Fast charging remaining time estimation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of power management, and discloses a fast charging remaining time estimation method, device, equipment and storage medium. The present application obtains the initial battery pack temperature, determines the temperature calculation strategy, calculates the charging capacity and the estimated time of the stage, combines the real-time battery pack remaining capacity, determines the total charging capacity of the fast charging timing stage, calculates the estimated time of each unit charging capacity according to the temperature charging rate corresponding graph and the preset unit charging capacity, and accumulates, determines the end stage estimated time according to the charging pile parameters; the estimated times of multiple stages are summarized to determine the total estimated time, and the total estimated time is displayed on the instrument, and the actual displayed total estimated time adjusts the time drop rate according to the numerical value calculated by the program in real time. The present application comprehensively considers the influence of temperature change, charging capacity and charging rate on charging time in the charging process, dynamically adjusts the displayed estimated time, and provides accurate charging remaining time estimation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power management technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for estimating the remaining charging time for fast charging. Background Technology

[0002] Accurately estimating the remaining charging time is a crucial metric for users during the charging process of battery-powered devices such as electric vehicles. However, existing methods for calculating remaining charging time have some issues, impacting the user experience.

[0003] Current methods for calculating remaining charging time typically rely on simple mathematical models. However, these models fail to account for the impact of various real-time charging conditions and temperature variations on charging speed. For instance, temperature is a crucial factor that affects the battery's charging rate and efficiency. Different temperatures result in different charging rates and varying rates of heat generation, making the effect of temperature on charging speed a non-linear and interconnected parameter. This leads to significant errors in the calculated remaining charging time.

[0004] Such errors in remaining charging time can cause confusion and inconvenience for users. Users may plan their trips or other activities based on the remaining time, and if the estimated remaining time differs significantly from the actual charging time, users may misunderstand or experience plan delays, reducing their charging experience and satisfaction. To improve the user experience, existing methods for calculating remaining charging time need to be improved, taking into account various real-time charging conditions and temperature variations, thereby increasing the accuracy of remaining charging time and enhancing the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method for estimating the remaining charging time for fast charging, which aims to solve the problem that existing methods for calculating the remaining charging time do not consider various real-time charging conditions and that temperature changes result in large errors in the real-time remaining time, leading to a decrease in user experience.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for estimating the remaining charging time for fast charging, the method comprising: Obtain the initial battery pack temperature and determine the temperature rise calculation strategy; Based on the heating calculation strategy, the charging amount and estimated time of the heating timing stage are obtained; The total charging amount during the fast charging timing phase is determined based on the charging amount during the heating-up timing phase and the real-time remaining battery pack charge. Based on the temperature-charging-rate correspondence diagram and the preset unit charging amount of the fast charging timing stage, the estimated time of the fast charging timing stage is obtained. Determine the estimated time for the final stage based on the charging pile parameters; Based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, the total estimated time is determined and displayed on the instrument.

[0007] Optionally, obtaining the initial battery pack temperature and determining the temperature rise calculation strategy includes: When the initial battery pack temperature is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage is determined. When the initial battery pack temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold and less than a second temperature threshold, the temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage is determined, wherein the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold. When the initial battery pack temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the temperature rise calculation strategy for the fast charging timing stage is determined.

[0008] Optionally, obtaining the charging amount and estimated time during the heating timing stage based on the heating calculation strategy includes: Based on the aforementioned heating calculation strategy, the active heating rate and passive heating rate of the battery pack are determined; Calculate the difference between the initial battery pack temperature and the second temperature threshold, and determine the heating time based on the active heating rate and the passive heating rate; The heating time is used as the estimated time for the heating timing stage; Based on the temperature-charging-rate correspondence diagram, the real-time charging rate of each temperature range from the initial battery pack temperature to the second temperature threshold is determined, and the estimated charging amount of each temperature range is determined based on the charging rate. The estimated charge amount for each temperature range is summed to obtain the charge amount during the heating-up timing stage.

[0009] Optionally, obtaining the estimated time for the fast charging timing phase based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence graph and the total charging amount during the fast charging timing phase includes: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate are determined. Based on the calculated charging rate, calculate the charging time per unit of charge, and update the estimated charging time and estimated charge. Based on the charging time and the heating rate, the amount of temperature rise generated within the preset unit charging amount is calculated, and the estimated temperature value is updated based on the real-time battery pack temperature value and the amount of temperature rise. The charging rate is updated based on the estimated temperature value; Repeat the above steps, and accumulate the charging amount in the fast charging timer phase according to the preset unit charging amount until the preset charging amount reaches the total power of the fast charging timer phase. Then, use the estimated charging time after the last update as the estimated time of the fast charging timer phase.

[0010] Optionally, determining the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence map includes: Obtain the real-time charging rate of the charging pile and record the highest and lowest charging rates generated. Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence chart, the lookup table charging rate is obtained according to the estimated temperature value and the estimated charging amount. Compare the highest charging rate, the lookup table charging rate, and the real-time charging rate to obtain the minimum value among the three, which is used as the preset calculated charging rate. Compare the preset calculated charging rate with the minimum charging rate, and obtain the larger value between the two as the calculated charging rate; Based on the calculated charging rate, the heating rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate is obtained.

[0011] Optionally, determining the total estimated time based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, and displaying the total estimated time on the instrument, includes: Based on the total estimated time calculated in real time and the real-time charging parameters, adjust the estimated time displayed on the instrument. When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack has not reached the end-stage threshold, the estimated time on the instrument is decreased at the rate of decrease based on the estimated time displayed on the instrument and the total estimated time calculated in real time. The estimated time on the instrument decreases according to the rate of decrease. When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack reaches the end-stage threshold or the charging voltage reaches the charging voltage threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is determined according to the end-stage time correction table.

[0012] Optionally, when the difference between the total estimated time calculated in real time and the estimated time displayed on the instrument exceeds a correction threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is directly corrected to the total estimated time calculated in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes a fast charging remaining time estimation device, the fast charging remaining time estimation device comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the initial battery pack temperature and determine the temperature rise calculation strategy during the temperature rise timing stage. The estimated time calculation module is used to obtain the charging amount and estimated time of the heating timing stage based on the heating calculation strategy. The estimated time calculation module is also used to determine the total charging amount during the fast charging time stage based on the charging amount during the heating time stage and the real-time remaining battery pack charge. The estimated time calculation module is also used to obtain the estimated time of the fast charging time stage based on the temperature charging rate correspondence diagram and the preset unit charging amount of the fast charging time stage. The estimated time calculation module is also used to determine the estimated time of the final stage based on the charging pile parameters. The time display module is used to determine the total estimated time based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, and to display the total estimated time on the instrument.

[0014] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes a fast charging remaining time estimation device, which includes: a memory, a processor, and a fast charging remaining time estimation program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The fast charging remaining time estimation program is configured to implement the steps of the fast charging remaining time estimation method.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also proposes a storage medium storing a fast charging remaining time estimation program, wherein the fast charging remaining time estimation program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the fast charging remaining time estimation method.

[0016] This invention obtains the initial battery pack temperature, determines the temperature rise calculation strategy, calculates the charging amount and estimated time for that stage, and combines this with the real-time remaining battery pack capacity to determine the total charging amount for the fast charging timing stage. Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram and a preset unit charging amount, the estimated time for each unit charging amount is calculated and accumulated. According to the charging pile parameters, the estimated time for the final stage is determined. The estimated times for all stages are summarized to determine the total estimated time, which is then displayed on the instrument. The actual displayed total estimated time is adjusted according to the real-time calculated total estimated time at a rate that decreases accordingly. This invention provides an accurate estimate of the remaining charging time by comprehensively considering the impact of temperature changes, charging amount, and charging rate on charging time during the charging process and dynamically adjusting the displayed estimated time. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fast charging remaining time estimation device in the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention; Figure 5 A temperature-charging-rate correspondence diagram for the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the fifth embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation device of the present invention.

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure for estimating the remaining charging time in the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the fast charging remaining time estimation device may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to enable communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen or an input unit such as a keyboard; optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM) or a stable non-volatile memory (NVM), such as a disk drive. The memory 1005 may also optionally be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the device for estimating the remaining charging time for fast charging and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the memory 1005, which serves as a storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a fast charging remaining time estimation program.

[0024] exist Figure 1 In the fast charging remaining time estimation device shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with the network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with the user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the fast charging remaining time estimation device of the present invention can be set in the fast charging remaining time estimation device. The fast charging remaining time estimation device calls the fast charging remaining time estimation program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and executes the fast charging remaining time estimation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides a method for estimating the remaining charging time for fast charging, referring to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention.

[0026] Step S10: Obtain the initial battery pack temperature and determine the temperature rise calculation strategy.

[0027] It should be noted that when the battery pack is powered on and starts charging, the initial temperature of the battery pack needs to be determined first, and the temperature rise calculation strategy during charging and the time calculation method under this temperature rise calculation strategy need to be determined based on the temperature of the battery pack.

[0028] Understandably, temperature affects various charging parameters of a battery pack in many ways. Taking a conventional lithium battery as an example, when the temperature is below 21 degrees Celsius, the charging rate is significantly lower than when charging above 21 degrees Celsius. Due to the lower charging power, the self-heating rate is also low, making it impossible for the entire battery pack to maintain a good charging state. Furthermore, when the battery pack temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius, the charging rate will be far lower than normal, and the self-heating rate will be unable to effectively increase the overall temperature of the battery pack for a considerable period. Therefore, this embodiment includes a temperature judgment program and two temperature thresholds. For example, when the temperature is below the first temperature threshold, the battery pack will activate an active heating program, increasing the temperature at a high rate to quickly enter the fast charging phase. When the temperature is above the first temperature threshold but below the second temperature threshold, the rate of increase from the active heating program will be lower than in the previous stage, until the temperature is completely above the second temperature threshold, at which point active heating stops, and the passive heat generated during the fast charging phase alone can maintain a high charging rate.

[0029] Furthermore, when the initial temperature is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the active heating rate of the fast charging timing phase is determined.

[0030] Understandably, when the temperature is below the first temperature threshold, the charging rate is at a low level because the battery pack temperature is too low. The passive heating rate caused by self-generated heat is almost negligible, and the temperature is calculated directly according to the heating rate set by the active heating program.

[0031] Furthermore, when the initial temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold and less than a second temperature threshold, the active heating rate of the fast charging timing stage is determined, wherein the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold.

[0032] It is understandable that when the initial temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, the charging rate is at a level lower than normal, but the passive heating rate generated by the self-generated heat is ignored in the calculation, which will lead to a large error. Therefore, in this temperature range, the passive heat generation rate needs to be calculated separately.

[0033] Furthermore, when the initial temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the passive heating rate of the fast charging timing phase is determined.

[0034] It is understandable that when the temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold, it is equivalent to directly entering the fast charging timing stage. At this time, there is no need to rely on additional heating to maintain the battery pack charging within the fast charging range. The temperature calculation at this time only considers the passive heating rate caused by self-generated heat.

[0035] It is understandable that the temperature judgment here is based on the initial temperature. However, since the display settings will show the remaining charging time in real time before charging is complete, there will be a difference between the actual displayed estimated time and the estimated time calculated by the program in real time. In order to reduce the difference, the speed of change of the displayed estimated time is adjustable. When there is a difference between the displayed estimated time and the real-time calculated estimated time, the display will appropriately slow down or speed up the change of the estimated time in order to display more accurately.

[0036] Step S20: Based on the heating calculation strategy, obtain the charging amount and estimated time during the heating timing stage.

[0037] It should be noted that once the heating calculation strategy is determined, the total heating time can be obtained based on the temperature change during active heating and the heating rate.

[0038] Understandably, although the charging rate is related to both temperature and the amount of charge already in the battery pack, the charging rate during the heating phase is relatively small and its variation is not significant. In actual calculations, it is calculated based on a fixed temperature range. For example, in the range from 0℃ to 5℃, the change in charging rate is ignored. The amount of charge in this range is calculated based on the average charging rate or a value that represents this range, as well as the time required to rise 5℃. The calculation method is similar for the range from 5℃ to 10℃. The amount of charge in this range is calculated based on the average charging rate of this range, combined with the heating time. The amount of charge, temperature, and estimated time are accumulated each time until the temperature rises to the second temperature threshold. Then, the charging time for the next stage is calculated according to the calculation method for the fast charging stage.

[0039] Table 1

[0040] Step S30: Determine the total charging amount for the fast charging timing stage based on the charging amount during the heating-up timing stage and the real-time remaining battery pack charge.

[0041] It should be noted that, according to the actual calculation strategy, the entire charging process is divided into a temperature rise timing stage, a fast charging timing stage, and a final timing stage. The temperature rise timing stage determines when the timing ends based on the temperature. The final timing stage is only related to the preset final charge level and the charging voltage. The total charge amount in the fast charging timing stage is deduced by back-calculating the charge amounts in the preceding and following stages. Therefore, the specific process is to first determine the charge amount charged to the second threshold temperature in the temperature rise timing stage, the preset threshold charge level in the final timing stage, and the initial charge level of the battery pack. Subtracting these three values ​​from the total charge level will give the total charge amount in the fast charging timing stage.

[0042] Step S40: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram and the preset unit charging amount of the fast charging timing stage, obtain the estimated time of the fast charging timing stage.

[0043] It should be noted that since the battery pack temperature can reach a high charging rate during the fast charging phase, the calculation method used for the temperature rise phase will result in a large error. To reduce this error, the basic idea is to use a unit charge amount to calculate the temperature change and charging time within that charge amount. For example, when the unit charge amount is set to 1%, the calculation here is based on each 1% increase in the overall battery pack capacity, calculating the charging time and temperature change within each 1% increase.

[0044] Understandably, when the charging rate needs to be re-determined after changes in charging rate and temperature throughout the entire embodiment, the temperature-charging rate correspondence chart can be consulted. This chart is derived from extensive experiments conducted on specific battery models, obtaining the charging rate for various conditions under different temperature ranges and charged quantities. The temperature ranges cover the limits suitable for battery use. Once the battery pack's temperature and charged quantity are determined, the charging rate can be determined by referring to the table. For example, if the charged quantity is 25% and the temperature is 26 degrees Celsius, the charging rate is 1.5C. Under these conditions, the time required to fully charge 1% is 0.4 minutes. Then, according to the self-heating temperature compensation table (Table 2), the temperature rise rate at a charging rate of 1.5C is determined to be 1°C / min. Therefore, the temperature rise is 0.4℃. When the next 1% is fully charged, the calculated data is accumulated. The charged capacity is 26%, and the temperature is 26.4℃. At this time, the charging rate is 1.5c according to the table. The calculation is repeated according to this process to obtain the total estimated time required for the total charging capacity of the fast charging stage. Each estimated time is accumulated to obtain the total estimated time of the fast charging stage.

[0045] Table 2

[0046] It should be noted that the charging rate can be calculated using the following formula: the charging rate is equal to the ratio of the charging current to the battery capacity. The charging rate is usually represented by the lowercase letter "c", the unit of the charging current is ampere (A), and the unit of the battery capacity is ampere-hour (Ah) or milliampere-hour (mAh). The charging rate is a relative value used to represent the proportional relationship between the charging current and the battery capacity.

[0047] Step S50: Determine the estimated time for the final stage based on the charging pile parameters.

[0048] Understandably, the estimated time for the final stage is determined directly by looking up a table. When charging enters the final timing stage, the charging time corresponding to the final timing stage is determined based on the charging current of the charging pile and the maximum charging rate generated, and is directly used as the charging time for the final timing stage.

[0049] Understandably, the charging pile parameters that determine the final timing stage also include the charging voltage at the end. Since the charging voltage of the charging pile can be read during real-time charging, and the charging voltage will trigger the charging cut-off program when it reaches the charging voltage threshold, that is, the charging will stop and the device will display that it is fully charged. In other words, when the battery pack has not reached the final timing stage, the time of the final stage can be obtained by the final charging time compensation table. When the real-time power of the battery pack has entered the final timing stage, it is necessary to further correct the obtained final charging time by using the real-time charging voltage and the threshold voltage.

[0050] Step S60: Determine the total estimated time based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, and display the total estimated time on the instrument.

[0051] Understandably, once the estimated times for the three stages are determined, the total estimated time can be obtained by summing the estimated times. On the other hand, since the estimated time starts from the calculation based on the current battery pack charge and temperature, and then the real-time estimated time corresponding to each parameter at the current moment is finally obtained, a certain amount of calculation time will be generated in between. If the calculated real-time estimated time is directly replaced with the time displayed on the instrument, it will cause the display result to jump. This jump will affect the user experience. The time drop rate is changed to avoid the jump in the display result.

[0052] In this embodiment, by acquiring the initial battery pack temperature, a temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage is determined, and the charging amount and estimated time for this stage are calculated. Combined with the real-time remaining battery pack charge, the total charging amount for the fast charging timing stage is determined. Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram and a preset unit charging amount, the estimated time for each unit charging amount is calculated and accumulated. According to the charging pile parameters, the estimated time for the final stage is determined. The estimated times for multiple stages are summarized to determine the total estimated time, which is then displayed on the instrument. The actual displayed total estimated time is adjusted according to the real-time calculated total estimated time at a rate that decreases accordingly. This solution comprehensively considers the impact of temperature changes, charging amount, and charging rate on charging time during the charging process, dividing the entire charging stage into three stages. The estimated time for each stage is calculated based on the temperature rise situation, and the final displayed estimated time is dynamically adjusted, achieving accurate estimation of remaining charging time.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention.

[0054] Based on the first embodiment described above, step S20 in the fast charging remaining time estimation method of this embodiment includes: Step S201: Determine the active heating rate and passive heating rate of the battery pack according to the heating calculation strategy.

[0055] It is understandable that the battery pack temperature rises for two reasons. One is that when the battery pack temperature is too low, below the second temperature threshold, relying solely on the self-generated heat from charging is too slow to raise the battery temperature. In this case, active heating of the battery pack is required to quickly restore it to the temperature range needed for fast charging. On the other hand, when the battery pack temperature is above the second temperature threshold, active heating will stop. At this time, the passive heating generated by charging alone can maintain the charging rate of the battery pack at a high level. Furthermore, in both of these cases, active heating will have a corresponding active heating rate, while the passive heating rate will be determined based on the charging rate and the amount of charge in the battery pack.

[0056] Step S202: Calculate the difference between the initial battery pack temperature and the second temperature threshold, and determine the heating time based on the active heating rate and the passive heating rate.

[0057] Understandably, when the initial battery pack temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, the active heating rate can be determined based on the relationship between the initial battery pack temperature and the first temperature threshold. When the initial battery pack temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, the passive heating rate due to self-generated heat can be ignored, and only the active heating rate is considered in the calculation. When the temperature is less than the second temperature threshold but greater than the first temperature threshold, the active heating rate can be adjusted according to the actual situation. At this stage, the passive heating rate due to self-generated heat begins to increase and cannot be ignored. In other words, the calculation of the temperature rise and charging time at this stage needs to consider two heating rates.

[0058] Step S203: Use the heating time as the estimated time for the heating timing stage.

[0059] It should be noted that, in order to reduce errors in the specific calculations, the temperatures below the second temperature threshold are decomposed into intervals of a certain size. Then, the charging rate for each interval is calculated separately, along with the time it takes for the battery pack temperature to move from one end of the interval to the other at that charging rate. The times for each interval are then summed to obtain the total estimated time. For example, when the initial battery pack temperature is -2℃, assuming the first threshold temperature is 0℃ and the second threshold temperature is 20℃, and the temperature is divided into 5℃ intervals, the range from the initial battery pack temperature to the second threshold temperature will be divided into five intervals. In the interval from -2℃ to 0℃, only the active heating rate is considered. The heating time for this interval can be obtained by using the difference between the intervals and the heating rate. When entering the interval from 0℃ to 5℃, the heating time in this interval is calculated based on the active and passive heating rates. The subsequent steps are similar to the above steps, calculating the heating time for all intervals and summing them to obtain the estimated time for the heating timing stage.

[0060] Step S204: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, determine the real-time charging rate of each temperature range from the initial battery pack temperature to the first temperature threshold, and based on the charging rate, determine the estimated charging amount for each temperature range.

[0061] Understandably, continuing with the example from the previous step, since the charging amount during the temperature rise timing stage is relatively small, the overall charging rate deviation is small. We can directly look up the average charging rate or other representative charging rate for each temperature range under the current battery pack capacity in the temperature charging rate correspondence graph. Combined with the charging time of each range, we can calculate the charging amount for that range, and finally obtain the estimated charging amount for each temperature range.

[0062] Step S205: The estimated charging amounts for each temperature range are summed to obtain the charging amount during the heating and timing stage.

[0063] It should be noted that when calculating the estimated charge amount for each temperature range, the actual charge amount of the previous range is referenced to adjust the calculation of the charge rate for the current range, in order to reduce errors. Then, the estimated charge amounts of each temperature range are summed to obtain the total charge amount during the heating and timing phase.

[0064] In this embodiment, the heating process is divided into certain intervals during the heating-up timing stage. The estimated time and charged capacity for each interval are calculated based on the average charging rate of each temperature interval and the corresponding heating rate. The data are then aggregated to obtain the total duration and total charged capacity of the heating-up timing stage. These steps take into account the characteristics of the actual heating-up timing stage within the entire charging process. By calculating the estimated time for this stage by dividing it into temperature intervals, the accuracy of the estimated time is improved.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention.

[0066] Based on the first embodiment described above, step S40 in the fast charging remaining time estimation method of this embodiment includes: Step S401: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, determine the calculated charging rate and the heating rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate.

[0067] Understandably, after the heating-up timing phase ends, the temperature change caused by self-generated heat will significantly affect the charging rate. In actual calculations, to reduce errors, unlike the heating-up timing phase which calculates duration based on temperature ranges, the fast-charging timing phase is calculated based on a preset unit charge amount. This helps reduce errors in subsequent results. On the other hand, the charging rate during this phase is updated by looking up a table based on the temperature rise generated within the preset unit charge amount, and the heating rate determined by the charging rate and temperature is updated synchronously.

[0068] Step S402: Calculate the charging time per unit charge based on the calculated charging rate, and update the estimated charging time and estimated charge.

[0069] Understandably, once the battery pack's charge level and temperature at a given moment are determined, the charging rate can be established, and the charging time incurred during the process of increasing the battery pack's charge level by a preset unit can be calculated. This allows for updating the estimated charging time and estimated charge amount for the entire fast charging timing phase. For example, refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 5The temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram in this embodiment shows that when the battery pack has 51% charge, the temperature of the battery pack at this charge level is 35°C. Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, the charging rate can be determined to be 1.5c, and the unit charging amount is set to 1%. A simple calculation shows that the time required to fully charge a unit of charge is 0.4 minutes.

[0070] Step S403: Calculate the amount of temperature rise generated within the preset unit charge based on the charging time and the heating rate, and update the estimated temperature value based on the real-time battery pack temperature value and the amount of temperature rise.

[0071] Understandably, based on the example in the previous step, the battery pack's charge level will rise to 52%. The heating rate is determined to be 1℃ / min based on the charging rate. Considering the time required to fully charge a unit of charge, the temperature rise can be calculated as 0.4℃. Then, the preconditions for calculating the next 1% are updated, specifically including the battery pack's charge level being 52%, the battery pack's temperature at this charge level being 35.4℃, and the charging rate obtained from a table under these conditions being 1.5C. Based on these preconditions, the next 1% calculation is performed.

[0072] Step S404: Update the charging rate based on the estimated temperature value.

[0073] It should be understood that the charging rate has an upper limit, which is limited by the charging pile or other hardware equipment. Therefore, in actual calculations, the charging rate needs to be adjusted based on the actual situation in addition to referring to the table.

[0074] Step S405: Repeat the above steps, the charging amount in the fast charging timer stage is accumulated according to the preset unit charging amount until the preset charging amount reaches the total power of the fast charging timer stage, and the estimated charging time after the last update is used as the estimated time of the fast charging timer stage.

[0075] It should be noted that the total charge during the fast charging timer phase is continuously accumulated according to preset unit charge amounts until it reaches the total charge amount for the fast charging phase. The estimated time for the fast charging timer phase is also the charging time within each preset unit charge amount. Finally, the accumulated result is used as the estimated time for the fast charging timer phase.

[0076] In this embodiment, a temperature-charging rate correspondence graph is used to determine the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate. Based on the calculated charging rate, the charging time per unit charge is calculated, and the estimated charging time and estimated charge amount are updated. Based on the charging time and the temperature rise rate, the temperature rise within the preset unit charge is calculated, and the estimated temperature value is updated based on the real-time battery pack temperature and the temperature rise. The charging rate is updated based on the estimated temperature value. These steps are repeated, with the charge amount during the fast charging timing phase accumulated according to the preset unit charge amount until the preset charge amount reaches the total charge for the fast charging timing phase. The last updated estimated charging time is then used as the estimated time for the fast charging timing phase. This achieves a highly accurate process for estimating the charging time during the fast charging phase, which improves the accuracy of the final total estimated time and further enhances the user experience.

[0077] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention.

[0078] Based on the third embodiment described above, step S401 in the fast charging remaining time estimation method of this embodiment includes: Step S40101: Obtain the real-time charging rate of the charging pile and record the highest and lowest charging rates generated.

[0079] It should be noted that at the start of charging, the charging management program records the highest and lowest charging rates generated during the charging process.

[0080] Step S40102: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence chart, obtain the lookup table charging rate according to the estimated temperature value and the estimated charging amount.

[0081] It should be understood that the charging rate obtained from the table is based on the theoretical charging rate. Considering the actual situation, such as the charging current and charging voltage of the charging pile, multiple factors need to be considered to obtain the final charging rate.

[0082] Step S40103: Compare the highest charging rate, the lookup table charging rate, and the real-time charging rate to obtain the minimum value among the three, which is used as the preset calculated charging rate.

[0083] It's understandable that the real-time charging rate is equal to the ratio of the real-time charging current to the battery capacity. By comparing these three values, the minimum value is used as the preset calculated charging rate, ensuring that the obtained charging rate is within a reasonable upper limit.

[0084] Step S40104: Compare the preset calculated charging rate with the minimum charging rate, and obtain the larger value between the two as the calculated charging rate.

[0085] Understandably, setting a preset charging rate and a minimum charging rate can limit the resulting charging rate to a reasonable lower limit.

[0086] Step S40105: Based on the calculated charging rate, obtain the heating rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate.

[0087] Understandably, the two comparisons result in a higher reliability of the calculated charging rate, preventing calculations based solely on theory. The heating rate obtained by looking up the table under this charging rate meets the overall calculation requirements.

[0088] In this embodiment, based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence chart, a lookup table charging rate is obtained according to the estimated temperature value and the estimated charging amount. The maximum charging rate, the lookup table charging rate, and the real-time charging rate are compared to obtain the minimum value among the three, which is used as the preset calculated charging rate. The preset calculated charging rate is compared with the minimum charging rate to obtain the larger value between the two, which is used as the calculated charging rate. The temperature rise rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate is obtained according to the calculated charging rate. The charging rate obtained through the above steps is more scientific when calculating the corresponding preset unit of electricity, which improves the accuracy of the charging time obtained in the fast charging timing stage.

[0089] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the fifth embodiment of the fast charging remaining time estimation method of the present invention.

[0090] Based on the first embodiment described above, step S60 in the fast charging remaining time estimation method of this embodiment includes: Step S601: Adjust the estimated time displayed on the instrument based on the total estimated time calculated in real time and the real-time charging parameters.

[0091] It is understandable that there is a certain error between the estimated time displayed in real time and the time calculated in real time by the background program. Therefore, in order to make the transition from the calculated value to the displayed value smooth, the program will also calculate the difference between the two in real time and adjust the time descent rate according to the proportional coefficient corresponding to the difference.

[0092] Step S602: When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack has not reached the end-stage threshold, the estimated time on the instrument is decreased at the rate of decrease based on the estimated time displayed on the instrument and the total estimated time calculated in real time. The estimated time on the instrument decreases at the rate of decrease.

[0093] Understandably, by changing the rate of time decay, the difference between the real-time displayed result and the real-time calculated result can be reduced. For example, when the estimated time on the display is 150 minutes, while the estimated time calculated by the program in real time is 160 minutes, the amount of change in the displayed estimated time will be less than the actual amount of change. For every minute the display decreases, more than one minute will have passed in the actual time. As long as the difference between the two is less than the critical time difference of the jump, this method can be used to make the total estimated time displayed appear continuous and smooth to the user.

[0094] Furthermore, when the remaining power of the real-time battery pack reaches the end-stage threshold or the charging voltage reaches the charging voltage threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is determined according to the end-stage time correction table.

[0095] It is understandable that when the actual charging reaches the end of the entire charging process, the estimated time is highly uncertain. The estimated time obtained by calculation may not be as good as the estimated time obtained by directly estimating based on the recorded data. As shown in Table 3 below, the estimated time can be directly obtained based on the charging parameters of the end charging process, and this estimated time is used as the displayed estimated time.

[0096] Table 3

[0097] It should be understood that when the charging voltage does not reach the charging voltage threshold, the battery charging will not trigger the above-mentioned behavior of directly obtaining the estimated time of the final stage by relying on the time correction table when it is in the temperature rise timing stage and fast charging timing stage. However, when the charging voltage reaches the charging voltage threshold, regardless of which charging stage it is in, the estimated time of the final stage will be corrected according to the preset program.

[0098] Furthermore, when the difference between the total estimated time calculated in real time and the estimated time displayed on the instrument exceeds the correction threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is directly corrected to the total estimated time calculated in real time.

[0099] Understandably, when the estimated time calculated in real time by the program differs too much from the estimated time displayed on the instrument, and exceeds the correction threshold, the program will first determine which stage of charging is currently in. During the heating-up timing stage and the fast charging timing stage, the estimated time currently being displayed needs to be directly corrected. For example, when the correction threshold is set to 20 minutes, if the displayed value is more or less than the estimated time calculated in the background, the estimated time calculated in the background will directly replace the currently displayed time.

[0100] In this embodiment, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is adjusted based on the total estimated time calculated in real time and the real-time charging parameters. When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack has not reached the end-stage threshold, the time decrease rate of the estimated time on the instrument is obtained based on the estimated time displayed on the instrument and the total estimated time calculated in real time. The estimated time on the instrument decreases according to the time decrease rate. When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack reaches the end-stage threshold or the charging voltage reaches the charging voltage threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is determined according to the end-stage time correction table. The time decrease rate of the real-time estimated time is adjusted by the difference between the real-time estimated time and the time calculated in real time by the background program. Combined with various special processing for the estimated time of the charging end stage for special cases, multiple factors are comprehensively considered, making the overall estimated time display smoother and more accurate, and improving the user experience.

[0101] like Figure 8 As shown, the fast charging remaining time estimation device proposed in this embodiment of the invention includes: Data acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the initial battery pack temperature and determine the temperature rise calculation strategy during the temperature rise timing stage; The estimated time calculation module 20 is used to obtain the charging amount and estimated time of the heating timing stage based on the heating calculation strategy. The estimated time calculation module 20 is also used to determine the total charging amount during the fast charging time stage based on the charging amount during the heating time stage and the real-time remaining battery pack charge. The estimated time calculation module 20 is also used to obtain the estimated time of the fast charging time stage based on the temperature charging rate correspondence diagram and the preset unit charging amount of the fast charging time stage. The estimated time calculation module 20 is also used to determine the estimated time of the final stage based on the charging pile parameters. The time display module 30 is used to determine the total estimated time based on the estimated time of the heating timing stage, the estimated time of the fast charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, and to display the total estimated time on the instrument.

[0102] In one embodiment, the estimated time calculation module 20 is further configured to: determine a temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage when the initial battery pack temperature is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold; determine a temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage when the initial battery pack temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold and less than a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold; and determine a temperature rise calculation strategy for the fast charging timing stage when the initial battery pack temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold.

[0103] In one embodiment, the estimated time calculation module 20 is further configured to: determine the active heating rate and passive heating rate of the battery pack according to the heating calculation strategy; calculate the difference between the initial battery pack temperature and the second temperature threshold; determine the heating time according to the active heating rate and the passive heating rate; use the heating time as the estimated time of the heating timing stage; determine the real-time charging rate of each temperature range from the initial battery pack temperature to the second temperature threshold according to the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram; determine the estimated charging amount of each temperature range according to the charging rate; and accumulate the estimated charging amounts of each temperature range to obtain the charging amount of the heating timing stage.

[0104] In one embodiment, the estimated time calculation module 20 is further configured to: determine the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate based on a temperature-charging rate correspondence graph; calculate the charging time per unit charge based on the calculated charging rate, and update the estimated charging time and estimated charge amount; calculate the temperature rise generated within the preset unit charge based on the charging time and the temperature rise rate, and update the estimated temperature value based on the real-time battery pack temperature value and the temperature rise; update the charging rate based on the estimated temperature value; repeat the above steps, and accumulate the charge amount during the fast charging timing phase according to the preset unit charge amount until the preset charge amount reaches the total charge of the fast charging timing phase, and use the last updated estimated charging time as the estimated time of the fast charging timing phase.

[0105] In one embodiment, the estimated time calculation module 20 is further configured to acquire the real-time charging rate of the charging pile and record the highest and lowest charging rates generated; based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, obtain the lookup table charging rate according to the estimated temperature value and the estimated charging amount; compare the highest charging rate, the lookup table charging rate, and the real-time charging rate to obtain the minimum value among the three, which is used as the preset calculated charging rate; compare the preset calculated charging rate with the lowest charging rate to obtain the larger value between the two, which is used as the calculated charging rate; and obtain the temperature rise rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate based on the calculated charging rate.

[0106] In one embodiment, the time display module 30 is further configured to adjust the estimated time displayed on the instrument based on the total estimated time calculated in real time and the real-time charging parameters; when the remaining power of the real-time battery pack has not reached the end-stage threshold, the estimated time on the instrument is calculated according to the estimated time displayed on the instrument and the total estimated time calculated in real time, and the estimated time on the instrument decreases according to the time decrease rate; when the remaining power of the real-time battery pack reaches the end-stage threshold or the charging voltage reaches the charging voltage threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is determined according to the end-stage time correction table.

[0107] In one embodiment, the time display module 30 is further configured to directly correct the estimated time displayed on the instrument to the total estimated time calculated in real time when the difference between the total estimated time calculated in real time and the estimated time displayed on the instrument exceeds a correction threshold.

[0108] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of this application's embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0109] It should be noted that the workflow described above is merely illustrative and does not limit the scope of protection of this invention. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select some or all of the workflow to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs, and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0110] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0111] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0112] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as read-only memory (ROM) / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0113] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating remaining charging time for fast charging, characterized in that, The method for estimating the remaining charging time for fast charging includes: Obtain the initial battery pack temperature and determine the temperature rise calculation strategy; Based on the heating calculation strategy, the charging amount and estimated time of the heating timing stage are obtained; The total charging amount during the fast charging timing phase is determined based on the charging amount during the heating-up timing phase and the real-time remaining battery pack charge. Based on the temperature-charging-rate correspondence diagram and the total charging amount during the fast charging timing phase, the estimated time for the fast charging timing phase is obtained. The step of obtaining the estimated time for the fast charging timing phase based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence graph and the total charging amount during the fast charging timing phase includes: Repeat the following steps until the cumulative charge reaches the total charge level of the fast charging timer phase: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate are determined. Based on the calculated charging rate, calculate the charging time per unit of charge, and update the estimated charging time and estimated charge. Based on the charging time and the heating rate, the amount of temperature rise generated within the preset unit charging amount is calculated, and the estimated temperature value is updated based on the real-time battery pack temperature value and the amount of temperature rise. The charging rate is updated based on the estimated temperature value; The charging amount during the fast charging timer phase is accumulated according to the preset unit charging amount; When the cumulative charging amount reaches the total power of the fast charging timing stage, the estimated charging time after the last update will be used as the estimated time of the fast charging timing stage. The step of determining the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram includes: Obtain the real-time charging rate of the charging pile and record the highest and lowest charging rates generated. Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence chart, the lookup table charging rate is obtained according to the estimated temperature value and the estimated charging amount. Compare the highest charging rate, the lookup table charging rate, and the real-time charging rate to obtain the minimum value among the three, which is used as the preset calculated charging rate. Compare the preset calculated charging rate with the minimum charging rate, and obtain the larger value between the two as the calculated charging rate; Based on the calculated charging rate, the heating rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate is obtained; Determine the estimated time for the final stage based on the charging pile parameters; Based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, the total estimated time is determined and displayed on the instrument.

2. The fast charging remaining time estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the initial battery pack temperature and determining the temperature rise calculation strategy includes: When the initial battery pack temperature is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage is determined. When the initial battery pack temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold and less than a second temperature threshold, the temperature rise calculation strategy for the temperature rise timing stage is determined, wherein the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold. When the initial battery pack temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the temperature rise calculation strategy for the fast charging timing stage is determined.

3. The fast charging remaining time estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the charging amount and estimated time during the heating timing stage based on the heating calculation strategy includes: Based on the aforementioned heating calculation strategy, the active heating rate and passive heating rate of the battery pack are determined; Calculate the difference between the initial battery pack temperature and the second temperature threshold, and determine the heating time based on the active heating rate and the passive heating rate; The heating time is used as the estimated time for the heating timing stage; Based on the temperature-charging-rate correspondence diagram, the real-time charging rate of each temperature range from the initial battery pack temperature to the second temperature threshold is determined, and the estimated charging amount of each temperature range is determined based on the charging rate. The estimated charge amount for each temperature range is summed to obtain the charge amount during the heating-up timing stage.

4. The fast charging remaining time estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the total estimated time based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, and displaying the total estimated time on the instrument, includes: Based on the total estimated time calculated in real time and the real-time charging parameters, adjust the estimated time displayed on the instrument. When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack has not reached the end-stage threshold, the estimated time on the instrument is decreased at the rate of decrease based on the estimated time displayed on the instrument and the total estimated time calculated in real time. The estimated time on the instrument decreases according to the rate of decrease. When the remaining power of the real-time battery pack reaches the end-stage threshold or the charging voltage reaches the charging voltage threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is determined according to the end-stage time correction table.

5. The fast charging remaining time estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the difference between the total estimated time calculated in real time and the estimated time displayed on the instrument exceeds the correction threshold, the estimated time displayed on the instrument is directly corrected to the total estimated time calculated in real time.

6. A device for estimating remaining charging time for fast charging, characterized in that, The fast charging remaining time estimation device includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the initial battery pack temperature and determine the temperature rise calculation strategy during the temperature rise timing stage. The estimated time calculation module is used to obtain the charging amount and estimated time of the heating timing stage based on the heating calculation strategy. The estimated time calculation module is also used to determine the total charging amount during the fast charging time stage based on the charging amount during the heating time stage and the real-time remaining battery pack charge. The estimated time calculation module is also used to obtain the estimated time of the fast charging time stage based on the temperature charging rate correspondence diagram and the total charging amount of the fast charging time stage. The estimated time calculation module is further configured to repeatedly execute the following steps until the cumulative charging amount reaches the total power of the fast charging timing stage: Based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, determine the calculated charging rate and the corresponding temperature rise rate; calculate the charging time per unit of charging amount according to the calculated charging rate, and update the estimated charging time and estimated charging amount; calculate the temperature rise generated within the preset unit of charging amount according to the charging time and the temperature rise rate, and update the estimated temperature value according to the real-time battery pack temperature value and the temperature rise; update the charging rate according to the estimated temperature value; accumulate the charging amount of the fast charging timing stage according to the preset unit of charging amount; when the cumulative charging amount reaches the total power of the fast charging timing stage, use the last updated estimated charging time as the estimated time of the fast charging timing stage. The estimated time calculation module is also used to obtain the real-time charging rate of the charging pile and record the highest and lowest charging rates generated; based on the temperature-charging rate correspondence diagram, according to the estimated temperature value and the estimated charging amount, a lookup table charging rate is obtained; the highest charging rate, the lookup table charging rate, and the real-time charging rate are compared to obtain the minimum value among the three, which is used as the preset calculated charging rate; the preset calculated charging rate is compared with the lowest charging rate to obtain the larger value between the two, which is used as the calculated charging rate; and the heating rate corresponding to the calculated charging rate is obtained based on the calculated charging rate. The estimated time calculation module is also used to determine the estimated time of the final stage based on the charging pile parameters. The time display module is used to determine the total estimated time based on the estimated time of the heating-up timing stage, the estimated time of the fast-charging timing stage, and the estimated time of the final stage, and to display the total estimated time on the instrument.

7. A device for estimating remaining charging time for fast charging, characterized in that, The fast charging remaining time estimation device includes: a memory, a processor, and a fast charging remaining time estimation program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the fast charging remaining time estimation program is configured to implement the steps of the fast charging remaining time estimation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a fast charging remaining time estimation program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the fast charging remaining time estimation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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