Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and an electronic device, wherein the antenna comprises a conductor, a circuit board, a feeding unit and a grounding unit, the conductor is electrically connected to the circuit board through the feeding unit, and the conductor is connected to the circuit board to realize grounding through the grounding unit, wherein the central angle of the feeding unit and the grounding unit relative to the center of the circuit board is 75-105 degrees. The antenna provided in the application can make the phase difference of the two resonance modes generated in the range of 90±20 degrees by making the central angle of the feeding unit and the grounding unit relative to the center of the circuit board be 75-105 degrees, so that the elliptical polarization condition can be generated, and the antenna can have the right-handed elliptical polarization characteristics required by satellite positioning or the left-handed elliptical polarization characteristics required by satellite communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mobile communication technology, wearable devices can perform various functions via the internet, such as obtaining weather and temperature information, and location information. Most of these functions rely on location tracking, which is currently achieved by embedding a GPS antenna within the wearable device. However, existing GPS antennas are typically designed into the metal casing of the wearable device, using the casing as the radiator. This antenna design fails to consider the elliptical polarization characteristics of satellite positioning or communication, making it difficult to achieve optimal positioning accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna and electronic device to solve the problem in the prior art where the antenna is designed on the metal casing of a wearable device, resulting in poor elliptic polarization characteristics and poor positioning accuracy in satellite positioning or communication.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides an antenna, wherein it includes:

[0005] Conductor;

[0006] Circuit board;

[0007] A power supply unit, wherein the conductor is electrically connected to the circuit board through the power supply unit;

[0008] A grounding unit is provided, through which the conductor is connected to the circuit board to achieve grounding;

[0009] The central angle between the power supply unit and the grounding unit and the center of the circuit board is 75° to 105°.

[0010] The antenna provided in this application embodiment, by setting the central angle of the feed unit and the ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board to 75° to 105°, can generate a phase difference of 90°±20° between the two resonant modes, thereby producing elliptical polarization conditions, enabling the antenna to have the right-hand elliptical polarization characteristics required for satellite positioning or the left-hand elliptical polarization characteristics required for satellite communication.

[0011] In one possible design, the circuit board is connected to the conductor via multiple metal connectors, one of two adjacent metal connectors being the power supply unit and the other being the grounding unit.

[0012] Among these multiple metal connectors, two adjacent metal connectors can satisfy the aforementioned central angle of 75° to 105°, so that one metal connector can be used as a feeding unit and the other metal connector can be used as a grounding structure. The metal connector can be used to connect and fix conductors and circuit boards, and can also be used as a feeding unit or a grounding unit to realize feeding or grounding functions. This allows the antenna to achieve elliptical polarization while having a relatively simple structure, realizing the miniaturization and thinning of the antenna, which is convenient for placement in electronic devices.

[0013] In one possible design, the metal connector is a screw or a spring. Using screws or springs allows for a reliable connection between the circuit board and the conductor, and also facilitates the construction of a power supply unit or grounding unit.

[0014] In one possible design, a first current path is formed on one side of the feed unit and the ground unit on the conductor, and a second current path is formed on the other side of the feed unit and the ground unit. The first current path is longer than the second current path. Within a set frequency band, the antenna is excited to generate a first resonance on the side where the first current path is located and a second resonance on the side where the second current path is located. The current directions corresponding to the first resonance and the second resonance are orthogonal to each other, so that the antenna constitutes an elliptical polarized antenna.

[0015] In one possible design, the set frequency band is 1500MHz to 2200MHz. Within this frequency band, the phase difference between the two modes is between 90°±20°, meaning the currents of the two modes are orthogonal and have a phase difference of 90°±20°, which can produce elliptic polarization conditions.

[0016] In one possible design, the central angle between the feed unit and the ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is 90°. This allows the two resonant modes to have a phase difference of approximately 90°. When the ground unit and the feed unit are arranged counterclockwise, right-hand polarization can be generated, and when they are arranged clockwise, left-hand polarization can be generated, enabling the antenna to meet the requirements of satellite positioning.

[0017] In one possible design, the grounding unit is connected to the conductor via a tuning device. This allows the antenna's axial ratio to be tuned via the tuning device.

[0018] In one possible design, the central angle between the feed unit and the ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is greater than or equal to 75° and less than 90°, and the axial ratio frequency point of the antenna is set to the GPS band by the tuning device; the ground unit and the feed unit are configured along a first rotation direction to produce right-handed elliptic polarization, or the ground unit and the feed unit are configured along a second rotation direction to produce left-handed elliptic polarization; the first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

[0019] In one possible design, the central angle between the feed unit and the ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 105°, and the axial ratio frequency point of the antenna is set to the GPS band by the tuning device; the ground unit and the feed unit are configured along a second rotation direction to generate right-handed elliptic polarization, or the ground unit and the feed unit are configured along a first rotation direction to generate left-handed elliptic polarization; the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction.

[0020] In one possible design, the tuning device is an inductor. This facilitates configuring the grounding unit with an inductor of a corresponding inductance value.

[0021] In one possible design, the power supply unit is connected to an impedance matching circuit. This facilitates the configuration of the appropriate impedance for the power supply unit.

[0022] In one possible design, the conductor and / or the circuit board is circular or polygonal in shape.

[0023] In one possible design, the diameter of the conductor and / or the circuit board is greater than 40 mm.

[0024] A second aspect of this application also provides an electronic device, which includes the antenna provided in the first aspect of this application.

[0025] In one possible design, the electronic device includes a metal frame, at least partially of which is the conductor. This eliminates the need for a separate conductor, allowing for a thinner antenna structure and consequently a thinner electronic device.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 A graph showing two resonance modes of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 The current distribution diagram for the first resonant mode in an antenna structure is shown.

[0031] Figure 5 The current distribution diagram for the second resonant mode in an antenna structure is shown.

[0032] Figure 6 The current distribution diagram for the first resonant mode in another antenna structure;

[0033] Figure 7 The current distribution diagram for the second resonant mode in another antenna structure;

[0034] Figure 8 A graph showing the phase difference between the second resonant mode and the first resonant mode;

[0035] Figure 9 Current distribution diagram (I) when the grounding unit and the feeder unit are arranged counterclockwise;

[0036] Figure 10 Current distribution diagram when the grounding unit and the feeder unit are arranged clockwise;

[0037] Figure 11 S11 curve diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 12 The S11 curve of the antenna is shown when the tuning device has different inductance values.

[0039] Figure 13 The axial ratio curves of the antenna are shown when the tuning device has different inductance values.

[0040] Figure 14 Current distribution diagram (II) when the grounding unit and the feeder unit are configured counterclockwise;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of an antenna.

[0042] Figure 16 S11 curves for antennas with tuning devices configured for the grounding unit and impedance matching circuits configured for the feed unit;

[0043] Figure 17 Axis ratio curves for the antenna with tuning devices configured for the grounding unit and impedance matching circuits configured for the feed unit;

[0044] Figure 18The current distribution diagram is shown when the antenna is configured with a tuning device in the ground unit and an impedance matching circuit in the feed unit, and the ground unit and the feed unit are configured counterclockwise.

[0045] Figure 19 The S11 curve is shown for the antenna with a central angle of less than 90° relative to the center of the circuit board in the feed unit and ground unit, and for the tuning device with different inductance values.

[0046] Figure 20 The axial ratio curves of the antenna with different inductance values ​​for the tuning devices when the central angle of the feed unit and ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is less than 90°.

[0047] Figure 21 The S11 curve is shown when the central angle of the antenna relative to the center of the feed unit and the ground unit is less than 90° and the impedance matching circuit is not through.

[0048] Figure 22 The axial ratio curve of the antenna when the central angle of the feed unit and the ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is less than 90°, and the impedance matching circuit is not through.

[0049] Figure 23 This is a current distribution diagram when the central angle of the antenna in the feed unit and the ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is less than 90°, and the ground unit and the feed unit are arranged counterclockwise.

[0050] Figure 24 The axial ratio curves of the antenna with the central angle of the feed unit and ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board being greater than 90°, and with different inductance values ​​of the tuning device.

[0051] Figure 25 The S11 curve is shown when the central angle of the antenna relative to the center of the circuit board is greater than 90° in the feed unit and ground unit, and when the tuning device and impedance matching circuit are configured.

[0052] Figure 26 This is a current distribution diagram when the central angle of the antenna's feed unit and ground unit relative to the center of the circuit board is greater than 90°, and the ground unit and feed unit are arranged clockwise.

[0053] Figure label:

[0054] 1- Conductor;

[0055] 2-Circuit board;

[0056] 3-First metal connector;

[0057] 4-Second metal connector;

[0058] 5-Third metal connector;

[0059] 6-Fourth metal connector;

[0060] 7-Power supply unit;

[0061] 8-Grounding unit.

[0062] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0064] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "multiple" refers to two or more; the terms "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" used in the embodiments of this application are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should also be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.

[0066] With the development of mobile communication technology, wearable devices can perform various functions via the internet, such as real-time monitoring of heart rate and sleep patterns, obtaining weather and temperature information, and location information. Most of these functions rely on location tracking. Currently, positioning is typically achieved by embedding a GPS antenna within the wearable device. However, existing GPS antennas are generally designed into the metal casing of the wearable device, using the casing as the radiator. This antenna design fails to consider the elliptical polarization characteristics of satellite positioning or communication, making it difficult to achieve optimal positioning accuracy.

[0067] This application provides an electronic device and an antenna, which can be applied to the electronic device to transmit or receive wireless signals. The electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, as well as cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, artificial intelligence (AI) devices, wearable devices using satellite positioning or communication systems such as GPS, GNSS, Tiantong-1 satellite communication, vehicle-mounted devices, smart home devices, and / or smart city devices. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific type of electronic device. For ease of explanation, this application uses a wearable device as an example for illustration.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the antenna includes a conductor 11, a circuit board 2, a feed unit 7, and a grounding unit 8. The conductor 11 is electrically connected to the circuit board 2 through the feed unit 7, and the conductor 11 is grounded by connecting to the circuit board 2 through the grounding unit 8. The central angle between the feed unit 7 and the grounding unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is 75° to 105°.

[0069] Both the power supply unit 7 and the grounding unit 8 can be located near the edge of the circuit board 2, thus ensuring that the circuit board 2 has ample space for arranging various electronic components. The circuit board 2 can be a printed circuit board (PCB). The power supply unit 7 can power the antenna, allowing the conductor 11 to radiate energy. The grounding unit 8 can ground the antenna.

[0070] When the antenna is applied in an electronic device, the electronic device may include a metal frame, which can at least partially serve as the conductor 11 of the antenna, eliminating the need for a separate conductor 11. This allows for a thinner antenna structure, thereby reducing the thickness of the electronic device.

[0071] Circuit board 2 has a geometric center. The power supply unit 7 and grounding unit 8 can be arranged on a circle centered at this geometric center. The angle between the line connecting the power supply unit 7 and the center of the circle and the line connecting the power supply unit 7 and the center of the circle is the central angle of the power supply unit 7 and grounding unit 8 relative to the center of circuit board 2. This central angle can range from 75° to 105°. Within this angle range, two resonant modes can be generated on either side of the power supply unit 7 and grounding unit 8. Specifically, on one side of the power supply unit 7 and grounding unit 8, the current phases between the power supply unit 7 and grounding unit 8 are opposite, exhibiting differential mode; while on the other side, the current phases between the power supply unit 7 and grounding unit 8 are the same, exhibiting common mode. Thus, the currents of the two resonant modes are mutually orthogonal and nearly orthogonal, with a phase difference between 90° ± 20°, meaning that the two orthogonal modes can generate elliptical polarization conditions.

[0072] Therefore, the antenna provided in this application embodiment, by making the central angle between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 relative to the center of the circuit board 2 75° to 105°, can make the phase difference between the two resonant modes 90°±20°, thereby generating elliptical polarization conditions, enabling the antenna to have the right-hand elliptical polarization characteristics required for satellite positioning or the left-hand elliptical polarization characteristics required for satellite communication.

[0073] Specifically, the circuit board 2 is connected to the conductor 11 via multiple metal connectors. One of the two adjacent metal connectors is a power supply unit 7, and the other is a grounding unit 8. A gap is maintained between the circuit board 2 and the conductor 11 to avoid short circuits.

[0074] Among the multiple metal connectors, two adjacent metal connectors can satisfy the aforementioned central angle of 75° to 105°, so that one of the metal connectors can be used as a power supply unit 7 and the other metal connector can be used as a grounding structure. The metal connector can be used to connect and fix the conductor 11 and the circuit board 2, and can also be used as a power supply unit 7 or a grounding unit 8 to realize the power supply function or the grounding function. This allows the antenna to achieve elliptical polarization while having a relatively simple structure, realizing the miniaturization and thinning of the antenna, which is convenient for placement in electronic devices.

[0075] These multiple metal connectors can be evenly distributed on a circle centered on the center of the circuit board 2, provided that any two adjacent metal connectors satisfy the aforementioned central angle of 75° to 105°. This allows for the selection of any two adjacent metal connectors as the feed unit 7 and the grounding unit 8, respectively, based on the actual layout, facilitating flexible antenna placement in electronic devices.

[0076] In this embodiment, four metal connectors can be provided, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, four metal connectors are evenly distributed on the same circumference, such that the central angle between any two adjacent metal connectors is 90°. Specifically, as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the various metal connectors can be designated as first metal connector 3, second metal connector 4, third metal connector 5, and fourth metal connector 6. These connectors can be arranged in either a counter-clockwise or clockwise direction. In this embodiment, for ease of explanation, they are referred to as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Let's take the counterclockwise arrangement in the middle as an example to illustrate.

[0077] In this configuration, the first metal connector 3 and the second metal connector 4 are two adjacent metal connectors. The first metal connector 3 can serve as the power supply unit 7, and the second metal connector 4 can serve as the grounding unit 8. Alternatively, the first metal connector 3 can serve as the grounding unit 8, and the second metal connector 4 can serve as the power supply unit 7. Similarly, the second metal connector 4 and the third metal connector 5, the third metal connector 5 and the fourth metal connector 6, and the fourth metal connector 6 and the first metal connector 3 are also two adjacent metal connectors, each of which can respectively constitute either the power supply unit 7 or the grounding unit 8.

[0078] When any two adjacent metal connectors are selected as the power supply unit 7 and the grounding unit 8, a first resonant mode is generated on one side of the two adjacent metal connectors, and a second resonant mode is generated on the other side. The current flows corresponding to the two resonant modes are orthogonal or nearly orthogonal, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown and Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this can generate elliptical polarization conditions, enabling the antenna to have right-handed polarization characteristics required for satellite positioning or left-handed polarization characteristics required for satellite communication.

[0079] The metal connector can be a screw or a spring, or a combination of both. Using screws or springs can achieve a reliable connection between the circuit board 2 and the conductor 11, and also facilitates the construction of a power supply unit 7 or a grounding unit 8.

[0080] Specifically, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, a first current path is formed on one side of the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 on the conductor 11, and a second current path is formed on the other side of the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8. The first current path is longer than the second current path. Within a set frequency band, the antenna excites a first resonance on the side where the first current path is located, and excites a second resonance on the side where the second current path is located. The current directions corresponding to the first resonance and the second resonance are orthogonal to each other, making the antenna an elliptical polarized antenna.

[0081] In one type of antenna structure, Figure 4 The figure shows the current distribution in the first resonant mode. Figure 5 The figure shows the current distribution in the second resonant mode. Figure 4 The current direction on circuit board 2 shown is mainly downward. Figure 5 The current direction on circuit board 2 shown is mainly to the right, thus the downward and rightward current directions are nearly orthogonal, creating a circular polarization condition. Similarly, in another antenna structure, Figure 6 The figure shows the current distribution in the first resonant mode. Figure 7 The figure shows the current distribution in the second resonant mode. Figure 6 The current direction on circuit board 2 shown is mainly upward. Figure 7 The current direction on the circuit board 2 shown is mainly to the left, so the upward and leftward current directions are nearly orthogonal, creating a circular polarization condition.

[0082] In this embodiment, the antenna excites a first resonant mode (1λ mode) on one side of the first current path. The current corresponding to the first resonance is out of phase between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8, exhibiting differential mode. The antenna excites a second resonant mode (0.5λ mode) on one side of the second current path. The current corresponding to the second resonance is in phase between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8, exhibiting common mode. Thus, the two resonant modes are orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to each other. Figure 3 The difference between the characteristic angles of the second resonance curve and the first resonance curve is calculated to obtain the result. Figure 8 The curve showing the phase difference between the second resonant mode and the first resonant mode is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the phase difference between the two modes is between 90° and 20°, meaning that the currents in the two modes are orthogonal and have a phase difference of 90° ± 20°, which can produce elliptic polarization conditions.

[0083] The frequency band specified above is 1500MHz to 2200MHz, such as Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, within this frequency band, the phase difference between the two modes is between 90° and 20°, meaning the currents of the two modes are orthogonal and have a phase difference of 90° ± 20°, which can produce elliptic polarization conditions. Figure 3 As shown, the first resonant frequency with a characteristic angle of 180° is 1654MHz, and the second resonant frequency is 2015MHz, which can meet the requirements of satellite positioning after forming elliptical polarization.

[0084] In one specific embodiment, the central angle between the power supply unit 7 and the grounding unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is 90°. For example... Figure 9As shown, when the grounding unit 8 and the power supply unit 7 are configured counterclockwise, that is, the first metal connector 3 is the grounding unit 8 and the second metal connector 4 is the power supply unit 7, the current on the circuit board 2 at the resonant point rotates counterclockwise, which is right-hand polarization. Figure 10 As shown, when the grounding unit 8 and the power supply unit 7 are arranged clockwise, that is, the first metal connector 3 is the power supply unit 7 and the second metal connector 4 is the grounding unit 8, the current on the circuit board 2 at the resonant point rotates clockwise, which is left-handed polarization.

[0085] Figure 11 The S11 curve of the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, Figure S11 represents the S11 diagram where the central angle between the grounding unit 8 and the power supply unit 7 relative to the center of the circuit board 2 is 90°. The circuit board 2 has a symmetrical structure, and the various metal connectors are symmetrically distributed. When any two metal connectors serve as the power supply unit 7 and the grounding unit 8, their corresponding S11 diagrams are all... Figure 11 As shown. Combined with Figure 3 The curves of the two resonance modes of the antenna are shown in the figure. Figure 11 The S11 diagram shown contains two orthogonal feature modes with a phase difference of approximately 90°. Specifically, when the grounding unit 8 and the feeding unit 7 are arranged counterclockwise, right-handed polarization can be generated, and when the grounding unit 8 and the feeding unit 7 are arranged clockwise, left-handed polarization can be generated, so that the antenna meets the requirements of satellite positioning.

[0086] Specifically, grounding unit 8 is connected to conductor 11 through a tuning device. When the matching circuit of feed unit 7 is in direct mode, grounding unit 8 is connected to conductor 11 through a tuning device. When the inductance value of the tuning device changes, the frequency of antenna S11 and axial ratio decreases as the inductance value increases. In other words, the axial ratio of the antenna can be tuned through the tuning device.

[0087] Figure 12 The S11 curve of the antenna is shown when the tuning device has different inductance values, such as... Figure 12 As shown, curve a represents antenna S11 when the inductance of the tuning device is 0, curve b represents antenna S11 when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve c represents antenna S11 when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH. It can be seen that as the inductance of the tuning device increases, the frequency corresponding to the resonant point S11 of the curve gradually decreases, that is, tuning can be achieved through the tuning device.

[0088] Figure 13The graph shows the axial ratio curves of the antenna when the inductance of the tuning device is different. Curve f represents the antenna axial ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 0, curve g represents the antenna axial ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve h represents the antenna axial ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH. It can be seen that as the inductance of the tuning device increases, the frequency corresponding to the axial ratio of the resonant point of the curve gradually decreases, that is, tuning can be achieved by the tuning device.

[0089] Specifically, the tuning device can be an inductor, or other devices with different inductance values.

[0090] The conductor 11 and / or circuit board 2 can be circular or polygonal, and the polygon can be square, rectangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc. For example... Figure 1 As shown, both the circuit board 2 and the conductor 11 are circular; Figure 2 As shown, both conductor 11 and circuit board 2 are square. Regardless of whether conductor 11 and circuit board 2 are circular or polygonal, the antenna has the same current distribution. That is, when grounding unit 8 and feed unit 7 are arranged counterclockwise, the current on circuit board 2 at the resonant point rotates counterclockwise, which is right-hand circular polarization. When grounding unit 8 and feed unit 7 are arranged clockwise, the current on circuit board 2 at the resonant point rotates clockwise, which is left-hand circular polarization.

[0091] Specifically, when the diameters of the conductor 11 and the circuit board 2 are greater than 40 mm, the elliptical polarization effect of the antenna can be achieved. The diameters of the conductor 11 and the circuit board 2 can specifically be between 40 mm and 50 mm.

[0092] in, Figure 14 The current distribution diagram (II) shows the current distribution when grounding unit 8 and feeder unit 7 are configured counterclockwise, as shown below. Figure 2 and Figure 14 As shown, when both conductor 11 and circuit board 2 are square, and grounding unit 8 and power supply unit 7 are arranged counterclockwise, the current on circuit board 2 at the resonant point rotates counterclockwise, which is right-hand polarization.

[0093] Figure 15 An axial ratio curve of an antenna, such as Figure 2 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 The curve shown is the axial ratio curve when the inductance of the tuned device is 3.9nH.

[0094] Specifically, the power supply unit 7 is connected to an impedance matching circuit. Figure 16 The S11 curves for the antenna with tuning devices configured for grounding unit 8 and impedance matching circuits configured for feeding unit 7 are shown below. Figure 16As shown, when the grounding unit 8 achieves a lower axial ratio in the GPS band by changing the inductance value of the tuning device, the antenna can have a better S11 by configuring an impedance matching circuit for the feed unit 7.

[0095] like Figure 16 As shown, curve i is the S11 curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve j is the S11 curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH and the inductance of the impedance matching circuit is 4.5nH. Comparing curves i and j, it can be seen that configuring an impedance matching circuit for the feed unit 7 can improve the antenna's S11. Curve k is the S11 curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH, and curve l is the S11 curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH and the inductance of the impedance matching circuit is 5.6nH. Comparing curves k and l, it can be seen that configuring an impedance matching circuit for the feed unit 7 can improve the antenna's S11.

[0096] Figure 17 The axial ratio curves for the antenna with tuning devices configured for grounding unit 8 and impedance matching circuits configured for feeding unit 7 are shown. Figure 17 The diagram shows the axial ratio curves corresponding to the case where the central angle between the power supply unit 7 and the grounding unit 8 is 90°. Curve m is the axial ratio curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve n is the axial ratio curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH and the inductance of the impedance matching circuit is 4.5nH. Comparing curves m and n, it can be seen that curves m and n completely overlap. Therefore, it can be concluded that when adjusting the impedance matching circuit of the power supply unit 7, the axial ratio does not change due to the configuration of the impedance matching circuit in the power supply unit 7. Curve o is the axial ratio curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH, and curve p is the axial ratio curve when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH and the inductance of the impedance matching circuit is 5.6nH. Comparing curve o and curve p, it can be seen that curve o and curve p completely overlap. Therefore, it can be concluded that when adjusting the impedance matching circuit of the power supply unit 7, the axial ratio does not change due to the configuration of the impedance matching circuit in the power supply unit 7.

[0097] Figure 18 The current distribution diagram is shown when the antenna has a tuning device configured for grounding unit 8 and an impedance matching circuit configured for feeding unit 7, and the grounding unit 8 and feeding unit 7 are configured counterclockwise. Figure 18 As shown, with tuning devices and impedance matching circuits configured in the grounding unit 8 and the power supply unit 7 respectively, the current distribution on the GPS band circuit board 2 is counterclockwise, generating right-hand elliptic polarization, which can achieve good positioning accuracy in satellite positioning function.

[0098] In another embodiment, the central angle between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is greater than or equal to 75° and less than 90°, and the axial ratio frequency of the antenna is set to the GPS band by a tuning device; the ground unit 8 and the feed unit 7 are configured along a first rotation direction to generate right-handed elliptic polarization, or the ground unit 8 and the feed unit 7 are configured along a second rotation direction to generate left-handed elliptic polarization; the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction are opposite. In this embodiment, the first rotation direction is counterclockwise, and the second rotation direction is clockwise.

[0099] Due to adjustments in the environment or dimensions of the system components, the central angle between the grounding unit 8 and the feeding unit 7 may be less than 90°. For ease of explanation, this embodiment uses a central angle of 75° as an example. When the impedance matching circuit of the feeding unit 7 is direct, the grounding unit 8 is connected to the conductor 11 through a tuning device. When the inductance value of the tuning device changes, the frequency corresponding to S11 and the axial ratio of the antenna can decrease as the inductance value of the tuning device increases, thus allowing tuning via the tuning device. Whether or not the feeding unit 7 is equipped with an impedance matching circuit does not affect the axial ratio of the antenna.

[0100] Figure 19 The S11 curve is shown when the central angle of the antenna relative to the center of the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 is less than 90°, the tuning devices have different inductance values, and the impedance matching circuit of the feed unit 7 is a straight-through circuit. Figure 19 The antenna S11 curve for the case with a central angle of 75° is specifically shown, as follows: Figure 19 As shown, curve q represents antenna S11 when the inductance of the tuning device is 0, curve r represents antenna S11 when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve s represents antenna S11 when the inductance of the tuning device is 4.5nH. It can be seen that as the inductance of the tuning device increases, the frequency corresponding to the resonant point S11 of the curve gradually decreases, that is, tuning can be achieved through the tuning device.

[0101] Figure 20 The axial ratio curve is shown when the central angle of the antenna relative to the center of the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 is less than 90°, the tuning devices have different inductance values, and the impedance matching circuit of the feed unit 7 is a straight-through circuit. Figure 20 The antenna axial ratio curve for the case with a central angle of 75° is specifically shown, as follows: Figure 20 As shown, curve t represents the antenna axis ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 0, curve u represents the antenna axis ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve v represents the antenna axis ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 6nH. It can be seen that as the inductance of the tuning device increases, the frequency corresponding to the axis ratio of the resonant point of the curve gradually decreases, that is, tuning can be achieved through the tuning device.

[0102] Figure 21 The S11 curve is shown for the antenna with a central angle of less than 90° relative to the center of the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 on the circuit board 2, when the impedance matching circuit is not through. Specifically, Figure 21 The antenna S11 curve for the case with a central angle of 75° is specifically shown, as follows: Figure 21 As shown, curve w is the S11 curve when only the grounding unit 8 is equipped with a 4.5nH tuning device, and curve x is the S11 curve when both the grounding unit 8 and the feed unit 7 are equipped with a 4.5nH tuning device. By comparing curve w and curve x, it can be seen that configuring a non-straight-through impedance matching circuit can make the antenna's S11 better and have lower loss.

[0103] Figure 22 The axial ratio curve of the antenna with the central angle between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is less than 90°, and the impedance matching circuit is not a direct pass-through. Specifically, Figure 22 The antenna S11 curve for the case with a central angle of 75° is specifically shown, as follows: Figure 22 As shown, curve y is the axial ratio curve when only the grounding unit 8 is equipped with a 4.5nH tuning device, and curve z is the axial ratio curve when both the grounding unit 8 and the feed unit 7 are equipped with a 4.5nH tuning device. By comparing curve y and curve z, it can be seen that curve y and curve z completely overlap. That is to say, whether or not the feed unit 7 is equipped with an impedance matching circuit does not affect the antenna axial ratio, so that the antenna can achieve good elliptic polarization while having low loss, and has good positioning accuracy in satellite positioning function.

[0104] Figure 23 This is a current distribution diagram for the antenna when the central angle between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is less than 90°, and the ground unit 8 is arranged counterclockwise with the feed unit 7. Specifically, Figure 23 The current distribution on circuit board 2 is specifically shown when the central angle is 75°, as described above. Figure 23 As shown, with tuning devices and impedance matching circuits configured in the grounding unit 8 and the power supply unit 7 respectively, the current distribution on the GPS band circuit board 2 is counterclockwise, generating right-hand elliptic polarization, which can achieve good positioning accuracy in satellite positioning function.

[0105] In another embodiment, the central angle between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 105°, and the axial ratio frequency of the antenna is set to the GPS band by a tuning device; the ground unit 8 and the feed unit 7 are configured along a second rotation direction to generate right-handed elliptic polarization, or the ground unit 8 and the feed unit 7 are configured along a first rotation direction to generate left-handed elliptic polarization; the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction. In this embodiment, the first rotation direction is counterclockwise, and the second rotation direction is clockwise.

[0106] In other words, when the central angle between the grounding unit 8 and the feeder unit 7 is greater than 90°, the lowest frequency point of the axial ratio is tuned to the GPS band by a tuning device, so that the grounding unit 8 and the feeder unit 7 can generate right-hand elliptic polarization when arranged clockwise. This is different from the above situation where the central angle between the grounding unit 8 and the feeder unit 7 is less than 90°, and the grounding unit 8 and the feeder unit 7 can generate right-hand elliptic polarization when arranged counterclockwise.

[0107] For ease of explanation, this embodiment uses a central angle of 105° as an example.

[0108] Figure 24 For antennas with central angles greater than 90° relative to the center of circuit board 2 in feed unit 7 and ground unit 8, the axial ratio curves are shown for different inductance values ​​of the tuning devices. Specifically, Figure 24 The antenna axial ratio curve for the aforementioned central angle of 105° is specifically shown. For example... Figure 24 As shown, curve A represents the antenna axial ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 0, curve B represents the antenna axial ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 3nH, and curve C represents the antenna axial ratio when the inductance of the tuning device is 7.6nH. It can be seen that as the inductance of the tuning device increases, the axial ratio corresponding to the resonant point of the curve gradually decreases, meaning that tuning can be achieved through a tuning device. Curve C shows a lower axial ratio in the GPS frequency band.

[0109] Figure 25 The S11 curve is shown for the antenna with a central angle greater than 90° relative to the center of the feed unit 7 and ground unit 8 on the circuit board 2, and with the tuning device and impedance matching circuit configured. Specifically, Figure 25 Specifically, the antenna S11 curve is shown when the central angle is 105°, and a 7.6nH tuning device is configured for the grounding unit 8, and a 4.5nH impedance matching circuit is configured for the feed unit 7, thus enabling the antenna to have a better S11.

[0110] Figure 26 This is a current distribution diagram for the antenna when the central angle between the feed unit 7 and the ground unit 8 and the center of the circuit board 2 is greater than 90°, and the ground unit 8 is arranged clockwise with the feed unit 7. Specifically, Figure 26 The current distribution on circuit board 2 is specifically shown when the central angle is 105°, as shown above. Figure 26 As shown, with tuning devices and impedance matching circuits configured in the grounding unit 8 and the power supply unit 7 respectively, the current distribution on the GPS band circuit board 2 is counterclockwise, generating right-hand elliptic polarization, which can achieve good positioning accuracy in satellite positioning function.

[0111] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: Conductor; Circuit board; A power supply unit, wherein the conductor is electrically connected to the circuit board through the power supply unit; A grounding unit is provided, through which the conductor is connected to the circuit board to achieve grounding; Wherein, the central angle between the power supply unit and the grounding unit and the center of the circuit board is 75°~105°; A first current path is formed on one side of the power supply unit and the grounding unit on the conductor, and a second current path is formed on the other side of the power supply unit and the grounding unit, wherein the first current path is longer than the second current path. Within the set frequency band, the antenna excites a first resonance on the side where the first current path is located and a second resonance on the side where the second current path is located, with the phase difference between the first resonance and the second resonance being between 90°±20°.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit board is connected to the conductor through multiple metal connectors, one of which is the power supply unit and the other is the grounding unit.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal connector is a screw or a spring.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The current directions corresponding to the first resonance and the second resonance are orthogonal to each other, so that the antenna constitutes an elliptical polarized antenna.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The set frequency band is 1500MHz~2200MHz.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central angle between the power supply unit and the grounding unit and the center of the circuit board is 90°.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The grounding unit is connected to the conductor via a tuning device.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central angle between the power supply unit and the grounding unit and the center of the circuit board is greater than or equal to 75° and less than 90°, and the axial ratio frequency point of the antenna is set to the GPS band by the tuning device. The grounding unit and the feeding unit are configured along a first rotation direction to generate right-handed elliptic polarization, or the grounding unit and the feeding unit are configured along a second rotation direction to generate left-handed elliptic polarization; The first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

9. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central angle between the power supply unit and the grounding unit and the center of the circuit board is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 105°, and the axial ratio frequency point of the antenna is set to the GPS band by the tuning device. The grounding unit and the feeding unit are configured along a second rotation direction to generate right-handed elliptic polarization, or the grounding unit and the feeding unit are configured along a first rotation direction to generate left-handed elliptic polarization; The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The tuning device is an inductor.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The power supply unit is connected to an impedance matching circuit.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The conductor and / or the circuit board are circular or polygonal in shape.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that, The diameter of the conductor and / or the circuit board is greater than 40 mm.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-13.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a metal frame, at least a portion of which is the conductor.

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