A management method and system of a transformer on-load voltage regulating switch

Abstract

The application provides a transformer on-load voltage regulating switch management method and system, the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch management method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining the actual characteristic parameters of the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch, and obtaining the predetermined characteristic parameters of the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch in the normal switch switching process, the actual characteristic parameters comprise actual drive current, actual vibration frequency and actual magnetic field intensity, the predetermined characteristic parameters comprise predetermined drive current, predetermined vibration frequency and predetermined magnetic field intensity; S2, judging whether the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch starts to switch based on the actual drive current; S3, comparing the actual characteristic parameters and the predetermined characteristic parameters to judge whether the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch switches successfully when judging that the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch switches. The transformer on-load voltage regulating switch management method can increase the accuracy of the switch switching judgment of the transformer on-load voltage regulating switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformers, and in particular to a management method and system for on-load tap changers of transformers. Background Technology

[0002] The on-load tap changer of a transformer is crucial to the transformer.

[0003] Monitoring the on-load tap changer of a transformer can detect problems in a timely manner. However, existing methods mainly monitor the tap position of the on-load tap changer or simply detect the current of the on-load tap changer to confirm whether the switch switching was successful. However, these detection methods are not accurate and cause confusion for relevant personnel. If the on-load tap changer is mistakenly judged to have switched successfully, it can easily lead to power accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a management method and system for on-load tap changers of transformers, thereby increasing the accuracy of determining whether the switching of on-load tap changers is successful and preventing power accidents.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a method for managing on-load tap changers of transformers, the method comprising:

[0006] Step S1: Obtain the actual characteristic parameters of the on-load tap changer of the transformer, and obtain the predetermined characteristic parameters of the on-load tap changer of the transformer during normal switching process. The actual characteristic parameters include the actual driving current, the actual number of vibrations and the actual magnetic field strength. The predetermined characteristic parameters include the predetermined driving current, the predetermined number of vibrations and the predetermined magnetic field strength.

[0007] Step S2: Determine whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer should start switching based on the actual drive current;

[0008] Step S3: After determining that the on-load tap changer of the transformer is switching, the actual characteristic parameters and the predetermined characteristic parameters are compared to determine whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer has successfully switched.

[0009] Furthermore, the actual driving current is obtained by measuring the drive current of the drive motor of the on-load tap changer of the transformer using a current detector, the actual vibration number is obtained by measuring the vibration number of the upper cover of the on-load tap changer of the transformer using a vibration sensor, and the actual magnetic field strength is obtained by detecting the magnetic field strength of the on-load tap changer of the transformer using a magnetic field probe.

[0010] Further, step S2 includes:

[0011] If the actual driving current is greater than the predetermined starting current, it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer begins to switch.

[0012] Further, step S3 includes:

[0013] Step S311: Establish three two-dimensional coordinate systems. The first two-dimensional coordinate system has time on the X-axis and driving current on the Y-axis. The second two-dimensional coordinate system has time on the X-axis and vibration number on the Y-axis. The third two-dimensional coordinate system has time on the X-axis and magnetic field strength on the Y-axis.

[0014] Step S312: Based on the predetermined driving current, the predetermined number of vibrations, and the predetermined magnetic field strength, a predetermined current curve, a predetermined number of vibrations curve, and a predetermined magnetic field strength curve are formed respectively.

[0015] Step S313: Based on the actual driving current, an actual current curve is formed; based on the actual number of vibrations, an actual vibration curve is formed; and based on the actual magnetic field strength, an actual magnetic field strength curve is formed.

[0016] Step S314: In real time, compare the actual current curve and the predetermined current curve to obtain a first similarity; in real time, compare the actual vibration frequency curve and the predetermined frequency curve to obtain a second similarity; in real time, compare the actual magnetic field strength curve and the predetermined magnetic field strength curve to obtain a third similarity. If the first similarity is greater than the first predetermined similarity, the second similarity is greater than the second predetermined similarity, and the third similarity is greater than the third predetermined similarity, determine that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has been successfully switched; otherwise, the switching has failed.

[0017] Further, step S3 includes:

[0018] Step S321: Establish two three-dimensional coordinate systems. In the first three-dimensional coordinate system, the X-axis represents time, the Y-axis represents the number of vibrations, and the Z-axis represents the driving current. In the second three-dimensional coordinate system, the X-axis represents time, the Y-axis represents the magnetic field strength, and the Z-axis represents the driving current.

[0019] Step S322: A first predetermined three-dimensional curve is formed based on the predetermined driving current and the predetermined number of vibrations; a second predetermined three-dimensional curve is formed based on the predetermined driving current and the predetermined magnetic field strength.

[0020] Step S323: A first actual three-dimensional curve is formed based on the actual driving current and the actual number of vibrations; a second actual three-dimensional curve is formed based on the actual driving current and the actual magnetic field strength.

[0021] Step S324: In real time, compare the first predetermined three-dimensional curve with the first actual three-dimensional curve to obtain a fourth similarity, and in real time compare the second predetermined three-dimensional curve with the second actual three-dimensional curve to obtain a fifth similarity. If the fourth similarity is greater than the fourth predetermined similarity and the fifth similarity is greater than the fifth predetermined similarity, determine that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has been successfully switched; otherwise, the switch switching has failed.

[0022] Furthermore, the management method also includes:

[0023] Step S4: When it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has failed to switch, an alarm is triggered, and the reasons for the switching failure are classified.

[0024] Further, step S4 includes:

[0025] Step S41: Based on the predetermined drive current curve during the normal switching process of the on-load tap changer of the transformer, the switching stage of the on-load tap changer of the transformer is divided into a start stage, a continuous stage and an end stage.

[0026] Step S42: When it is determined that the switching of the on-load tap changer of the transformer has failed, the reasons for the switching failure are classified into start-stage failure, continuous-stage failure and end-stage failure according to the switching stage at the end of the actual drive current curve.

[0027] Further, step S41 includes:

[0028] Based on the predetermined drive current curve, the first peak stage is the beginning stage, the second peak stage is the end stage, and the period between the first peak stage and the second peak stage is the continuous stage.

[0029] Furthermore, step S4 also includes:

[0030] Step S43: Establish a fault cause classification library, which includes various fault causes and fault drive current curves that correspond to each fault cause.

[0031] Step S44: When it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has failed to switch, the actual drive current curve is compared with multiple fault drive current curves in the fault cause classification library to obtain the failure similarity. Based on the failure similarity being greater than the predetermined failure similarity and the correspondence, the corresponding fault cause is obtained.

[0032] This invention provides a management system for an on-load tap changer of a transformer, the management system comprising:

[0033] A current detector is connected to the drive motor of the on-load tap changer of the transformer to detect the drive current;

[0034] A vibration sensor is connected to the top cover of the on-load tap changer of the transformer to detect the number of vibrations of the top cover;

[0035] A magnetic field probe is installed near the on-load tap changer of the transformer to detect the magnetic field strength;

[0036] The processor, which is connected to the current detector, the vibration sensor, and the magnetic field probe, determines whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer has been successfully switched according to the management method of the on-load tap changer of the transformer described above.

[0037] Due to the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] According to the management method of the on-load tap changer of the transformer of the present invention, actual characteristic parameters and predetermined characteristic parameters are obtained, and the on-load tap changer of the transformer is determined based on the actual drive current to determine whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer has started switching. The monitoring process that is not switching is filtered out. When it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer is switching, the actual characteristic parameters are compared with the predetermined characteristic parameters, that is, the actual drive current and the predetermined drive current, the actual number of vibrations and the predetermined number of vibrations, and the actual magnetic field strength and the predetermined magnetic field strength are compared. The switching success of the on-load tap changer of the transformer is judged by combining three dimensions, which can increase the accuracy of the switching judgment and avoid power accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a management system for an on-load tap changer of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a management system for an on-load tap changer of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a predetermined current curve according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the actual current curve and the predetermined starting current according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] 100. Transformer; 200. On-load tap changer for transformer; 300. Drive motor; 400. Current detector; 510. Vibration sensor; 520. Magnetic field probe; 600. Processor; 700. Display. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such usage can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0047] The following describes the management method of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the management method of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0049] Step S1: Obtain the actual characteristic parameters of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer, and obtain the predetermined characteristic parameters of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer during normal startup. The actual characteristic parameters include the actual drive current, the actual number of vibrations and the actual magnetic field strength. The predetermined characteristic parameters include the predetermined drive current, the predetermined number of vibrations and the predetermined magnetic field strength.

[0050] Optionally, the actual driving current is obtained by measuring the drive current of the drive motor 300 of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer using the current detector 400, the actual vibration number is obtained by measuring the vibration number of the upper cover of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer using the vibration sensor 510, and the actual magnetic field strength is obtained by detecting the magnetic field strength of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer using the magnetic field probe 520.

[0051] The current detector 400 can be an ammeter or a current transformer. The vibration sensor 510 and the magnetic field probe 520 are known technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] During the switching process of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer, the actual characteristic parameters will change. These changes can accurately reflect the switching status of the on-load tap changer 200. Predetermined characteristic parameters can be used as a reference. They can be obtained by observing the normal switching process of the on-load tap changer 200 and recording the characteristic parameters during this process.

[0053] Step S2: Determine whether the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer should start switching based on the actual drive current.

[0054] Monitoring the non-switching time of the on-load tap changer of the converter is not very meaningful. Determining whether the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer starts switching by using the actual value of the drive current can filter out the non-switching time, improve efficiency and reduce unnecessary monitoring.

[0055] Optionally, step S2 includes determining that the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer starts switching if the actual driving current is greater than the predetermined starting current.

[0056] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, during the switching process of the on-load tap changer 200, the current of the drive motor 300 will increase in order to drive the on-load tap changer 200. If the current is higher than the predetermined starting current, it can be determined that the switching has started.

[0057] Step S3: After determining that the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is switching, the actual characteristic parameters and the predetermined characteristic parameters are compared to determine whether the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer has successfully switched.

[0058] In other words, by comparing the actual driving current with the predetermined driving current, the actual number of vibrations with the predetermined number of vibrations, and the actual magnetic field strength with the predetermined magnetic field strength, and by comprehensively monitoring three dimensions rather than a single current or tap position, it is possible to accurately determine whether the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer has successfully switched. If the difference between the actual characteristic parameters and the predetermined characteristic parameters is too large, the switching of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is determined to have failed; otherwise, the switching of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is determined to have succeeded.

[0059] The above management method for the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer obtains actual characteristic parameters and predetermined characteristic parameters. Based on the actual drive current, it determines whether the on-load tap changer 200 has started switching. It filters out the monitoring process that is not switching. When determining whether the on-load tap changer 200 is switching, it compares the actual characteristic parameters with the predetermined characteristic parameters, that is, it compares the actual drive current with the predetermined drive current, the actual number of vibrations with the predetermined number of vibrations, and the actual magnetic field strength with the predetermined magnetic field strength. By combining these three dimensions, it judges whether the switching of the on-load tap changer 200 is successful, which can increase the accuracy of the switching judgment and avoid power accidents.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for determining whether the switch switching is successful may include the following two methods.

[0061] Method 1

[0062] Step S3 includes: steps S311, S312, S313 and S314.

[0063] Step S311: Establish three two-dimensional coordinate systems. The X-axis of the first two-dimensional coordinate system represents time, and the Y-axis represents the driving current. The X-axis of the second two-dimensional coordinate system represents time, and the Y-axis represents the number of vibrations. The X-axis of the third two-dimensional coordinate system represents time, and the Y-axis represents the magnetic field strength. Step S312: Based on the predetermined driving current, predetermined number of vibrations, and predetermined magnetic field strength, generate a predetermined current curve, a predetermined number of vibrations curve, and a predetermined magnetic field strength curve, respectively. Step S313: Generate an actual current curve based on the actual driving current, an actual vibration curve based on the actual number of vibrations, and an actual magnetic field strength curve based on the actual magnetic field strength. Step S314: Compare the actual current curve and the predetermined current curve in real time to obtain a first similarity score. Compare the actual number of vibrations curve and the predetermined number of vibrations curve in real time to obtain a second similarity score. Compare the actual magnetic field strength curve and the predetermined magnetic field strength curve in real time to obtain a third similarity score. If the first similarity score is greater than the first predetermined similarity score, the second similarity score is greater than the second predetermined similarity score, and the third similarity score is greater than the third predetermined similarity score, the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is determined to have successfully switched; otherwise, the switching fails.

[0064] In other words, we establish three two-dimensional coordinate systems: the first two-dimensional coordinate system relates to time and driving current, the second two-dimensional coordinate system relates to time and number of vibrations, and the third two-dimensional coordinate system relates to time and magnetic field strength.

[0065] In the first two-dimensional coordinate system, a predetermined current curve is formed based on a predetermined drive current and time, and an actual current curve is formed based on the actual drive current and time. The actual current curve and the predetermined current curve are aligned when the drive current in both curves simultaneously reaches the predetermined starting current. In the second two-dimensional coordinate system, a predetermined vibration number curve is formed based on a predetermined number of vibrations and time, and an actual vibration number curve is formed based on the actual number of vibrations and time. In the third two-dimensional coordinate system, a predetermined magnetic field strength curve is formed based on a predetermined magnetic field strength and time, and an actual magnetic field strength curve is formed based on the actual magnetic field strength and time. The time axis is consistent in all three two-dimensional coordinate systems, and the initial time node for comparison is based on the time node when the actual drive current just reaches the predetermined starting current, followed by real-time comparison. When the similarity of the curves in all three two-dimensional coordinate systems meets the relevant conditions, the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is judged to have successfully switched; otherwise, the switching fails. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and accurately determine whether the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer has successfully switched.

[0066] Method 2

[0067] Step S3 includes: steps S321, S322, S323 and S324.

[0068] Step S321: Establish two three-dimensional coordinate systems. In the first three-dimensional coordinate system, the X-axis represents time, the Y-axis represents the number of vibrations, and the Z-axis represents the driving current. In the second three-dimensional coordinate system, the X-axis represents time, the Y-axis represents the magnetic field strength, and the Z-axis represents the driving current. Step S322: Form a first predetermined three-dimensional curve based on the predetermined driving current and the predetermined number of vibrations. Form a second predetermined three-dimensional curve based on the predetermined driving current and the predetermined magnetic field strength. Step S323: Form a first actual three-dimensional curve based on the actual driving current and the actual number of vibrations. Form a second actual three-dimensional curve based on the actual driving current and the actual magnetic field strength. A fourth similarity score is obtained by comparing the first predetermined three-dimensional curve with the first actual three-dimensional curve in real time. A fifth similarity score is obtained by comparing the second predetermined three-dimensional curve with the second actual three-dimensional curve in real time. If the fourth similarity score is greater than the fourth predetermined similarity score and the fifth similarity score is greater than the fifth predetermined similarity score, the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is determined to have successfully switched; otherwise, the switching fails.

[0069] In other words, two three-dimensional coordinate systems are established. The first three-dimensional coordinate system relates to time, driving current, and the number of oscillations. The second three-dimensional coordinate system relates to time, driving current, and magnetic field strength.

[0070] In the first three-dimensional coordinate system, a first predetermined three-dimensional curve is formed based on a predetermined driving current, a predetermined number of vibrations, and time. In the second three-dimensional coordinate system, a second predetermined three-dimensional curve is formed based on a predetermined driving current, a predetermined magnetic field strength, and time. The comparison begins when the actual driving current reaches the predetermined starting current, and then real-time comparison is performed. When the similarity of the curves in both three-dimensional coordinate systems meets the relevant conditions, the on-load tap changer 200 is considered to have successfully switched; otherwise, the switching has failed. This method efficiently and accurately determines whether the on-load tap changer 200 has successfully switched, and the workload of three-dimensional curve comparison is lower than that of two-dimensional curve comparison, resulting in higher efficiency.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, the management method further includes step S4, which involves issuing an alarm when it is determined that the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer has failed to switch, and classifying the reasons for the switching failure.

[0072] The alarm system allows relevant personnel to promptly address faults in the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer, preventing power accidents. Categorizing the causes of switching failures enables personnel to address issues more effectively, avoiding lengthy fault analysis and improving troubleshooting efficiency.

[0073] Further, step S4 includes: step S41 and step S42.

[0074] Step S41: Based on the predetermined drive current curve during the normal switching process of the on-load tap changer 200, the switching stages of the on-load tap changer 200 are divided into a start stage, a continuous stage, and an end stage. Step S42: When it is determined that the switching of the on-load tap changer 200 has failed, the cause of the failure is classified into start stage failure, continuous stage failure, and end stage failure based on the switching stage at the end of the actual drive current curve.

[0075] In other words, based on the predetermined drive current curve, the switching stages of the on-load tap changer 200 are divided into a start stage, a continuous stage, and an end stage. When a switching failure is detected in real time, if the end of the actual drive current curve is in the start stage, the failure is classified as a start stage failure; if it's in the continuous stage, the failure is classified as a continuous stage failure; and if it's in the end stage, the failure is classified as an end stage failure. This allows relevant personnel to clearly identify the stage at which the fault occurred, facilitating faster troubleshooting of the specific cause of the fault.

[0076] Optionally, step S41 includes: based on the predetermined drive current curve, the first peak stage is the start stage, the second peak stage is the end stage, and the period between the first peak stage and the second peak stage is the continuous stage.

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, the initial predetermined driving current fluctuation period is defined as the start phase, the intermediate predetermined current stabilization period is defined as the duration phase, and the end of the driving current fluctuation period is defined as the duration phase.

[0078] Furthermore, step S4 also includes steps S43 and S44.

[0079] Step S43: Establish a fault cause classification library, which includes various fault causes and corresponding fault drive current curves. Step S44: When the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer is determined to have failed to switch, compare the actual drive current curve with multiple fault drive current curves in the fault cause classification library to obtain the failure similarity. Based on the failure similarity being greater than a predetermined failure similarity and corresponding relationship, the corresponding fault cause is obtained.

[0080] After each fault is handled, various fault causes and corresponding fault drive current curves can be marked and recorded to form a correspondence between fault causes and fault drive current curves, thereby establishing a fault cause classification library.

[0081] When a failure is determined in the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer, the actual drive current curve is promptly compared with various fault drive current curves. Once the fault drive current curve indicating the failure is identified, the corresponding fault cause is determined based on the correlation. This allows relevant personnel to efficiently analyze the specific fault cause, significantly saving troubleshooting time.

[0082] The management system of the transformer on-load tap changer 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, the management system of the on-load tap changer 200 of the transformer of the present invention includes a current detector 400, a vibration sensor 510, a magnetic field probe 520, and a processor 600.

[0084] A current detector 400 is connected to the drive motor 300 of the on-load tap changer 200 to detect the drive current. A vibration sensor 510 is connected to the top cover of the on-load tap changer 200 to detect the number of vibrations of the top cover. A magnetic field probe 520 is placed near the on-load tap changer 200 to detect the magnetic field strength. A processor 600 is connected to the current detector 400, vibration sensor 510, and magnetic field probe 520, and determines whether the on-load tap changer 200 has successfully switched on and off according to the management method of any of the above-mentioned on-load tap changers 200.

[0085] The management system of this transformer on-load tap changer 200 can accurately determine whether the on-load tap changer 200 has been successfully switched.

[0086] Optionally, the management system of the on-load tap changer 200 may also include a display 700. The display 700 enables relevant personnel to more clearly obtain various data and make judgments.

[0087] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A management method for an on-load tap changer of a transformer, characterized in that, The management method includes: Step S1: Obtain the actual characteristic parameters of the on-load tap changer of the transformer, and obtain the predetermined characteristic parameters of the on-load tap changer of the transformer during normal switching process. The actual characteristic parameters include the actual driving current, the actual number of vibrations and the actual magnetic field strength. The predetermined characteristic parameters include the predetermined driving current, the predetermined number of vibrations and the predetermined magnetic field strength. Step S2: Determine whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer has started switching based on the actual driving current. If the actual driving current is greater than the predetermined starting current, it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has started switching. Step S3: After determining that the on-load tap changer of the transformer is switching, the actual characteristic parameters are compared with the predetermined characteristic parameters to determine whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer has successfully switched. Step S3 includes: Step S311: Establish three two-dimensional coordinate systems. The first two-dimensional coordinate system has time on the X-axis and driving current on the Y-axis. The second two-dimensional coordinate system has time on the X-axis and vibration number on the Y-axis. The third two-dimensional coordinate system has time on the X-axis and magnetic field strength on the Y-axis. Step S312: Based on the predetermined driving current, the predetermined number of vibrations, and the predetermined magnetic field strength, a predetermined current curve, a predetermined number of vibrations curve, and a predetermined magnetic field strength curve are formed respectively. Step S313: Based on the actual driving current, an actual current curve is formed; based on the actual number of vibrations, an actual vibration curve is formed; and based on the actual magnetic field strength, an actual magnetic field strength curve is formed. Step S314: A first similarity is obtained by real-time comparison of the actual current curve and the predetermined current curve; a second similarity is obtained by real-time comparison of the actual vibration frequency curve and the predetermined vibration frequency curve; and a third similarity is obtained by real-time comparison of the actual magnetic field strength curve and the predetermined magnetic field strength curve. If the first similarity is greater than the first predetermined similarity, the second similarity is greater than the second predetermined similarity, and the third similarity is greater than the third predetermined similarity, then the on-load tap changer of the transformer is determined to have successfully switched; otherwise, the switching fails. Alternatively, step S3 may include: Step S321: Establish two three-dimensional coordinate systems. In the first three-dimensional coordinate system, the X-axis represents time, the Y-axis represents the number of vibrations, and the Z-axis represents the driving current. In the second three-dimensional coordinate system, the X-axis represents time, the Y-axis represents the magnetic field strength, and the Z-axis represents the driving current. Step S322: A first predetermined three-dimensional curve is formed based on the predetermined driving current and the predetermined number of vibrations; a second predetermined three-dimensional curve is formed based on the predetermined driving current and the predetermined magnetic field strength. Step S323: A first actual three-dimensional curve is formed based on the actual driving current and the actual number of vibrations; a second actual three-dimensional curve is formed based on the actual driving current and the actual magnetic field strength. Step S324: In real time, compare the first predetermined three-dimensional curve with the first actual three-dimensional curve to obtain a fourth similarity, and in real time compare the second predetermined three-dimensional curve with the second actual three-dimensional curve to obtain a fifth similarity. If the fourth similarity is greater than the fourth predetermined similarity and the fifth similarity is greater than the fifth predetermined similarity, determine that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has been successfully switched; otherwise, the switch switching has failed.

2. The management method for on-load tap changers of transformers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual driving current is obtained by measuring the drive current of the drive motor of the on-load tap changer of the transformer using a current detector, the actual vibration number is obtained by measuring the vibration number of the upper cover of the on-load tap changer of the transformer using a vibration sensor, and the actual magnetic field strength is obtained by detecting the magnetic field strength of the on-load tap changer of the transformer using a magnetic field probe.

3. The management method for on-load tap changers of transformers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The management method also includes: Step S4: When it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has failed to switch, an alarm is triggered, and the reasons for the switching failure are classified.

4. The management method for on-load tap changers of transformers according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: Step S41: Based on the predetermined drive current curve during the normal switching process of the on-load tap changer of the transformer, the switching stage of the on-load tap changer of the transformer is divided into a start stage, a continuous stage and an end stage. Step S42: When it is determined that the switching of the on-load tap changer of the transformer has failed, the reasons for the switching failure are classified into start-stage failure, continuous-stage failure and end-stage failure according to the switching stage at the end of the actual drive current curve.

5. The management method for on-load tap changers of transformers according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S41 includes: Based on the predetermined drive current curve, the first peak stage is the beginning stage, the second peak stage is the end stage, and the period between the first peak stage and the second peak stage is the continuous stage.

6. The management method for on-load tap changers of transformers according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes: Step S43: Establish a fault cause classification library, which includes various fault causes and fault drive current curves that correspond to each fault cause. Step S44: When it is determined that the on-load tap changer of the transformer has failed to switch, the actual drive current curve is compared with multiple fault drive current curves in the fault cause classification library to obtain the failure similarity. Based on the failure similarity being greater than the predetermined failure similarity and the correspondence, the corresponding fault cause is obtained.

7. A management system for an on-load tap changer of a transformer, characterized in that, The management system includes: A current detector is connected to the drive motor of the on-load tap changer of the transformer to detect the drive current; A vibration sensor is connected to the top cover of the on-load tap changer of the transformer to detect the number of vibrations of the top cover; A magnetic field probe is installed near the on-load tap changer of the transformer to detect the magnetic field strength; The processor, connected to the current detector, the vibration sensor, and the magnetic field probe, determines whether the on-load tap changer of the transformer has been successfully switched according to the management method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

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