparative Examples 1-9)

[0287] As shown in Tables 2-4, the types and contents of the ultraviolet absorbers and the types and contents of the metal salts were changed. Otherwise, a single-layer intermediate film (760 μm thick) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. It should be noted that the antioxidants were used in the same type and amount as in Example 1.

[0288] (Example 7)

[0289] Preparation of a resin composition for forming the first layer:

[0290] The following ingredients are thoroughly mixed using a mixing roller to obtain a resin composition for forming the first layer.

[0291] Polyvinyl butyral resin (average degree of polymerization 3000, hydroxyl content 22 mol%, degree of acetylation 13 mol%, degree of acetalization 65 mol%): 100 parts by weight

[0292] Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO): 40 parts by weight

[0293] The ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X12) is 0.4 parts by weight.

[0294] The amount of magnesium is 0.038 parts by weight of metal salt 1 (in the first layer obtained, the amount of magnesium is 60 ppm of metal salt 1).

[0295] The antioxidant (BHT) is present in the first layer at a concentration of 0.2% by weight.

[0296] Preparation of resin compositions for forming the second and third layers:

[0297] The following components are thoroughly mixed using a mixing roller to obtain a resin composition for forming the second and third layers.

[0298] Polyvinyl butyral resin (average degree of polymerization 1700, hydroxyl content 30.5 mol%, degree of acetylation 1 mol%, degree of acetalization 68.5 mol%): 100 parts by weight

[0299] Triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO): 40 parts by weight

[0300] The ultraviolet absorber represented by formula (X12) is 0.4 parts by weight.

[0301] The amount of magnesium is 0.038 parts by weight of metal salt 1 (in the second and third layers obtained, the amount of magnesium is 60 ppm of metal salt 1).

[0302] The antioxidant (BHT) is added in 0.2% by weight to the second and third layers.

[0303] Preparation of the intermediate membrane:

[0304] The resin composition used to form the first layer and the resin composition used to form the second and third layers are co-extruded using a co-extruder, thereby obtaining an intermediate film (760 μm thick) with a 3-layer structure (second layer / first layer / third layer).

[0305] Preparation of laminated glass:

[0306] Except for using the obtained intermediate film, laminated glass is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The resulting laminated glass is equivalent to laminated glass A.

[0307] (Examples 8 and 9)

[0308] As shown in Table 5, the type and content of the ultraviolet absorber, as well as the type and content of the metal salt, were changed. Otherwise, an intermediate film with a three-layer structure (second layer / first layer / third layer) (thickness 760 μm) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7. It should be noted that the antioxidant was used in the same type and amount as in Example 7.

[0309] (evaluate)

[0310] (1) The maximum transmittance of the intermediate film at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm.

[0311] Using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High Technology Co., Ltd. "U-4150"), the transmittance of the laminated glass (laminated glass A) at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm was measured by the method described above, and the maximum transmittance of the interlayer at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm was determined.

[0312] (2) Transmittance of the intermediate film at a wavelength of 400 nm

[0313] Using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High Technology Co., Ltd. "U-4150"), the transmittance of the laminated glass (laminated glass A) at a wavelength of 400 nm was measured by the method described above, and the transmittance of the interlayer at a wavelength of 400 nm was thus determined.

[0314] (3) Ultraviolet transmittance of the intermediate membrane (Tuv)

[0315] Using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High Technology Co., Ltd. "U-4150"), the transmittance of the laminated glass (laminated glass A) at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 400 nm was measured by the method described above, and the ultraviolet transmittance Tuv of the interlayer was thus determined.

[0316] [Criteria for determining the ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the intermediate film]

[0317] ○: The ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the intermediate membrane is below 0.5%.

[0318] ×: The ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the intermediate membrane exceeds 0.5%.

[0319] (4) Yellow index YI of the intermediate membrane

[0320] Using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High Technology Co., Ltd. "U-4150"), the total transmittance of the obtained laminated glass (laminated glass A) was measured by the method described above, and the yellow index YI of the interlayer was determined from this.

[0321] (5) Reactivity of ultraviolet absorber with metal salt (absolute value of ΔYI)

[0322] Between intermediate films containing the same type of UV absorber, the change (ΔYI) in the yellow index YI of the intermediate film due to the presence or absence of a metal salt is calculated. That is, ΔYI is the value obtained by subtracting the yellow index YI of the benchmark intermediate film (intermediate film without metal salt) from the yellow index YI of the intermediate film being evaluated. More specifically, ΔYI is calculated using the following formula. The combination of the intermediate film being evaluated and the benchmark intermediate film is described below. It should be noted that the closer the absolute value of ΔYI is to 0, the lower the reactivity of the UV absorber with the metal salt is suppressed, and the less likely the intermediate film is to yellow.

[0323] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate membrane of the evaluated object) - (YI of the intermediate membrane used as the reference)

[0324] More specifically, as described below.

[0325] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Examples 1-4) - (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Comparative Example 1)

[0326] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Example 5) - (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Comparative Example 2)

[0327] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Example 6) - (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Comparative Example 3)

[0328] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Example 7) - (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Comparative Example 1)

[0329] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Example 8) - (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Comparative Example 2)

[0330] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Example 9) - (YI of the intermediate film obtained in Comparative Example 3)

[0331] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate membrane obtained in Comparative Example 4) - (YI of the intermediate membrane obtained in Comparative Example 5)

[0332] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate membrane obtained in Comparative Example 6) - (YI of the intermediate membrane obtained in Comparative Example 7)

[0333] ΔYI = (YI of the intermediate membrane obtained in Comparative Example 8) - (YI of the intermediate membrane obtained in Comparative Example 9)

[0334] [Criteria for determining the reactivity (absolute value of ΔYI) of ultraviolet absorbers with metal salts]

[0335] ○: The absolute value of ΔYI is less than 0.1

[0336] ×: The absolute value of ΔYI exceeds 0.1

[0337] (6) Adhesion between the interlayer film and the laminated glass component (determination of Pummel value)

[0338] The obtained laminated glass was left to stand for 16 hours at a temperature of -18℃±0.6℃. The central portion (150mm long x 150mm wide) of the glass was then struck with a hammer with a head of 0.45kg, pulverizing it until the glass particle size was below 6mm. The exposure of the film after partial glass peeling was measured, and the Pummel value was calculated according to Table 1 below. It should be noted that the Pummel value refers to the degree of adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass plate, and is a value defined by the exposure of the film (area %) after partial glass peeling, as defined in Table 1. A Pummel value of 2 to 7 was rated as "○", and all other values ​​were rated as "×".

[0339] [Table 1]

[0340] 90 < Exposure ≤ 100 0 85 < Exposure ≤ 90 1 60 < Exposure ≤ 85 2 40 < Exposure ≤ 60 3 20 < Exposure ≤ 40 4 10 < Exposure ≤ 20 5 5 < Exposure ≤ 10 6 2 < Exposure ≤ 5 7 Exposure ≤ 2 8

[0341] The composition and results of the intermediate membrane are shown in Tables 2 to 5 below.

[0342] [Table 2]

[0343]

[0344] [Table 3]

[0345]

[0346] [Table 4]

[0347]

[0348] [Table 5]

[0349]

[0350] Symbol Explanation

[0351] 1…First layer

[0352] 1a…First Surface

[0353] 1b…Second Surface

[0354] 2…Second layer

[0355] 3…Third layer

[0356] 11, 11A…intermediate membrane

[0357] 21…First laminated glass component

[0358] 22…Second laminated glass component

[0359] 31, 31A... laminated glass

Claims

1. An interlayer for laminated glass, having a structure of three or more layers, wherein, The intermediate film comprises a first layer, a second layer disposed on a first surface side of the first layer, and a third layer disposed on a second surface side of the first layer opposite to the first surface. The second layer is the surface layer of the intermediate film. The third layer is the surface layer of the intermediate film. The first layer comprises a thermoplastic resin. The second layer comprises a thermoplastic resin, an ultraviolet absorber as shown in formula (X12) or formula (X13) below, and a metal salt. The third layer comprises a thermoplastic resin, an ultraviolet absorber as shown in formula (X12) or formula (X13) below, and a metal salt. The thermoplastic resin in the first layer is different from the thermoplastic resin in the second layer. The thermoplastic resin in the first layer is different from the thermoplastic resin in the third layer. ， 。 2. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, The second layer contains the ultraviolet absorber shown in formula (X12). The third layer contains the ultraviolet absorber shown in formula (X12).

3. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The metal salt in the second layer comprises alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts. The metal salt in the third layer comprises alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts.

4. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The metal salt in the second layer comprises a magnesium salt of an organic acid with a branched structure. The metal salt in the third layer comprises a magnesium salt of an organic acid with a branched structure.

5. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The metal salt in the second layer comprises metal salts of organic acids having 2 or more but less than 8 carbon atoms, excluding magnesium salts of branched organic acids. The metal salt in the third layer comprises metal salts of organic acids having 2 or more but less than 8 carbon atoms, other than magnesium salts of organic acids with branched structures.

6. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the second layer, the weight ratio of the metal content in the metal salt to the ultraviolet absorber content is 4 or more and 50 or less. In the third layer, the weight ratio of the metal content in the metal salt to the content of the ultraviolet absorber is 4 or more and 50 or less.

7. The interlayer for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The maximum transmittance of the intermediate film at wavelengths above 300 nm and below 350 nm is less than 0.1%.

8. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of the intermediate membrane is below 0.5%.

9. The interlayer for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The intermediate film has a transmittance of over 1.5% at a wavelength of 400 nm.

10. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The absolute value of the difference between the yellow index YI of the intermediate film and the yellow index YI of the comparative intermediate film is less than 0.1, and the comparative intermediate film has the same layer composition and thickness as the intermediate film except that it does not contain metal salts.

11. A laminated glass comprising: First laminated glass component, The second laminated glass component, and Interlayer for laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, An interlayer film for the laminated glass is disposed between the first laminated glass component and the second laminated glass component.

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