A ventilation system for fire early warning

Abstract

This invention develops a ventilation system for fire early warning. It utilizes an equivalent coil, indoor air coil, indoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for ventilation. A laser and light intensity receiver are installed in the constricted section to monitor the attenuation of laser intensity in the indoor air, thus providing an initial fire assessment. When the laser intensity attenuation in the indoor air is significant, the three-way valve adjusts its path, introducing outdoor air from the extension pipe, outdoor air coil, outdoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for verification and comparison. If the laser intensity attenuation in the outdoor air is similar to that in the indoor air, the system automatically switches back to monitoring the indoor air. If the laser intensity attenuation in the outdoor air differs significantly from that in the indoor air, an alarm is activated, and a fire investigation is initiated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire early warning technology, specifically to a ventilation system for fire early warning. Background Technology

[0002] The occurrence of most fires can generally be divided into the following stages:

[0003] I. Invisible stage: The fire source emits trace amounts of smoke particles that are difficult to observe with the human eye;

[0004] II. Visible Smoke Stage: The human eye can observe a small amount of smoke before an object burns;

[0005] III. Open Flame Stage: The human eye can see the burning flames near the fire source;

[0006] IV. Fire Stage: The fire spreads rapidly, the temperature rises sharply, and thick smoke billows out.

[0007] Existing fire early warning technologies primarily focus on the visible smoke and open flame stages, such as using smoke detectors and temperature sensors for warnings. However, once a fire develops to the visible smoke stage, the large amount of heat accumulated in the early stages is rapidly released, and the fire quickly enters the open flame stage. In the open flame stage, the fire develops rapidly, transitioning from the development stage to the intense stage. Therefore, while existing fire early warning technologies are effective, their warning period is relatively short, making it difficult to stop a fire in its invisible stages. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention develops a ventilation system for fire early warning. It utilizes an equivalent coil, indoor air coil, indoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for ventilation. A laser and light intensity receiver are installed in the constricted section to monitor the attenuation of laser intensity in the indoor air, thus providing an initial fire assessment. When the laser intensity attenuation in the indoor air is significant, the three-way valve adjusts its path, introducing outdoor air from the extension pipe, outdoor air coil, outdoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for verification and comparison. If the laser intensity attenuation in the outdoor air is similar to that in the indoor air, the system automatically switches back to monitoring the indoor air. If the laser intensity attenuation in the outdoor air differs significantly from that in the indoor air, an alarm is activated, and a fire investigation is initiated.

[0009] A ventilation system for fire early warning includes an exhaust duct comprising, from top to bottom, an exhaust section 1, a constriction section 3, and a rectifying section 2; the rectifying section 2 is connected to a three-way valve 4, which in turn is connected to an outdoor air duct 5 and an indoor air duct 6; an outdoor air coil 7 and an indoor air coil 8 are coiled together and fixed together on a bracket 9; the outdoor air duct 5 and the outdoor air coil 7 are connected by a flexible hose, and the indoor air duct 6 and the indoor air coil 8 are connected by a flexible hose; the other end of the outdoor air coil 7 is connected to an extension pipe 10 via a flexible hose, and the other end of the indoor air coil 8 is connected to an equivalent coil 11 via a flexible hose; the equivalent coil 11 is placed on a suspension bracket 12; a laser 13 and a light intensity receiver 14 are respectively installed on both sides of the constriction section 3.

[0010] Furthermore, the exhaust section 1 is equipped with an exhaust fan or a blower.

[0011] Furthermore, both the outdoor air duct 5 and the indoor air duct 6 are equipped with exhaust fans or ventilation fans.

[0012] Furthermore, the necked section 3 is made of quartz.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure differential measuring instrument is installed between the rectifier section 2 and the necking section 3.

[0014] Advantages of this invention:

[0015] 1. This invention utilizes an equivalent coil, indoor air coil, indoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for ventilation. A laser and light intensity receiver are installed in the constricted section to monitor the attenuation of laser intensity in the indoor air, thus providing an initial assessment of potential fires. When the laser intensity attenuation in the indoor air is significant, the three-way valve adjusts its path, introducing outdoor air from the extension pipe, outdoor air coil, outdoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for verification and comparison. If the attenuation of laser intensity in the outdoor air is similar to that in the indoor air, the system automatically switches back to monitoring the indoor air. If the attenuation of laser intensity in the outdoor air differs significantly from that in the indoor air, an alarm is activated, and a fire investigation is initiated.

[0016] 2. Moreover, when a pressure difference measurement timer is set between the rectifier section and the necking section, the fluctuation of the pressure difference can be monitored to determine whether an alarm or fire investigation needs to be activated.

[0017] 3. The outdoor air coil is designed to eliminate the temperature difference between outdoor and indoor air, effectively reducing system errors; both the bracket and the suspension bracket are suspended to prevent the wall temperature from affecting the temperature of the outdoor and indoor air.

[0018] 4. The indoor air coil is designed to be equivalent to the outdoor air coil, and the equivalent coil is designed to be equivalent to the extended pipe. Furthermore, the hoses are arranged symmetrically to ensure that the resistance and flow rate of outdoor air are consistent with those of indoor air, effectively reducing system errors.

[0019] 5. The exhaust pipe is exposed, especially the constricted section, to facilitate cleaning of the inner pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention;

[0022] In the diagram: 1-exhaust section, 2-rectifier section, 3-neck section, 4-three-way valve, 5-outdoor air duct, 6-indoor air duct, 7-outdoor air coil, 8-indoor air coil, 9-bracket, 10-extension pipe, 11-equivalent coil, 12-suspension bracket, 13-laser, 14-light intensity receiver. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1

[0024] This invention is best suited for installation in passageways with air collection capabilities, such as exhaust ducts and elevator shafts. Taking an elevator shaft as an example, this invention is installed on the top wall of the elevator shaft, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0025] A ventilation system for fire early warning includes an exhaust duct, which consists of an exhaust section 1, a constriction section 3, and a rectifier section 2 from top to bottom. An exhaust fan is installed in the exhaust section 1. The constriction section 3 is made of quartz. A pressure differential gauge is installed between the rectifier section 2 and the constriction section 3. The rectifier section 2 is connected to a three-way valve 4, which in turn is connected to an outdoor air duct 5 and an indoor air duct 6. An outdoor air coil 7 and an indoor air coil 8 are coiled together and fixed to a bracket 9. The bracket 9 is connected to the three-way valve 4 by a rope. The outdoor air duct 5 and the outdoor air coil 7 are connected by a flexible hose, and the indoor air duct 6 and the indoor air coil 8 are connected by a flexible hose. The other end of the outdoor air coil 7 is connected to an extension pipe 10 via a flexible hose, and the other end of the indoor air coil 8 is connected to an equivalent coil 11 via a flexible hose. The equivalent coil 11 is placed on a suspension bracket 12, which is suspended from the top wall of an elevator shaft. A laser 13 and a light intensity receiver 14 are installed on both sides of the constriction section 3.

[0026] The aforementioned hoses are arranged symmetrically. When the laser intensity of the indoor air decreases significantly, the three-way valve adjusts the flow to introduce outdoor air for verification and comparison. If the degree of laser intensity decrease in the outdoor air is similar to that in the indoor air, the system automatically switches back to monitoring the indoor air. If the degree of laser intensity decrease in the outdoor air differs significantly from that in the indoor air, an alarm is activated to conduct a fire investigation.

[0027] The system can also determine whether to activate an alarm and conduct a fire investigation by monitoring fluctuations in the pressure difference: when the indoor air pressure difference fluctuates significantly, the three-way valve adjusts the flow to introduce outdoor air for verification and comparison; if the outdoor air pressure difference is similar to the indoor air pressure difference, it automatically switches back to monitoring the indoor air; if the outdoor air pressure difference is significantly different from the indoor air pressure difference, an alarm is activated and a fire investigation is conducted.

[0028] Among the aforementioned fire early warning methods, monitoring laser intensity can assess fire risk and issue warnings during the invisible stage; however, monitoring fluctuations in pressure differences only provides effective warnings during periods of dense smoke (when air density changes significantly) and open flame stages (when temperature rises and both airflow and density change). Combining these two methods improves the accuracy of early warnings and enhances applicability in various situations.

[0029] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for fire early warning, characterized in that: The ventilation system includes an exhaust duct, which consists of an exhaust section, a constriction section, and a rectifier section from top to bottom. The rectifier section is connected to a three-way valve, which in turn is connected to an outdoor air duct and an indoor air duct. An outdoor air coil and an indoor air coil are coiled together and fixed together on a bracket. The outdoor air duct and the outdoor air coil are connected by a flexible hose, and the indoor air duct and the indoor air coil are connected by a flexible hose. The other end of the outdoor air coil is connected to an extension pipe via a flexible hose, and the other end of the indoor air coil is connected to an equivalent coil via a flexible hose. The equivalent coil is placed on a suspension bracket. A laser and a light intensity receiver are installed on both sides of the constriction section, and a pressure differential meter is installed between the rectifier section and the constriction section. Ventilation is carried out through an equivalent coil, indoor air coil, indoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct. A laser and light intensity receiver are installed in the constricted section to monitor the attenuation of the laser intensity in the indoor air, thus making a preliminary judgment on the fire. When the laser intensity attenuation in the indoor air is significant, the three-way valve adjusts the passage to introduce outdoor air from the extension pipe, outdoor air coil, outdoor air duct, three-way valve, and exhaust duct for verification and comparison. If the laser intensity attenuation in the outdoor air is similar to that in the indoor air, it automatically switches back to monitoring the indoor air. If the laser intensity attenuation in the outdoor air differs significantly from that in the indoor air, an alarm is activated, and a fire investigation is initiated.

2. The ventilation system for fire early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust section is equipped with an exhaust fan or a blower.

3. The ventilation system for fire early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the outdoor and indoor air ducts are equipped with exhaust fans or ventilation fans.

4. The ventilation system for fire early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constricted section is made of quartz.

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