Electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an electronic device, an electric length of a first radiator is between 1 / 16 wavelength and 3 / 16 wavelength of a target frequency band, an electric length of a second radiator is between 3 / 16 wavelength and 3 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band; a signal source is electrically connected with at least one of a first feeding end and a second feeding end, the signal source is configured to excite the first radiator and at least part of a reference ground plate to form a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, a current intensity on the reference ground plate is greater than a current intensity on the first radiator; and / or, the signal source is configured to excite the second radiator and at least part of the reference ground plate to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, a maximum SAR value of the first radiator in the first resonant mode is less than a maximum SAR value of the second radiator in the second resonant mode, and the antenna has a lower SAR value when working in the target frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of electronic devices, specific absorption rate (SAR) is an indicator for assessing the impact of radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation on the human body. Ensuring SAR compliance during the operation of electronic device antennas is also an important parameter in antenna design. Therefore, how to design antennas to have low SAR values ​​during operation has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention This application provides an electronic device that enables the antenna to have a low SAR value during operation.

[0003] This application provides an electronic device, including a reference ground and an antenna assembly, wherein the antenna assembly includes: A first radiator, comprising a first free end and a first feed end, wherein the electrical length of the first radiator is between 1 / 16 and 3 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. A second radiator, comprising a second free end and a second feed end, wherein the electrical length of the second radiator is between 3 / 16 and 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; and A signal source is configured to provide an excitation signal for the target frequency band and is electrically connected to at least one of the first feed terminal and the second feed terminal. The signal source is configured to excite at least a portion of the first radiator and the reference ground to form a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, wherein the current intensity on the reference ground is greater than the current intensity on the first radiator, and the maximum SAR value of the first radiator in the first resonant mode is a first SAR value; and / or, the signal source is configured to excite at least a portion of the second radiator and the reference ground to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, wherein the maximum SAR value of the second radiator in the second resonant mode is a second SAR value, and the first SAR value is less than the second SAR value.

[0004] The electronic device provided in this application is designed with a first radiator including a first free end and a first feed end, the electrical length of the first radiator being between 1 / 16 and 3 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; a second radiator including a second free end and a second feed end, the electrical length of the second radiator being between 3 / 16 and 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; a signal source is used to provide an excitation signal for the target frequency band and is electrically connected to at least one of the first and second feed ends; the signal source is configured to excite at least a portion of the first radiator and a reference ground to form a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, the current intensity on the reference ground being greater than the current intensity on the first radiator; the maximum SAR value of the first radiator in the first resonant mode is a first SAR value; and / or, the signal source is configured to excite at least a portion of the second radiator and a reference ground to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, the maximum SAR value of the second radiator in the second resonant mode being a second SAR value, the first SAR value being less than the second SAR value, so that the antenna has a lower SAR value when operating in the target frequency band. Attached Figure Description

[0005] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partially exploded view of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a rear view of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first matching circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, including a grounded first inductor element; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first matching circuit including the first capacitor element provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second matching circuit including the second inductor element provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second matching circuit including the second capacitor element provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first inductor element provided in the embodiment of this application, with the grounding position close to the reference point; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator disposed on the top edge according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided in this application embodiment, showing the first feed terminal of the first radiator and the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator being relatively close to each other; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiator provided in the embodiments of this application, including a phase-spaced first radiating segment, a second radiating segment, and a first switching tuning unit; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application, which also includes a third radiator and a high-impedance circuit. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third matching circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, including a grounded third capacitor element; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the third matching circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, including a fourth capacitor element; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third radiator disposed on the top edge according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third radiator provided in the embodiments of this application, including a phase-spaced third radiating segment, a fourth radiating segment, and a second switching tuning unit; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third radiating segment forming the first radiator provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 19 The embodiments of this application provide S-curves and overall efficiency diagrams for antenna stubs with electrical lengths less than 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band, 1 / 8-1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, 1 / 4-1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band, and greater than 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided in this application embodiment, showing that the electrical length of the first radiator is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, and the first radiator is located on the first side and near the top edge. Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided in this application embodiment, showing that the electric length of the second radiator is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the second radiator is located on the first side and near the top edge; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure provided in this application embodiment, where the electric length of the third radiator is half the wavelength of the target frequency band, and the third radiator is located on the first side and near the top edge; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode, provided in an embodiment of this application, where the electrical length of the first radiator is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 24This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode, where the electrical length of the second radiator provided in this embodiment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode, provided in an embodiment of this application, where the electrical length of the third radiator is half the wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 26 This is a simplified diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode, where the electrical length of the first radiator is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 27 This is a simplified diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode, where the electrical length of the second radiator provided in this embodiment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 28 This is a simplified diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode, where the electrical length of the third radiator is half the wavelength of the target frequency band, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 29 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode, provided in an embodiment of this application, where the electrical length of the first radiator is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 30 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode, where the electrical length of the second radiator provided in this application embodiment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 31 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode, where the electrical length of the third radiator provided in this application embodiment is 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Figure 32 The first radiator provided in this application embodiment has an electrical length of 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a radiation pattern in the first resonant mode; Figure 33 The second radiator provided in this application embodiment has an electrical length of 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode; Figure 34 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode, provided in the embodiments of this application, where the electrical length of the third radiator is half the wavelength of the target frequency band.

[0007] Explanation of icon numbers: Electronic device 1000; antenna assembly 100; display screen 200; middle frame 300; back cover 400; middle plate 310; frame 320; top edge 321; bottom edge 322; first side edge 323; second side edge 324; first radiator 10; second radiator 20; signal source 40; first free end A1; first feed end B1; second free end A2; second feed end B2; switch switching circuit 50; first inductor element L1; first capacitor element C1; first matching circuit M1; second inductor element L2; first reference edge 501; the first... 502; 503; ... Detailed Implementation

[0008] The technical solution of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0009] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0010] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, an assembly or device comprising one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but may optionally also include one or more components not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more components that it should have based on the described function.

[0011] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, devices with communication functions such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, computers, wearable devices, drones, robots, and digital cameras. This embodiment uses a mobile phone as an example for illustration; other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0012] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a partially exploded view of electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a mid-frame 300, and a back cover 400 arranged sequentially along its thickness. The mid-frame 300 includes a mid-plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the mid-plate 310. The frame 320 may be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a mid-plate 310. The display screen 200, mid-plate 310, and back cover 400 are stacked sequentially, forming receiving spaces between the display screen 200 and the mid-plate 310, and between the mid-plate 310 and the back cover 400, to accommodate a motherboard 600, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery, various sensors, and other devices. One side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the back cover 400, forming a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integral structure, while the frame 320 and the back cover 400 can be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of this application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0013] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 The image shows the rear view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 322 oppositely disposed, and a first side edge 323 and a second side edge 324 connecting the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. The first side edge 323 is the left side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. Alternatively, the first side edge 323 can also be the right side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000, and the second side edge 324 can be the left side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000.

[0014] Please see Figure 3The electronic device 1000 also includes a reference ground plane 500. Optionally, the reference ground plane 500 is disposed within the frame 320. That is, the frame 320 surrounds the periphery of the reference ground plane. The reference ground plane 500 is generally rectangular in shape. Because various slots, holes, etc. are formed on the reference ground edge of the reference ground plane 500 as needed to accommodate devices or avoid other structures in the mobile phone. The reference ground plane 500 includes, but is not limited to, the metal alloy part of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal part of the circuit board (including the motherboard and sub-board). In general, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a roughly rectangular shape, hence the name reference ground plane 500. Note that reference ground plane 500 does not indicate that the reference ground is plate-shaped and a rectangular plate.

[0015] The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 includes a first radiator 10, a second radiator 20, and a signal source 40.

[0017] This application does not specifically limit the material of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may be made of a conductive material, including but not limited to conductive materials such as metals and alloys. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the first radiator 10. For example, the shape of the first radiator 10 may include, but is not limited to, strip-shaped, sheet-shaped, rod-shaped, coated, or thin-film-shaped. Figure 3 The first radiator 10 shown is merely an example and does not limit the shape of the first radiator 10 provided in this application. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is always strip-shaped. This application does not limit the extension trajectory of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may extend along a straight line, a curve, or a bend. The first radiator 10 described above may be a line of uniform width on its extension trajectory, or it may be a strip of varying width, such as one with a gradually changing width or a widened region.

[0018] This application does not specifically limit the form of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the form of the first radiator 10 includes, but is not limited to, a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame 320, a metal radiator located within or on the surface of the frame 320, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser-directly formed antenna (LDS), a printed-directly formed antenna (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is taken as part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000.

[0019] Please see Figure 4 The first radiator 10 includes a first free end A1 and a first feed end B1. Further, the first free end A1 and the first feed end B1 are the two ends of the first radiator 10. In this application, a free end refers to the end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 through an insulating gap and is not electrically connected to the reference ground. To ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the aforementioned insulating gap is filled with insulating material.

[0020] The first feed terminal B1 is the location where the excitation signal provided by the signal source 40 is fed into the first radiator 10. The antenna of the first radiator 10 is a monopole antenna.

[0021] The electrical length of the first radiator 10 is between 1 / 16 and 3 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, specifically including 1 / 16 of the wavelength but excluding 3 / 16 of the wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. Generally, the stub electrical length of a monopole mode is close to 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. However, the electrical length of the first radiator 10 provided in this embodiment is much smaller than 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; in other words, the first radiator 10 provided in this embodiment is a short stub. The first radiator 10 can reduce the antenna stub length of the target frequency band, providing a miniaturized antenna.

[0022] If the electrical length of the monopole antenna stub is less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength, the efficiency in supporting the target frequency band may be reduced due to the excessively small stub electrical length. The first radiator 10 provided in this application has an electrical length between 1 / 16 and 3 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band.

[0023] The target frequency band includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: LB band (less than 1 GHz), MHB band (1-3 GHz), UHB band (greater than 3 GHz), Wi-Fi band, GPS band, etc.

[0024] The electrical length described in this application can satisfy the following formula:

[0025] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in the free scene.

[0026] The material, shape, and form of the second radiator 20 can be referenced from the material, shape, and form of the first radiator 10.

[0027] Please see Figure 4 The second radiator 20 includes a second free end A2 and a second feed end B2. Specifically, the second free end A2 and the second feed end B2 are the two ends of the second radiator 20, respectively. The antenna of the second radiator 20 is a monopole type.

[0028] The second feed terminal B2 is the location where the excitation signal provided by the signal source 40 is fed into the second radiator 20. The antenna of the second radiator 20 is a monopole antenna.

[0029] The electrical length of the second radiator 20 is between 3 / 16 and 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, specifically including 3 / 16 of the wavelength but excluding 3 / 8 of the wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. The electrical length of the second radiator 20 provided in this embodiment is close to 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. The electrical length of the second radiator 20 is close to the intrinsic length of the target frequency band.

[0030] The signal source 40 is used to provide the excitation signal for the target frequency band. The signal source 40 is electrically connected to at least one of the first feed terminal B1 and the second feed terminal B2.

[0031] The signal source 40 includes, but is not limited to, radio frequency transceiver chips. The signal source 40 is used to provide radio frequency excitation current. After the radio frequency excitation current is transmitted to the first radiator 10, it can excite the first radiator 10 to generate a resonant current and form a resonant mode to support the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0032] In this embodiment, the signal source 40 is mounted on the motherboard 600. The electrical connection between the signal source 40 and the first feed terminal B1 includes, but is not limited to, indirect connections via coaxial cables, conductive springs, etc. Specifically, the signal source 40 is electrically connected to the first feed terminal B1 via a feed spring (conductive spring) mounted on the motherboard 600.

[0033] Optionally, the signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the first feed terminal B1, that is, the signal source 40 is configured to excite at least a portion of the first radiator 10 and the reference ground 500 to form a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. A portion of the resonant current of the first resonant mode is distributed on the first radiator 10, and another portion of the resonant current is distributed on the reference ground 500. The current intensity on the reference ground 500 is greater than the current intensity on the first radiator 10. In other words, under the short branch configuration provided in this embodiment, the reference ground 500 participates in the radiation of the target frequency band and plays a major role in the radiation of the target frequency band.

[0034] Furthermore, SAR simulation was performed on a region approximately 5 mm away from the first radiator 10, and the maximum SAR value of the first radiator 10 in the first resonant mode was detected to be the first SAR value.

[0035] Optionally, the signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the second feed terminal B2, that is, the signal source 40 is configured to excite at least a portion of the second radiator 20 and the reference ground 500 to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. A portion of the resonant current of the second resonant mode is distributed on the second radiator 20, and another portion is distributed on the reference ground 500. The current intensity on the reference ground 500 is similar to the current intensity on the second radiator 20. In other words, under the 1 / 4 wavelength stub provided in this embodiment, the reference ground 500 participates in the radiation of the target frequency band, and both the reference ground 500 and the second radiator 20 make a major contribution to the radiation of the target frequency band.

[0036] Optionally, the signal source 40 can be configured to be simultaneously connected to the first feed terminal B1 and the second feed terminal B2. The signal source 40 is configured to excite at least a portion of the first radiator 10 and the reference ground 500 to form a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and the signal source 40 is configured to excite at least a portion of the second radiator 20 and the reference ground 500 to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band.

[0037] Furthermore, SAR simulation was performed on a region approximately 5 mm from the second radiator 20, and the maximum SAR value of the second radiator 20 in the second resonant mode was detected to be the second SAR value. The first SAR value is less than the second SAR value.

[0038] For details, please refer to Figure 4The antenna assembly 100 also includes a switching circuit 50, which is electrically connected to the signal source 40, the first feed terminal B1, and the second feed terminal B2. The switching circuit 50 can select the first feed terminal B1 to be connected to the signal source 40, or select the second feed terminal B2 to be connected to the signal source 40, thereby realizing the regulation of the SAR value of the antenna assembly 100. For example, when the electronic device 1000 is in a head-and-hand communication scenario (a communication scenario where the electronic device 1000 is held on the head) or when the electronic device 1000 is in pocket mode (the electronic device 1000 is placed in a pocket close to the human body), the switching circuit 50 switches to the first feed terminal B1 to be electrically connected to the signal source 40, and switches the first radiator 10 to work in the target frequency band, so as to ensure that the electronic device 1000 can support the target frequency band and have a low SAR value.

[0039] The electronic device 1000 provided in this application is designed with a first radiator 10 including a first free end A1 and a first feed end B1, the electrical length of the first radiator 10 being between 1 / 16 and 3 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; and a second radiator 20 including a second free end A2 and a second feed end B2, the electrical length of the second radiator 20 being between 3 / 16 and 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; a signal source 40 is used to provide an excitation signal for the target frequency band and is electrically connected to at least one of the first feed end B1 and the second feed end B2. When the signal source 40 is configured to be turned on by the first feed end B1, the signal source 40 excites the first radiator 10. At least a portion of the reference ground 500 forms a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and the current intensity on the reference ground 500 is greater than the current intensity on the first radiator 10; the maximum SAR value of the first radiator 10 in the first resonant mode is the first SAR value; when the signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the second feed terminal B2, the signal source 40 excites the second radiator 20 and at least a portion of the reference ground 500 to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and the maximum SAR value of the second radiator 20 in the second resonant mode is the second SAR value, and the first SAR value is less than the second SAR value, so that the antenna has a lower SAR value when operating in the target frequency band.

[0040] Optionally, since the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is close to the intrinsic length of the target frequency band, i.e., 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, the overall efficiency of the second radiator 20 in the second resonant mode is greater than the overall efficiency of the first radiator 10 in the first resonant mode. When the electronic device 1000 requires better antenna performance, the signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the second feed terminal B2. For example, when the electronic device 1000 is not in a head-and-hand communication scenario or a pocket scenario, and needs to have good performance in the target frequency band, the signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the second feed terminal B2, switching to the second radiator 20 to transmit and receive signals in the target frequency band, to ensure that the electronic device 1000 can support the target frequency band and has high efficiency.

[0041] Optional, please refer to Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 includes a first matching circuit M1. The first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected to the first feed terminal B1. Further, it is electrically connected between the signal source 40 and the first feed terminal B1. The first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. By adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the signal source 40 and the port of the first radiator 10, the first matching circuit M1 facilitates the signal source 40 to excite a first resonant mode on the first radiator 10.

[0042] Specifically, the first matching circuit M1 may include, but is not limited to, a capacitor, an inductor, a series connection of a capacitor and an inductor, a parallel connection of a capacitor and an inductor, a series connection of the above-mentioned components in parallel with a capacitor, a series connection of the above-mentioned components in parallel with an inductor, two series connections of the above-mentioned components in parallel, two parallel connections of the above-mentioned components in series, and so on.

[0043] For example, please see Figure 5 The first matching circuit M1 includes a grounded first inductor L1. Specifically, one end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first feed terminal B1, and the other end of the first inductor L1 is grounded. At least some components in the first matching circuit M1 are used to compensate for electrical length. Optionally, the first inductor L1 is used to compensate for the electrical length of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the sum of the electrical length of the first inductor L1 and the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. In this application, "close to" means fluctuating by 1 / 10 wavelength. Figure 5 M11 can include short circuit, series inductor, series capacitor, parallel inductor, or parallel capacitor, etc.

[0044] For another example, please refer to Figure 6The first matching circuit M1 includes a first capacitor element C1 connected in series between the first feed terminal B1 and the signal source 40. Since the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, the resonant point of the first radiator 10 at intrinsic resonance is greater than the center frequency of the target frequency band. The first capacitor element C1 is used to tune the resonant point of the first radiator 10, shifting the resonant point of the first radiator 10 towards lower frequencies, thereby making the resonant point of the first resonant mode the center frequency of the target frequency band or located near the center frequency of the target frequency band, thus covering the target frequency band. Figure 6 M11 can include short circuit, series inductor, series capacitor, parallel inductor, or parallel capacitor, etc.

[0045] Optional, please refer to Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 includes a second matching circuit M2. The second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected to the second feed terminal B2. Further, the second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between the signal source 40 and the second feed terminal B2. The second matching circuit M2 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. By adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the signal source 40 and the port of the second radiator 20, the second matching circuit M2 facilitates the signal source 40 in exciting a second resonant mode on the second radiator 20.

[0046] Specifically, the second matching circuit M2 may include, but is not limited to, a capacitor, an inductor, a series connection of a capacitor and an inductor, a parallel connection of a capacitor and an inductor, a series connection of the above-mentioned components in parallel with a capacitor, a series connection of the above-mentioned components in parallel with an inductor, two series connections of the above-mentioned components in parallel, two parallel connections of the above-mentioned components in series, and so on.

[0047] For example, the second matching circuit M2 includes a grounded second inductor L2. Specifically, one end of the second inductor L2 is electrically connected to the second feed terminal B2, and the other end of the second inductor L2 is grounded. Optionally, the second inductor L2 is used to tune the resonant point of the second resonant mode, thereby making the resonant point of the second resonant mode the center frequency of the target frequency band or located near the center frequency of the target frequency band, so as to cover the target frequency band.

[0048] For example, please see Figure 7When the second matching circuit M2 includes a second inductor L2, the inductance value of the second inductor L2 is less than the inductance value of the first inductor L1. Since the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is closer to 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band relative to the electrical length of the first radiator 10, the tuning effect required for the second inductor L2 is relatively small, hence the inductance value of the second inductor L2 is less than that of the first inductor L1. In other words, since the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band relative to the electrical length of the second radiator 20, the first inductor L1 has a greater tuning effect on the first radiator 10, hence the inductance value of the first inductor L1 is greater than that of the second inductor L2. Figure 7 M21 in the context includes, but is not limited to, short circuit, series inductor, series capacitor, parallel inductor, or parallel capacitor.

[0049] For another example, please refer to Figure 8 The second matching circuit M2 includes a second capacitor element C2 connected in series between the second feed terminal B2 and the signal source 40. When the second matching circuit M2 includes the second capacitor element C2, the capacitance value of the second capacitor element C2 is less than the capacitance value of the first capacitor element C1. Since the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band relative to the electrical length of the second radiator 20, the first capacitor element C1 has a greater tuning effect on the first radiator 10, therefore the capacitance value of the first capacitor element C1 is greater than the capacitance value of the second capacitor element C2. Figure 8 M21 in the context includes, but is not limited to, short circuit, series inductor, series capacitor, parallel inductor, or parallel capacitor.

[0050] Please see Figure 9 The reference ground 500 includes a first reference edge 501 and a second reference edge 502 that intersect. The connection point between the first reference edge 501 and the second reference edge 502 is a reference point 503. When the first matching circuit M1 includes a first inductor L1, the distance between the grounding position of the first inductor L1 and the reference point 503 is less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, so as to improve the efficiency of the target frequency band in the first resonant mode.

[0051] Optionally, the first radiator 10 is disposed opposite to the first reference edge 501, or the first radiator 10 is disposed opposite to the second reference edge 502.

[0052] The distance between the grounding position of the first inductor L1 and the reference point 503 is less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. That is, the grounding position of the first inductor L1 is close to the connection between the first reference edge 501 and the second reference edge 502. Thus, the current from the first radiator 10, after passing through the grounding position of the first inductor L1, is mainly distributed along the first reference edge 501 and the second reference edge 502. The angle between the current from the first radiator 10 and the grounding position of the first inductor L1 is less than 90 degrees, thereby reducing the reverse current on the reference ground 500. Since the reference ground 500 makes the main contribution to the radiation of the target frequency band in the first resonant mode, the reduction of the reverse current on the reference ground 500 reduces the energy radiation cancellation effect, thereby improving the radiation effect on the reference ground 500 and enhancing the efficiency of the target frequency band in the first resonant mode.

[0053] Optionally, the border 320 includes an intersecting top edge 321 and a side edge. The side edge can be a first side edge 323 or a second side edge 324; this embodiment takes the first side edge 323 as an example.

[0054] Please see Figure 10 The first radiator 10 is disposed on the top edge 321. In other embodiments, the first radiator 10 is disposed on the first side edge 323 near the top edge 321. Since the first radiator 10 has a relatively low SAR value when operating in the target frequency band, and the top edge 321 or the side edge near the top edge 321 of the electronic device 1000 is close to the head in a head-and-hand communication scenario, the first radiator 10 with a lower SAR value is disposed on the top edge 321 or the side edge near the top edge 321 to reduce the SAR value when operating in the target frequency band, reduce or avoid unnecessary transmit power back-off, and reduce the risk of SAR exceeding the limit.

[0055] For example, please see Figure 10 and Figure 9 The first radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321, and the grounding position of the first inductor L1 in the first matching circuit M1 is close to the connection point of the two intersecting edges of the reference ground 500.

[0056] For another example, please refer to Figure 9 The first radiator 10 is located on the side near the top edge 321, and the grounding position of the first inductor L1 in the first matching circuit M1 is close to the connection point of the two intersecting edges of the reference ground 500.

[0057] The signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the first feed terminal B1 when the electronic device 1000 is in a head-and-hand communication scenario. Since the first radiator 10 and the reference ground 500 have low SAR in the first resonant mode, the signal source 40 can switch to operate in the target frequency band in head-and-hand communication scenarios, pocket scenarios, etc. Since the second radiator 20 and the reference ground 500 have good efficiency in the second resonant mode, the signal source 40 can switch to operate in the target frequency band in non-head-and-hand communication scenarios, non-pocket scenarios, etc.

[0058] Optional, please refer to Figure 5 The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are independent radiators. For example, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are located on the same side of the frame 320 and are spaced apart, which shortens the length of the radio frequency connection line connecting the signal source 40 to the first feed terminal B1 and the second feed terminal B2, and reduces transmission loss.

[0059] Further, please refer to Figure 11 The first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10 is relatively close to the end of the second radiator 20, and the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20 is relatively close to the end of the first radiator 10. This proximity of the first feed terminal B1 and the second feed terminal B2 further shortens the length of the RF connection line connecting the signal source 40 to the first feed terminal B1 and the second feed terminal B2, reducing transmission loss. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the radiation pattern in the first resonant mode is different from that in the second resonant mode; specifically, the radiation pattern in the first resonant mode points in the opposite direction to that in the second resonant mode. Therefore, when the signal source 40 switches its electrical connection to either the first feed terminal B1 or the second feed terminal B2, radiation pattern reconstruction of the target frequency band can be achieved, improving the signal coverage of the target frequency band.

[0060] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 10 The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be located on different sides to achieve more different radiation pattern combinations. For example, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be located on two intersecting sides of the frame 320, and the radiation pattern pointing in the first resonant mode is approximately perpendicular to the radiation pattern pointing in the second resonant mode, thereby improving the signal coverage of the target frequency band.

[0061] Optional, please refer to Figure 12 The second radiator 20 includes a first radiating segment 21 and a second radiating segment 22 spaced apart, and a first switching tuning unit 23 connected between the first radiating segment 21 and the second radiating segment 22.

[0062] The end of the first radiating segment 21 furthest from the second radiating segment 22 is the second feed terminal B2. The end of the second radiating segment 22 opposite to the first radiating segment 21 is the second free terminal A2.

[0063] Please see Figure 12 The first radiating segment 21 and the second radiating segment 22 are connected by a first fracture 24.

[0064] Please see Figure 12 The first switch tuning unit 23 includes at least a first switch 231. Alternatively, the first switch tuning unit 23 may also include a first tuning unit 232, wherein the first tuning unit 232 includes at least one of an inductor, capacitor, or resistor. One end of the first switch 231 is electrically connected to the end of the first radiating segment 21 near the first break 24, and the other end of the first switch 231 is electrically connected to one end of the first tuning unit 232. The other end of the first tuning unit 232 is electrically connected to the end of the second radiating segment 22 near the first break 24.

[0065] When the first switch 231 is configured to be in the ON state, the first radiating segment 21 and the second radiating segment 22 are connected in series. The first tuning unit 232 is used to tune for problems such as frequency deviation caused by the first gap 24, so that the first radiator 10 supports the target frequency band.

[0066] When the first switch tuning unit 23 is configured to be in the off state, that is, the first switch 231 is in the off state, the first radiation segment 21 and the second radiation segment 22 are no longer electrically connected.

[0067] Please see Figure 12 The first radiating segment 21 forms the first radiator 10. That is, the length of the first radiating segment 21 is the same as the length of the first radiator 10.

[0068] Please see Figure 12 The second feed terminal B2 forms the first feed terminal B1. The second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20 is also the first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10. The end of the first radiating segment 21 closest to the second radiating segment 22 is the first free end A1.

[0069] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 12 The signal source 40 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50. The second terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is electrically connected to one terminal of the first matching circuit M1. The other terminal of the first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected to the first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10 (which is also the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20). The third terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is electrically connected to one terminal of the second matching circuit M2. The other terminal of the second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected to the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20 (which is also the first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10).

[0070] In other embodiments, the switching circuit may also be electrically connected between the first matching circuit M1 and the first feed terminal B1, and electrically connected between the second matching circuit M2 and the second feed terminal B2.

[0071] Optionally, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first switching unit K1, which is electrically connected to a first matching circuit M1, a second matching circuit M2, and a first feed terminal B1 (second feed terminal B2). Of course, in other embodiments, the first switching unit K1 may not be included.

[0072] When the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is configured to be connected to the second terminal of the switch switching circuit 50, the first switch 231 is configured to be in the off state. At this time, the signal source 40 excites the first radiator 10 to work in the target frequency band through the first matching circuit M1.

[0073] When the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is configured to be connected to the third terminal of the switch switching circuit 50, the first switch 231 is configured to be in the on state. At this time, the signal source 40 excites the second radiator 20 to work in the target frequency band through the second matching circuit M2.

[0074] This embodiment designs the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 to share a common stub, which can excite the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode on the common stub, thereby achieving SAR value switching, efficiency switching and antenna stub miniaturization.

[0075] The second radiator 20 provided in this embodiment can extend in a straight line or bend in an L-shape. For example, the first radiating segment 21 is located at the top edge 321, and the second radiating segment 22 is located at the side edge. The grounding position of the first inductor L1 of the first matching circuit M1 is close to the connection point of the intersecting edge of the reference ground 500, which can also improve the working efficiency of the first resonant mode. Since part of the current of the second resonant mode is located at the top edge 321 and another part of the current is located at the side edge, the SAR value at the top edge 321 and the SAR value at the side edge are reduced in the second resonant mode.

[0076] Please see Figure 13 The antenna assembly 100 also includes a third radiator 30 and a high-impedance circuit 60.

[0077] The material, shape, and form of the third radiator 30 can be referenced from the material, shape, and form of the first radiator 10.

[0078] Please see Figure 13The third radiator 30 includes a third free end A3 and a third feed end B3. Specifically, the third free end A3 and the third feed end B3 are the two ends of the third radiator 30, respectively. The antenna configuration of the third radiator 30 is a monopole configuration.

[0079] Please see Figure 13 The high-impedance circuit 60 is electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3 to form a high-impedance feed.

[0080] The electrical length of the third radiator 30 is between 3 / 8 and 5 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, specifically including 3 / 8 of the wavelength but excluding 5 / 8 of the wavelength. Optionally, the electrical length of the third radiator 30 is 1 / 2 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. Generally, the stub electrical length of a monopole mode is close to 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. However, the electrical length of the third radiator 30 provided in this embodiment is much larger than 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; in other words, the third radiator 30 provided in this embodiment is a long stub.

[0081] The signal source 40 is configured to be connected to the third feed terminal B3, that is, the signal source 40 is configured to excite the third radiator 30 to form a third resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. The resonant current of the third resonant mode is mainly distributed on the third radiator 30. The radiation pattern in the third resonant mode is the direction in which the third radiator 30 is away from the reference ground 500.

[0082] The radiation pattern of the first radiator 10 in the first resonant mode points in the direction from the first feed terminal B1 to the first free terminal A1. The radiation pattern of the second radiator 20 in the second resonant mode points in the direction from the second feed terminal B2 to the second free terminal A2.

[0083] When the first radiator 10, the second radiator 20, and the third radiator 30 are located on the same side of the frame 320, the radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 changes significantly (close to 90°) compared to the radiation patterns of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, thus reconstructing the radiation pattern and increasing the signal coverage of the target frequency band.

[0084] For details, please refer to Figure 13 The switching circuit 50 is also electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3. The switching circuit 50 can select the first feed terminal B1 to be connected to the signal source 40, or select the second feed terminal B2 to be connected to the signal source 40, or select the third feed terminal B3 to be connected to the signal source 40, so as to realize the pattern switching and thereby increase the signal coverage of the target frequency band.

[0085] In this embodiment, the third resonant mode includes the half-wavelength mode of the target frequency band. Since one end of the third radiator 30 is a free end and the other end is a high-impedance feed of the target frequency band, the current on the third radiator 30 flows from the third feed terminal B3 to the third free end A3, with little or no current going to ground.

[0086] Optionally, the resonant current distribution on the third radiator 30 in the third resonant mode flows from the third feed terminal B3 to the third free terminal A3, and the resonant current of the third resonant mode first increases and then decreases. In this case, the current mode on the third radiator 30 is similar to the current mode of a dipole antenna, both flowing from one end of the stub to the other, and the current mode is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode. Therefore, the radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 can be referenced to the radiation pattern of a dipole antenna, specifically a ring-shaped radiation pattern surrounding the stub. Due to the influence (reflection) of the reference ground 500, the radiation direction of the third radiator 30 is the direction in which the third radiator 30 is away from the reference ground 500.

[0087] Since the radiation patterns of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 both point from the feed end to the free end, the radiation pattern of the target frequency band can change when the signal source 40 is switched to be electrically connected to the third feed end B3. Please see Figure 13 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a third matching circuit M3. The third matching circuit M3 is electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3. The third matching circuit M3 includes or is equivalent to the aforementioned high-impedance circuit 60. Specifically, the third matching circuit M3 is electrically connected between the third feed terminal B3 and the signal source 40. Further, one end of the third matching circuit M3 is electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3, and the other end of the third matching circuit M3 is electrically connected to the fourth terminal of the switch circuit 50.

[0088] The third matching circuit M3 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The third matching circuit M3 adjusts the impedance matching between the port of the signal source 40 and the port of the third radiator 30, so that the signal source 40 can excite the third resonant mode on the third radiator 30.

[0089] Specifically, the third matching circuit M3 may include, but is not limited to, a capacitor, an inductor, a series connection of a capacitor and an inductor, a parallel connection of a capacitor and an inductor, a series connection of the above-mentioned components in parallel with a capacitor, a series connection of the above-mentioned components in parallel with an inductor, two series connections of the above-mentioned components in parallel, two parallel connections of the above-mentioned components in series, and so on.

[0090] For example, please see Figure 14The third matching circuit M3 includes a grounded third capacitor element C3. The third capacitor element C3 is the high-impedance circuit 60. The third capacitor element C3 is a small capacitor, which presents a high impedance state for the target frequency band, so as to form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode current distribution on the third radiator 30, thereby forming a radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 away from the reference ground 500. Figure 14 M31 in the text includes, but is not limited to, short circuit, series inductor, series capacitor, parallel inductor, or parallel capacitor.

[0091] For another example, please refer to Figure 15 The third matching circuit M3 includes a fourth capacitor element C4 connected in series between the third feed terminal B3 and the signal source 40. The fourth capacitor element C4 is the high-impedance circuit 60. The fourth capacitor element C4 is a small capacitor with a capacitance value less than 3pF. The fourth capacitor element C4 is a small capacitor to present a high impedance state for the target frequency band, thereby forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode current distribution on the third radiator 30, and thus forming a radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 away from the reference ground 500. Figure 15 M31 in the text includes, but is not limited to, short circuit, series inductor, series capacitor, parallel inductor, or parallel capacitor.

[0092] Optional, please refer to Figure 16 The radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 points away from the reference floor 500. The third radiator 30 is located at the top edge 321. The target frequency band is the satellite communication frequency band. When the electronic device 1000 is in a handheld call scenario, the signal source 40 is configured to be electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3. The signal source 40 excites the third radiator 30 to form a signal supporting the satellite communication frequency band, and the signal of the satellite communication frequency band is emitted from the top edge 321 side of the electronic device 1000, increasing the upper hemisphere proportion of the satellite communication frequency band.

[0093] Optional, please refer to Figure 17 The third radiator 30 includes a third radiating segment 31 and a fourth radiating segment 32 spaced apart from each other, and a second switching tuning unit 33 electrically connected between the third radiating segment 31 and the fourth radiating segment 32.

[0094] Please see Figure 17 The end of the third radiating segment 31 furthest from the fourth radiating segment 32 is the third feed terminal B3, and the end of the fourth radiating segment 32 opposite to the third radiating segment 31 is the third free terminal A3. The second gap 34 is between the third radiating segment 31 and the fourth radiating segment 32.

[0095] Please see Figure 17The second switching tuning unit 33 includes at least a second switch 331. Alternatively, the second switching tuning unit 33 may also include a second tuning unit 332, wherein the second tuning unit 332 includes at least one of an inductor, capacitor, or resistor. One end of the second switch 331 is electrically connected to the end of the third radiating segment 31 near the second break 34, and the other end of the second switch 331 is electrically connected to one end of the second tuning unit 332. The other end of the second tuning unit 332 is electrically connected to the end of the fourth radiating segment 32 near the second break 34.

[0096] When the second switch 331 is configured to be in the ON state, the third radiating segment 31 and the fourth radiating segment 32 are connected in series. The second tuning unit 332 is used to tune for problems such as frequency deviation caused by the second gap 34, so that the third radiator 30 supports the target frequency band.

[0097] When the second switch tuning unit 33 is configured to be in the off state, that is, the second switch 331 is in the off state, the third radiation segment 31 and the fourth radiation segment 32 are disconnected.

[0098] In one alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 17 The third radiating segment 31 forms the second radiator 20. That is, the length of the third radiating segment 31 is the same as the length of the second radiator 20.

[0099] Please see Figure 17 The third feed terminal B3 forms the second feed terminal B2. The third feed terminal B3 of the third radiator 30 is also the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20. The end of the third radiating segment 31 closest to the fourth radiating segment 32 is the second free end A2.

[0100] Please see Figure 17 The signal source 40 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50. The fourth terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is electrically connected to one terminal of the third matching circuit M3. The other terminal of the third matching circuit M3 is electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3 of the third radiator 30 (which is also the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20). The third terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is electrically connected to one terminal of the second matching circuit M2. The other terminal of the second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected to the second feed terminal B2 of the second radiator 20 (which is also the third feed terminal B3 of the third radiator 30).

[0101] When the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is configured to be connected to the third terminal of the switch switching circuit 50, the second switch 331 is configured to be in the on state. At this time, the signal source 40 excites the second radiator 20 to operate in the target frequency band via the second matching circuit M2. Optionally, the second switch tuning unit 33 and the first switch tuning unit 23 can be the same circuit, and the first switch 231 and the second switch 331 can be the same switch.

[0102] When the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is configured to be connected to the fourth terminal of the switch switching circuit 50, the second switch 331 is configured to be in the on state. At this time, the signal source 40 excites the third radiator 30 to work in the target frequency band through the third matching circuit M3.

[0103] In this embodiment, by designing the second radiator 20 and the third radiator 30 to share a common stub, the second and third resonant modes can be excited on the common stub, thereby achieving efficiency switching and pattern switching.

[0104] In another alternative implementation, please refer to Figure 18 The third radiating segment 31 forms the first radiator 10. That is, the length of the third radiating segment 31 is the same as the length of the first radiator 10.

[0105] Please see Figure 18 The third feed terminal B3 forms the first feed terminal B1. The third feed terminal B3 of the third radiator 30 is also the first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10. The end of the third radiating segment 31 closest to the fourth radiating segment 32 is the first free end A1.

[0106] Please see Figure 18 The signal source 40 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50. The fourth terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is electrically connected to one terminal of the third matching circuit M3. The other terminal of the third matching circuit M3 is electrically connected to the third feed terminal B3 of the third radiator 30 (which is also the first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10). The fifth terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 (which can also be the aforementioned first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50) is electrically connected to one terminal of the first matching circuit M1. The other terminal of the first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected to the first feed terminal B1 of the first radiator 10 (which is also the third feed terminal B3 of the third radiator 30).

[0107] Please see Figure 18 When the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is configured to be connected to the fifth terminal of the switch switching circuit 50, the second switch 331 is configured to be in the on state. At this time, the signal source 40 excites the first radiator 10 to work in the target frequency band through the first matching circuit M1.

[0108] Please see Figure 18 When the first terminal of the switch switching circuit 50 is configured to be connected to the fourth terminal of the switch switching circuit 50, the second switch 331 is configured to be in the on state. At this time, the signal source 40 excites the third radiator 30 to work in the target frequency band through the third matching circuit M3.

[0109] In this embodiment, by designing a shared stub for the first radiator 10 and the third radiator 30, the first and third resonant modes can be excited on the shared stub, thereby achieving SAR value switching pattern switching.

[0110] Optionally, the third radiating segment 31 is located on the side. The fourth radiating segment 32 is located on the top edge 321. In other words, at least half of the third radiator 30 is located on the top edge 321, so that the radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 faces the top edge 321. Since a portion of the third radiator 30 is located on the side, a portion of the current in the third resonant mode is located on the top edge 321, and another portion of the current is located on the side. Therefore, when the third radiator 30 is working, the SAR value on the top edge 321 side decreases, and the SAR value on the side side of the third radiator 30 also decreases, so that the third radiator 30 can be used in the human head and hand satellite communication scenario.

[0111] Furthermore, when the third radiating segment 31 is the first radiator 10, and the first radiator 10 supports the target frequency band, the radiation pattern of the first radiator 10 points from the first feed end B1 to the first free end A1, i.e., the side where the top edge 321 is located; when the third radiator 30 supports the target frequency band, the radiation pattern of the third radiator 30 also points to the side where the top edge 321 is located. Thus, in this embodiment, when the signal source 40 switches the radiation patterns of the first radiator 10 and the third radiator 30 to support the target frequency band (e.g., satellite frequency band), they are both on the side where the top edge 321 is located, both have a high upper hemisphere ratio, and can reduce SAR values. This can be used to reduce the risk of SAR exceeding the standard in the scenario of human head and hand satellite communication.

[0112] In other embodiments, the third radiation segment 31 and the fourth radiation segment 32 may also be located on the same side of the frame 320. In this case, the radiation pattern of the target frequency band can be reconstructed, thereby increasing the signal coverage of the target frequency band.

[0113] Please see Figure 19 , Figure 19This application provides S-curves and overall efficiency diagrams for antenna stubs with electrical lengths less than 1 / 8 wavelength, 1 / 8-1 / 4 wavelength, 1 / 4 wavelength, 1 / 4-1 / 2 wavelength, and greater than 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve for an antenna stub with an electrical length of 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve a2 is the S-parameter curve for an antenna stub with an electrical length of 1 / 4-1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve a3 is the S-parameter curve for an antenna stub with an electrical length of 1 / 8-1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve a4 is the S-parameter curve for an antenna stub with an electrical length greater than 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve a5 is the S-parameter curve for an antenna stub with an electrical length less than 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve b1 is the efficiency curve for an antenna stub with an electrical length of 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve b2 represents the efficiency when the electrical length of the antenna stub is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve b3 represents the efficiency when the electrical length of the antenna stub is 1 / 8 to 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve b4 represents the efficiency when the electrical length of the antenna stub is greater than 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. Curve b5 represents the efficiency when the electrical length of the antenna stub is less than 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band.

[0114] As can be seen from the figure, the impedance bandwidth and efficiency bandwidth are optimal when the electrical length of the antenna stub is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. As the electrical length of the antenna stub increases or decreases, the impedance bandwidth and efficiency bandwidth decrease relatively.

[0115] Please see Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiator 10 provided in this application embodiment, where the electrical length of the first radiator 10 is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band, and the first radiator 10 is located on the first side 323 and near the top edge 321.

[0116] Please see Figure 21 , Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiator 20 provided in this application embodiment, where the electrical length of the second radiator 20 is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the second radiator 20 is located on the first side 323 and near the top edge 321.

[0117] Please see Figure 22 , Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third radiator 30 provided in this application embodiment, where the electrical length of the third radiator 30 is half the wavelength of the target frequency band, and the third radiator 30 is located on the first side 323 and near the top edge 321.

[0118] A comparative explanation is given of the current distribution of the first radiator 10 operating in the first resonant mode, the second radiator 20 operating in the second resonant mode, and the third radiator 30 operating in the third resonant mode.

[0119] Please see Figure 23 , Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode, where the electrical length of the first radiator 10 provided in this embodiment is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. As can be seen from the diagram, in the first resonant mode, the current on the first radiator 10 is relatively small, directed to the right, and weak in intensity. The current on the reference ground 500 is larger, and there is a relatively strong leftward current near the position of the first radiator 10.

[0120] Please see Figure 24 , Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode, where the electrical length of the second radiator 20 provided in this embodiment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. As can be seen from the diagram, in the second resonant mode, the current distribution on the second radiator 20 is relatively balanced with the current distribution on the reference ground 500. Compared to the first radiator 10, the current intensity on the second radiator 20 increases, gradually increasing from the second free end A2 to the second feed end B2. The current pattern on the second radiator 20 is close to the 1 / 4 wavelength pattern of the target frequency band. A stronger current to the left is formed on the reference ground 500.

[0121] Please see Figure 25 , Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode, where the electrical length of the third radiator 30 provided in this embodiment is half the wavelength of the target frequency band. To achieve impedance matching, the third matching circuit M3 is excited with high impedance, resulting in a huge impedance at the ground return position. For this resonance, it is almost equivalent to an open circuit, thus generating a half-wavelength current. As can be seen from the figure, in the third resonant mode, the current intensity on the third radiator 30 is stronger than the current intensity on the reference ground plane 500. From the third feed terminal B3 to the third free terminal A3, the current first increases and then decreases, exhibiting a half-wavelength current pattern. A relatively weak current is formed on the reference ground plane 500. This indicates that the monopole-type antenna excites a half-wavelength current.

[0122] A monopole antenna is an unbalanced antenna. An unbalanced antenna is one that cannot generate half-wavelength current naturally. It requires a portion of the main board, along with the stub itself, to generate half-wavelength current. In other words, the monopole and the ground plane can be considered as an asymmetrical dipole.

[0123] Please see Figure 26 , Figure 26This is a simplified diagram of the current distribution in the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode, where the electrical length of the first radiator 10 provided in this embodiment is 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band. At this time, the stub length of the monopole antenna is too short, much less than a quarter wavelength. Therefore, the distributed current on the reference ground 500 accounts for a large proportion, and since the distributed current on the reference ground 500 is greater than a quarter wavelength, the radiation is mainly radiated by the reference ground 500, and the characteristic current of the reference ground 500 accounts for the majority.

[0124] Please see Figure 27 , Figure 27 This is a simplified diagram showing the current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode, where the electrical length of the second radiator 20 provided in this embodiment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. At this time, the length of the monopole-type antenna stub is one-quarter wavelength, and the reference ground 500 also contributes a one-quarter wavelength current, forming an ideal resonance. Therefore, the impedance bandwidth and efficiency bandwidth are relatively wide. Since the antenna stub is in contact with a medium such as plastic, there is no medium (such as plastic) on the reference ground 500. Therefore, the one-quarter wavelength electrical length of the reference ground 500 is slightly longer than that of the antenna stub.

[0125] Please see Figure 28 , Figure 28 This is a simplified diagram of the current distribution of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode, where the electrical length of the third radiator 30 provided in this embodiment is half the wavelength of the target frequency band. At this time, the length of the monopole-type antenna stub continues to increase, approaching half the wavelength. At this point, the contribution of the reference ground 500 is very low, and the main radiating part is mainly composed of half the wavelength on the stub. At this time, only the reverse current generated by coupling exists on the reference ground 500, and the antenna stub itself forms a stable balanced antenna.

[0126] The 1 / 4 wavelength, 1 / 2 wavelength, and 1 / 8 wavelength mentioned above refer to the 1 / 4 wavelength, 1 / 2 wavelength, and 1 / 8 wavelength operating in the target frequency band, respectively.

[0127] In the three scenarios, the characteristic current on the reference ground 500 decreases sequentially. Compared with the stub radiation, the reference ground 500 is a surface current, and in addition to the main lateral direction, there are weaker current distributions in other directions, thus weakening the current intensity. Secondly, the characteristic current of the reference ground 500 is significantly farther away from the human body than that of the stub (the magnetic field on the reference ground 500 is 3-5 mm away from the stub). Therefore, it is easy to conclude that the shorter the monopole stub, the more current is distributed on the reference ground 500, and thus the lower the SAR.

[0128] The term "details" in this application refers to antenna radiators.

[0129] Please see Figure 29 , Figure 29 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode, where the electrical length of the first radiator 10 provided in this embodiment is 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. The simulation was performed at a distance of approximately 5 mm from the first radiator 10, yielding the SAR hotspot distribution of the first radiator 10 in the first resonant mode. It can be seen that the darkest areas represent the locations with the highest SAR values, which are 1.6 W / kg.

[0130] Please see Figure 30 , Figure 30 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode, where the electrical length of the second radiator 20 provided in this embodiment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band. The simulation was performed at a distance of approximately 5 mm from the second radiator 20, yielding the SAR hotspot distribution of the second radiator 20 in the second resonant mode. It can be seen that the darkest areas represent the locations with the highest SAR values, which are 3.16 W / kg.

[0131] Please see Figure 31 , Figure 31 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode, where the electrical length of the third radiator 30 provided in this embodiment is half the wavelength of the target frequency band. The simulation was performed at a distance of 305mm from the third radiator, yielding the SAR hotspot distribution of the third radiator 30 in the third resonant mode. It can be seen that the darkest areas represent the locations of maximum SAR, with a maximum SAR value of 8 W / kg.

[0132] Please refer to Table 1, which compares the efficiency and SAR for five scenarios provided in this application: the electrical length of the antenna stub is less than 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band, 1 / 8 to 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band, and greater than 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band. It can be seen that, based on the normalized SAR comparison, the shorter the stub, the more significant the SAR reduction. The efficiency reaches its highest point and the bandwidth is also optimal when the stub length is close to one-quarter wavelength of the monopole.

[0133] Table 1

[0134] Please see Figure 32 , Figure 32 The first radiator 10 provided in this embodiment has an electrical length of 1 / 8 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 100 shows a radiation pattern in the first resonant mode. It can be seen that the first radiator 10 is a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode points from the first feed end B1 to the first free end A1.

[0135] Please see Figure 33 , Figure 33 The second radiator 20 provided in this embodiment has an electrical length of 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 100 shows a radiation pattern in the second resonant mode. It can be seen that the second radiator 20 is a monopole antenna, and the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode points from the second feed end B2 to the second free end A2.

[0136] Please see Figure 34 , Figure 34 This is a SAR simulation diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode, where the electrical length of the third radiator 30 provided in this embodiment is half the wavelength of the target frequency band. Since the current mode on the third radiator 30 is the half-wavelength mode, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode points in the direction away from the reference ground 500.

[0137] As shown above, when the antenna stub length is shorter (1 / 8 wavelength) and normal (1 / 4 wavelength), the current points to the left because the basic antenna shape is a quarter wavelength. However, when the antenna stub length increases (1 / 2 wavelength), a self-resonant half-wavelength mode is formed within the antenna stub itself, and the radiation pattern points directly upwards. This indicates that when the antenna stub length decreases from shorter (1 / 8 wavelength) to normal (1 / 4 wavelength), the radiation pattern is almost impossible to adjust. However, when the antenna stub length increases from normal (1 / 4 wavelength) to longer (1 / 2 wavelength or more), the radiation pattern can be adjusted. Essentially, this transition from a quarter-wavelength antenna to a half-wavelength antenna length allows for a 90-degree change in the radiation pattern direction.

[0138] The antenna assembly 100 and electronic device 1000 provided in this application can be used for SAR control, pattern control, and efficiency control of a monopole antenna. By combining the characteristic current of the reference ground 500 and switching the signal source 40 to connect antenna stubs near 1 / 4 wavelength, a better bandwidth and efficiency antenna can be obtained. By switching the signal source 40 to connect antenna stubs much smaller than 1 / 4 wavelength, a lower SAR and antenna efficiency can be obtained to a certain extent. By switching the signal source 40 to connect antenna stubs much larger than 1 / 4 wavelength, the antenna pattern can be controlled, and the closer to half wavelength, the more obvious the pattern change.

[0139] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, and such improvements and refinements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: Includes a reference floor and an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising: A first radiator, comprising a first free end and a first feed end, wherein the electrical length of the first radiator is between 1 / 16 and 3 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. A second radiator, comprising a second free end and a second feed end, wherein the electrical length of the second radiator is between 3 / 16 and 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band; and A signal source is provided to deliver an excitation signal for the target frequency band and is electrically connected to at least one of the first feed terminal and the second feed terminal. The signal source is configured to excite at least a portion of the first radiator and the reference ground plane to form a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. The current intensity on the reference ground plane is greater than the current intensity on the first radiator, and the maximum SAR value of the first radiator in the first resonant mode is a first SAR value; and / or, The signal source is configured to excite at least a portion of the second radiator and the reference ground to form a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, wherein the maximum SAR value of the second radiator in the second resonant mode is a second SAR value, and the first SAR value is less than the second SAR value.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The total efficiency of the second radiator in the second resonant mode is greater than the total efficiency of the first radiator in the first resonant mode.

3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The antenna assembly further includes a first matching circuit, which is electrically connected to the first feed terminal. The first matching circuit includes a grounded first inductor or a first capacitor connected in series between the first feed terminal and the signal source. At least some of the components in the first matching circuit are used to compensate for electrical length.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein, The antenna assembly further includes a second matching circuit, which is electrically connected to the second feed terminal. The second matching circuit includes a grounded second inductor or a second capacitor connected in series between the second feed terminal and the signal source. When the second matching circuit includes a second inductor, the inductance value of the second inductor is less than the inductance value of the first inductor. When the second matching circuit includes a second capacitor element, the capacitance value of the second capacitor element is less than the capacitance value of the first capacitor element.

5. The electronic device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, The reference ground includes a first reference edge and a second reference edge that intersect. The connection point between the first reference edge and the second reference edge is a reference point. When the first matching circuit includes a first inductor, the distance between the grounding position of the first inductor and the reference point is less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength of the target frequency band.

6. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a frame surrounding the periphery of the reference floor. The frame includes an intersecting top edge and a side edge, and the first radiator is located at the top edge or the side edge near the top edge.

7. The electronic device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The signal source is configured to be connected to the first power supply terminal when the electronic device is in a head-and-hand communication scenario.

8. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiator includes a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment spaced apart from each other, and a first switching tuning unit connected between the first radiating segment and the second radiating segment. The end of the first radiating segment away from the second radiating segment is the second feed end, and the end of the second radiating segment away from the first radiating segment is the second free end. When the first switch tuning unit is configured to be in the off state, the first radiating segment forms the first radiator, the second feed terminal forms the first feed terminal, and the end of the first radiating segment closest to the second radiating segment is the first free end.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a third radiator and a high-impedance circuit. The third radiator includes a third free end and a third feed end. The high-impedance circuit is electrically connected between the signal source and the third feed end. The electrical length of the third radiator is between 3 / 8 and 5 / 8 of the wavelength of the target frequency band. The signal source is also configured to excite the third radiator to form a third resonant mode supporting the target frequency band. The radiation pattern in the third resonant mode is the direction in which the third radiator is away from the reference ground.

10. The electronic device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The radiation pattern of the first radiator in the first resonant mode points in the direction from the first feed end to the first free end, and the radiation pattern of the second radiator in the second resonant mode points in the direction from the second feed end to the second free end.

11. The electronic device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The third resonant mode includes the half-wavelength mode of the target frequency band.

12. The electronic device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a third matching circuit, which is electrically connected to the third feed terminal. The third matching circuit includes a grounded third capacitor element or a fourth capacitor element connected in series between the third feed terminal and the signal source. The fourth capacitor element is the high-impedance circuit.

13. The electronic device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a frame surrounding the periphery of the reference floor, the frame including a top edge, the third radiator being disposed on the top edge, and the target frequency band being a satellite communication frequency band; The signal source is configured to be electrically connected to the third power supply terminal when the electronic device is in a handheld call scenario.

14. The electronic device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The third radiator includes a third radiating segment and a fourth radiating segment spaced apart from each other, and a second switching tuning unit electrically connected between the third radiating segment and the fourth radiating segment. The end of the third radiating segment away from the fourth radiating segment is the third feed terminal, and the end of the fourth radiating segment away from the third radiating segment is the third free terminal.

15. The electronic device as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, When the second switching tuning unit is configured to be in the off state, the third radiating segment forms the second radiator, the third feed terminal forms the second feed terminal, and the end of the third radiating segment closest to the fourth radiating segment is the second free end.

16. The electronic device as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, When the second switching tuning unit is configured to be in the off state, the third radiating segment forms the first radiator, the third feed terminal forms the first feed terminal, and the end of the third radiating segment closest to the fourth radiating segment is the first free end.

17. The electronic device as claimed in claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a frame surrounding the periphery of the reference floor, the frame including an intersecting top edge and a side edge; the third radiating segment is disposed on the side edge, and the fourth radiating segment is disposed on the top edge.

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